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Articles 31 - 60 of 88
Full-Text Articles in Labor Economics
Premature Exit From The Vocational Rehabilitation System, Catherine Ipsen, Rebecca Goe, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Premature Exit From The Vocational Rehabilitation System, Catherine Ipsen, Rebecca Goe, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Data from the 2009 Rebahilitation Services Administration Case Services Report (RSA 911) indicate that approximately 50% of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) consumers leave the system prematurely. Premature exits include case closures related to lost contact with the consumer due to inaccurate address, disconnected phone or consumer relocation (17.4% of cases); consumer refusal to continue services (17.2% of cases); or consumer failure to cooperate (15% of cases). Both the consumer and the VR system as a whole lose out when a consumer enrolls in services but drops out early. For the consumer, premature exit from VR services is correlated with worse economic …
Social Media Use Within State Vocational Rehabilitation Programs, Catherine Ipsen, Rebecca Goe, Kathy West-Evans, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Social Media Use Within State Vocational Rehabilitation Programs, Catherine Ipsen, Rebecca Goe, Kathy West-Evans, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Increasingly, employers use company websites, job boards, and social networking sites to recruit and evaluate potential employees. In 1997, newspaper ads and employee referrals accounted for almost half of new business hires. Yet by 2009, online career sites replaced newspaper ads as a major source for new recruits (CareerXroads, 2010). Likewise, 75% of U.S. recruiters reported that their companies required online research of candidates, and 70% reported they had rejected candidates based on information found online (Bontke & Lawler, 2012).
Partial Disability System And Labor Market Adjustment: The Case Of Spain, Jose I. Silva, Judit Vall-Castello
Partial Disability System And Labor Market Adjustment: The Case Of Spain, Jose I. Silva, Judit Vall-Castello
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Although partially disabled individuals in Spain are allowed to combine the receipt of disability benefits with a job, the empirical evidence shows that employment rates for this group of individuals are very low. Therefore, in this paper we construct labor market model with search intensity and matching frictions in order to identify the incentives and disincentives to work provided by the partial disability system in Spain from the point of view of both disabled individuals and employers. According to the model, the high employment rate gap observed between nondisabled and disabled workers can be partially explained by the presence of …
Vocational Rehabilitation (Vr) Approaches To Job Development, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Vocational Rehabilitation (Vr) Approaches To Job Development, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) agencies provide a range of services to help people with disabilities become employed. How services are delivered, however, depends on several factors including client interests and abilities as well as economic opportunities within the local community. For better or worse, rural and urban clients face vastly different employment landscapes. For instance, USDA Economic Resource Service data indicate that rural people earn lower wages and experience lower employment rates (ERS, 2012). Rural counties also have fewer full-time jobs per capita, particularly in skilled labor sectors (ERS, 2012; Parker, 2003). Urban areas have higher employment rates in professional and …
Vocational Rehabilitation Service Delivery Using Telecommunication, Rebecca Goe, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Vocational Rehabilitation Service Delivery Using Telecommunication, Rebecca Goe, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Telecommunication offers a low cost solution to increasing client and counselor contact during the vocational rehabilitation (VR) process, particularly for clients at a distance from the VR office. Despite the advantage telecommunication provides, however, counselors report using email with fewer rural as compared to urban clients (Ipsen, Rigles, Arnold, & Seekins, 2012). In part, this may relate to counselor perceptions that rural clients have less Internet access than their urban counterparts (Ipsen et al., 2012). This disparity may be diminishing, however. Government incentives and public access in libraries and community centers are improving telecommunication infrastructure across the country, especially in …
Vocational Rehabilitation (Vr) Outreach To Rural Businesses, Rebecca Goe, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Vocational Rehabilitation (Vr) Outreach To Rural Businesses, Rebecca Goe, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
In the 1990s, new regulations within the Americans with Disabilitites Act (ADA) and concern over the changing labor market led rehabilitation experts to advocate for greater attention to employer needs within the job development process. (Gillbride & Stensrud, 1992). The resulting model is often called the dual customer approach becuase it positions both employers and people with disabilities as vocational rehabilitation (VR) customers. The goals of the dual customer approach were discribed in the 32nd Institute of Rehabilitation Issues (IRI) outlining the steps for developing a national VR business network (Anderson et al., 2006). These steps included delivering expertise and …
Contracted Job Development In Rural Communities: Vr Agency Perspectives, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Contracted Job Development In Rural Communities: Vr Agency Perspectives, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Legislation guiding VR service delivery provides flexibility regarding how services are organized and implemented. As a result, state VR agencies provide services in the context on their own resource parameters (e.g. budget and agency size) and geography. This natural variation allows for a variety of service delivery models to emerge, each with associated benefits and drawback. To date, however, there is little comparative evidence for evaluating rural service delivery practices. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted 82 qualitative interviews with VR informants from 48 state VR agencies including 17 general agencies, 12 blind/low vision agencies, and 19 combined agencies. …
Transportation: A Barrier To Successful Employment Outcomes Among Rural Vr Clients, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Transportation: A Barrier To Successful Employment Outcomes Among Rural Vr Clients, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
In testimony to the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee, Billy Altom, Executive Director of the Association of Programs for Rural Independent Living (APRIL) stated, "the lack of available, affordable, and accessible transportation is one of the most significant and persistent problems faced by people with disabilities...This is especially true in rural America." Lack of transportation translates into barriers in employment, health care access, and community participation among rural people with disabilities (Iezzoni, Killeen, & O'Day, 2006; Crudden, Sansing, & Butler, 2005). Recently, this was confirmed by Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) agency research participants, representing 48 VR agencies in 37 …
The Interaction Of Workforce Development Programs And Unemployment Compensation By Individuals With Disabilities In Washington State, Kevin Hollenbeck
The Interaction Of Workforce Development Programs And Unemployment Compensation By Individuals With Disabilities In Washington State, Kevin Hollenbeck
External Papers and Reports
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of Disability Management In North American Workers' Compensation Programs, H. Allan Hunt
The Evolution Of Disability Management In North American Workers' Compensation Programs, H. Allan Hunt
Reports
No abstract provided.
Workers' Compensation Reemployment Programs Options For Modifying The Pension System: Final Report, Peter S. Barth, H. Allan Hunt
Workers' Compensation Reemployment Programs Options For Modifying The Pension System: Final Report, Peter S. Barth, H. Allan Hunt
Reports
No abstract provided.
Disability Management: The Potential Benefits For The Feca Program, H. Allan Hunt, Rochelle Virginia Habeck
Disability Management: The Potential Benefits For The Feca Program, H. Allan Hunt, Rochelle Virginia Habeck
Presentations
No abstract provided.
First National Study Of People With Disabilities Who Are Self-Employed, Nancy Arnold Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute
First National Study Of People With Disabilities Who Are Self-Employed, Nancy Arnold Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
In the last twelve years, interest has steadily grown in self-employment for people with disabilities. In part, this is due to research showing that people with disabilities report self-employment at a higher rate than the general population, and that 20-25 percent of participants in special “Choices” demonstration projects funded by the Rehabilitation Services Administration were interested in starting businesses. In light of persistently high unemployment rates among people with disabilities, it appears that many have chosen to pursue self-employment. RTC: Rural researchers exploring self-employment as a rural employment option frequently field questions about business owners with disabilities: How many people …
Client Perspectives On The Use Of Telecommunications To Deliver Vr Services, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Client Perspectives On The Use Of Telecommunications To Deliver Vr Services, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Evidence shows that rural clients receive fewer Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) services than their urban counterparts (Ipsen, Rigles, Arnold, & Seekins, 2010; Johnstone, Price, Bounds, Schopp, Schootman, & Schumate, 2003). One explanation for this discrepancy is that travel to provide services to rural clients is costly and difficult to deliver on an as-needed basis. In fact, the costs associated with rural service delivery among 1,187 counselors amounted to $1.2 million in gas costs and represented 51,000 hours of staff time (Ipsen, et al., 2010). Increased use of telecommunications is one strategy to boost client and counselor contact during the VR process, …
A National Report On The Use Of Telecommunications To Deliver Vr Services, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
A National Report On The Use Of Telecommunications To Deliver Vr Services, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
It can be difficult for VR counselors to provide face-to-face services to rural clients. Large caseloads reduce counselors’ available travel time to travel to outlying rural communities, and rising fuel costs make such trips expensive (Metzel & Giordano, 2007; Riemer-Reiss, 2000). Telecommunications can increase counselor-client accessibility and provide flexibility to supplement face-to-face services. Telecommunications refers to a variety of information technology (IT) that allows people in different locations to engage with one another, while reducing boundaries of time, distance, and location. Access to telecommunication services, however, may be limited. For instance, people living in rural areas may lack access to …
Findings From A Study Of The Working Well With A Disability Program, Catherine Ipsen, Charles Asp, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Findings From A Study Of The Working Well With A Disability Program, Catherine Ipsen, Charles Asp, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
People with disabilities are employed at a rate of 36.9%, compared to 79.7% for people without disabilities (Erickson & Lee, 2008). Lack of accessible transportation, social insurance disincentives, and negative attitudes by employers are cited reasons for this disparity. People with disabilities also describe secondary health conditions as a barrier to employment (Ipsen, Seekins, & Arnold, in press; Kaye, 2009). Secondary conditions are health issues that are intensified by primary disability, including conditions such as chronic pain, fatigue, pressure sores, weight problems, and depression. Because access to health promotion programs typically occurs at the worksite, it’s troublesome that secondary conditions …
Why Some Vocational Rehabilitation Clients Leave The System Early, Bethany Rigles, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Why Some Vocational Rehabilitation Clients Leave The System Early, Bethany Rigles, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Almost half of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) clients leave the system before completing services. This situation, called “premature exit,” includes cases when clients refuse to continue services or fail to cooperate, as well as when VR loses touch with clients because of inaccurate contact information. Premature exits are a problem for both clients and agencies. Clients who prematurely exit the system experience worse economic outcomes than clients who stay and become employed (Hayward & Schmidt-Davis, 2003). For agencies, premature exits translate into significant costs without positive employment outcomes. In 2006 alone, VR spent more than $207.5 million on cases closed as …
Washington Pension System Review, H. Allan Hunt
Counting Working-Age People With Disabilities: What Current Data Tell Us And Options For Improvement, Andrew J. Houtenville Editor, David C. Stapleton Editor, Robert R. Weathers Editor, Richard V. Burkhauser Editor
Counting Working-Age People With Disabilities: What Current Data Tell Us And Options For Improvement, Andrew J. Houtenville Editor, David C. Stapleton Editor, Robert R. Weathers Editor, Richard V. Burkhauser Editor
Upjohn Press
This book offers a systematic review of what current statistics and data on working-age people with disabilities can and cannot tell us, and how the quality of the data can be improved to better inform policymakers, advocates, analysts, service providers, administrators, and others interested in this at-risk population.
Working Well With A Disability, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Working Well With A Disability, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Secondary conditions are health problems that exacerbate or intensify limitation caused by a primary impairment. They affect an individual’s physical, medical, emotional, and psychological well-being. Untreated secondary conditions may cause acute medical episodes or severe health conditions that limit normal activities of daily living (DeVivo, 1998; Ipsen, 2006). Several research studies report that the probability of employment is lower for people who experience secondary conditions such as depression, pain, anxiety, sleep problems, fatigue, and feelings of isolation (Crisp, 2005; Ipsen & Seekins, 2008). Fortunately, many secondary conditions are manageable through health promotion behavioral interventions that improve healthy lifestyle behaviors. Although …
Washington Pension System Review, Peter S. Barth, Heather Grob, Henry George Harder, H. Allan Hunt, Michael Silverstein
Washington Pension System Review, Peter S. Barth, Heather Grob, Henry George Harder, H. Allan Hunt, Michael Silverstein
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
The purpose of this study is to analyze the incidence of Total Permanent Disability (TPD) pensions in Washington State's workers' compensation program. Concerns exist at both the legislature and in the Department of Labor and Industries as there appears to have been a sharp upturn in the number of pensions awarded since late in the 1990s. This report examines the factors that may be causally related to any upsurge in such awards. Our task is to evaluate pension incidence for both the state fund and the self-insured populations, with a view towards identifying causes of the trend in both sectors, …
Older And Out Of Work: Jobs And Social Insurance For A Changing Economy, Randall W. Eberts Editor, Richard A. Hobbie Editor
Older And Out Of Work: Jobs And Social Insurance For A Changing Economy, Randall W. Eberts Editor, Richard A. Hobbie Editor
Upjohn Press
The chapters in this volume, originally presented at a conference organized by the National Academy of Social Insurance, come from a group of policy experts who advance our understanding of the labor market experiences of older workers while pointing out that current workforce programs often leave this growing population underserved.
Building The Case: Health Promotion For Vocational Rehabilitation Consumers, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Building The Case: Health Promotion For Vocational Rehabilitation Consumers, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
A new line of research for the Research and Training Center on Disability in Rural Communities (RTC: Rural) focuses on the role of secondary conditions and health promoting lifestyle behaviors in obtaining and maintaining employment for adults with physical disabilities. This line of research started with Ipsen (2006) conducting an analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. She found that individuals who reported lower rates of secondary conditions and/or who practiced better lifestyle behaviors had a higher probability of being employed after controlling for demographic characteristics including age, gender, race, education, and disability severity. Past research has shown that …
Action Summit For The Advancement Of Capital Access To Entrepreneurs With Disabilities, Nancy Arnold Ph.D., Patti Lind, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Action Summit For The Advancement Of Capital Access To Entrepreneurs With Disabilities, Nancy Arnold Ph.D., Patti Lind, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Self-employment has several advantages for an individual with a disability, such as the flexibility to accommodate the person's disability, social and economic empowerment, and a non-discriminatory employment environment. However, without access to capital, these strengths cannot be realized. The Action Summer for the Advancement of Capital Access to Entrepreneurs with Disabilities (Capital Access Summit) facilitated the development of strategies and collaborations to promote access to capital for business owners with disabilities. The Capital Access Summit gathered 50 representatives from across the country to identify cross-cutting issues and make recommendations for promoting continued progress in self-employment of people with disability. Participants …
Safety Practices, Firm Culture, And Workplace Injuries, Richard J. Butler, Yong-Seung Park
Safety Practices, Firm Culture, And Workplace Injuries, Richard J. Butler, Yong-Seung Park
Upjohn Press
The authors present analysis of the impact of various HRM practices on firms’ workers’ compensation costs; specifically, which practices lower firms’ workers’ compensation costs and whether the impact is the result of changes in technical efficiency or comes through induced changes in workers’ behavior.
Workplace Injuries And Diseases: Prevention And Compensation - Essays In Honor Of Terry Thomason, Karen Roberts Editor, John F. Burton Editor, Matthew M. Bodah Editor
Workplace Injuries And Diseases: Prevention And Compensation - Essays In Honor Of Terry Thomason, Karen Roberts Editor, John F. Burton Editor, Matthew M. Bodah Editor
Upjohn Press
This book presents a set of essays from a group of leading scholars that provides a detailed overview of what is known about the disability insurance system while highlighting areas of the system that beg for greater understanding.
Health, Wealth And Workforce Exit: Disability Insurance And Individual Accounts, Jason S. Seligman
Health, Wealth And Workforce Exit: Disability Insurance And Individual Accounts, Jason S. Seligman
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Current debate on the Social Security Administrations long-term finance of benefits includes proposals for independent private investment via individual accounts. The author first investigates what implications disability might have for equity savings account balances. In light of results, incentives to exit the workforce ahead of retirement age are considered when a defined benefit program for disability insurance continues to be available. Included simulation uses historic wage series, equity market performance, and current OASDI regulations for cohorts retiring over the period of 1929 - 2003.
Rural Community Economic Development Project Update, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Rural Community Economic Development Project Update, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) counselors who serve rural areas report that limited employment opportunities for people with disabilities are a significant challenge. Many rural communities have marginal or fragile economies, but lack the resources to conduct economic development projects that could lead to business and employment growth. In Progress Report #13, we described an innovative program that helps VR agencies and people with disabilities take a leadership role in small-town economic development efforts. To date, RTC: Rural’s Community Economic Development Project has been implemented in two rural locations. The Project builds on the capacities of state/federal Vocational Rehabilitation agencies and people …
Linking Health, Secondary Conditions And Employment Outcomes, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Linking Health, Secondary Conditions And Employment Outcomes, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute
Employment
Health is important to securing and maintaining employment, but for many low-income or unemployed people access to health promotion programs is limited. This is a problem for many people with disabilities who do not work and who rely on Medicare or Medicaid to cover their healthcare costs. Without access to programs that promote health and reduce secondary conditions, people with disabilities may find it difficult to get a job or stay employed. This may be a factor in this group’s persistently high unemployment rates. Participation in worksite health promotion programs has been shown to (1) increase employee productivity through reduced …
Contrasting The Employment Of Single Mothers And People With Disabilities, David C. Stapleton, Richard V. Burkhauser
Contrasting The Employment Of Single Mothers And People With Disabilities, David C. Stapleton, Richard V. Burkhauser
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.