Economic Theory Commons^™

Notes On The Falling Rate Of Profit, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). A note on the falling rate of profit [Unpublished manuscript]. Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

Notes On The Effect Of Capital Gains Taxation On Non-Austrian Assets, Dan Kovenock, Michael Rothschild

Economics Faculty Books and Book Chapters

This paper is an attempt to assess the effect of capital gains taxation on non-Austrian assets, such as claims to profits of continuing enterprises. As compared to taxation on an accrual basis, the capital gains tax discourages sales of appreciated assets. This is the "lock-in" effect. Because assets subject to capital gains taxation are generally held a long time, conventional estimates suggest that the effective rate of capital gains taxation is low. We contend that conventional estimates could seriously underestimate the effective rate of capital gains taxation because they ignore uncertainty. We construct a model which allows us to calculate …

Aggregate Production Functions, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Folder cover titled “aggregate production functions”. (n.d.). [Unpublished folder cover].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes on F. M. Fisher’s “Aggregate production functions revisited” [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Ara, K. (1978, December). Parable and realism in the theory of capital: A generalization of Prof. Samuelson’s theory of surrogate production function. Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics.

• Gallaway, L. E. (1982). Specification of the aggregate production function. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten notes with a graph of a basic production function [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript. …

Trade Ii, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• A simple Marxian theory of the exchange rate [Typed and handwritten paper]. Shaikh, A. (1986, February). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics G6903Y: International trade [Syllabus for Columbia University]. Findlay, R. (1973, Spring). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics 251: International trade II [Reading list]. Shaikh, A. (1974, Spring). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics G6904X: International trade and finance [Reading list for Columbia University]. Mathieson, D. J. (1971, Fall). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics 251: International trade II [Reading list]. Shaikh, A. (1979, Spring). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics 251: International trade II [Course outline and reading list]. Shaikh, A. (1975, Spring). Unpublished …

Duality, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note card titled:

• Duality: Values & Quantities

Price Determination In A Competitive Industry With Costly Information And A Production Lag, Reuven Glick, Clas Wihlborg

Business Faculty Articles and Research

We analyze the role of information for price and output adjustment when competitive firms with rational expectations cannot directly distinguish between industrywide and firm-specific cost disturbances. Firms may become informed about industrywide cost conditions by acquiring information at a cost. The sensitivity of price and output to cost disturbances decreases as more firms choose to purchase information. The equilibrium industry share of informed firms increases as the cost of information falls and total cost variability increases. The equilibrium share of informed firms is largest when there is a comparable degree of variability in both industrywide and firm-specific costs.

Skills-Heterogenous Labor, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A. (1981, November). Notes on skilled labor-power [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (1981, November 28). Notes on skills [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Roncaglia 6 [Excerpt with handwritten annotations].

• Shaikh, A. (1981, October 15). Letter to Adolph Lowe detailing comments on method, neoclassical economics, and Marxian theory [Letter].

• Shaikh, A. (1981, December 3). Letter to Adolph Lowe discussing Rowthorn and the production of skills [Letter].

• Giussani, P. (1985, November). Value and labour: Simple and complex labour in the labour theory of value [Paper].

Equilibrium, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• On the Structure of Steady State Equilibrium (David Gale, Dec. 1971; title in red ink)
• The Irrelevance of Equilibrium Economics (Economic Journal, Vol. 82, Dec. 1972)
• Vertical Integration, Prices & Values
• Vertical Integration, Prices & Values (I–2), covering quantities and prices
• Vertical Integration & Price, Value
• Vertical Integration & Transformation Problem
• Vertical Integration & Equal Organic Composition
• Vertical Integration & Period of Production
• [Marx & Smith] Vertical Integration and Decomposition of Output in Wages & Profits
• The Problem of Resolving the Entire Capital into Wages and Profits (1852; with red …

Workshop In Marxian Research, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Economics 284: Workshop in empirical Marxian research [Syllabus including references and suggested research and presentation topics]. Shaikh, A., & Juillard, M. (1985, Fall). Unpublished manuscript.

On The Empirical Production Function, Mahmoud A Gamal

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Form Of Value, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• Intermediate Inputs and “Double Counting” (4/6/77), with a two-stage production process example involving corn and bread sectors
• Intermediate Inputs and “Double Counting” (continuation, 10/4/77), on definitions of net output and stock vs. flow distinctions
• Intermediate Inputs and “Double Counting” (continuation, 11/4), with input-output tables, value added, and gross vs. net output calculations

Organic Composition, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• Modern Trade Theory & Policy (1/25/77)

Finance Capital, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• England and Portugal
• Kindleberger
• Basic Model: H.O. – Samuelson (Factor Proportions Model) (annotated in red ink)
• Trade and World Price Line Establishment (with diagrams)
• Neoclassical Variable Proportions & Community Production Possibilities (annotated in red ink)
• Internal Equilibrium and Trade (Normal Case) (annotated in red ink)
• Price-Value Deviations
• Note on Unequal Exchange
• Profit and Surplus Value (referencing Grundrisse, Notebook VII, Feb–June 1858)
• Surplus-Value and Profit (underlined in red ink)
• Profit and Surplus Value (referencing Vol. III, p. 36, Ch. I)
• Transformation
• Conditions of Problem
• Sweezy
• Connection, Value & Supply
• Effect of Wage Changes …

Frop, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• Capital, Vol. I (New World Paperbacks, International Publishers, 1967), with quotes on socially necessary labour-time and the value of a commodity (pp. 39–40)
• Capital, Vol. I (continuation), on the value-form and money-form, tracing the genesis of money from the simplest value-relation to the money-form (p. 48)
• Capital, Vol. I (continuation), on money as realized human labor and measure of value, citing Chapter III, Section I (pp. 94, 101)
• Capital, Vol. I (continuation), on magnitude of value as a relation of social production and the possibility of quantitative incongruity between price and value (p. …

Machinery - Pure Automation, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:

Handwritten note cards titled:

• Pure Automation & Unit Values on the definition of unit value and labor time embodied in fully automated factories (2/7/84)

Natural Monopoly And The Contestable Markets Hypothesis: Some Preliminary Results From Laboratory Experiments, Don R. Coursey, R. Mark Isaac, Vernon L. Smith

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

The concept of natural monopoly is one of the most familiar in economics. Many supposed natural monopolies are the object of widespread state, local, and federal regulation. It was in addressing issues of public utility regulation that Demsetz laid the foundation for an alternative scenario for decreasing cost markets. Demsetz's article promoted a debate over whether a formal auction system might provide a practical approach to monopoly control. This literature is rich in examining the practical difficulties of implementing such an institution. The important characteristic of the contestable markets hypothesis, as we interpret it, is that at least two firms …

Research Topics, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• Dissertation Topic: History of Perfect Competition, Its Definition and Its Implications (What It Excludes) (3/82; yellow notecard)
• Dissertation Topic: Technical Change, Theory and History as Related to Argument in Marx (C/V, C/L?) (yellow notecard)
• Dissertation Topic: Marxist History of National Income Accounts (Studenski Book), Schemes of Reproduction & Diagrammatic Flows (yellow notecard)
• Monopoly & Values: Paper Topic, on competition within an industry, uniform price, deviations of prices of production from values, and empirical correlation with degree of monopoly (red notecard)
• Dissertation Topic: Empirical Studies of Unequal Exchange, etc. (yellow notecard)
• Dissertation Topic: …

Eco 205 Complete, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1984). Economics 205 lecture #1 [Course transcript]. New School for Social Research.
• Shaikh, A. (1984). Economics 205 lecture #2 [Course transcript]. New School for Social Research.
• Shaikh, A. (1984). Economics 205 lecture #3 [Course transcript]. New School for Social Research.

Capital Gains Taxation In An Economy With An ‘Austrian Sector’, Dan Kovenock, Michael Rothschild

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

This paper examines the effects of a proportional capital gains in an economy with an Austrian sector (with wine and trees) and an ordinary sector. We analyze the effect of capital gains taxation (on both an accrual and a realization basis) on the efficiency with which resources are used within the Austrian sector. Since time is the only input which can be varied in the Austrian sector, this amounts to looking at the effect of capital gains taxation on the harvesting time or selling time of assets. Accrual taxation decreases the selling time of Austrian assets. Realization taxation decreases the …

Distinguishing Marx's Falling Rate Of Profit From Okishio Theorem, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Distinguishing Marx’s FROP from Okishio theorem: Including discussion of FROP and W-V curves, W-R curves with data from Ed Ochoa, labor-time flows, and employment data from Shakow [Handwritten notes]. Shaikh, A. (1983, December 9). Unpublished manuscript.

Inflation And Taxable Capacity: Some Recent Evidence, Barbara Allison Haney-Powell

Masters Theses

Colin Clark's theory of inflation has had a profound effect on present-day economic theory concerning taxation policy. While his belief that inflation occurred when all tax revenues exceeded 25 percent of national income was rejected by his contemporaries in the 1940's, supply-side economists incorporate Clark's theory into their proposals for curing the unemployment and inflation of the 1970's and 1980's. These proposals gained popular support and resulted in the election of President Ronald Reagan who implemented such proposals. The purpose of this study is to determine the veracity of Clark's theory.

Clark's theory was tested in this study with the …

Assorted Notes On Marx Labor & Capital, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Marx on fixed capital [Handwritten notes by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, citing Ernest Mandel on Grundrisse]. Shaikh, A. (1983, September 1). Unpublished manuscript.

• Crisis of labor [Handwritten notes by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, discussing tactics, strategy, capacity utilization, the industrial base, and the Labor Party as a progressive step]. Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Unpublished manuscript.

• Long range strategy [Handwritten notes by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, discussing Tony Mazzocchi, OCAW, and state intervention during the October 19 crash]. Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Unpublished manuscript.

• China II and necessity theories [Handwritten notes by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, discussing underconsumption, the …

The Coase Theorem And The Psychology Of Common-Law Thought, Donald H. Gjerdingen

Articles by Maurer Faculty

The Coase Theorem is a simple proposition-in the absence of transaction costs, a Pareto optimal result will occur regardless of the initial placement of legal liability. Despite this apparent simplicity, however, Coase's economic parable has provoked intense debate in the legal community. Why does the theorem grate on the hardened intuitions of so many lawyers? The thesis of this Article is that a connection exists between the adoption or rejection of a given school of legal thought and the use of certain psychological constructs. Specifically, this Article argues that the constructs underlying the Coase Theorem are incompatible with those underlying …

Administered Prices, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Clifton, J. A. (1983). Administered prices in the context of capitalist development. Contributions to Political Economy, 2(1), 23–38.

Notes On Marx And Keynes, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Anwar Shaikh. (1983, January 5). Notes on Marx and Keynes (Unpublished manuscript). Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research, New York, NY.

Microfoundations Of Keynes' Theory Of Competition, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1983, November 23). “Microfoundations” of Marx’s theory of competition (Chick, 1983) [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1983). Notes on Marx and Keynes; single firm ⇒ “monopolist” [Notes interspersed with handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1983, December 13). Principle of profit-maximizing behavior and optimal level of capacity utilization [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Davidson, P. (1962, June). More on the aggregate supply function. The Economic Journal, 72(286), 452–457. Oxford University Press.

• Shaikh, A. (1983, January 25). Consistent plans, rational expectations, and Walras’ law [Typed manuscript with handwritten annotations]. Unpublished …

Notes On Marx And Keynes, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Notes on Marx and Keynes: Outlining the relation between Marx’s analysis of accumulation and Keynes’ analysis of effective demand, including sections on Marx’s schemes of reproduction, Keynes and effective demand, and accumulation and effective demand in Keynesian theory [Notes]. Shaikh, A. (1983, January 5). Unpublished manuscript.

Pricing And Profits Empitical, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Folder Cover Label Shaikh, A. (1983). Pricing & profit empirical. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.This item is a label on a cream folder. It organizes research materials examining corporate pricing systems and business profits.
• Published Journal Article with Handwritten Comment Clifton, J. A. (1983). Administered prices in the context of capitalist development. Contributions to Political Economy, 2. Academic Press. This item is a published academic paper about corporate pricing. Dr. Anwar Shaikh added a handwritten note at the top asking where to place the material in his textbook chapters.

Notes On Profit Rate, Technical Change, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1982, December 10). Profit rate, technical change, real wages, & unproductive expenses: Handwritten notes discussing the productivity of productive labor and the measured rate of profit. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1982, December 9). Real wage & FROP: Handwritten notes discussing the Okishio/Sraffa wage-profit frontier, wage squeeze, and anticipated outcomes. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1982, December 10). Real wages and the profit rate: Handwritten notes discussing the real capital-output ratio, rates of exploitation, and technical change. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (1982, December 9). Real wage-profit frontier: Handwritten notes discussing …

The Forms-Of-Appearance Of Surplus Value, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• The forms-of-appearance of surplus value [Handwritten notes by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, including a glossary, the two-step realization of total product in money-form, and ground-rent]. Shaikh, A. (1978, April). Unpublished manuscript.

• A critique of Gillman and Mage [Handwritten notes by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, comparing the models of Marx, Shaikh, Gillman, and Mage]. Shaikh, A. (1978, April). Unpublished manuscript.

• Measurement of the rate of surplus-value, U.S. 1929–1972 [Graph showing the realized rate of surplus value and profit-wage ratios]. Shaikh, A. (1982, March). Unpublished manuscript.

• Figure IV.2 [Graph showing the components of surplus-value from 1929–1972]. Shaikh, …