Library and Information Science Commons^™

Applying Artificial Intelligence And Chatbots To Enhance Collection Development In Health Sciences Libraries, Ivan Portillo, David Carson

Library Presentations, Posters, and Audiovisual Materials

The continuous advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) has presented several opportunities for librarians to reduce their workload and become more efficient. This session will explore the potential of generative AI chatbots in assisting health sciences librarians with collection development. Two methods that will be discussed include the potential of AI to help discover new titles and how AI can evaluate your library collection for any potential gaps based on a college program’s curriculum.

Bibliography For "Ai 2.0: Is Ai A Tool, A Threat, Or A Teammate?", Annikah Carpio, Sally Park, Melody Madrigal

Library Displays and Bibliographies

A bibliography created to support a display about AI 2.0 in August 2025 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University.

A Cancer Education Needs Assessment: Informing Middle-Aged Female Patients About The Relationships Between Obesity And Women’S Health Concerns In The Reproductive System, Breast, And Endometrial Health, Batul Mirza

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Obesity significantly impacts women’s health, particularly among middle-aged women, by increasing the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast, endometrial, and reproductive system cancers. This study examines the educational needs of this demographic group regarding obesity-related cancer risks and explores effective intervention strategies. Obesity-induced mechanisms – hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance – drive cancer susceptibility, emphasizing the need for targeted health education. The study employs a qualitative design, which includes interviews with subject matter experts (SMEs) and surveys of middle-aged women. The goal is to assess awareness, perceived barriers, and preferred learning methods. Findings suggest that with many …

Review Of Averting The Digital Dark Age: The Future Of Digital Literary Heritage, Rebecca L. Hastings

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

In Averting the Digital Dark Age: How Archivists, Librarians, and Technologists Built the Web a Memory, Ian Milligan explores the efforts of technologists and information professionals to develop means of preserving information shared on the World Wide Web. The web lacks a built-in archiving function, raising fears of a “digital dark age,” an unprecedented gap in the historical record as information sharing via the web increases. Milligan tracks the development of web preservation debates and activities from the anxiety and turmoil of the early to mid-1990s to the coming of age of web preservation in the wake of the …

Syntax-Enhanced Boundary-Aware Named Entity Recognition Model, Chuanming Yu, Bin Deng, Zhengang Zhang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance] This study addresses the issue of inadequate perception of entity boundaries in traditional character-level modeling-based named entity recognition models by integrating syntax information containing entity boundary features into the task using a multi-head graph attention network with dense connections. This integration enhances the effectiveness of named entity recognition.

[Method/process] This study proposes a Syntax-enhanced Boundary-aware Named Entity Recognition Model (SynBNER), which utilizes BERT for text semantic representation and integrates syntax information using a dense-connected graph attention network. This integration incorporates implicit entity boundary information from syntax information into word representations, thereby enhancing the model's entity boundary perception capability.

[Result/conclusion] …

Mapping Responsible Workflows For Geospatial Data Science: Developing The I-Guide Data Ethics Toolkit, Peter T. Darch, Kyra M. Abrams, Ivan Y M Kong

I-GUIDE Forum

AI workflows in geospatial data science offer significant societal benefits but raise ethical, transparency, and reproducibility challenges. Current ethical frameworks and tools are often hard to integrate into daily research practice. This paper introduces the I-GUIDE Data Ethics Toolkit (DET), a lightweight suite designed for users of the NSF-funded Institute for Geospatial Understanding through an Integrative Discovery Environment (I-GUIDE). Based on a longitudinal mixed-methods study, including surveys, interviews, and observations, we identified five design priorities: usability, anticipatory planning, distributed responsibility, comprehensive coverage, and policy compliance. We integrated existing AI and data research lifecycles into an eight-stage I-GUIDE Research Lifecycle, serving …

Arts-Based Sustainability: From New York To Malawi, Martha B. Lerski

Publications and Research

Recognizing that libraries serve multiple constituencies and subject areas, this chapter documents and advocates for development of transdisciplinary arts-based research (ABR) and culture-related projects linked to environmental challenges. Libraries contribute collections and spaces, as well as the research of library and information scientists. Libraries are currently among invisible contributors to sustainability planning and services. The chapter will link this invisibility to the value of what visual arts refer to as negative space elements in subjects ranging from traditional ecological knowledge to environmental science. Library collections, projects, and research contribute to education for sustainable development (ESD) as required to achieve the …

Financial Data Stewardship: A Librarian's Approach To Data Discovery And A Call For Coding As A Path To Data Comprehension And Verification, Lip Hwe Tee

Research Collection Library

This conference presentation calls to advocate and emphasise coding as a means to understand datasets, to be able to correctly interpret table structure and relevant fields to extract the correct data, to ensure accuracy and relevance.

Ai Assisted Literature Review Tools For Undergraduates: Restrict, Embrace Or Curate?, Aaron Tay

Research Collection Library

As AI-driven literature review tools become widespread, academic librarians must grapple with a fundamental question—should we ban these tools, selectively curate their use, or embrace them fully? This keynote explores the three competing schools of thought shaping AI’s role in undergraduate literature reviews.

The Restrict school argues that students who have not proven capable of writing quality literature review should be restricted from use of such tools. Much like handing a preschooler a calculator before they understand basic arithmetic will affect the learning of arithmetic, premature use of such tools has the potential to shortcut the research learning process. If …

Fact-Checking As A Multi-Step Process: From Ambiguity Resolution To Claim Validation, Wenbo Wang

Dissertations

The spread of misinformation and disinformation has become a major concern, particularly with the rise of social media as a primary source of information for many people. Fact-checking—the process of verifying claims against credible evidence—has emerged as a critical safeguard against misinformation. Yet, the task is fraught with challenges: claims are often ambiguous, context-dependent, or composed of multiple intertwined assertions, while automated systems struggle to replicate the nuanced reasoning of human experts. This dissertation addresses these challenges by reimagining fact-checking as a multi-step, knowledge-guided process that systematically resolves ambiguity, decomposes complexity, and validates claims through structured reasoning. Additionally, the proposed …

Selected Artificial Intelligence Provisions In U.S. Fiscal Year 2025 National Defense Authorization Act, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

The 2025 Fiscal Year National Defense Authorization Act contains multiple provisions relating to artificial intelligence (AI). These congressionally mandated provisions direct various sections of the Department of Defense (DOD) and individual U.S. armed service branches to execute congressional intent for AI policymaking. Examples of such intent include identifying and planning DOD's AI workforce, demonstrating AI biotechnology applications for national security, improving the human usability of AI systems, and establishing an AI security center. This presentation will note that reports on these initiatives must be prepared for relevant congressional oversight committees, and, in many cases, are in many cases, publicly released …

Ai And Ethical Use Implication For Research, Kelley Plass, Sierra Campbell

May Institute

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly integrated into our daily lives, especially for students. While there are valid debates about the advantages and disadvantages of students using AI for their assignments, such as comparing tools like Grammarly and ChatGPT, one aspect that often goes unexamined is the information sources that AI relies on. AI is now integrated into search engines like Google and Bing, making it accessible to everyone. Additionally, with the emergence of AI research tools like ResearchRabbit, AI's role in everyday activities continues to expand beyond easily accessible resources such as subscription databases. AI is now an optional …

Adding Libraries To The Equation: Mathematical Sciences’ Underutilization Of Academic Librarians, Jennifer L.C. Burke, Elizabeth C. Novosel, Daniel G. Kipnis, Rasitha R. Jayesekere

Libraries Scholarship

Academic librarians do not engage with all disciplinary departments equally. Despite equal or even greater efforts, some departments are less responsive to librarian outreach. One such department is mathematics. To understand mathematics departments’ relationships with their academic librarians, three mathematics librarians created a 20-question survey that was disseminated to mathematics faculty, instructors, and instructional staff in the United States and Canada. Of the 188 survey participants, more than a third reported that they never engage with their librarians, approximately half only do so occasionally, and a mere eight percent of participants collaborated with librarians to provide information literacy instruction (IL) …

Recent U.S. Government Policy Literature On Critical And Strategic Minerals, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Critical and strategic minerals have become increasingly important in U.S. government civilian and military policymaking in recent years. This is demonstrated by the heavy use of such minerals in many critical civilian and military infrastructures. This work will discuss how this subject has been addressed in laws, presidential documents, and works by government agencies along with congressional oversight committees and support agencies. It will stress how the United States is heavily dependent on strategic minerals from adversarial foreign countries such as China and will examine U.S. efforts to increase its ability to produce such materials in the United States by …

Achieving Professional, Effective Graphics Efficiently With Available Clemson Resources, Stacie P. Powell, Brad Landon Walters, Yaswanth Mulakala

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Reframing Information Seeking In The Age Of Generative Ai: A Critical And Humanistic Approach, Joseph Kevin Sebastian

Library Faculty Research

Information-seeking has long been the subject of theoretical modeling, often drawing from cognitive, behavioral, computational, and even evolutionary perspectives to explain how individuals navigate, filter, and utilize information. Several dominant frameworks—Carol Kuhlthau’s Information Search Process, Marcia Bates’ Berrypicking Model, Peter Pirolli & Stuart Card’s Information Foraging Theory, Kiyohiko Nakamura’s Information Criteria framework, and Ian Ruthven’s Information Shaping Theory —have provided structured ways of understanding how people interact with information environments. However, while these frameworks offer valuable insights, they often operate within mechanistic or efficiency-driven paradigms, which risk overlooking the complex, embodied, and socioculturally situated nature of human information behaviors. These …

Relationship Between Academic Influence And Institutional Cooperation In Specific Fields：Evidence From The Computer Science Domain, Yukai Yang, Yi Zhao, Chengzhi Zhang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/ significance]In scientific collaboration, institutions are the primary driving units of scientific research. Compared to intra-institutional collaboration, inter-institutional collaboration often has the potential to produce high-impact papers. Therefore, studying fine-grained collaboration at the institutional level holds significant importance.[Method/process]To explore the relationship between different types of institutional cooperation and academic influence, this paper classifies institutions and defines various types of cooperation. Using network analysis methods, it investigates the relationship between network indicators of different types of institutional cooperation and academic influence. [Result/conclusion]Taking the computer science domain as an example, the analysis of the relationship between network indicators of different types of …

Research On Quantitative Evaluation Of Artificial Intelligence Policy Texts In The Yangtze River Delta Region, Ying Zhou, Danjie Yang, Mei Jiang, Xiaochun Zhao

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]The quantitative evaluation of existing effective artificial intelligence (AI) policies aims to provide reference for government department to formulate scientific and reasonable AI policies and promote the development of AI. [Method/process]Taking 10 AI policies in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2015 to 2024 as the research samples, the text mining method is used to construct the evaluation index system of AI policies in the Yangtze River Delta region, and conduct quantitative evaluation by combining the PMC index model. [Result/conclusion]The study found that from a macro policy text perspective, the average PMC index of the 10 AI policy samples in …

Ai And Prompt Engineering For Library Discovery Services, James Day

Publications

We have seen the rise of generative artificial intelligence in the form of Large Language Models (LLMs) to provide answers to users’ queries. Services such as ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini have quickly become accepted and adopted in the research process. Now library vendors are adding artificial intelligence (AI) to their discovery services to allow for natural language queries to produce generative results. However, the AI model used for discovery services differs from normal LLMs in a significant way that has several positive benefits, but it affects how prompts are written. Library discovery services use a model called Retrieval- Augmented Generation …

Ai In Our Library: Some Serious Reflections And A Few Curiosities, Evan Rusch, Nat Gustafson-Sundell

Library Services Publications

At Minnesota State University, Mankato, we’ve undertaken several experiments and initiatives focused on Generative AI. We provided several examples at the Generative AI in Libraries (GAIL) conference and Northern Ohio Technical Services Librarians (NOTSL) Fall General Meeting. This presentation provided a revised and expanded overview of our initiatives for the Creativity in Technical Services Interest Group (CITSIG). We briefly reviewed how we’ve tested Gen AI to improve data visualization for collections outreach. We provided an overview of limitations on how library-licensed resources can be used with AI, including a foray into retrieval augmented generative AI tools such as the Primo …

Artificial Intelligence In Surgical Coding: Evaluating Large Language Models For Current Procedural Terminology Accuracy In Hand Surgery, Emily Isch, Jamie Lee, D. Mitchell Self, Abhijeet Sambangi, Theodore E. Habarth-Morales, John R. Vaile, E. J. Caterson

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: The advent of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has introduced notable advancements in various surgical disciplines. These developments have led to an increased interest in the use of LLMs for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding in surgery. With CPT coding being a complex and time-consuming process, often exacerbated by the scarcity of professional coders, there is a pressing need for innovative solutions to enhance coding efficiency and accuracy.

METHODS: This observational study evaluated the effectiveness of five publicly available large language models-Perplexity.AI, Bard, BingAI, ChatGPT 3.5, and ChatGPT 4.0-in accurately identifying CPT codes for hand surgery procedures. A …

Beyond A Chapter: Libraries As Key Characters In Smu’S Sustainability Saga, Shameem Nilofar Maideen

Research Collection Library

No abstract provided.

In Memoriam - Nora Sabelli: Master Orchestrator Of Grant Programs And Mentor For Advancing The Interdisciplinary Learning Sciences Field, Eric Hamilton, Jeremy Roschelle, Roy Pea, Barbara Means, Louis Gomez, Kim Gomez, Nancy Butler Songer

Education Division Scholarship

On Friday, September 6, 2024, the learning sciences field lost a giant in Dr. Nora Sabelli, 87 years old, a personal mentor to many researchers and an inspiration to so many learning scientists and STEM leaders. Nora’s first professional career was as a computational chemist, and later she became a passionate leader in research for improving STEM education. Nora’s time as a senior program officer at the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Education and Human Resources (EHR) directorate was legendary; she was a force of nature who reshaped funding priorities for stronger science and a stronger connection of science to education …

The Year Of Ai: Raising Campus Awareness Through Art, Exhibits, And Community Engagement, Essraa Nawar

Library Articles and Research

This poster highlights the Leatherby Libraries’ leadership in advancing AI literacy through creative, inclusive, and interdisciplinary approaches. As part of Chapman University’s “Year of AI,” the library launched initiatives such as Beyond the Lens and AI: The Next Chapter, blending art, ethics, and education to inspire campus-wide engagement. Through collaboration with IS&T, Town & Gown, and academic departments, the library positioned itself as a hub for ethical dialogue and innovation. The poster shares replicable models for how libraries can foster AI awareness through community partnerships, exhibitions, and experiential learning.

Making The Most Of Artificial Intelligence And Large Language Models To Support Collection Development In Health Sciences Libraries, Ivan Portillo, David Carson

Library Articles and Research

This project investigated the potential of generative AI models in aiding health sciences librarians with collection development. Researchers at Chapman University’s Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science campus evaluated four generative AI models—ChatGPT 4.0, Google Gemini, Perplexity, and Microsoft Copilot—over six months starting in March 2024. Two prompts were used: one to generate recent eBook titles in specific health sciences fields and another to identify subject gaps in the existing collection. The first prompt revealed inconsistencies across models, with Copilot and Perplexity providing sources but also inaccuracies. The second prompt yielded more useful results, with all models offering helpful analysis …

Ai 101: What It Can (And Can't) Do For You, April Sheppard

Staff and Faculty Scholarship

In this presentation, April defines AI, describes how it works, reviews some pros and cons, and finally discusses what AI can actually accomplish in its current iteration.

Relational Database Schema To Support Research Profiling Studies, Natural Language Processing, And Bibliometric Analysis, Darnelle Melvin

Library Faculty Research

In this paper, a relational database schema is introduced that supports rapid prototyping, data preprocessing, and warehousing tasks associated with research profiling studies, natural language processing, and bibliometric analysis. Python scripts are leveraged for the seamless retrieval and processing of data from Semantic Scholar. This schema is tailored to efficiently analyze entities such as authors, their scientific papers, referenced papers, and cited papers. Adhering to the relational model, this schema offers a standardized approach to data storage and detailed information retrieval for scientific papers. Enhancing knowledge discovery in scientific databases, this schema provides researchers with a powerful platform for robust …

Analysis And Research On The Guiding Role Of Xi Jinping Thought On Socialism With Chinese Characteristics For A New Era In The Discipline Of Information Resources Management, Sanhong Deng, Yiqin Zhang, Hao Wang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]This paper explores the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the development of the Information Resource Management discipline with Chinese characteristics, providing significant insights for the innovative advancement of China's Information Resource Management discipline and strengthening the discourse power of Chinese social sciences. [Method/process]This paper systematically reviews the core elements of the development philosophy of the Information Resource Management discipline within Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era from a holistic perspective,elucidates the logical system of the development of the discipline from the diverse perspectives …

Interaction Mechanism Between Health Anxiety And Information Seeking Behavior From The Perspective Of Phenomenology, Yanfeng Zhang, Minqian Yu

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]To analyze the evolution characteristics of health anxiety before and after information search behavior from the perspective of phenomenological graph analysis, and to explain the internal mechanism of the interaction between health anxiety and information search behavior. [Method/process]By using the phenomenological qualitative research method, the interactive mechanism between health anxiety and information search behavior was deeply explored. Based on the I-PACE theoretical model framework, the model elements of users' health anxiety and information search behavior were analyzed from the four dimensions of "Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution". To construct a mechanistic relationship model between health anxiety and information search behavior. [Result/conclusion]The research results revealed …

Research On Automated Generation And Evaluation Of Patent Claimsbased On Gpt-4, Junhua Li, Qian Yuan, Xiang Yan, Changhong Lv

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]This study aims to automatically generate claims using the GPT-4 model, in order to reduce the writing difficulty for inventor and improve the work efficiency and quality. [Method/process]The article constructs Prompts suitable for automatically generating patent claims and implements four prompting strategies: ZeroShot, Exact-Drafting, Stepwise-Claim, and Exact-Step Claim. By inputting patent specifications and technical disclosure documents into the GPT-4 model and using Prompts to guide its output, the automated generation of patent claims is achieved. The ROUGE and BERTScore evaluation metrics were used to assess the quality of the text, and the generated text was analyzed in comparison with the …