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Articles 121 - 150 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Regional Economics
Estimating The Impact Of The Local Health Care Sector On A Rural Economy Using An Implan Based Sam, David W. Hughes, Tom Walker
Estimating The Impact Of The Local Health Care Sector On A Rural Economy Using An Implan Based Sam, David W. Hughes, Tom Walker
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
An IMPLAN-based social accounting matrix (SAM) is used to estimate health care sector impacts on the Morgan County (West Virginia) economy. The SAM is a hybrid of the IMPLAN-SAM, which has an inadequate linkage between industry payments to workers and resulting household spending. An income distribution matrix provides this linkage. This matrix is based on the 1990 Census Public Use Microdata dataset for money payments and on a variety of data sources that account for the distribution of non-money income. Output multipliers and results of a local hospital impact scenario are compared between the original and reformulated models.
A Survey Analysis Of Participation In A Community Forest Management In Nepal, Vishakha Maskey, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Timothy J. Dalton
A Survey Analysis Of Participation In A Community Forest Management In Nepal, Vishakha Maskey, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Timothy J. Dalton
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The main objective of the study is to determine which socio-economic factors affect levels of individual participation in the “Ludi-damgade” community forest. The empirical evidence for participation as a function of social status is obtained by using an ordered probit model. The model also estimates the marginal effects of socio-economic factors on different levels of participation suggesting how per unit change in such socioeconomic characters affects the level of participation. Results from the two-stage least squares model also verify that participation in forest management determines the level of benefits received from the community forest. The study suggests that participation in …
A Method For Testing Low-Value Spatial Clustering For Rare Diseases, Ge Lin, Tonglin Zhang
A Method For Testing Low-Value Spatial Clustering For Rare Diseases, Ge Lin, Tonglin Zhang
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper proposes a method that tests for the existence of low-value spatial clustering while accounting for the influence of high-value clustering. Although the method was developed in reference to the Tango test, it can be extended to other testing methods. The simulation results showed that the proposed method is able to effectively detect low-value clustering with substantially lower rates of type I errors than those of the Tango test, while maintaining comparable statistical power. Applying the method in a case study of leukemia in Minnesota demonstrated an overall tendency toward low-value clustering of leukemia mortality for males but provided …
Are Travel Demand Forecasting Models Biased Because Of Uncorrected Spatial Autocorrelation?, Frank Goetzke
Are Travel Demand Forecasting Models Biased Because Of Uncorrected Spatial Autocorrelation?, Frank Goetzke
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper discusses spatial autocorrelation in mode choice models, including what kind of bias it introduces and how to remedy the problem. The research shows that a spatially autocorrelated mode choice model, not uncommon because of, in terms of transit characteristics homogeneous neighborhoods, systematically overestimates transit trips from suburban transit-unfriendly areas and underestimates transit trips in the transit-friendly city center. Adding a spatial lag term into the model specification avoids the bias, however, it also changes sampling approaches, requires higher quality household forecast data and complicates forecasting.
Economics Of Natural Disasters: A Critical Review, Yasuhide Okuyama
Economics Of Natural Disasters: A Critical Review, Yasuhide Okuyama
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Significant progress has been made in recent years for modeling spatial economic impacts of disasters in a regional context (for example, Okuyama and Chang eds. Modeling the Spatial Economic Impacts of Disasters, forthcoming). While these advancements are more toward modeling strategies based on conventional frameworks, little has been dealt with the theory on economics of disasters, since the pioneering work by Dacy and Kunreuther (The Economics of Natural Disasters, 1969). In this paper, “The Economics of Natural Disasters” is reviewed and updated for providing a theoretical perspective toward disaster related research. The review is carried our through restructuring the framework …
The Impacts Of Walter Isard On Geography, Randall Jackson
The Impacts Of Walter Isard On Geography, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In the course of preparing this paper, which initially focused solely on identifying the impacts of input-output analysis on geography, a much broader perspective on the impacts of Walter Isard on geography ultimately emerged. In the tradition of input-output analysis, these impacts are grouped into direct, indirect, and induced effects, and summarized under the heading of influence. Walter Isard touched the lives of many through personal relationships, books and articles, and an energetic devotion to and enthusiasm for the creation of a regional science association. The Regional Science Association and its publications supported something of a greenhouse environment in which …
Scale And Unit Specification Influences In Harvest Scheduling With Maximum Area Restrictions, Alan T. Murray, Andrés Weintraub
Scale And Unit Specification Influences In Harvest Scheduling With Maximum Area Restrictions, Alan T. Murray, Andrés Weintraub
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This article examines alternative approaches for representing a forest region to be scheduled for harvesting, where the primary concerns are maximizing return and imposing a maximum contiguous area of disturbance restriction. One approach assumes that any two adjacent management units exceed a regulated maximum area of disturbance. An alternative approach recognizes that management units may be substantially smaller than the maximum area restriction, so simultaneously disturbing two neighboring units does not necessarily represent a maximum area violation. The distinguishing feature of these two approaches is the way in which a forest is spatially represented. A single time period, 351 management …
Economic Impacts Of Unscheduled Events: Sequential Interindustry Model (Sim) Approach, Yasuhide Okuyama, Geoffrey Hewings, Michael Sonis
Economic Impacts Of Unscheduled Events: Sequential Interindustry Model (Sim) Approach, Yasuhide Okuyama, Geoffrey Hewings, Michael Sonis
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Regional economic models have been challenged to incorporate with structural changes in the economy. Especially, when a structural change is sudden, unpredictable, yet extensive, such as damages from a natural disaster, conventional models can hardly confront such significant changes due to their assumption of incremental changes. Sequential Interindustry Model (SIM) is an extension of the input-output framework that enables to trace the production process and the path of the impacts. SIM is particularly useful to simulate the dynamic process of impact propagation and of structural changes after a catastrophic disaster. In this paper, the issues and extensions of SIM are …
Price Convergence On World Commodity Markets: Fact Or Fiction, James O. Bukenya, Walter C. Labys
Price Convergence On World Commodity Markets: Fact Or Fiction, James O. Bukenya, Walter C. Labys
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Recent attention to the use of commodity market derivatives as a vehicle for reducing the price risks of commodity exporting developing countries has renewed interest in the behavior of primary commodity prices separated by space. For some time a common belief has existed that commodity prices have converged over the last several decades on world markets. Increases in communications, central bank activities and globalization are cited as reasons as to why prices in spatially dispersed markets should become closer. However, the interrelations between business cycles and price instability are likely to reduce this possibility. To analyze this hypothesis, we utilize …
Competition And Complementarity In Local Economic Development: A Nonlinear Dynamic Approach, Richard Healy, Randall Jackson
Competition And Complementarity In Local Economic Development: A Nonlinear Dynamic Approach, Richard Healy, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Competition for local economic development has increased dramatically in the past 20 years. This competition is in many cases extremely costly to states and communities, while the benefits are uncertain. If regions whose economic fortunes are complementary could work with instead of against one another, costs of competition could be eliminated, while returns to economic development investments could be enhanced. This paper presents a method by which the underlying spatial economic relationships among areas within a region can be identified. Economic development policy can then be guided by the identification of the competitive or complementary links that exist among areas. …
Race, Migration, And The Social Welfare System During The 1950s And 1960s: How Research Can Mislead The Public Debate, Brian Cushing
Race, Migration, And The Social Welfare System During The 1950s And 1960s: How Research Can Mislead The Public Debate, Brian Cushing
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
A large body of empirical research has concluded that, at least during the 1950s and 1960s, the effect of welfare benefits on migration differed significantly by racial group, with blacks being attracted by and whites repulsed by areas that provided high welfare benefits. This study revisits the issue of racial differences in attractiveness to interregional differences in welfare benefits, using data from the U.S. Census of Population and a simultaneous equation model of state-to-state migration that accounts for a variety of economic, amenity, and spatial factors. In contrast to most previous empirical work, there is no statistically significant evidence that …
Parametric And Non Parametric Testing For Income Convergence, James O. Bukenya, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Parametric And Non Parametric Testing For Income Convergence, James O. Bukenya, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper examines the degree to which per capita incomes have converged across counties in West Virginia over the last thirty years. The increase in government transfers and, possibly, other government assistance programs would suggest that incomes in spatially dispersed regions/counties within nation-state should become similar over this period. However, the interrelation between business cycles, migration, employment structure and changes in per capita earnings over time reduces this possibility. Comparable county data are obtained for two dissmilar regions: southern and eastern panhandle. The empirical results differ across the different measurement techniques used, but in general, the findings concur with the …
Modeling Migration Effects On Agricultural Lands: A Growth Equilibrium Model, Yohannes G. Hailu, Randall S. Rosenberger
Modeling Migration Effects On Agricultural Lands: A Growth Equilibrium Model, Yohannes G. Hailu, Randall S. Rosenberger
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Growth in population and employment can result in increased demands on agricultural land for non-agricultural uses. This study develops a growth equilibrium model at the county-level for the state of West Virginia. Each growth model is a structural equation model that addresses the endogeneity of population densities and employment densities. Three single-decade models are specified – 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s using a two-stage least squares regression technique. Each model is unique, reflecting changing population and economic structures over time. For West Virginia, our results suggest that jobs follow people. Population density in 1990 was positively related to areas with higher …
Structural Change Of The Chicago Economy: A Temporal Inverse Analysis, Yasuhide Okuyama, Michael Sonis, Geoffrey Hewings
Structural Change Of The Chicago Economy: A Temporal Inverse Analysis, Yasuhide Okuyama, Michael Sonis, Geoffrey Hewings
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Earlier study (Sonis and Hewings, 1998) proposed an alternative tool that can assist in exploiting trends and uncovering tendencies in individual sectors or groups of sectors within the context of an economy-wide system of accounts. In this paper, the methodology, Temporal Leontief Inverse Analysis, is applied to a set of annual input-output tables for the Chicago metropolitan economy during the period of 1980-97. The results are compared to the earlier analysis (Hewings et al., 1998, Okuyama et al., 2002a, and Okuyama et al. 2002b) to examine the method and to investigate further the structural changes of the Chicago economy.
Linking Economic Model And Engineering Model: Application Of Sequential Interindustry Model (Sim), Yasuhide Okuyama, Hyunwoo Lim
Linking Economic Model And Engineering Model: Application Of Sequential Interindustry Model (Sim), Yasuhide Okuyama, Hyunwoo Lim
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
A conventional approach to model the regional economic impacts of a catastrophic disaster has been to employ the results from an engineering model, such as lifeline network model, in an economic model, for example input-output framework or computable general equilibrium model. However, due to the differences in modeling scheme between economic and engineering models, this type of data feed creates problems regarding sensitivity and dynamics of the impacts. In this paper, Sequential Interindustry Model (SIM) is used to disaggregate the process of production chronology to become more sensitive to the changes/damages of economic activities under a disaster situation. SIM is …
A Spatial Logit Association Model For Cluster Detection, Ge Lin
A Spatial Logit Association Model For Cluster Detection, Ge Lin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper, I propose a logit spatial association model for binary spatial events and develop a scan algorithm to search for spatial associations. I extend the traditional logit model with spatial autocorrelated component so that the model includes not only known risk factors, but also spatially autocorrelated regions as a control or explanatory factor. The case study of West Virginia Lung Cancer shows that the model effectively captures cool and hot spots in lung cancer mortality.
Constructing Us Interregional Sams From Implan Data: Issues And Methods, Randall Jackson
Constructing Us Interregional Sams From Implan Data: Issues And Methods, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Many issues arise in the construction of interregional SAMs. In the US, a convenient point of departure is the foundation provided by commodity-by-industry subnational SAMS that can be generated from IMPLAN data. Unfortunately, because the SAMs are generated independently, there is no guarantee of consistency with known national totals. In particular, the sum of IMPLAN generated domestic regional exports across all regions will equal the sum of IMPLAN generated domestic regional imports only by chance. Additionally, while IMPLAN generates total domestic imports and total domestic exports for each region, the analyst must devise an acceptable method for distributing interregional domestic …
Interregion-Occupational Persistence And Dispersion: A Model Of Geographic And Occupational Mobility, Ge Lin, Christiadi
Interregion-Occupational Persistence And Dispersion: A Model Of Geographic And Occupational Mobility, Ge Lin, Christiadi
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper represents the first attempt to develop a set of loglinear models that synthesize gravity models of interregional mobility and loglinear models of occupational mobility. The development of the model is progressed from a simple two-way mobility table analysis to a three-way analysis that controls for one aspect of mobility while investigating another and eventually to a four-way analysis that simultaneously assesses the joint effect of occupational and geographic mobility. An example based on data from the 1970 United States census demonstrates that the models can effectively capture the joint effect of occupational and geographic mobility. The results show …
Towards An Understanding Of Types Of Public-Private Cooperation, Peter V. Schaeffer, Scott Loveridge
Towards An Understanding Of Types Of Public-Private Cooperation, Peter V. Schaeffer, Scott Loveridge
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Governments frequently join forces with private organizations. The focus of this article is on characteristics of sustained cooperative efforts that require a significant commitment of resources over an extended period. The authors observe that cooperators’ expected rewards and risks may influence the form voluntary cooperation will take. This article classifies public-private cooperation into four common forms and provides a conceptual framework for better understanding why cooperators choose a particular form of cooperation.
Reading Changes In Family Support Through Regional Development In China, Ge Lin
Reading Changes In Family Support Through Regional Development In China, Ge Lin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This article examines the degree to which the traditional family support system would be reshaped by the modernization and industrialization from a geo-developmental perspective. In particular, we examine the impact of rapid social changes and economic developments on family support for older parents in contemporary urban China to assess trends that might lead to a different path from the western style of old-age support purported by modernization theory. Based on the 1992 Survey on China’s Support Systems for the Elderly, the study divides the sample from three levels of economic development, which in turn, are used as proxies for developmental …
Socioeconomic Trends In Mining Dependent Counties In Appalachia, Melissa Latimer, F. Carson Mencken
Socioeconomic Trends In Mining Dependent Counties In Appalachia, Melissa Latimer, F. Carson Mencken
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
No abstract provided.
Dispositions For Lexicographic Preferences Of Evironmental Goods: Integrating Economics, Psychology, And Ethics, Randall S. Rosenberger, George L. Peterson, Andrea Clarke, Thomas C. Brown
Dispositions For Lexicographic Preferences Of Evironmental Goods: Integrating Economics, Psychology, And Ethics, Randall S. Rosenberger, George L. Peterson, Andrea Clarke, Thomas C. Brown
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper combines the psychometric methods of paired comparisons and environmental disposition measurement to explain seemingly lexicographic behavior in choice experiments. A paired comparison experiment is developed that measures economic values using a choice set composed of public goods, private goods, and sums of money. The method provides a detailed map of each respondent’s stated preferences, among the choice set elements. Two treatments are used that differ only on the range of the dollar magnitudes – Treatment A ranges from$10 to $700. Treatment B ranges from $10 to $9,000. In either treatment, a proportion of the respondents potentially exhibit lexicographic …
Rationality, Decision Theories, And Thresholds: Implications For Environmental Valuation, Randall S. Rosenberger
Rationality, Decision Theories, And Thresholds: Implications For Environmental Valuation, Randall S. Rosenberger
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The purpose of this paper is to promote a discussion about different theories of rationality and models of individual decision making, as well as the role of thresholds in the valuation of environmental management and policy issues. The intent of this paper is to provide some conceptual distinctions between models and theories in order to develop experiments that empirically test one or more of the issues raised herein.
An Integrative Hierarchical Framework For Environmental Valuation: Value Pluralism, Thresholds, And Deliberation, Randall S. Rosenberger
An Integrative Hierarchical Framework For Environmental Valuation: Value Pluralism, Thresholds, And Deliberation, Randall S. Rosenberger
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
When assessing people’s values for the natural environment, a variety of methodological approaches may be required. This is because value pluralism negates the ability to reduce the various kinds of values to a single conception of value or super-value. Environmental valuation endeavors are defined by the question to be answered. However, for some people, the methodology employed may conflict with their perception of the issue and what values are most important to them, i.e., the methods employed are not globally incentive compatible with all modes of expressing one’s values. Therefore, any single disciplinary approach to environmental valuation may ignore these …
Quality Of Life Satisfaction: A Comparative Survey Analysis Of The Eastern Panhandle And Southern West Virginia Counties, James O. Bukenya, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Quality Of Life Satisfaction: A Comparative Survey Analysis Of The Eastern Panhandle And Southern West Virginia Counties, James O. Bukenya, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The main objective of this paper is to analyze and report quality of life survey responses from a random sample of over 1028 individuals from 21 counties in West Virginia. The survey responses are drawn from a quality of life survey conducted in 2000. Perhaps the most interesting observation from the responses was not that differences exist among counties but that, in all counties, the level of satisfaction was remarkably high (over 50%). Only small fractions of individuals were explicitly dissatisfied, surprisingly in counties with the highest growth levels in per capita incomes.
Comparing Three Spatial Cluster Tests From Rare To Common Spatial Events, Ge Lin
Comparing Three Spatial Cluster Tests From Rare To Common Spatial Events, Ge Lin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In the past few years, several new tests for spatial clustering have been proposed. With ever increasing capability of GIS and wider availability of spatial statistic functions, spatial analysts are likely to face challenge of properly using these tests. Seemingly gaps also exist between the development of new tests and follow up evaluations against various assumptions. In this research note, I compare three cluster tests along a range of distribution from rare to common spatial events. The results not only revealed sensitive data feature that each test is designed to detect, but also clarified the interpretation based on the nature …
Environment And Trade: A Review Of Issues And Methods, Haixiao Huang, Walter C. Labys
Environment And Trade: A Review Of Issues And Methods, Haixiao Huang, Walter C. Labys
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This survey attempts to provide an overview of the major issues concerning economic interactions between environmental and trade policies. Such a review is necessary because of the pressure that the accelerated pace of globalisation is placing on environment and trade. Not only is world trade increasing rapidly but global industrialisation related to trade has spawned severe environmental degradation. As a consequence, growing numbers of researchers have attempted to analyse the linkages between these areas. This study attempts to provide a perspective on received and future research by employing a dual approach economic studies of the major environmental and trade issues …
Disability Legislation: An Empirical Analysis Of Employer Cost, Beth A. Loy, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Disability Legislation: An Empirical Analysis Of Employer Cost, Beth A. Loy, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
As U.S. civil rights legislation, Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) was created to eliminate workplace discrimination on the basis of disability. Using the United States as an example, this research analyzes the potential for disability legislation to laden employers with excessive cost burdens, specifically expenses from additional workplace injuries and illnesses. In addition, this study looks at the likelihood that employers compensate for these costs by cutting workplace sick leave benefits. Prior to the ADA’s implementation, U.S. employers had the fear of incurring excessive cost. The paper successfully counters this fear by looking first …
Site Correspondence Effects In Benefit Transfers: A Meta-Analysis Transfer Function, Randall S. Rosenberger, Tim Phipps
Site Correspondence Effects In Benefit Transfers: A Meta-Analysis Transfer Function, Randall S. Rosenberger, Tim Phipps
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Several factors can affect the validity and reliability of benefit transfers. This paper proposes the existence of meta-valuation function and uses meta-regression analysis to estimate this function. The meta-valuation function controls for systematic effects of differences in sample and site characteristics on the magnitude of error associated with an experimental benefit transfer. Validity measures are derived through various specifications of multi-site and single-site travel cost demand models for hiking on a variety of trails in Colorado. The results show that some characteristics account for a large portion of error in the benefit transfer application. When the meta-regression analysis function is …
Growing The Economy Of Clay Country Through Industry Targeting: A Preliminary Analysis, David W. Hughes, Steven N. Zaricki
Growing The Economy Of Clay Country Through Industry Targeting: A Preliminary Analysis, David W. Hughes, Steven N. Zaricki
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
No abstract provided.