Economic Theory Commons^™

A Rationale For Meeting Quotas Asymmetrically, J. Patrick Meister, Robert S. Main

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Under certain conditions, otherwise identical, competing firms may find it jointly preferable to face differing degrees of trade barriers on individual products rather than symmetric trade barriers. The key is the ability to reduce marginal production cost via research and development. The economic significance of this insight is that there could be a role for a market for quota allotments. This insight also has applications to Voluntary Export Restraints in which a priori symmetric, restricted firms may prefer to have individual production levels allocated asymmetrically. This indicates the need for detailed studies of how quotas are met by individual firms. …

Is Ricardo's Essay On Profits A Precursor Of The New Trade Theory?, Hian Teck Hoon

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper carefully analyzes a passage of Ricardo’s Essay on Profits ([1815] 1923), which suggests that he clearly understood the effects of both interindustry as well as intraindustry trade. In the context of the Essay model, Ricardo argues that free interindustry trade involving an exchange of manufactures for agricultural good (from England’s point of view) raises the rate of profit through lowering the relative price of the agricultural good. On the other hand, where trade involves simply an exchange of manufactures for manufactures, these being produced under conditions of economies of scale (division of labour in manufactures (pg. 25 of …

The Elementary Economics Of Bijuralism: A First Cut, James W. Bowers

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Research Joint Ventures, Product Differentiation, And Price Collusion, Luca Lambertini, Sougata Poddar, Dan Sasaki

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We investigate the interplay between firms’ decisions in product development, either joint or independent, and their ensuing repeated pricing, either collusive or Bertrand–Nash. A joint venture develops a single product, whereas independent ventures develop their respective products which can be differentiated. We prove that joint product development and the resulting lack of horizontal product differentiation may destabilise collusion, whilst firms’ R&D decisions have no bearings on collusive sustainability if differentiation is vertical. We also discover the non-monotone dependence of firms’ venture decisions at the development stage upon their time preferences, as well as upon consumers’ willingness to pay.

My Trade Models, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). My trade models [Folder cover].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1992, October 27). Dynamics of XR adjustment [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1992, October 20). BOT and XR theory [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1991, February 26). Dynamic models of XR theory [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1990, July 30). Dynamics of XR adjustment [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1990, July 30). Dynamic XR adjustment [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1992, January 11). BOP model and XR: Basic adjustment process [Unpublished handwritten notes]. …

Capacity Utiliz + Shape Of Ac Curve, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Capacity utilization CD: File list [List of files].

• Betancourt, R. R. (n.d.). Review of work patterns and capital utilization: An international comparative study [Review].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). S-shaped (nonlinear) ULC curve between shifts 1 and 2 [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (2002, October 21). Simulated data to see if our cointegration capacity utilization equation is biased by relative price movements [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (2002, October 23). Eco capacity, capital-capacity ratio, and scale of plant [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (2002, October 23). Trend of cointegration capacity utilization measure vs. …

Aggregate Production Functions Paper, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Folder titled “Aggregate production function paper CEEA, March 15–17, 2002”. (2002, March 15–17). [Unpublished folder]. File folder.

• Shaikh, A. (2002, February 6). Goodwin variables dynamics in actual data (printout with charts and notes) [Unpublished computer printout]. Data output and notes.

• Berglund, P. G. (2002, January 20). Comment on Jesus Felipe and Franklin Fisher’s paper entitled “Aggregation in production functions: What applied economists should know” [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2002, February 28). Handwritten notes on simulated data and Fourier series [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Documentation for eviews file USACTUALANDSIMULATEDDATA.WF1: Variables and …

The Economic Impact Of Native American Gaming: Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation, Lisa Borromeo

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

The purpose of this paper is to put the economic and social importance of Indian gambling on and off the reservation into perspective. Because the economic and social effects of Indian gaming are additive, one cannot form a coherent picture of the net impact of gaming without measuring both the economic and social effects (Cornell et al., 1998). Because gambling has impacts beyond reservation boundaries, studying the surrounding local economy is a necessary action. As both the number of tribes with gaming operations and the magnitude of the operations increase, so do their effects. This paper combines a general overview …

Prices, Legalisation And Marijuana Consumption, Mert Daryal

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

The debate concerning the legalisation of marijuana is intensifying. As the price of marijuana would most likely decrease following legalisation, the law of demand implies that consumption would rise. But by how much? This paper analyses the effect of legalisation on consumption by using data from a specifically-conducted survey of first year students at The University of Western Australia. The results indicate that 53 percent of students have consumed marijuana with males exhibiting a higher intensity than females. The results also show that legalisation would cause consumption to increase by approximately 4 percent. Both legalisation and a 50 percent fall …

Cooperation Within Anarchy: A Case Study Of The Success Of Commercial Banking During The Lebanese Civil War, Mona Kalash

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper analyses the success of the Lebanese banking system during the Lebanese civil war, which lasted from 1975 until 1989. As the rest of the economy plunged into recession due to intense warfare and governmental collapse, the bankers and their clients continued to cooperate across battle lines in the loaning business. The argument of the paper is that the linkage of social and economic games and the importance of reputation in business created incentives for bankers and businessmen to cooperate in the Prisoner’s Dilemma game of lending and borrowing. I challenge the theoretical perspective that cooperation is not possible …

The Political Economy Of Wto Dispute Settlement: Toward A Synthesis Of International Regime Theories, Christopher L. Griffin

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper analyzes the explanatory power of mainstream international regime theories from the international political economy (IPE) literature—neoliberalism, realism, and cognitivism—through formal econometric techniques. I use a data set based on 162 dispute settlement cases since the inception of the World Trade Organization and find that the probability of a Dispute Settlement Panel (DSP) forming depends on the share of exports for a target country as a share of its total exports as well as relative gaps in military expenditures (as a share of GDP). These results are highly robust to different model specifications and control variable choice. Though the …

Czech Voucher Privatization: A Case Of Decision Making Under Uncertainty, Katia Hristova

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

In my study, I plan to analyze voucher privatization in the Czech Republic. This process is best characterized as decision making under both risk and uncertainty, where the thousands of individuals who initially received vouchers were operating under near total uncertainty while larger institutional investors who later seized control of the vouchers were operating under conditions of risk. I will analyze the resulting patterns of ownership in comparison to the goals of the process. I will also discuss the role of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank as institutions which affect the conditions under which voucher privatization was conducted. …

The Relationship Between Economic Freedom And Socio - Economic Development, Anisha Madan

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This research study assumes that people will be better off if there is greater equality of income, if per capita income increases, and if they have better access to education and health care through which they can lead a more fulfilling life. The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. Education is a basic need because it improves skills, improves productivity, and lowers reproductivity by improving the status of women. Education also contributes to meeting other basic needs. If the behavioral changes …

Apr Paper, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Folder cover labeled “APF paper, EEA March 15–17, 2002 Boston: non linear dynamics and the pseudo-production function notes, workfiles, EViews programs.” (2002, March 15–17). Unpublished folder cover [File folder].

• McCombie, J. (2002, March 25). Email to Anwar Shaikh regarding a conference and a possible publication. Unpublished email correspondence.

• Handwritten notes titled “perfect fitting aggregate prod. functions.” (2002, March 16). Unpublished handwritten notes [Manuscript]. (A. Shaikh, PhD, author).

• Handwritten notes titled “an approximation problem.” (2002, March 21). Unpublished handwritten notes [Manuscript]. (A. Shaikh, PhD, author).

• Handwritten notes reflecting on McCombie and Fisher’s views …

Basic Models Of Demand And Growth, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2002, November 18). Basic models of demand and growth [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A. (2001, June 18). What determines the level of output in various theoretical approaches (classical vs. demand-driven)? [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Kaldor growth model (Gandolfo) [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (2001, June 13). How can data be used to address the difference between K/K and Harrod? What is the essential theoretical difference? [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Stability of private expenditure rate [Handwritten notes on Roosevelt Hotel stationery]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). …

Inflation, Argentine, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. May 30, 2002. Inflation dynamics and the thruput ratio [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.
• Shaikh, A. May 30, 2002. Testing inflation theory on US data [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.
• Shaikh, A. May 28, 2002. Testing our inflation theory for Argentina [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.
• Martin. May 27, 2002. First comments on inflation dynamics – Argentina's case [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.

Steedman Papers And Other Cje, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Cockshott, W. P., & Cottrell, A. (2002, June 17). Correlations between sectoral prices and values not spurious [Unpublished manuscript, 7 pages]. University of Glasgow; Wake Forest University.
• Cockshott, W. P. (2002, June 17). [Email to Anwar Shaikh, [email protected], subject: Reply to Andrew Kliman, from [email protected]]. Unpublished electronic correspondence. University of Glasgow.
• Shaikh, A. (1996, July; revised 2002, August 8). A note on price-value deviations [Unpublished working paper, filename: pvdev796.wpd, 8 pages]. Shaikh, A., PhD. New School for Social Research.
• Newton, A. (1997, July 18). [Letter to Anwar Shaikh, on behalf of the Cambridge Journal of …

Idea Asas Deng Xiaoping Terhadap Reformasi Pasaran Sejak Tahun 1978, Tek Soon Ling

Student Works (2000-2009)

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The Relationship Between Stock Returns And Inflation In Malaysia, Soke Ling Mau

Student Works (2000-2009)

This study starts out with an introductory chapter covering the relationship between nominal and real stock returns with inflation in a general view. Economists are still puzzled on the positive and negative relationship between stock returns and inflation as many empirical results suggest varied conclusions. The second chapter is the literature review, which consists of a few well-known authors with their own theories and hypotheses. The core 3 discussion in this chapter refers to the classical view on stock returns and inflation in 1930 and post -Keynesian view on stock returns and inflation from 1970 till 2001. Chapter Three focuses …

Granger-Causality Between Monetary Aggregates And Sectoral Production In Malaysia, Kay Choy Wan

Student Works (2000-2009)

The main purpose of this study is to empirically assess the distributional impact of financial variables using Malaysian quarterly data. The rationale for pursuing this objective is to identify the possible transmission channels of the financial variables with respect to the sectoral production and its underlying causal. The study employing the methodology of Azali and Habibullah (2000) in using the MWALD test for testing Granger non-causality (Toda Yamamoto, 199 5) was constructed using Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR). The Augmented Dickey­Fuller (ADF) and Phillip-Perron (PP) unit root test procedures Johansen and Juselius (1990) cointegration test and the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) …

An Econometric Analysis Of The Relationship Between Public Expenditure And National Income In Malaysia, Yin Wai Tung

Student Works (2000-2009)

The purpose of this study is to analyse public expenditure growth in Malaysia for the period of 1970-2000. This paper investigates the existence of a long-run relationship between national income and various categories of public expenditure as proposed by Wagner's Law. In Wagner's framework, public expenditure can be treated as an endogenous factor that suggests that public expenditure grows as a result of growth in national income. Causality is expected to run from national income to public expenditure. This contradicts the famous Keynesian doctrine that treats public expenditure as an exogenous factor. As opposed to Wagner's Law, it implies that …

The Impact Of Bond Ratings On Equity Market : Malaysian Experience, P. Raman Ponnusamy

Student Works (2000-2009)

This research will examine the impact of bond ratings on market efficiency and stock returns. The study covered rating announcements from 1996 to 2001. Four types of rating announcements were covered namely initial announcement, reaffirmation, upgrades and downgrades. Each rating is categorized into investment grade and speculative grade. The mean adjusted model was used to determine the abnormal returns. The findings showed insignificant movement in abnormal returns for all type of ratings and also the sub-category of speculative and investment grades. The result also revealed that the market is efficient in semi-strong form as far as Malaysian market is concerned. …

Penglibatan Masyarakat Islam Dalam Aktiviti Pelaburan Di Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (Bimb) : Suatu Kajian Di Banting, Selangor, Kamsuzilawati Kamin

Student Works (2000-2009)

Investment in Conventional economic has been practiced longer enough better than inventment in Islamic economic. For almost 20 years it has been introduced through the establishment of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (81MB), many scholars said that bank were insist on BBA and Murabahah (profit-based financing) modes of operations better than Mudafarabah and Musyarakah (equity-based financing) modes of operations although with the profit and loss sharing (PLS), its leads to better exploitation of labour and capital towards a just, stable and efficient society. This study tries to observe and evaluate the performances and the implementation of PLS in BIMB Holdings Berhad. …

A Monetary Analysis Of The Indonesian Economy, Elisabet Siahaan

Student Works (2000-2009)

This study is about monetary economic in Indonesia. There are three main topics on this study. First topic is about development of monetary economic in Indonesia. Second topic is about monetary policy in Indonesia. The third topic is about money supply in Indonesia. The period of this study is 1980-1999. The first topic provides a brief overview of the Indonesian monetary development, covers the three distinct periods of monetary experiences and financial regimes. The main period are pre-reform (pre-1983 ), post-reform (post 1983) and financial crisis(1997-1999). Second topic is about monetary policy in Indonesia. Indonesia's mam economic concern is development. …

The Determinants Of Private College Tuition Fees : A Hedonic Approach, Miin See

Student Works (2000-2009)

In the private higher education markets in Malaysia today, education programs are marketed like any other commercial products. The programs are designed, packaged, priced and sold to the consumers - the students. Due to the fact that in these markets, the students are mostly self-funded (without scholarship) pricing strategy is one of the most important marketing tools used by the private higher education institutes (PHEIs). Using the hedonic pricing model, this study has identified several factors that are influential in determining the tuition fee of a degree program offered by a PHEI in Malaysia. This study investigates two markets: the …