Economic Theory Commons^™

The College Football Gambling Market An Empirical Approach, Brian Mcneil

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

This study tests the efficiency of the college football gambling market and whether the market allows for profitable wagering. Operating upon the theoretical framework that, at any given time, prices fully reflect all information available in a particular market, I test for the existence of residual information that is not currently incorporated into the market, thus rendering it inefficient. This project expands upon several previous studies performed on sports betting – most notably that of Zuber, Gandar, and Bowers (1985), which examined the gambling market efficiency for National Football League games. The findings prove to be consistent with the conclusions …

A Dangerous Supplement, Daria Roithmayr

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Is Exchange Risk Priced Beyond Intertemporal Risk?, Ines Chaieb, Stefano Mazzoto, Oumar Sy

Faculty Articles

Recent conditional tests show that exchange risk is priced in integrated international markets. However, these results are typically obtained assuming that intertemporal risk does not matter. We test an intertemporal international asset-pricing model where the investment opportunity set is dynamic. Using a conditional orthogonalization approach, we investigate whether the exchange risk is priced once the market and intertemporal risks are fully taken into account. We find that, in addition to the market and intertemporal risks, the exchange risk is an important determinant of risk premium. We also find that the intertemporal risk, which is often overlooked in the literature, is …

Some Patterns Of Market Shares Of Brands Within And Across Product Categories, Rajeev Kohli, Raaj Sah

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper: (i) reports an empirical regularity in the market shares of brands; (ii) presents a theoretical framework for understanding the observed regularity; (iii) adduces additional empirical consequences of the framework, which are some counterintuitive relationships among market shares of brands across different product categories; and (iv) presents empirical evidence for these consequences, thus providing additional support for the theoretical framework. Our cross-sectional data on market shares consists of 1171 brands in 91 product categories of foods and sporting goods sold in the US. If we assign a lower rank to a brand with a higher market share, then the …

Free Riding In Noncooperative Entry Deterrence With Differentiated Products, Dan Kovenock, Suddhasatwa Roy

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We examine free riding and underinvestment in noncooperative entry deterrence in the Gilbert and Vives (1986) model with differentiated products. Our analysis proves that for products that are differentiated enough, when both entry allowing and entry deterring equilibria coexist, the symmetric entry deterring equilibrium may Pareto dominate the entry equilibrium. Hence, "coordination failure" underinvestment in entry prevention can occur. However, as claimed, the overinvestment result of Gilbert and Vives remains robust to moderate amounts of product differentiation. We also show that coordination failure underinvestment arises in a wide variety of entry deterrence models and does not rely on assumptions regarding …

Comparative Analysis Of Litigation Systems: An Auction‐Theoretic Approach, Michael R. Baye, Dan Kovenock, Casper G. De Vries

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

A simple auction-theoretic framework is used to examine symmetric litigation environments where the legal ownership of a disputed asset is unknown to the court. The court observes only the quality of the case presented by each party, and awards the asset to the party presenting the best case. Rational litigants influence the quality of their cases by hiring skilful attorneys. This framework permits us to compare the equilibrium legal expenditures that arise under a continuum of legal systems. The British rule, Continental rule, American rule, and some recently proposed legal reforms are special cases of our model.

Auction Markets For Evaluations, Cary Deck, Bart J. Wilson

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

When the value of a product or service is uncertain, outcomes can be inefficient. A market for evaluations can theoretically increase efficiency by voluntarily eliciting an evaluation that would otherwise not be provided. This paper uses a controlled laboratory experiment to test the performance of four market mechanisms to provide product evaluations. The mechanisms considered are derived from the oft studied uniform price sealed bid, discriminatory price sealed bid, English clock auction, and Dutch clock auction. Our results indicate for this nonrivalrous product that (i) each of these institutions improves social welfare and (ii) the performances of the four mechanisms …

Harrod Graphs, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Figure 1: Effects of a fall in the savings rate (s) on the path of output [Graph].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Figure 2: “Modest” government spending raises the growth rate of output [Graph].

• Shaikh, A. (2005, November 30). Economic policy in a growth context: 5. Extensions to growth [Typed course notes]. Includes sections on the Keynesian time path and the Harrodian warranted growth path.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Figure 3: “Excessive” government spending lowers the rate of growth of output [Graph].

• Shaikh, A. (2005, November 30). Economic policy in a growth …

Ape 205 Section 8 Interest Rates I, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1989). Notes on money, interest and capital. Unpublished handwritten notes.
• Rogers, C. (1989). Money, interest and capital: A study in the foundations of monetary theory. Cambridge University Press.
• Harrod, R. (1969). Money. Macmillan.
• Shaikh, A. (1969). Notes on money. Unpublished handwritten notes.
• Lutz, F. A. (1968). The theory of interest. D. Reidel Publishing Company.
• Shaikh, A. (1968). Notes on the theory of interest. Unpublished handwritten notes.
• Fongemie, C. A. (2005). A note on fisher's equation and keynes's liquidity hypothesis. Journal of post keynesian economics, 27(4), 621–632. …

More Historical Foundations 02-05, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Anwar Shaikh. (2002, October 29). Midterm paper assignment for ECO 104: Historical foundations of political economy [Unpublished course assignment]. Author.

• Shaikh, A. (2004, Fall). Syllabus and course outline for historical foundations of political economy I (GECO 104) [Unpublished syllabus and course outline]. Author.

• Unknown author. (n.d.). List of readings in the fourth folder [Unpublished reading list]. Author.

• Unknown author. (n.d.). Figure 1: The planned structure of Marx’s “economics” [Unpublished diagram]. Author.

Monetarist Papers, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Brumm, H. J. (2005). Money growth, output growth, and inflation: A reexamination of the modern quantity theory's linchpin prediction. Southern Economic Journal, 71(3), 661–667.
• Moroney, J. R. (2002). Money growth, output growth, and inflation: Estimation of a modern quantity theory. Southern Economic Journal, 69(2), 398–413.
• Smith, B. D. (1988, Summer). The relationship between money and prices: Some historical evidence reconsidered. Quarterly Review (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis), 12(3), 18–32. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.

The Great Wars, The Great Crash And Steady State Growth & Misc Documents, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Garegnani, P. (n.d.). Reply. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2003, June 30). Response to comments on Godley-Shaikh 2002 [Document addressed to Esteban]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Pérez, E. (n.d.). The standard neo-classical macroeconomic model [Draft comments]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Ben-David, D., & Papell, D. H. (1995, December). The great wars, the great crash, and steady state growth: Some new evidence about an old stylized fact. Unpublished manuscript.

• Moudud, J. K. (2005, November 29). The role of the state and long-run growth: Beyond neoliberalism and the superstate—some provocative thoughts on new policy options for developing countries [NASDAQ lecture]. Unpublished …

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Eco104 Marx's Thought, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection contains:

• Chronology of the works of Marx and Engels [Photocopy]. (n.d.).

• Gravitation [Photocopied page with sticky note regarding Kepler and Newton]. (n.d.).

• Shaikh, A. (2001, October 24). Historical foundations I: Marx: Introduction [Typed outline for Economics 104].

• The planned structure of Marx’s economics [Figure 1]. (n.d.).

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1988, September). Outline: Brief history of Marxist political economy [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1988, September). II. From classical stages in Marx’s thought [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1992, October 5). Stages in Marx’s thought [Handwritten notes for ECO 106].

• Shaikh, …

Adam Smith And Greed, Jonathan B. Wight

Economics Faculty Publications

The virtues of greed have been widely promoted by some economists in the 20th century. Allegedly it is Adam Smith who provides this new dignity to greed (Lerner, 1937, ix). Kenneth Arrow and Frank Hahn in the General Equilibrium Analysis (1971), for example, implicitly assume that Adam Smith's self-interest is the greed that promotes economic efficiency (quoted in Evensky, 1993, 203). Walter Williams (1999), a devoted follower of Smith, writes in his column that, "Free markets, private property rights, voluntary exchange, and greed produce preferable outcomes most times and under most conditions." These pronouncements have become part of the cultural …

Disequilibrium Dynamics, Stock-Flow Consistency, And Economic Policy, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Moudud, J. K. (2005, November 4). Disequilibrium dynamics, stock-flow consistency, and economic policy [Book proposal].

Loss, Heidi Li Feldman

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Within Republican political circles, numerous state legislatures, and even the U.S. Congress, advocating caps on "noneconomic" damages in tort suits is in vogue, as part of the ongoing politics of "tort reform." Yet, the distinction between "economic" and "noneconomic" damages is nonsensical. It does not originate in the discipline of economics, but seems instead to be purely a rhetorical invention of those who wish to limit damages by any means politically possible. But law reform based on sheer rhetoric should be shunned; unprincipled rhetoric is no substitute for justificatory reasons, and to make laws without reasons exemplifies arbitrariness and injustice. …

The Relationship Between Import Prices And Inflation In The United States, Thomas D. Corrigan

WCBT Faculty Publications

Inflation has been a non-issue in the United States in recent years despite strong economic growth, on balance, and falling unemployment. Some analysts believe that "new economy" dynamics are responsible for this favorable outcome and further claim that the traditional Phillips curve tradeoff between growth and inflation is no longer a valid assumption underlying economic policy decisions. Others believe that the Phillips curve is indeed alive and well but that favorable "supply shocks" have masked the still relevant tradeoff between growth and price stability. One potential "supply shock" candidate is a declining trend in the cost of imports into the …

Trade (2), Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Real per capita GDP growth in developed and developing countries — a photocopied chart apparently excerpted from a published report. The source publication, author, and publisher are not indicated on the scanned page, so a verified full reference cannot be supplied; the data appear to span the early-to-mid 2000s.
• Handwritten notes on real exchange rates and balance-of-trade theory — Shaikh, A., PhD. Unpublished manuscript notes, undated.
• Note on new and old exchange rate file comparisons — Shaikh, A., PhD. Unpublished note referencing companion digital files, undated.
• Handwritten notes on trade balance and exchange rate derivations — Shaikh, …

Simplest Sfc, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1994, December 5). Godley: Private expenditure function [Handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A. (2005, January 15). Notes on the simplest possible stock-flow accounts: Comments on Claudio’s simplification model [Typed manuscript].

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Short-run model closures and steady state growth (Chap. 2) [Scanned pages with handwritten annotations].

• Shaikh, A. (2005, January 17). Simplest stock-flow accounts [Typed manuscript with handwritten annotations].

• Shaikh, A. (2005, January 16). Two types of stock-flow consistencies [Handwritten notes].

Course Evaluations, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Course evaluation results for world political economy (GECO 5108). (2005, Spring). [Course evaluation report]. Graduate Program in Economics, The New School for Social Research. (Anwar Shaikh, PhD, author).

• Course evaluation results for seminar on Marx, Keynes, and Kalecki (GECO 6210). (2005, Fall). [Course evaluation report]. Graduate Program in Economics, The New School for Social Research. (Anwar Shaikh, PhD, author).

• Course evaluation results for historical foundations of political economy I (GECO 5104). (2005, Fall). [Course evaluation report]. Graduate Program in Economics, The New School for Social Research. (Anwar Shaikh, PhD, author).

• …

Ltv, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Syllabus for Eco. 308S: Labor theory of value: The classical labor theory of value, covering Smith and Ricardo, with handwritten notes on the scope of work and Ricardo’s necessity of price and money. (1974, Fall). [Course syllabus with handwritten notes]. Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research. (Anwar Shaikh, PhD, author and annotator).

• Syllabus for Eco. 308S: Value seminar: The classical labor theory of value, covering sections on Smith, Ricardo, and Marx on Smith and Ricardo. (1975, Fall). [Course syllabus]. Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research. (Anwar Shaikh, …

Attitudes Toward Race, Hierarchy And Transformation In The 19th Century, Sandra J. Peart, David M. Levy

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Using the debates between Classical political economists and their critics as our lens, this paper examines the question of whether we're the same or different. Starting with Adam Smith, Classical economics presumed that humans are the same in their capacity for language and trade ; observed differences were then explained by incentives, luck and history, and it is the "vanity of the philosopher" incorrectly to conclude otherwise. Such "analytical egalitarianism" was overthrown sometime after 1850 , when notions of race and hierarchy came to infect social analysis as a result of attacks on homogeneity by the Victorian Sages (including Thomas …

Inflation, Theory, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Taft, T. Y. & Navot, E. (2005). Inflation in the United States: 1945-2004: Testing the Phillips curve and the throughput theory, and the political economy of inflation [Unpublished manuscript]. Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Science, New School University.
• Shaikh, A. (2005, November). Throughput and savings rates [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.
• Stancity, C. & Parra, M. A. (2005, November 18). Inflation in Japan [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School for Social Research.
• Palladino, L. & Mahoney, M. (2005, November 18). Inflation in Italy [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, New School …

Tech Changes + Choice Of Technique, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Hecht, J. (2001, July). Classical labour-displacing technological change: The case of the U.S. insurance industry. Cambridge Journal of Economics. Publisher details not identified.

• Shaikh, A. (2000, July 25). Pure mechanization (N → 0) [Handwritten notes discussing one-sector models, Harrod-neutral technical change, and choice of technique]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A. (2003, August 25). Choice of technique & viability condition [Handwritten notes discussing micro and macro levels, Nakatani on expected real wage, and profit rates]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Eltis, W. (1984). The classical theory of economic growth [Pages including the section “A demonstration of the tendency of the rate …

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Folder On Inflation - 2, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Notes on John Fullarton's On the Regulation of the Currencies of the Bank of England [Handwritten reading notes on currency regulation, forced currency, the Bank Act, international exchange, and bank notes]. (n.d.).
• Rudd, J., & Whelan, K. (2005, September 9). Modelling inflation dynamics: A critical survey of recent research [Annotated conference paper surveying rational-expectations, New Keynesian, hybrid, and other inflation models].
• Shaikh, A. (2003, November 24). Growth and money supply [Typed technical note on gold-sector money creation, government money printing, deficits, debt, and central-bank financing].
• Harberger, A. C. (1988). World inflation revisited [Annotated book-chapter excerpt analyzing chronic …

Folder On Inflation - 3 (Money And Gold), Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Notes to Ernest on "Marx's Theory of Value and the Transformation Problem" [Twelve-page handwritten response discussing gold as money, profit-rate equalization, prices, and the transformation problem]. (1981, June).
• Shaikh, A. (1996, February 23). Regulation of Price Level by Gold Sector [Two-page unpublished memorandum explaining how gold-sector profitability and marginal mining validate, rather than regulate, the general price level].
• Shaikh, A. Comments to Alfredo on the role of gold [Typed note distinguishing commodity money's role in international circulation from claims that gold directly determines the price level]. (n.d.).
• Cumulative expenditure gap of inflation [Handwritten one-page derivation of investment …

Folder On Inflation - 1, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Figure 1: Inflation rate vs. beta [Statistical chart comparing inflation with changes in bank credit to the public sector as a share of GDP]. (n.d.).
• U.S. and Argentina: Credit growth and real-output growth [Chart packet comparing credit growth with real-output growth in the United States and Argentina]. (n.d.).
• Shaikh, A. (2006, March 16). ECMs with non-stationary variables [Four-page annotated technical note on long-run relations, stationarity, and error-correction models].
• Draft class: IFS data and ARDL/ECM strategy [Five-page handwritten notes on IFS variables, structural breaks, long-run estimation, and model selection]. (2006, October 2).
• IFS data definitions and model specification …

The Micro-Foundations Of Intertemporal Price Discrimination, Winston T. H. Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates the optimality of intertemporal price discrimination for a durable-good monopoly in a model where infinitely-lived households face an intertemporal budget constraint, and consume both durable goods and non-durable goods. We prove that the optimal price of the durable good is not constant, and may decrease or increase over time. Some households may choose to purchase the durable good at a later date, and pay lower or higher prices, since the gain in discounted utility of consuming more of the non-durable good more than compensates for the loss in utility from delaying the consumption of the durable good.

L S Penrose's Limit Theorem: Tests By Simulation, Pao-Li Chang, Vincent Chua, Moshe Machover

Research Collection School Of Economics

LS Penrose’s limit theorem (PLT) – which is implicit in Penrose [5, p. 72] and for which he gave no rigorous proof – says that, in simple weighted voting games, if the number of voters increases indefinitely while existing voters retain their weights and the relative quota is pegged, then – under certain conditions – the ratio between the voting powers of any two voters converges to the ratio between their weights. Lindner and Machover [3] prove some special cases of PLT; and conjecture that the theorem holds, under rather general conditions, for large classes of weighted voting games, various …

Portals To Knowledge: Confluence And Conflict Between Enlightenment And Postmodern Currencies, Benjamin G. Lanier-Nabors

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

[Editors' Introduction]

In order to provide any viable critique of twenty-first-century discourses -- whether signified by late capitalism, epistemological hegemony, cultural domination, or globalization (the catch-word for all of these) -- one must not employ an ahistorical or static lens; alternatively, one must dredge up and analyze the sediments that underlie current discourses, and many of these sediments are found in the eighteenth century. More specifically, by reading the thoughts of such writers as Joseph Addison and Jonathan Swift, one is forced to read the links and antipathies between the discursive economies of epistemology -- philosophical, scientific, and economic -- …