Environmental Studies Commons^™

Multivariate Analysis Of Hydrochemical Data For Jewel Cave, Wind Cave, And Surrounding Areas, Andrew J. Long, James B. Paces, William G. Eldridge

United States National Park Service: Publications

Abstract

Jewel Cave National Monument and Wind Cave National Park in South Dakota contain two of the six longest caves worldwide. These caves contain subterranean lakes that are important points of intersection between the water table of the Madison aquifer and the caves. During 2015 to 2017, several subterranean lakes were discovered in Jewel Cave, which previously was thought to be above the regional water table. The objectives of this study were to better understand the hydrology of the recently discovered subterranean lakes in Jewel Cave and to evaluate their relation or possible connection to similar lakes in Wind Cave. …

Going To School In The Forest: Changing Evaluations Of Animal-Plant Interactions In The Kichwa Amazon, Jeffrey T. Shenton

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

For rural, indigenous communities the ways structural modernization, exposure to Western-scientific epistemologies, and formal schooling affect environmental reasoning remain unclear. For one Kichwa community in the Napo region of Ecuador, daily routines have re-oriented toward formal schooling but environmental learning opportunities remain intact. Here, while a Species Interaction Task elicited consensus across ages on inferred ecological interactions, younger people reasoned differently than older people: for them, animal interactions with flora were considered damaging, not neutral. Aspirational practices like schooling can thus reorient environmental reasoning, even in contexts in which young people share cultural understandings of local ecological relationships with adults.

Exploring Local Environmental Factors Influencing Geographic Distribution Of Black-Legged Tick Questing Activity, Chong Di

Theses and Dissertations

The deer tick (Ixodes scapularis or I. scapularis), also known as the black-legged tick, is the primary vector that transmits Lyme Disease (LD) in Northeastern United States. To contain the geographic expansion of Lyme disease ticks across the US in recent decades, ecological studies have been conducted to understand the biotic and abiotic environmental factors affecting tick activity. We observed in preliminary surveys that the tick host-seeking activity varies across small local areas. The primary objective of this project is to identify the environmental factors that impact deer tick questing activities at the micro-geographic scale. From 2017-2018, we …

Sustainability On Campus, Jennifer Thomson

Bucknell: Occupied

Jennifer Thomson, assistant professor of History at Bucknell University, interviews three Bucknell student activists. The group discussed a recent campus sustainability forum, and expanded on various sustainability-related topics. Issues included food waste and insecurity, divestment [fossil-fuel], and economic sustainability versus environmental sustainability. The students also discussed campus culture and the challenges with and opportunities for engaging with the campus community and encouraging sustainable actions.

The Ethics Of Eliminating Harmful Species: The Case Of The Tsetse Fly, Jérémy Bouyer, Neil H. Carter, Chelsea Batavia, Michael Paul Nelson

Human-Environment Systems Research Center Faculty Publications and Presentations

Wildlife species harmful to humans are often targets of control and elimination programs. A contemporary example is the tsetse fly, a vector of sleeping sickness and African animal trypanosomosis. Tsetse flies have recently been targeted by a pan-African eradication campaign. If it is successful, the campaign could push the entire tsetse family to extinction. With the emergence of effective and efficient elimination technologies, ethical assessment of proposed elimination campaigns is urgently needed. We examine the ethics of tsetse fly elimination by considering arguments predicated on both the instrumental and the intrinsic values of the species at local and global scales. …

Including Variability Across Climate Change Projections In Assessing Impacts On Water Resources In An Intensively Managed Landscape, Bangshuai Han, Shawn G. Benner, Alejandro N. Flores

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

In intensively managed watersheds, water scarcity is a product of interactions between complex biophysical processes and human activities. Understanding how intensively managed watersheds respond to climate change requires modeling these coupled processes. One challenge in assessing the response of these watersheds to climate change lies in adequately capturing the trends and variability of future climates. Here we combine a stochastic weather generator together with future projections of climate change to efficiently create a large ensemble of daily weather for three climate scenarios, reflecting recent past and two future climate scenarios. With a previously developed model that captures rainfall-runoff processes and …

Bird Monitoring At Effigy Mounds National Monument, Iowa, Status Report 2009–2017, David G. Peitz, Lloyd W. Morrison, Kristen L. Mecke

United States National Park Service: Publications

Executive Summary

In 2009, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) Network) initiated breeding bird surveys on Effigy Mounds National Monument (NM), Iowa, to address two objectives: (1) to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance, and (2) to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and habitat and the effects of management actions on such relationships. This report evaluates trends in the park’s breeding bird populations in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative’s (NABCI) Prairie Hardwood Transition Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which the park is located. By doing …

Plant Community Composition And Structure Monitoring At Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, 2018 Data Report, Ryan M. Manuel

United States National Park Service: Publications

Abstract

This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2018 at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument (AGFO) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and the Northern Great Plains Fire Effects Program (NGPFire). This was the eighth year of field work conducted by NGPN at AGFO.

In 2018, crew members from NGPN visited six long-term plant community monitoring (PCM) plots, four legacy plant community monitoring (LPCM) plots, and NGPFire visited one additional PCM plot to collect data on plant communities at AGFO. This collaborative effort is part of a long-term monitoring program established to better …

Climatic Variables Are Strong Predictors Of Allonursing And Communal Nesting In Primates, Alexandra Louppova

Theses and Dissertations

Allomaternal care (AMC) is widespread throughout the primate order, previous studies have focused on benefits and costs to individuals. However, our understanding of environmental impacts on AMC behaviors in primates is still limited. Our study examines how ecology and environmental factors can predict certain AMC behaviors more than others.

Optimal Climate Policy And The Future Of World Economic Development, Mark Budolfson, Francis Dennig, Marc Fleurbaey, Noah Scovronick, Asher Siebert, Dean Spears, Fabian Wagner

Journal Articles

How much should the present generations sacrifice to reduce emissions today, in order to reduce the future harms of climate change? Within climate economics, debate on this question has been focused on so-called "ethical parameters" of social time preference and inequality aversion. We show that optimal climate policy similarly importantly depends on the future of the developing world. In particular, although global poverty is falling and the economic lives of the poor are improving worldwide, leading models of climate economics may be too optimistic about two central predictions: future population growth in poor countries, and future convergence in total factor …

Code Mixing As A Form Of Indonesian Identity Based On The Motto Of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, Fajar Muhammad Nugraha

International Review of Humanities Studies

In 2018, the Language Comission of the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) of the Republic of Indonesia has made verification towards all the languages that exists in Indonesia. The verification conducted from 1991 to 2017 resulted in 652 languages to be found. That number still does not include the dialects and their sub-divisions of the 652 languages. Meanwhile, UNESCO recorded 143 languages based on their vitality status. Identity can be interpreted as similarity or unity with others in a certain area or other things (Rummens, 1993: 157-159). "The identity possessed by an individual can be in the form of …

Jasmine Flowers In Javanese Mysticism, Nanny Sri Lestari

International Review of Humanities Studies

This study discusses Javanese society's awareness of jasmine flowers (jasminum sambac) which are small in shape but have full of cultural meanings and philosophies, thus becoming a symbol of life. The focus of this study is the physical form of jasmine flowers and awareness of a healthy natural environment that can build a healthy mental (soul). The purpose of this study is to explore the unique small flower of jasmine, which has long been a symbol of awareness of environmental health which is not only physical but also mental (soul). This study uses a theoretical framework of health, the natural …

Design For Living Complexities, Peter J. Taylor

Working Papers in Critical, Creative and Reflective Practice

Lectures from a 12-session course that addresses the intersection of design with critical thinking. Design in this course means intentionality in construction, which involves a range of materials, a sequence of steps, and principles that inform the choice of materials and the steps. Design also always involves putting people, as well as materials, into place. This happens by working with the known properties of people, as well as the known properties of material, and trying out new arrangements to work around their constraints (at least temporarily). Critical thinking, as I define it, involves understanding ideas and practices better when we …

The Costs Of Obtaining Environmental Outcomes Through Coastal Habitat Restoration, Shea Gould, Matthew G. Interis

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

Studies examining the costs of coastal habitat restoration have focused on the cost per acre of restoration or on cost efficiency of various restoration methods. On the other hand, studies examining the benefits of restoration have focused on various ecosystem services that more directly affect welfare including amenity value, storm protection, nutrient retention and biodiversity. We examine a set of 133 Gulf of Mexico coastal habitat restoration projects to estimate the cost of obtaining average annual habitat units (AAHUs), a measure which captures the quantity and, importantly, quality of habitat restored, which is one of the more direct ecosystem service …

Year Of Cuba 2019-2020, Nashieli Marcano, Leslie Drost

Research Guides & Subject Bibliographies

No abstract provided.

Climate Change, Agriculture, And Adaptations: Policy Recommendations For Conservation Agriculture, Sydney Abraham, Mel Dollison

Climate and Society

This paper examines the intersection of climate change and agriculture with a focus on possibilities for sustainable agriculture in a warmer world. The authors consider the impacts (both positive and detrimental) of climate change on food production systems before engaging with a variety of adaptive strategies including crop diversification, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and conservation agriculture (CA). These strategies are then applied within the context of sub-Saharan agricultural policy. Ultimately, the authors suggest that policymakers should support rural agriculture by prioritizing conservation agriculture as a critical piece of both mitigation and adaptation policy.

Maintaining Stability In A Changing Climate: A Comparative Analysis Of Public Health Systems And Migration Policies In The U.S. And Canada, Laura Cutlip

Climate and Society

This paper examines the relation between climate change, migration, and public health to better understand how the United States health system is positioned to deal with likely challenges to human health posed by environmental changes. The author reviews probable impacts of climate change on population displacement and disease before considering how the current structure of the health system of the United States will render it unable to adapt to these changes and challenges. The Canadian health care system and refugee policies are then reviewed to provide a counterpoint to this analysis. These findings are then considered in tandem as the …

Local Entities As Mechanisms For Global Climate Governance, Daniel Vernick, Cameron Stanish, Joshua Hill

Climate and Society

This paper considers the role of local government entities as actors in global climate governance regimes. The authors review traditional state-based climate governance efforts and existing attempts to engage municipal and local actors through transnational municipal networks (TMNs). Arguing for the importance of TMNs to effective and time-sensitive climate action, the authors then show how and why TMNs are crucial to future efforts to address climate mitigation as part of multi-level, holistic plans for global climate governance.

Pinngortitaq – A Place Of Becoming, Ann E. Lennert, Jørgen Berge

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

Arctic ecosystems are on the verge of changes that are unprecedented in both magnitude and velocity. We stress that statements of a changing climate and environment have ambiguous definitions in both theoretical and metaphorical senses. Inuit have embraced the idea of an environment in a process of Pinngortitaq – a place of becoming – rather than a process of changing. In this note, we accentuate how a philosophy of a world becoming can inspire to answer some of the complex environmental questions asked today by enabling more flexible management regimes in the future.

Hrísheimar: Fish Consumption Patterns, Wendi K. Coleman

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, I examine the fish remain patterns at Hrísheimar, which have provided archaeologists with further evidence that inland sites such as those in the Mývatnssveit Region utilized both local freshwater and marine fish from the coastal regions as a part of their subsistence pattern.

Marginal No More: An Introduction To A Special Issue On The Archaeology Of Northern Coasts, Christopher B. Wolff

Anthropology Faculty Scholarship

Introduction to a special volume of Arctic Anthropology. This introduction discusses the use and abuse of Arctic peoples for archaeological and anthropological analogy in the study of hunter-gatherers.

The Stock Cove Site: A Large Dorset Seal-Hunting Encampment On The Coast Of Southeastern Newfoundland, Christopher B. Wolff, Donald H. Holly Jr., John C. Erwin, Tatiana Nomokonova, Lindsay Swinarton

Anthropology Faculty Scholarship

The Stock Cove site (CkAl-3) is a large, deeply-stratified, multi-component site located in southeastern Newfoundland. The richest strata at the site, which have yielded thousands of artifacts and multiple overlapping house features, provide evidence of a substantial Dorset presence. Earlier researchers proposed that the Stock Cove site additionally contained the Province’s only Dorset longhouse, which this paper disputes. The high frequency of sea mammal hunting implements, identified faunal remains, as well as the site’s location, all suggest that coastal and marine resources figured prominently in the Dorset’s food economy at Stock Cove. Faunal remains further suggest that the biogeography of …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 11, Spring 2019

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

Archeological Survey Report Us 80 Project, Dallas District, Christopher Goodmaster

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Integrated Environmental Solutions, LLC (IES), under contract to Halff Associates, Inc. on behalf of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Dallas District, conducted an archeological survey for the proposed U.S. Highway (US) 80 Project located between Interstate Highway (IH) 30 in Dallas County and Farm-to-Market Road (FM) 460 in Kaufman County, Texas (see Area of Potential Effects on Aerial Photograph Map and Area of Potential Effects on USGS Topographic Map).

The purpose of this investigation is to ensure compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (Section 106) of 1966, as amended, and the Antiquities Code of Texas …

An Archaeological Survey For The City Of Bryan’S Eastside Facility Project In Brazos County, Texas, Edward P. Baxter

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archaeological survey of the proposed 78 acre (32 hectares) City of Bryan’s Eastside Facility Project, in Brazos County, Texas was performed by Ed Baxter, Consulting in May of 2019. Edward P. Baxter was the Principal Investigator and the Project Archaeologist. The survey took a total of three man days in the field. This study was performed under Texas Antiquities Committee Permit Number 8903. The project area was investigated using the pedestrian survey method supported by shovel testing. No previously recorded archaeological sites or cemeteries were found in the project area. The survey found no new archaeological sites. Copies of …

Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Dwu 84-Inch Wastewater Main 16-357/358e, Cid 5910 Dallas County, Texas, Philip Fisher

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Dallas is proposing to construct an 84-inch diameter wastewater main across the old Trinity River channel in Dallas County, Texas. The project area is located in the floodplain of the old Trinity River channel, northeast of the Market Center Boulevard and Turtle Creek Boulevard intersection in Dallas, Texas. AR Consultants, Inc. (ARC) conducted trench monitoring in an area approximately 40-meters long by 4.25-meters wide (0.04-acres) on March 7, 2019 under the authority of Texas Antiquities Permit number 8680. Two trenches one meter in width were excavated to the depth of proposed disturbance, approximately 8 ft (2.45 m), …

A Phase I Cultural Resources Survey Of The Orbit Pipeline Project Jefferson, Liberty, And Chambers Counties, Texas, Jennifer Cochran, Abby Peyton, Karissa Basse

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Energy Transfer Company (ETC) is proposing to construct the Orbit Pipeline Project (Project) located in Jefferson, Liberty, and Chambers counties, Texas. The Project consists of approximately 68.7 miles (mi) (110.6 kilometer [km]) of new 20.0-inch (in) (50.8-centimeter [cm]) diameter pipeline that will be used to transmit ethane and propane. The Project is located within the jurisdictional boundary of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) - Galveston District.

At the request of ETC, Perennial Environmental Services, LLC (Perennial) conducted an intensive Phase I cultural resources investigation for the proposed Project to comply with anticipated USACE permitting requirements. Archaeological investigations …

Csj 0221-05-065, Us 271 South Of Talco Intensive Archaeological Survey, Titus County, Atlanta District, Jon Budd

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On May 20-23, 2019, an Intensive archeological resources survey was conducted south of Talco, northwest Titus County, Texas, along US 271 for the Titus County Improvement Project (CSJ-0221-05-065). The survey area is an irregularly-shaped linear area measuring 0-feet-wide at its northern extent, 83-feet-wide (25-m) at its approximate center, and 67-feet-wide (21-m) at its southern extent. Its average width is 70 feet (21 m). The total survey area is comprised of approximately 2.02 acres of new right-of-way (ROW) and 0.37 acres of new easement and was surveyed for cultural resources in advance of road improvements and bridge removal and replacement. The …

Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Crawford Memorial Park Improvements Dallas County, Texas, Philip Fisher, Kathryn A. Cross

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Dallas is proposing to improve the existing Crawford Memorial Park in central-southeastern Dallas County, Texas. DIPS Environmental, Inc., contracted with AR Consultants, Inc. to conduct an intensive archaeological survey of Crawford Memorial Park under the authority of Texas Antiquities Permit number 8747. Crawford Memorial Park totals approximately 265 acres. However, modern landscape modifications including a number of sports fields, the Crawford Aquatic Center, parking lots, cement walking paths, a playground, pavilion, bathrooms, and a City of Dallas Park and Recreation Maintenance Facility exist within the park boundary and project area. As Crawford Memorial Park has never been …

Final Report For Archeological Survey Proposed Roadway Expansion Along Business (Bs) 71 East (71e), West Of La Grange, Fayette County, Yoakum District Csj 0265-14-008, Allen Bettis

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), AmaTerra Environmental, Inc. (AmaTerra) conducted an archeological survey for the proposed bridge construction along Business (BS) 71 East (71E) in La Grange at the Colorado River in Fayette County, Texas. Work consisted of visual inspection of the entire project area, including 100 percent pedestrian survey and excavation of 17 shovel tests and 11 backhoe trenches. Fieldwork was conducted May 15–17, 2019 by a team of two archeologists. Two archeological sites were recorded, consisting of a deeply buried isolated mussel shell concentration and a scatter of late nineteenth to early twentieth century …