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The Dual Structural Criterion Reviewed, Thomas Bearth

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "The dual structural criterion (referred to henceforth as DSC) is a solidly established piece of discovery procedure in tagmemic methodology. Its basic usefulness and empirical adequacy is reflected in a great number of tagmemic descriptions, whether the authors explicitly refer to it or not.

"There are, however, two major limitations to the usefulness of the dual structural criterion: the first pertains to its application as a practical tool of analysis, the second, to its theoretical status. I shall try to show that the two weaknesses are interrelated."

Some Choctaw Sentence Structures, Stephen M. Swartz

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "Being somewhat familiar with Longacre's case grammar approach to clause analysis, (Longacre, 1974), I felt it would be helpful to apply his sentence level techniques to the study of Choctaw. Longacre presents a binary, eight-part framework within which he groups all the various types of sentence combinations. [...] I chose to concentrate on the first four deep structures which find their counterparts in formal logic. Basically, conjoining and alternation are non-sequential deep structures while temporal and implication are sequential."

A Sketch Of Mayan Languages, David F. Oltrogge

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "The purpose of this paper is to present some of the principal features of Mayan languages. It will also touch on genetic relationships among the major members of the Mayan language family, as well as sketch some inferences regarding past migrations and inter-group contacts.

"A study of this nature is necessarily limited; only a few aspects of the languages are handled, and then only in a broad way. Nevertheless, a reading of this introductory work should provides beginning point for further study, especially for the student who may be contemplating doing field work in a Mayan language."

More On The Generation Of Tones From Registers (Part Ii), Timothy Friberg, Barbara Friberg, Richard S. Pittman

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Comments On The Decimal Classification Of New Guinea Languages, Alan Healey

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Sangil Elevationals And The Performative Analysis, Kenneth R. Maryott

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "A prominent feature of Sangil speech is the high frequency of terms such as "up", down", and "on the same level" for a variety of concepts which in the main have nothing to do with physical elevation. For example, when a Sangil tells of a distant land, he may characterize it as "up there" but be speaking of just another island at the same level as the one on which he is located. Thereupon he might call a different place "down" even though it is situated in precisely the same direction as the first. And at the …

Some Forthcoming Titles, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

What Is Why? (Or, Why Is What.), David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Front Matter For Sil-Und Work Papers Vol. 18 (1974)

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

A Revision Of The Decimal Classification For The Uto-Aztecan Language Family, Joy Anderson

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Interpropositional Relationships, Bruce E. Hollenbach

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Causative -Pa- In Minamanwa, Jeanne Miller

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

A Tentative Decimal Classification For New Guinea Languages, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Five Dimensions Of Sentence Description, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

The Sentence And Sentence Particles In Sara, Sandy Banasik

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction, "The following remarks have to do with certain particles which function over the entire sentence in Sara Majingay, and with a limited description of the Sara sentence as a whole. The particles serve to connect or highlight certain relationships between clauses."

Categories Of Verbal Ideas And Case Relations, Bruce E. Hollenbach

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction, "Our belief that translation is possible, or, for that matter, that human beings can communicate at all, is based upon two presuppositions: 1) that human beings everywhere live in approximately the same world of experience, and 2) that all human beings have approximately the same mental and psychological apparatus.

But we must at the same time recognize that all human beings must abstract to a high degree from the complex environment around them which constantly bombards them with great amounts of sense stimuli. We are required to impose order on, or find order in (depending upon your …

Reduplication And Anomalous Rule Ordering In Copala Trique, Barbara E. Hollenbach

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "Reduplication is a process that often seems to be associated with exceptions to the application of phonological rules. Either reduplicated forms are exempt from the application of a rule, as described by Munro and Benson (1973) for Luiseño, or else they are subject to the application of rules in environments where they wouldn't be expected to apply, as in certain Tagalog examples mentioned by Bloomfield (1933:222). In this paper I discuss a problem of the second type in Copala Trique."

Tone Sandhi And Rule Ordering In Peñoles Mixtec, John P. Daly

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "The tone sandhi of Peñoles Mixtec is accounted for by a small number of simple, interrelated rules, involving the two tones high and low and the modification or lack of modification of these tones in specified environments. The tones high and low are formally represented by the feature [high] in its two values plus and minus, and the modification or lack of modification of them by the feature [modify] in its two values. The two tonal features have their values changed by the tone rules, in environments specified phonologically and to a limited extent, syntactically.

"In this …

On Quotes, Donald G. Frantz

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "How should direct and (so-called) indirect quotations be represented in underlying structure?"

A Critique Of Some Tone Universals Proposed By Woo, Barbara E. Hollenbach

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "In an unpublished doctoral dissertation written in 1969, Nancy Woo proposed a set of universal prosodic features. In brief, she states that a stress feature is needed (45), but not a length feature; all length is best treated as geminction (237). For tone, three features are needed: high, low, and modify (236). The feature 'modify' involves some component besides pitch, and is needed for languages with more than three pitch levels (251). All tone languages are register systems; contours are best treated as sequences of registers, each on a separate sonorant segment (141). She illustrated her thesis …

Chafing At Anti-Allomorphs, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "Chafe (1970 p. 31-35) speaks of the varying forms for Onodaga 'big' as describable in terms either of processes or of allomorphs. (1) He claims that a process statement gives a more economical description of the Onodaga data; and (2) he also claims that an allomorph description necessarily presupposes a too-simple view of psychological reality. I consider his two claims questionable, the implication of his two claims not logically implied, and his first dichotomy not logically necessary."

It All Started With Linguistics, But It's The Finish Of Me, Elliott Canonge

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Relational Paradigms, Barbara E. Hollenbach

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Paradigms For Pedagogical Purposes, Jannette Forster

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

The Relationships Between Language And Reading, Patricia Frantz

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
2. Communication and Information
3. Language Acquisition
4. Effects of Language upon Cognition
5. Cognitive View of Learning in Relation to Language
6. Memory
7. The Brain and Eye Relationships
8. Reading Acquisition
9. Linguistic Awareness - Reading Readiness
10. Reading Motivation
11. Literacy

Three Possible Diffused Words In Amerindian Languages, Barbara E. Hollenbach

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Tree And String Analysis Of A Copala Trique Sentence, Bruce E. Hollenbach, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "This paper is simply a presentation of two analyses of the same Copala Trique sentence. The first analysis is done by David Thomas and represents a string analysis, with a distinction between deep structure and surface structure. The second analysis is done by Bruce Hollenbach and represents a tree analysis done from the point of view of generative semantics. We hope that this presentation may be useful to those who might be interested in comparing and contrasting these two analytical techniques."

Elephants In Glass Houses: Aesop Revisited, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Mamanwa Paragraphs, Helen W. Miller, Jeanne Miller

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "This paper describes the five contrastive paragraph types in Mamanwa. The five semantic categories of paragraphs are Narrative, Procedural, Explanatory, Hortatory, and Dialogue. Form categories on the paragraph level, as on the sentence level, are simple, antithetical, coordinate, and parallel.

"The five semantic categories contrast structurally in (1) the kinds of tagmemes which compose the nucleus of each paragraph type, (2) the kinds of focus and aspect affixes on the verbs in the nucleus, particularly in Narrative versus Procedural paragraphs, (3) the kinds of mode affixes on the verbs, and the kinds of personal pronouns in the …

Some Thoughts On Language Philosophy And Structure, David D. Thomas

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.