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Articles 91 - 120 of 213
Full-Text Articles in Macroeconomics
Money And Inflation: Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Mbutor O. Mbutor, Okafor Ifeanyi Izuchukwu, Ameh Oguche Sunday
Money And Inflation: Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Mbutor O. Mbutor, Okafor Ifeanyi Izuchukwu, Ameh Oguche Sunday
Bullion
The paper establishes the relationship between monetary policy and inflation.
Estimating A Small-Scale Macroeconometric Model (Ssmm) For Nigeria: A Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (Dsge) Approach, Charlse N.O Mordi, Michael A. Adebiyi
Estimating A Small-Scale Macroeconometric Model (Ssmm) For Nigeria: A Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (Dsge) Approach, Charlse N.O Mordi, Michael A. Adebiyi
CBN Occasional Papers
This paper attempts to develop a small scale macroeconometric model for the Nigerian economy using dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) methodology. Particular attention is paid to using impulse responses to explain the dynamic properties of the model. This model incorporates expectation as an anchor in the forward-looking monetary policy objective of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). It captures most of the channels through which policymakers believe monetary policy can influence a small open economy with a managed floating exchange rate. The model was taken to the data by means of Bayesian estimation with the following major findings. First, although …
Is The Philips Curve Useful For Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Carlos J. Garcia
Is The Philips Curve Useful For Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Carlos J. Garcia
CBN Occasional Papers
The objective of this article is to determine if the Phillips curve is a relevant tool to conduct monetary policy in African countries wishing to adopt an inflation-targeting regime. I choose Nigeria as a case of study because it is in the early stage of the implementation of this regime. I estimate a medium-sized model for monetary policy analysis. The model reflects a synthesis between the New Keynesian and the Real Business Cycle (RBC) approaches. Then I estimate the model by using Bayesian econometric technique in order to overcome the shortage of data availability. The study concludes that there is …
The Political Economy Of Currency Re-Denomination By Countries., Peter Nwaoba
The Political Economy Of Currency Re-Denomination By Countries., Peter Nwaoba
Bullion
In the view of the Bank, redenomination policy for Nigeria was not to translate to revaluation, as market forces were to continue to determine the prices, including interest rates and exchange rates, with the expectation that inflation will be low while exchange rate will appreciate. The objective of this paper is to articulate the reasons and conditions under which countries embark on currency redenomination exercises, and how successful these exercises had been over the years. The paper is descriptive with presentation based on literature reviews. Under the redenomination programme, banknotes were to be issued in denominations of new 50k (old …
The Performance Of Nigerian Stock Exchange Sectoral Indices: January 2009 December 2010, Alvan E. Ikoku, George Okorie
The Performance Of Nigerian Stock Exchange Sectoral Indices: January 2009 December 2010, Alvan E. Ikoku, George Okorie
Bullion
The paper reviews the performance of the sectoral indices during the first twenty-four months of their existence, i.e., between their inception in January 2009 and December 2010. The authors seek to examine not only the raw performance of the indices but also their risk-adjusted performance. The results of the analysis will facilitate the allocation of capital by institutional as well as individual investors in the Nigerian equity market. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses the transformation of the indices and their correlation. In section 3, we examine the nominal performance of the sectoral indices …
Impact Of Banking Sector Reforms On The Nigerian Capital Market (Equities)., Peter A. Adekunle
Impact Of Banking Sector Reforms On The Nigerian Capital Market (Equities)., Peter A. Adekunle
Bullion
Following the outcome of the Special Joint Examination by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC), ten banks were indicted, out of which two were asked to recapitalize, while the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and Directors of the remaining eight were removed by CBN based on mismanagement and poor corporate governance. In order to protect the investors as well as prevent unprecedented dumping of the shares of the listed seven banks, two weeks of full suspension was imposed on trading of their shares on the stock market at various times. This paper attempts to determine …
The Role Of Economic Community Of West African States (Ecowas) In Promoting Borderless Trade In West Africa., Adam J. Akperan, Sanni Ganiyu Kayode
The Role Of Economic Community Of West African States (Ecowas) In Promoting Borderless Trade In West Africa., Adam J. Akperan, Sanni Ganiyu Kayode
Bullion
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional group of fifteen countries, founded in 1975. Its mission is to promote economic integration in "all fields of economic activities, particularly industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, agriculture, natural resources, commerce, monetary and financial questions, social and cultural matters". This paper examines the role of CBN economy and monetary policies on the heels of borderless trade amongst the ECOWAS State. ECOWAS aims to promote peace, co-operation and integration in economic, social and cultural activity, ultimately leading to the establishment of an economic and monetary union through the total integration of the …
The Nigerian Financial Crisis: Lessons, Prospects And Way Forward, Charles N. O. Mordi
The Nigerian Financial Crisis: Lessons, Prospects And Way Forward, Charles N. O. Mordi
Bullion
This paper x-rays the recent banking sector crisis in Nigeria, its resolution, lessons learned and way forward. The paper is divided into six main sections. Following the introduction, section 2 highlights country experiences of banking crisis and resolution options, while section 3 gives an overview of financial crisis in Nigeria; section 4 discusses the recent financial crises in Nigeria (2000-2009), while section 5 presents the 2009 banking crises and its causes. The most recent reform measures are discussed in section 6. ln sections 7 and 8, the lessons of experience and the way forward are presented, while the concluding remarks …
Reforming The Nigerian Banking Sector: Some Emerging Issues., Biodun Adedipe
Reforming The Nigerian Banking Sector: Some Emerging Issues., Biodun Adedipe
Bullion
When the ongoing reforms of banking in Nigeria commenced, there were several arguments against the seeming harshness of the measures. As the revelations increased, the argument became the manner the revelations were made. All these pointed to the capacity of humans to resist change. lt was generally accepted that things went terribly wrong and some drastic steps needed to be taken. This paper examines existing and emerging financial reforms in the Nigeria banking sector. The outcome of the greed-induced crisis was not peculiar to Nigeria, as banks failed all around the world as their capital was eroded. There are obvious …
Banking Reforms For Effective Monetary Policy Transmissions., O. A. Uchendu
Banking Reforms For Effective Monetary Policy Transmissions., O. A. Uchendu
Bullion
This paper evaluates the effects of the recent banking sector in Nigeria on monetary policy transmission. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows: section two dwells on the transmission mechanism of monetary policy; section three examines the features of the banking sector that affect the conduct of monetary policy; section four presents banking sector reforms in Nigeria while section five examines the impact of the reforms on monetary policy. Section six presents the challenges while section seven concludes the paper.
Banking System Credit As An Instrument Of Economic Growth In Nigeria, Andrew O. Agbada
Banking System Credit As An Instrument Of Economic Growth In Nigeria, Andrew O. Agbada
Bullion
Globally, banks in developing countries are expected to play very vital and effective roles in financing their economic projects and activities as their contribution in ensuring sustainable economic growth. This expectation is as a result of the fact that there is acute shortage of capital in the developing countries of the world. ln this paper, attempt was made to address how banking system credit can be used as an instrument of economic growth in Nigeria. The specific objectives that banking system credit were expected to achieve were also stated. lt's was revealed that though credits have increased tremendously in recent …
Naira Convertibility: The Journey So Far, Moses K. Tule
Naira Convertibility: The Journey So Far, Moses K. Tule
Bullion
This paper examines the path to Naira Convertibility, the Journey so far. lt avers that convertibility is pursued by countries either as an economic management approach or as a tool for achieving higher reckoning on the global economic stage. Consequently, the examples of Argentina, Chile, Peru, Brazil, etc could fall in the first category while the Russian Rubble push could qualify for the second group. Nigeria's efforts at Naira convertibility would fall. The paper suggested that Nigeria should initiate a more realistic Naira convertibility programme through trade guarantees where it insists that imports from Nigeria from member ECOWAS members would …
An Overview Of Financial Sector Reforms And Intermediation In Nigeria, George Okorie, Uche J. Uwaleke
An Overview Of Financial Sector Reforms And Intermediation In Nigeria, George Okorie, Uche J. Uwaleke
Bullion
Financial systems all over the world play very important roles in the development and growth of the economy. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of the system as well as its scope and capacity varies quite considerably among economies. This is partly because of the varied levels of ,development. More developed financial systems tend to be associated with the more developed economies. This paper advocates the speedy adoption of international financial reporting standard for all Nigerian banks (currently in the pipeline). This reform, while by no means a cure-all for problems of bank transparency, would nonetheless be a significant step forward, …
Islamic Banking In Nigeria: Issues And Prospects, Ismaila S. Abdullahi
Islamic Banking In Nigeria: Issues And Prospects, Ismaila S. Abdullahi
Bullion
This paper analyzes the challenging issues and highlight the prospects of Islamic banking in Nigeria. Following this introduction is section two which discusses the evolution of Islamic banking including the basic principles as well as the products/services offered by the system. Section three reviews Islamic banking practices in Nigeria. Section four analyzes the challenging issues and highlights the prospects of practicing Islamic banking in Nigeria. Section five concludes the paper and proffers policy recommendations.
Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2010, Central Bank Of Nigeria
Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2010, Central Bank Of Nigeria
CBN Annual Report
2010 annual report reviews the operations of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and appraises the macroeconomic policies in 2010. the report is structured into two parts. Part 1 reviews the corporate operations of the bank, while the part 2 evaluates the performance of the economy against the challenges in both the thrust of monetary policy and other financial measures was to improve liquidity and enhance the efficiency and stability of the financial system without compromising the primary goal of monetary and price stability.
Central Bank Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December, 2009, Central Bank Of Nigeria
Central Bank Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December, 2009, Central Bank Of Nigeria
CBN Annual Report
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for the Year Ended 31st December, 2009 revealed that the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 6.7% YoY, compared to 6.0% in the previous year. This growth was driven by the non-oil sector, with the non-oil GDP growth rate of 8.3%. Within the non-oil sector, the agricultural sub-sector grew by 6.2%, while the whole-sector and retail sectors recorded growth rates of 11.5 and 10.5 per cent, respectively. The robust output recorded during the previous three years was driven by the government's optimism, which reflected in the oil …
Determinants Of Capital Flows In Nigeria And Challenges For Macroeconomic Stability, A. Englama, N. C. Oputa, G. K. Sanni, M. U. Yakub, O. Adesanya, Z. Sanni
Determinants Of Capital Flows In Nigeria And Challenges For Macroeconomic Stability, A. Englama, N. C. Oputa, G. K. Sanni, M. U. Yakub, O. Adesanya, Z. Sanni
Economic and Financial Review
Capital flows into developing countries in the 1960s through the 1980s were mainly in the form of overseas development assistant (ODS) to governments as well as private capital through domestic multinational bank. Nigeria, like unit developing countries, is characterized by a low' level of domestic savings and in order to attain a desirable level of investment that would guarantee sustainable development, the economy needs some foreign sayings to bridge the savings investment gap. These savings come in the form of 'new money’ or capital inflows which are expected to provide financial capital for economic activities. Foreign participation is directed associated …
Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2008., Central Bank Of Nigeria
Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2008., Central Bank Of Nigeria
CBN Annual Report
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN)'s 2008 report evaluates macroeconomic policies and outcomes, focusing on corporate operations and the economy's performance against domestic and external economic and financial developments. The CBN's monetary policy stance and banking and financial measures were deployed to ensure price stability and financial sector soundness. Despite the global economic downturn, the financial system remained relatively stable and overall macroeconomic performance was satisfactory. The formal financial system at end-December 2008 comprised the CBN, the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the National Insurance Commission, the National Pension Commission, and various banks. The banking sector …
Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2007, Central Bank Of Nigeria
Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2007, Central Bank Of Nigeria
CBN Annual Report
In 2007, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) faced significant challenges in monetary management due to statutory allocations to government tiers, autonomous foreign exchange inflows, and pre-election spending. These challenges were addressed through Open Market Operations (OMO), issuance of treasury securities, standing facilities, and foreign exchange swaps. The introduction of the monetary policy rate (MPR) in December 2006 moderated inter-bank rates, encouraged trading, and improved the transmission of monetary policy actions. The Bank intensified its non-regular management activities to ensure the Policy Support Instrument (PSI) target was met. The financial system at end-2007 comprised the CBN, the Nigeria Deposit Insurance …
Towards Inflation Targeting Framework For Monetary Policy In Nigeria: The Challenges For Central Bank Of Nigeria, M. Hugman
Economic and Financial Review
This article examines inflation with reference to Nigeria. As an emerging market environment. Part one outlines briefly the underlying mechanisms of inflation-management and general approaches to inflation targeting. Part two focuses on issues that specifically relate to inflation targeting (IT) in emerging markets, including the possible macroeconomic impact of the transition process. Part three considers the sequence and timing of the transition to IT in Nigeria, on the shift in exchange rate management required to achieve long-term price stability. Additionally, Nigeria-specific challenges are also addressed. The paper concludes by noting that both the time frame and coordination for a successful …
Currency Restructuring: The Role Of The Media., Festus O. Odoko
Currency Restructuring: The Role Of The Media., Festus O. Odoko
Bullion
One of the mandates of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as provided in the CBN Act of 1991 (as amended) is the issuance of legal tender currency. This paper examines the rationale for currency restructuring so as to elicit the buy-in and support of the media and in that way enhance the acceptability of the currency in economic transactions in Nigeria. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 outlines the major elements of currency restructuring, while section 3 discusses the critical success factors. In section 4 the role of the media is enunciated while section …
Understanding The Pension Reform Act(Pra) 2004, Adesina Balogun
Understanding The Pension Reform Act(Pra) 2004, Adesina Balogun
Bullion
Pension schemes exit to provide post-retirement I benefits to employees. Pension scheme was introduced into Nigeria during the Colonial era to provide old age income and security to British citizens working in the country upon retirement. This paper discussed the conceptual framework of Pension Reform Act 2004, the dynamics of Pension Reform Act of 2004, the implications and challenges of Pension Act of 2004 as well as feasible options for future developments. The study concluded that, The roles and functions of PFAs and PFCs are Pivotal to the success of the new defined contributory scheme. It behoves on them therefore, …
Overview Of Exchange Rate Management In Nigeria., Mike I. Obadan
Overview Of Exchange Rate Management In Nigeria., Mike I. Obadan
Bullion
The exchange rate is a key macroeconomic variable in the context of general economic policy making, and of economic reform programmes, in particular. It is a very important price which governments take very active interest in. However, two concepts of exchange rate are commonly distinguished: nominal exchange rate and real exchange rate. - The nominal exchange rate (NER) is a monetary concept which measures the relative price of two moneys or currencies, e.g., Naira in relation to the U. S dollar. - But the real exchange rate (RER), as the name implies, is a real concept that measures the relative …
Recent Reforms In The Nigerian Banking Industry: Issues And Challenges., U. Kama
Recent Reforms In The Nigerian Banking Industry: Issues And Challenges., U. Kama
Bullion
The banking industry around the world has witnessed remarkable changes in recent decades, given t h e i n c r e a s i n g w a v e o f globalization, structural and technological changes, and integration of financial markets. As McKinnon and Shaw (1973) observed in their seminar work on the key roles of banks as propel lands of growth and development in developing economies, a feeble banking system is repressive, distortionary and dis-connect the intermediation process thereby precipitating macroeconomic instability. The paper reviews the various reforms in Nigerian banking industry since 1986 particularly the complementary …
Overview Of Currency Management In Nigeria., K. S. Adeyemi
Overview Of Currency Management In Nigeria., K. S. Adeyemi
Bullion
This paper seeks to highlight the issues in currency management, identify the challenges of currency management in Nigeria, and situate the currency management reforms of the Central Bank of Nigeria in proper context. The paper is structured into six sections. Following the introduction, the key dimensions of the currency management function is highlighted in section 2. Section 3 reviews the major currency episodes in Nigeria while section 4 examines the shortcomings of the existing currency arrangements. Nigeria's reform effort in currency management is discussed in Section 5 and the paper is concluded in section 6 by observing that: as inflation …
Promoting The Use Of Coins In Nigeria., A O. Ikuseedun
Promoting The Use Of Coins In Nigeria., A O. Ikuseedun
Bullion
The main purpose of currency in any nation is to facilitate transactions and serves as a store of value. Currency is made up of banknotes and coins. While banknotes are expected to be used for relatively large value payments, coins are for low value ones. The paper examines the factors responsible for low usage of coins in Nigeria and suggest possible remedial measures. The paper observes that there had been a general low use of coins for retail transactions in Nigeria. This was reflected in the relative value of coins in circulation as against the value of currency which was …
Financial Liberalization And Savings Mobilisation In Nigeria., Emmanuel A. Onwoduokit
Financial Liberalization And Savings Mobilisation In Nigeria., Emmanuel A. Onwoduokit
Bullion
Financial liberation involves the elimination of credit, controls, deregulation of interest rates, easing of entry into the financial services industry, development of capital markets, increased prudential regulation and supervision, and liberalization of international capital flows. This paper assess the impact of financial sector reforms in Nigeria, especially on the development of the financial sector. Accordingly, the paper dwells on theoretical issues and brief review of literature and presented a brief analysis of financial sector reforms in Nigeria. Attempt is also made to assess the impact of the reforms. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the roles of the indicators that are studied …
Exchange Rate Stability And Poverty Reduction In Nigeria, Greg Nzekwu
Exchange Rate Stability And Poverty Reduction In Nigeria, Greg Nzekwu
Bullion
The paper discusses the role of macroeconomic policy in achieving social as well as macroeconomic objectives in attaining poverty reduction in Nigeria. Nigeria's economy is growing at an impressive rate compared to the historical. This reflects in part increased investor confidence due t o the improvement in macroeconomic management and positive dividends of the new found economic direction and general political stability. However, the renewed optimism is unlikely to be sustained if appreciable progress is not made to advance growth, general macroeconomic stability and poverty reduction. The reveals that, In order for growth to be poverty reducing, the link between …
Challenges Of Exchange Rate Volatility In Economic Management In Nigeria., Charles N.O Mordi
Challenges Of Exchange Rate Volatility In Economic Management In Nigeria., Charles N.O Mordi
Bullion
The motive behind initiating an exchange rate policy, an integral element of monetary policy, is to preserve the value of the domestic currency, maintain favorable external reserves and ensure the realization of price stability in the domestic economy. The pursuance of these goals is to ensure external balance without compromising the need for internal balance and macroeconomic stability. It is important that the monetary authority, in its bid to designing an appropriate and sustainable exchange rate policy framework, addresses issues that are fundamental to the introduction of the policy itself. This paper discussed the challenges of exchange rate volatility management …
Effective Reserve Management In Nigeria: Issues, Challenges And Prospects., M. Nda
Effective Reserve Management In Nigeria: Issues, Challenges And Prospects., M. Nda
Bullion
Effective management of foreign exchange reserves is one of the major macroeconomic objectives of countries like Nigeria. This is against the background of rapid rise and accumulated challenges currently facing many emerging economies especially oil producing countries. In Nigeria, the reserves has risen from USD4.99 billion in May 1999 to USD38.07 billion as at July 31, 2006 (see table 1). The paper examines the key issues, challenges and prospects of effective management of external reserves in Nigeria and how the Central Bank of Nigeria has fared in coping with these challenges. The recent accumulation of foreign reserves is not peculiar …