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Articles 151 - 180 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Regional Economics
Seasonality, Nonstationarity And The Structural Forecasting Of The Index Of Industrial Production, Eugene Kouassi, Walter C. Labys, François B. Aka
Seasonality, Nonstationarity And The Structural Forecasting Of The Index Of Industrial Production, Eugene Kouassi, Walter C. Labys, François B. Aka
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper we focus on two ‘STS’ models suitable for forecasting the index of industrial production. The first model requires that the index be transformed with a first and seasonal difference filters. The second model considers the index in its second difference filter, while seasonality is modeled with a constant and seasonal dummy variables. Tests designed to discriminate empirically between these two models are also conducted. Our results prefer the performance of the second model, particularly when the conventional ML estimation procedure is replaced by the ALS procedure. This process together with appropriate seasonal adjustment advances the possibility of …
Heterogeneity And Chaotic Dynamics Incommodity Markets, Catherine Kyrtsou, Walter Labys, Michael Terraza
Heterogeneity And Chaotic Dynamics Incommodity Markets, Catherine Kyrtsou, Walter Labys, Michael Terraza
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The nonlinear testing and modeling of economic and financial time series has increased substantially in recent years, enabling us to better understand market and price behavior, risk and the formation of expectations. Such tests have also been applied to commodity market behavior, providing evidence of heteroskedasticity, chaos, long memory, cyclicity, etc. More recently the evaluation of empirical financial models suggests that chaotic structure in asset prices can result from the heterogeneity of trader’s expectations. The present evaluation of futures price behavior confirms that the resulting price movements can be random, suggesting noisy chaotic behavior. The root cause of this behavior …
Murder, Nonnegligent Manslaughter, And Spatial Autocorrelation In Mid-South Counties, F Carson Mencken
Murder, Nonnegligent Manslaughter, And Spatial Autocorrelation In Mid-South Counties, F Carson Mencken
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper we explore to what extent murder and violent crime rates in the mid-South are spatially autocorrelated with a variety of county-level spatial association measures. The analysis shows that while statistically the murder and violent crime rates in the mid-Southern counties are spatialy associated, the degree of clustering among these counties is minimal-especially when compared to clustering among the significant predictors of violent crime (percent black, female headed households, percent in poverty, etc.). The analysis has important implications as to how county violent crime rates are being modeled.
High School Dropouts: Implications In The Economic Development Of West Virginia, Semoa C. B. De Sousa, Tesfa Gebremedhin
High School Dropouts: Implications In The Economic Development Of West Virginia, Semoa C. B. De Sousa, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
An ordinary least squares (OLS) regression method was used to evaluate the relative importance of high school dropout rates and other economic factors that could explain the economic development in West Virginia, as represented by the employment rates. The empirical results revealed that an increase in the high school dropout rates and the State GDP increased the employment rates while the increase in unemployment compensation decreased employment rates. Thus, the increase in the employment rates may likely be on unskilled and low paying jobs.
Training Needs Of Affordable Housing Nonprofits: How To Develop “Better Total Management”?, G Stevenson Smith
Training Needs Of Affordable Housing Nonprofits: How To Develop “Better Total Management”?, G Stevenson Smith
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The following report analyzes the data collected from two surveys as that data relates to the training needs of affordable housing non profits (AHN). The first survey was administered in March to nonprofit managers attending a seminar in Charleston. The second survey is a collection of audio taped phone interviews with the executive directors of 28 AHNs conducted in July. The purpose of both surveys was to collect data about the training needs of AHNs in the State of West Virginia. In addition the first survey collected background information about business practices, funding sources, and computer/software usage. Although the first …
Locational Differences In The Underlying Characteristics Of Poverty, Brian Cushing, Buhong Zheng
Locational Differences In The Underlying Characteristics Of Poverty, Brian Cushing, Buhong Zheng
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
We explore how poverty differs between urban and rural areas and among U.S. regions, using metropolitan versus nonmetropolitan to proxy urban versus rural. Our study focuses on social and demographic characteristics, rather than economic characteristics. We are concerned with which personal characteristics appear to increase the risk of poverty, regardless of whether these characteristics manifest themselves through unemployment, low-wage employment, or some other economic problem that ultimately leads to poverty. Using data for the working-age population from the one percent Public Use Microdata Sample of the 1990 Census of Population and Housing, we find significant differences in predictors of …
The Origins Of Devolution: A Speculative Note, Scott Loveridge
The Origins Of Devolution: A Speculative Note, Scott Loveridge
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Why is devolution gaining strength both in the United States and in other highly developed countries? This note looks at broad social and economic trends that may be contributing to the movement toward more local control of government operations. Among the points discussed are: the end of the cold war; the information age, the booming economy, the increasing globalization of the economy, the rise of the south; and society’s increased understanding of environmental issues. A concluding section comments on what it all means for regional scientists.
Locating Gender In Rural Economic Networks, Ann M. Oberhauser
Locating Gender In Rural Economic Networks, Ann M. Oberhauser
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In recent decades, increasing entrepreneurial activities among women have contributed to shifting livelihood strategies at the household, community, and regional scales. In this paper I examine home based work in an economic network to highlight the intersection of gender and economic practices in rural Appalachia. The research demonstrates that these livelihood strategies both construct and are shaped by dynamic material conditions and social processes in place. Economic restructuring in the central Appalachian region has led to the reworking of economic strategies, despite a continued reliance by households on homework and informal activities. The case study for this project as an …
A Multi-Sector Export Base Model Of Long-Run Regional Economic Growth, Brian Lego, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Brian Cushing
A Multi-Sector Export Base Model Of Long-Run Regional Economic Growth, Brian Lego, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Brian Cushing
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The relationships between intersectoral export and local employment and regional economic growth are analyzed in a long-run equilibrium framework. Dynamic location quotients decompose regional employment into export and local components for multiple sectors. Johansen’s Full-Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) approach is used to identify the existence and resultant rank of the co-integrating relationship between sectoral export and local employment in West Virginia’s four metropolitan areas. Empirical results indicate inter-sectoral basic and non-basic employment form a co-integrating system of equations. Furthermore, this analysis shows that inter-sector shocks to local and export employment may cause multipliers to be positive or negative in magnitude.
Using Gis To Identify High Value Areas In Large Coal Resources, Thomas F. Torries, Jeffrey Kern
Using Gis To Identify High Value Areas In Large Coal Resources, Thomas F. Torries, Jeffrey Kern
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Identifying high value areas of unmined coal when large quantities of coal are available relative to annual markets is difficult because of the uncertainty of when the coal is to be mined. A GIS based methodology developed to value reserve coal in a producing coal region for the purpose of ad valorem taxation also identifies high value areas for mining investment. The methodology is unique in that it accounts for most mining, environmental, and market factors to determine when specific properties are to be mined The methodology and database are useful for directing regional exploration and acquisition activities toward most …
Measuring The Impacts Of Health Care On Rural Counties: Hospitals And Clinics In Preston County, Alyse Schrecongost
Measuring The Impacts Of Health Care On Rural Counties: Hospitals And Clinics In Preston County, Alyse Schrecongost
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Quality health care systems are important to a community’s health interests, but they also play an important role in a community’s economic vitality. This paper reviews some
contemporary challenges facing rural health care systems due to changes in the health care industry, the health insurance industry, the national economy, and reforms of social benefit
programs. Using Preston County, West Virginia as a case study, the paper illustrates the link between rural economic vitality and quality, accessible healthcare systems. Furthermore, this
paper demonstrates the need for active community involvement in local health care decisionmaking processes. It also provides a variety of …
Local Academic Knowledge Spillovers And The Concentration Of Economic Activity, Attila Varga
Local Academic Knowledge Spillovers And The Concentration Of Economic Activity, Attila Varga
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Agglomeration effects on the intensity of local knowledge spillovers from universities to high technology innovations are examined within the modified Griliches-Jaffe knowledge production function framework. Estimations are carried out at the level of US metropolitan areas. Concentration of high technology employment turns out to be the most important factor promoting local academic knowledge spillovers. It is found that a “critical mass” of agglomeration needs to be reached in order to expect substantial local economic effects of academic research spending.
Expressions Of Discontent In America: Regional And Temporal Aspects Of Third Party Governors And Gubernatorial Candidates, 1866-1996, Shannon Jones
Expressions Of Discontent In America: Regional And Temporal Aspects Of Third Party Governors And Gubernatorial Candidates, 1866-1996, Shannon Jones
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Democrats and Republicans traditionally dominate elections in America. The main goal of this project lies in determining if support for third parties exists and if certain third party support patterns exist within the United States. This project examines gubernatorial elections beginning with 1866 and continuing through 1996. This research does demonstrate that third party support has definite patterns and characteristics. Certain third parties rise up and exist for definite periods of time. Eventually they lose their support or their cause loses its salience. However, it remains one huge cycle: prevalent parties appear, and then disappear, making way for other parties …
Federal Spending And Economic Growth In Appalachian Counties, F Carson Mencken
Federal Spending And Economic Growth In Appalachian Counties, F Carson Mencken
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper I use a model informed by key theories of regional processes, and I test three related hypotheses concerning the effects of different types of federal spending (public investment, defense, salaries/wages) on economic growth in the 399 Appalachian counties during recent business cycles. The analysis incorporates a maximum likelihood estimate spatial lag regression model and shows the federal public investment spending and defense spending exerted net positive effects on per capita income, civilian employment, and private nonfarm employment growth rates between 1983 and 1988. In addition, public investment spending had a positive relationship with percentage of earnings from …
Gendered Livelihood Strategies In Rural South Africa And Appalachia, Ann M. Oberhauser
Gendered Livelihood Strategies In Rural South Africa And Appalachia, Ann M. Oberhauser
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper examines the contextual nature of gendered livelihood strategies through a comparative study of rural women”s producer groups in former homelands of South Africa and Appalachia. This comparative approach situates gendered livelihood strategies in distinct local contexts that are constituted by specific historical dynamics and cultural relations. Producer groups are defined here as cooperatives, networks, and other collective economic activities that generate income for households and are part of community-based economic strategies. The discussion focuses on the link between socio-economic conditions and gendered livelihood strategies and the economic viability of these producer groups as sustainable income-generating activities, especially in …
An Economist's Perspective On Urban Design, Scott Loveridge
An Economist's Perspective On Urban Design, Scott Loveridge
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
No abstract provided.
Local Economic Development As A Game: We’Re Caught In A Trap, I Can’T Walk Out …, Stephen Ellis, Cynthia Rogers
Local Economic Development As A Game: We’Re Caught In A Trap, I Can’T Walk Out …, Stephen Ellis, Cynthia Rogers
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper uses game theory to analyze the practice of offering incentives to attract new firms to localities. It demonstrates that in trying to attract firms localities are faced with something like a prisoner’s dilemma: they are compelled to offer incentives but would be better off if they could agree not compete for firms. The dilemma that localities face explains why the bidding war for firms continues to escalate despite calls by economists and politicians for disarmament.
Sense Of Community And Neighbourhood Form: An Assessment Of The Social Doctrine Of New Urbanism, Emily Talen
Sense Of Community And Neighbourhood Form: An Assessment Of The Social Doctrine Of New Urbanism, Emily Talen
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
New urbanism , an umbrella term which encompasses `neotrad itional development’ as well as `traditional neighbourhood design’, lives by an unswerving belief in the ability of the built environment to create a `sense of community’. The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the social doctrine of new urbanism can be successfu lly supported or at least integrated with the social science literatu re which deals with the question of com munity form ation . Towards this goal, the paper ®rst delineates the social doctrine of new urbanism, and then discusses the conceptual fram eworks and empirical ®ndings that …
Wavelet Analysis Of Commodity Price Behavior, Russell Davidson, Walter C. Labys, Jean-Baptiste Lesourd
Wavelet Analysis Of Commodity Price Behavior, Russell Davidson, Walter C. Labys, Jean-Baptiste Lesourd
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
We propose a form of semi-nonparametric regression based on wavelet analysis. Traditional time series methods usually involve either the time or the frequency domain, but wavelets can combine the information from both of these. While wavelet transforms are typically restricted to equally spaced observations an integer power of 2 in number, we show how to go beyond these constraints. We use our methods to construct ‘patios’ for 21 important international commodity price series. These graph the magnitude of the variations in the series at different time scales for various subperiods of the full sample.
Measuring The Public Realm: A Case Study, Emily Talen
Measuring The Public Realm: A Case Study, Emily Talen
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Urban planners are vitally interested in the role, meaning, and use of public space. The recent trend toward building neighborhoods and towns according to the doctrine of new urbanism - a movement which seeks to promote sense of community by adhering to certain principles about the physical arrangement of space - brings the debate about the use of public space and its effect on social life to the forefront. New urbanism stresses the need to resurrect a more civic focus in town planning principles via the provision of public space ( Kunstler, 1996 ; Hochstein, 1994), a view based on …
Social Contacts And Job Searching: Does Gender Of Contact Matter?, F Carson Mencken
Social Contacts And Job Searching: Does Gender Of Contact Matter?, F Carson Mencken
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this study, I investigate how the gender of the social contact women use to find jobs affects the gender composition of the jobs that women find. Using a subsample of women in the Metropolitan Employer Worker Survey, I test two competing hypotheses about the effects of gender of social contact using multivariate logistic regression. Controlling for a range of individual, household, occupation/industry and organization variables, the analysis shows that females are significantly less likely to find female dominated jobs when they find their jobs through male contacts, compared to female contacts. Moreover, I also show that traditional measures of …
The Effects Of Federal Spending On Earnings Change In Appalachia, F. Carson Mencken, James H. Noonan
The Effects Of Federal Spending On Earnings Change In Appalachia, F. Carson Mencken, James H. Noonan
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper we investigate the effects of federal spending on earnings change in Appalachian counties during the 1983-88 recovery and 1989-92 recession. Specifically, we explore the effects of federal spending from grants/research, procurement, salary/wages and defense. The analysis controls for key concepts in the human ecology and new urban sociology. The dependent variables are earnings change for each business cycle from a shift-share analysis, which decomposes county earnings change into that from nationally declining industries. The analysis shows that federal spending has no effect on earnings change, when it is considered as an aggregate measure. However, when federal spending …
Linking Spatial Statistics With Gis: Operational Issues In The Spacestat-Arcview Link And The S+Grassland Link, Shuming Bao, Luc Anselin
Linking Spatial Statistics With Gis: Operational Issues In The Spacestat-Arcview Link And The S+Grassland Link, Shuming Bao, Luc Anselin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The extension of the functional capacity of geographic information systems (GIS) with tools for exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) has been an increasingly active area of research in recent years. In this paper, two operational implementations that link spatial analysis software with a GIS are considered more closely. They consist of a linkage between the SpaceStat software for spatial data analysis and the ArcView GIS (based on socalled loose coupling), and the S+Grassland Link between S-PLUS/SpatialStats and Grassland GIS (based on so-called close coupling). The emphasis is on the implementation of methods of exploratory spatial data analysis to describe spatial …
Regional Economic Effects Of University Research: A Survey, Attila Varga
Regional Economic Effects Of University Research: A Survey, Attila Varga
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Previous research is classified into four broad categories in this paper: the study of a university’s impact on the location choice of high technology facilities, the investigation of university impact on the spatial distribution of high technology production, the analysis of the spatial pattern of industrial research and development activities, and the modeling of local knowledge transfers emanating from academic institutions. It is found that the university effect on the location choice of high technology facilities depends on certain area characteristics. There is a strong evidence in the literature of local academic technology transfers. Regarding the effect of university technology …
Rao’S Score Test In Spatial Econometrics, Luc Anselin
Rao’S Score Test In Spatial Econometrics, Luc Anselin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Rao's score test provides an extremely useful framework for developing diagnostics against hypotheses that reflect cross-sectional or spatial correlation in regression models, a major focus of attention in spatial econometrics. In this paper, a review and assessment is presented of the application of Rao's score test against three broad classes of spatial alternatives: spatial autoregressive and moving average processes, spatial error components and direct representation models. A brief review is presented of the various forms and distinctive characteristics of RS tests against spatial processes. New tests are developed against the alternatives of spatial error components and direct representation models. It …
A Kalman-Filter Approach To Estimating The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Victor V. Claar
A Kalman-Filter Approach To Estimating The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Victor V. Claar
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The terms “NAIRU” and “natural rate of unemployment” are not interchangeable. Further, while there is a consensus that the NAIRU represents an empirical macroeconomic relationship, little agreement exists regarding what is meant by the “natural rate of unemployment.” This paper estimates the natural rate of unemployment, defined here as the unemployment rate corresponding to equilibrium in the labor market. Rather than employ a Phillips curve, the model utilizes a macroeconomic-principles-level decomposition of the unemployment rate into its cyclical and noncyclical components. We then evaluate the estimated natural rate series by examining its relationship to structural variables from the labor market.
A Spatial Analysis Of Southern Gubernatorial Elections: 1965-1997, Chuck Failing Iv
A Spatial Analysis Of Southern Gubernatorial Elections: 1965-1997, Chuck Failing Iv
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
For nearly a century the Democratic Party exerted an unmatched influence at all levels of government in the southern United States. This is particularly true in the eleven former Confederate states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. In turn, the policies and personalities of politicians and voters in the South played immense roles in shaping the national Democratic Party and national policies. This paper illustrates the dynamics of political change in the South at the gubernatorial level, and quantifies the magnitude of change over time with statistical analysis.
Measuring Governors’ Effectiveness: A Control Group Study, Brad Keller
Measuring Governors’ Effectiveness: A Control Group Study, Brad Keller
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This research sought empirical evidence that the policies of celebrated governors of Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and Arkansas led to increases in employment in their state. The counties of those states were matched with counties from other states based on variables thought to affect economic growth. Differences between the matched pairs were then examined in seventeen major sectors. Little regional support was found for the conclusion that the policies stimulated the counties’ economies. The Pennsylvania counties lagged behind the match counties before the policies went into effect and continued to do so afterward. Massachusetts counties experienced relative growth in transportation and public …
Socioeconomic Performance In Metropolitan And Nonmetropolitan Areas During The 1980s, F. Carson Mencken, Joachim Singelmann
Socioeconomic Performance In Metropolitan And Nonmetropolitan Areas During The 1980s, F. Carson Mencken, Joachim Singelmann
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The socioeconomic gap between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas increased during the 1980s. We test three competing explanations for this trend during the 1980s: overdependence on manufacturing, especially in nonmetro labor markets, the emergence of producer services as a catalyst of socioeconomic growth, and federal spending. Using a model that is informed by a variety of perspectives in sociology and economic geography, and commuter zones (CZs) as spatial units of analysis, we estimate the effects of manufacturing concentration, producer service concentration, and federal spending on per capita income, per capita earnings, and private nonfarm employment growth during the 1983-1988 business cycle …
Agricultural Transformation In Rural Western Kenya: The Maize Crop In The Mt. Elgon Region, 1930-1950, Jennifer L. Hoskinson
Agricultural Transformation In Rural Western Kenya: The Maize Crop In The Mt. Elgon Region, 1930-1950, Jennifer L. Hoskinson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Between 1930 and 1950 the Kenyan colonial government began an experiment with maize by attempting to introduce it as a major cash crop in the Mt. Elgon geographical region of Western Kenya. Part of a larger campaign concerning African agriculture in general, the colonial government pursued various policies aimed at raising the price of African-grown maize and improving its production. Just as these policies began to provide an atmosphere favorable to African maize export growth, however, the colonial government reversed several of these policies. Using the case of maize in the Mt. Elgon region, this research illustrates how the failure …