Labor Economics Commons^™

Tackling Formidable Industrial Pollution By Sophisticated And Eco- Friendly Technology, Aboobacker Sadiq E

International Review of Business and Economics

The contemporary environmental awareness has emerged primarily from the concerns in the late 19th century about protection of the countrysideinEuropeandthewildernessinthe United States and also from the health-issues ensuing the pollution during historic industrial revolution, took place in Britain in the 18th century. Its profound aftermaths such as climate change, urbanization, pollution and over- mining, etc. are challenging even the human existence, although there are certain benefits. It is no exaggeration to say that pollution will be a biggest cause of premature death since the estimations conclude that by 2050 there will be about 3.6 million deaths a year, most of …

Impact Of Air Pollution Among Labours In Chidambaram Block, S. Indradevi Ph.D.

International Review of Business and Economics

Air pollution stems gases and air borne particles which, in excess, are harmful to human health, buildings and ecosystems. Air pollutionindevelopingcountriesisderivednot only from stack emission of pollutants from relatively large industries, where inadequate pollution control measures exist and pollutants are allowed to escape to atmosphere. The kind of air pollution emitted vary from industry vary from industry to another, the concentrations of different pollutants in the atmosphere also vary widely from process to process, and from place to place with different geographic and climatic conditions.. In general, the workplace exposure levels are much higher than that the general population, because …

To Determine The Acute Toxicity Pesticide Of Malathion And Metabolic Activities And Respiratory Responses In Freshwater Fish Labeo Rohita, S. Nazerath Nisha, B. Geetha

International Review of Business and Economics

The water pollution of aquatic environment with wide array of pesticides has become a menace to the aquatic flora and fauna. The organophosphorus pesticide malathion has been widely used in agriculture for several crops such as paddy, cotton and vegetables to control serious insects and mites. These chemicals cause severe damage to aquatic ecosystem especially to fishes. The main aim and objective of present study is to evaluate the impact on protein and glycogen in fingerlings of Labeo rohita an economically important Indian major carp. The 96 hrs LC50 value of malathion for L.rohita was 9.0 ml/L. No mortality was …

Challenges Of Climate Change On Human Health, Sharon P.R., S. Seethalakshmi Ph.D.

International Review of Business and Economics

Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. Climate change is adversely affecting the human health. Maximum impact of global warming and climate change will be seen on underdeveloped and developing countries like India. In Indian context the implications of climate change are broadly classified into rising sea levels, increasing CO2 levels, rising temperatures and extreme weather conditions. Climate change affects the human health in various ways. In developing countries like India, the health sector and the infrastructural facilities are very weak. The impact of the human activity on climate system is the most serious environmental …

Effects Of Climate Change On Distribution, Freshwater Resources And The Economy- A Theoritical Assessment, G. Yoganandham Ph.D.

International Review of Business and Economics

Climate Change reveals the multi dimensional spheres of economic impact on the developing economy. The inherent nature of economic forecasting involves significant degrees of uncertainty, estimates of the results of global warming have varied widely. However, climate change impacts can be measured as an economic cost. This is particularly well-suited to market impacts, that is impacts that are linked to market transactions and directly affect Gross Domestic Product. Monetary measures of non-market impacts, like impacts on human health and ecosystems, are more difficult to calculate. Therefore protecting the forests, wildlife, climate, natural wealthandtheenvironmentarenowamatter of life and death for this world. …

Effect Of Alloxan Mixed Diet On Blood Parameters And Its Management By Silkworm Pupae Meal Diet In Common Carp, S. Radha, B. Geetha Ph.D.

International Review of Business and Economics

This paper presents a brief overview on the entry of alloxan into foods and its fatal link to blood parameter in carp. The management of silkworm pupae meal diet induced Alloxan blood parameter in carp. Five series of experiments were conducted to investigate the induced alloxan on blood parameter studied In the 8th series of experiments, utilization of Silkworm pupae meal diets on the reduction of alloxan toxicity on blood parameter, were estimated. The increase in the levels of alloxan decreases the Hb and RBC level where as WBC, Esr and Ht increases during the exposure period. Then treatment with …

Economic Valuation Of Hospital Waste Management, N. Yasotha Ph.D.

International Review of Business and Economics

Bio- Medical Wastes have become one of the most widespread and important environmental and public health issues and present day concern throughout the globe and as such, the problem has been recognized as one of the important issues towards abatement of pollution in the country along with the rest of the world. The main thrust of the present study is to evaluate the willingness to pay with specific reference to solid waste management in Hospitals. The study has analyzed three hospitals in the Chennai area, in Tamil Nadu. The main method of disposal of hazardous wastes is through incineration and …

Impact Of Air Pollution On Human Health, K. Suresh, N. Palaniraj Ph.D.

International Review of Business and Economics

Among the most pressing of today’s environmental issues is the pollution of air. Air is the breath of life, yet there many kinds of air pollution contributing to problems that range from human health issues to climate change. Air pollution can be defined as the presence of toxic chemicals or compounds in the air, at levels that pose a health risk. In an even broader sense, air pollution means the presence of chemicals or compounds in the air which usually not present and which lower the quality of the air or cause detrimental changes to the quality of life. Air …

The Economic Impact Of Natural Gas Capital Expenditures In West Virginia, Eric Bowen

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

No abstract provided.

Recent Research On The Minimum Wage: Implications For Missouri, Jonathan Meer

Center for Applied Economics

The minimum wage has long been a contentious policy issue, but particularly so in Missouri in recent years. When St. Louis raised its city minimum wage in 2015, with increases planned to $11 per hour by 2018, legal battles held up implementation and a state law eventually overrode the local ordinance. This essay delves into the sources of this policy dispute, first by examining the theoretical issues involved, then focusing on recent research, particularly regarding outcomes other than the traditional focus on employment outcomes. Using minimum wage increases as an anti-poverty policy is not likely to succeed. While the empirical …

Labor Market Freedom And Economic Prosperity: How Does Missouri Compare?, Dean Stansel

Center for Applied Economics

Government restrictions on workers and employers tend to have a dampening effect on their ability to thrive. There have been numerous studies of the relationship between state labor market restrictions and labor market outcomes (as well as economic outcomes in general). As theory would imply, that literature generally has found a positive relationship between labor market freedom and various measures of positive economic outcomes. After a discussion of the concept of economic freedom and how it is measured in labor markets, this paper briefly reviews that literature. It also provides a detailed examination of how Missouri compares to its neighboring …

The State Of The Missouri Economy And Workforce, Timothy J. Gronberg, Dennis W. Jansen, Lori L. Taylor

Center for Applied Economics

This article presents an overview of the state of the Missouri economy. We begin by assessing measures of economic output. Compared to the nation and to neighboring states, Missouri’s economy has hardly grown over the past 20 years. We identify several sources for this lackluster record. Perhaps one of the most important is the observation is that productivity in Missouri—output per worker—is lower than the national average. This poor productivity record quite possibly stems from two sources. One is problematic trends in labor force quality. A key factor here is a lack of commitment by the state to a higher …

Vocational Training Programs And Youth Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence From Nepal, S Chakravarty, M Lundberg, Plamen Nikolov, J Zenker

Economics Faculty Scholarship

Lack of skills is arguably one of the most important determinants of high levels of unemployment and poverty. In response, policymakers often initiate vocational training programs in efforts to enhance skill formation among the youth. Using a regression-discontinuity design, we examine a large youth training intervention in Nepal. We find, twelve months after the start of the training program, that the intervention generated an increase in non-farm employment of 10 percentage points (ITT estimates) and up to 31 percentage points for program compliers (LATE estimates). We also detect sizable gains in monthly earnings largely driven by women who start self-employment …

Reforming Educator Compensation, Michael Podgursky

Center for Applied Economics

While compensation accounts for roughly 90 percent of K-12 instructional costs, there is little evidence of efficient or strategic design in these systems. Rigid salary schedules reward factors generally unrelated to effectiveness, induce field shortages, and encourage inequitable allocation of professional staff. Deferred compensation systems impose sharp penalties on mobility, promote early retirement and generate large unfunded liabilities. Serious attempts to bring greater efficiencies to K-12 spending and raising teacher quality must confront the dysfunctional compensation system.

Business Economics: Data For Decision Making, Brian Barnier, Kevin Foster

Open Educational Resources

Syllabus for a course in data analytics for business economics, focusing on use of source data sets to answer the "why?" questions hidden in aggregate averages used in theory and "headline" news releases. Zero cost course using data available widely on the web. Optional texts are trade books available widely in libraries or used copies at low cost.

The Effects Of An Increasing Federal Minimum Wage On Federal Unemployment And Job Automation Levels, Kiana Krayeski

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The industrial revolution was the start of increasing technological advancements that are continuing to grow today. Technology improves accuracy, efficiency and is more productive in comparison to human labor as it does not require breaks and cannot violate any labor laws. With many innovations available today, firms have more options to choose from and can select the relatively cheaper solution. The push for a fifteen-dollar minimum wage affects the firm's options, and the use of technology might increasingly become the more viable choice. This study took data from the years 1993 to 2016 and created two regressions using the unemployment …

The Effect Of Unemployment On Democratic Warfare, Andres Rakower

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This study was done to see the effects of a war on the economy and the internal politics of the United States. In selecting the engagement, we would study we agreed the Iraq War would be aided by a large amount of sampling of public opinion that was more nuanced than in previous wars. The Iraq War was a very complicated war, as it was controversial from the beginning and became a political issue while continuing to be a war fought by Americans abroad. Based on the literature, there were many starting effects and assumptions that were accounted for such …

Beliefs Influencing Hiring Agents' Selection Of Qualified Autistic Candidates, Angela Marie Mai

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Qualified and capable working age autistics face an 83% unemployment rate, thus, straining the economy and deteriorating their quality of life. This research examines potential contributing factors by inquiring what hiring agents' beliefs may be influencing their selection of qualified autistic candidates. This quantitatively weighted, concurrent, mixed methods (QUAN > qual), multiple linear regression study measured the influence of hiring agents' control, normative, and behavioral beliefs upon their selection of qualified autistic candidates. Through the theoretical lens of Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, conceptually crystallized with other validated theories; a representative, simple, random probability sample of hiring agents throughout the contiguous …

Wage And Profit Rate Distributions, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Two models for relative income: CIR model, multitype product, and Yakovenko process [Handwritten equations on folder cover]. Personal research files.
• Shaikh, A. (2017, January 31). A partial solution to the problem of the probability distribution of profits and wages [Unpublished working paper with extensive handwritten annotations on sign-switching, mean-repelling behavior, and beta variants]. New School for Social Research.
• Shaikh, A. (2017, January 31). Fokker–Planck equation, Laplace and exponential distributions: Continuation of partial solution [Annotated working paper, page 2]. New School for Social Research.
• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). CIR model, multitype product income, and Yakovenko process: …

Econophysics, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2018, October 16). Notes on econophysics: Probabilistic approaches, labor theory of value, and wage and wealth distributions [Handwritten seminar notes]. Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow.
• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Essential guide to critical development studies [Handwritten reference note on lined paper]. Personal research files.
• Shaikh, A. (2018, October). Property income models: CIR, log-normal, gamma, sign function, and simulation methods [Handwritten working notes]. Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow.
• Shaikh, A. (2018). Gini coefficient, truncated wage model, and log mean-reversion [Handwritten working notes]. Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow.
• Shaikh, A. (2018). Wages, …

Strategies Hospitality Leaders Use To Reduce Employee Turnover, Borislav Perev

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employee turnover is a global problem with adverse effects on financial performance and sustainability of organizations. In the hospitality industry, employee turnover levels increased to 58.8%, and the associated cost of turnover may be more than 100% of an employee's yearly wage, with a total loss of over $25 billion a year. The purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies used by hospitality leaders in the southeastern United States to reduce employee turnover. The conceptual framework was the transformational leadership theory. Purposeful selection of participants included leaders with experience in developing and implementing strategies for reducing employee …

Effective Management Communication Strategies, Dr. Cad W. Shannon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Managing employee engagement is critical to the success of an organization, but 85% of managers struggle with engaging employees. The purpose of this single-case study was to explore effective communication strategies within an organization and determine how managers used these strategies to increase employee engagement, productivity, and organizational effectiveness. Data were collected from organizational documents, observations, and semistructured interviews with 6 managers of a corporation located in the midwestern United States. All participants were working full-time for at least 3 years, had a managerial title, and were responsible for departmental communication. Moustakas's modified van Kaam method was used for data …

Third-Party Logistics' Hiring Manager Strategies To Recruit Supply-Chain Professionals, Beth D'Alessandro

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Leaders of third-party logistics companies face a critical talent shortage because of the global deficiency of supply-chain professionals. The lack of trained supply-chain professionals negatively affects business and market performance. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies used by third-party logistics hiring managers to recruit supply-chain talent to meet industry demands. The resource-based view theory was used as a lens for this study. Data were collected from 5 Pennsylvania third-party logistics hiring managers from interviews, organizational documents, and company websites. Member checking occurred after transcription and summarization of the interview data. Data analysis occurred using …

Reentry Practitioners' Perceptions Of Constraints During Ex-Offenders' Job Search Process, Crystal Raquel Francis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Unemployment among formerly incarcerated citizens is a complex problem that continues to grow. Previous reentry studies describe the collateral effects of incarceration on employment from the perspective of formerly incarcerated individuals, yet little academic research exists regarding reentry practitioners' perceptions of constraints during the job search process. Using Goldratt's theory of constraints as the foundation, the purpose of this case study of reentry and employment in a mid-Atlantic state was to explore from the perspective of practitioners, the types of constraints individuals with criminal records face during the job search process, the most difficult phase of the job search process, …

The Future Encyclopedia Of Luddism, Miriam A. Cherry

All Faculty Scholarship

In common parlance, the term “Luddite” means someone who is anti-technology, or maybe, just not adept at using technology. Historically, however, the Luddite movement was a reaction born of industrial accidents and dangerous machines, poor working conditions, and the fact that there were no unions to represent worker interests during England’s initial period of industrialization. The Luddites did not hate technology; they only channeled their anger toward machine-breaking because it had nowhere else to go. The attached book chapter is an alternate history (written circa 2500) that depends on the critical assumption that the Luddites succeeded in their industrial campaign …

Unbundling Freedom In The Sharing Economy, Deepa Das Acevedo

Faculty Articles

Courts and scholars point to the sharing economy as proof that our labor and employment infrastructure is obsolete because it rests on a narrow and outmoded idea that only workers subjected to direct, personalized control by their employers need work-related protections and benefits. Since they diagnose the problem as being our system’s emphasis on control, these critics have long called for reducing or eliminating the primacy of the “control test” in classifying workers as either protected employees or unprotected independent contractors. Despite these persistent criticisms, however, the concept of control has been remarkably sticky in scholarly and judicial circles.

This …

La Pena Negra: Mexican Women, Gender, And Labor During The Bracero Program, 1942-1964, Mayra Lizette Avila

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Most research on México and the Bracero Program has centered on the experiences of men. The scholarship details their decision to leave México, their experiences crossing the border and working in the fields, and their return migration home. "La Pena Negra: Woman, Gender, and Labor, During the Bracero Program, 1942-1964" adds to Bracero scholarship by looking at how the Mexican consulate dealt with Bracero treatment and death. However, the program did not only impact male laborers, but their spouses and family who they left behind in México. Women and families' survival depended on the female ability to adapt and negotiate …

Why Do Underrepresented Minorities Leave Science And Engineering?, Cindy Onyekwelu

Pitzer Senior Theses

This paper extends upon Jennifer Hunt’s research on “Why do women leave science and engineering?”, that contributes to existing literature that overlooks underrepresented minorities level of commitment to STEM fields based on their STEM educational backgrounds and additional contributing factors that relates to women engineer’s leaving their felid to another felid that does not have any relation to their STEM degree. The following independent factors are the respondents’ gender, reasons for leaving the felid of major, how much does their highest degree relate to their current principle/ primary job, parents’ level of education, current citizenship status, level of highest degrees …

Sexual Harassment, Public Transportation, And Labor Market Outcomes For Women: Case Study Of Lahore, Pakistan, Rachel A. Wilder

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This thesis investigates an understudied question in the economics literature: how does sexual harassment experienced in and around public transportation affect labor market outcomes for women? Previous research suggests that access to public transport can improve labor market outcomes and that women's use of public transportation is sometimes limited by their experience of sexual harassment. It follows that when harassment is particularly widespread or severe – as is the case in much of South Asia – it may lead women who depend on public transportation for travel to make different labor market choices or not to work at all. If …

Essays On Transfer-Program Interactions Among Low-Income Households, Nicholas S. Moellman

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

This dissertation consists of three essays examining the role of transfer-program interactions for families and households who participate in the social safety net. The safety net is comprised of many different programs, run by different agencies, governed by different rules, and often administered by disparate and secluded entities. However, many households participate in multiple programs, subjecting them to the milieu of administrative hurdles. In this dissertation, I try to untangle some of the intended and unintended effects of program participation that may be experienced by these households.

In Essay 1, I examine the effect of the Patient Protection and Affordable …