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2023

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Articles 91 - 120 of 164

Full-Text Articles in Econometrics

Educations Effect On Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, Nicholas Garbarino Apr 2023

Educations Effect On Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, Nicholas Garbarino

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the effects of education amongst other factors on income inequality in Europe. This study examines if countries who have higher educational attainment have lower income inequality or if having higher educational attainment has no effect on income inequality. The study will include data from several European countries over two different time periods and the results will then be compared at a country level and at an overall level to see how education affects income inequality. The regression results show that a country that has higher educational attainment is more likely to have lower income inequality. These findings …

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An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Of Unemployment Rate And Economic Development Level On Income Inequality, Wenyi Gu Apr 2023

An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Of Unemployment Rate And Economic Development Level On Income Inequality, Wenyi Gu

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This study used linear regression analysis to inspect influence of unemployment rates and economic development levels on income inequality in the United States and Germany. The results indicate that the level of economic development is the main driving factor for inequality of income in America, while in Germany, high unemployment and inflation can exacerbate income inequality. This study emphasizes the importance of labor market policies, social welfare policies, and tax policies in reducing income inequality. While the analysis only covers two countries, the results have significant policy implications for addressing income inequality. Future research can expand on the factors that …

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The Determinants Of Carbon Emission In Asia And Europe: A Panel Data Analysis, Erika Hauser Apr 2023

The Determinants Of Carbon Emission In Asia And Europe: A Panel Data Analysis, Erika Hauser

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the numerous variables that influence carbon emissions in selected Asian and European countries. The study examines the countries with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in each region, considering the possible impact of economic growth on greenhouse gas emissions. The study also analyzes the role of other variables such as tourism, foreign direct investment (FDI), ecological footprint level (EFL), and agricultural output. The ecological footprint level is modeled by global hectare or the countries’ gha, which is a measure of the impact of human activities on the environment. The study estimates tourism and FDI reduce emissions, while …

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An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Specific Crimes Have On Property Values In Massachusetts, Jake Scott Apr 2023

An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Specific Crimes Have On Property Values In Massachusetts, Jake Scott

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This research paper examines the impact of specific crime types on property values in urban areas. Using a dataset of property sales and crime data from several cities in Massachusetts, a regression analysis is applied to estimate the effect of different crime types on property values. Our findings suggest that certain types of crime, such as violent crimes and drug-related offenses, have a significant negative impact on property values, while other types of crime, such as property crimes and white-collar crimes, have a relatively small effect on property values. We also find that the effect of crime on property values …

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Empirical Analysis Of Institutional Quality And Financial Development On Income Inequality In Central America, Odette Mansour Apr 2023

Empirical Analysis Of Institutional Quality And Financial Development On Income Inequality In Central America, Odette Mansour

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the effect of Institutional Quality and financial development in middle income in Central American Countries. The study incorporates information about how inequality in middle income has increased alarmingly and how we should consider improving the institution's quality. The outcomes show a positive relationship between Institutional Quality and financial development regarding middle-income society in Central American Countries, specifically: Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Honduras, which is why we suggested reforming institutional in Central American countries, letting international institutions such as the World Bank, United Nations, and IMF use their financial and political influences to promote strategies aimed …

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Empirical Analysis Of Nba Ticket Prices Correlation To Nba All-Stars, Michael Mcneil Apr 2023

Empirical Analysis Of Nba Ticket Prices Correlation To Nba All-Stars, Michael Mcneil

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the possibility of a correlation between NBA ticket prices and if NBA All-Stars increase this cost. The model will incorporate the points, rebounds, assists, and minutes an NBA team has, the number of audience members, and how many All-Stars are at the game.

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Empirical Analysis Of Nfl Ticket Price Determinants, Kenny Page Apr 2023

Empirical Analysis Of Nfl Ticket Price Determinants, Kenny Page

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This research paper examines the determinants of revenue for National Football League (NFL) franchises with respect to ticket prices. Using a dataset of ticket prices and various factors such as team performance, stadium capacity, market size, and team revenue, we analyze the relationship between ticket prices and a franchise’s revenue. The results align with past studies in this area of research as they indicate that past team performance and average attendance have the strongest effect on ticket prices. Additionally, the results reveal that stadium capacity and market size most significantly affect team revenue. We find that ticket prices are less …

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An Empirical Analysis Of The Effects Of Government Influence On Deforestation In Latin America, Francine Roberge Apr 2023

An Empirical Analysis Of The Effects Of Government Influence On Deforestation In Latin America, Francine Roberge

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates government influence and factors that may increase the rate of deforestation in Latin American countries. An empirical analysis will be conducted to measure the change in deforestation rates based on several potential influences. The analysis will look specifically at countries in Latin America that have a high level of deforestation including Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Columbia, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela from 1996 until 2011. Variables studied include accessibility, suitability for agriculture production, corruption perception, government effectiveness, political stability, GDP per capita, foreign direct investment, and trade openness. The results show that as more forest cover is lost, and …

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Granger Causality Test For Agricultural Production To Economic Growth In Thailand, Joshua Soares Apr 2023

Granger Causality Test For Agricultural Production To Economic Growth In Thailand, Joshua Soares

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This study will dive into looking at the relationship of GDP growth and agricultural production in Thailand. In order to complete this study, we will use a Unit Root test, a Johanson Cointegration Test, a Granger Causality test, and finally an Impulse response function. The results will be able to show us whether or not there is a causal relationship between agricultural production and GDP growth. The results of the tests showed us that our only variable that had any significance was Thailand’s Net Trade.

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A Granger Causality Test On The Misery Index Effects On Domestic Violence, Talia Vicente Apr 2023

A Granger Causality Test On The Misery Index Effects On Domestic Violence, Talia Vicente

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the possibility of an increase in domestic violence because of high inflation and unemployment rates in the United States. Inflation and unemployment are two factors that add together to contribute to the Misery Index. This index was created in 1970 by Arthur Okan, who used the index as a measure of economic distress felt by everyday people, due to the risk of, or actual, joblessness combined with an increasing cost of living. The data is collected from 1950’s to 2019 on factors such as unemployment, inflation, poverty, education, and GDP per capita. The results show that an …

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How International Trade And Government Integrity Affect The Structural Transformation Of Lao Pdr And Cambodia, Yixin Wan Apr 2023

How International Trade And Government Integrity Affect The Structural Transformation Of Lao Pdr And Cambodia, Yixin Wan

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper explores the how international trade and government integrity affect the structural transformation of Lao PDR and Cambodia. This empirical study is conducted by using the methodology based on Chenery-Syrquin model with several control groups that have impacted on structural transformation in Lao PDR and Cambodia. Moreover, the obtained data is from 1993 to 2021 to find out how these two countries transform from being agriculture dominant economy to being more industry-and services-oriented economy. This study has confirmed non-linear effects of both income and population on the sectoral shares and found that trade has facilitated structural transformation in Lao …

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Exploring The Relationship Between Exchange Rate Pass-Through And Cpi Inflation In Mainland China And India, Edward Zhou Apr 2023

Exploring The Relationship Between Exchange Rate Pass-Through And Cpi Inflation In Mainland China And India, Edward Zhou

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

By examining the link between exchange rate transmission and cpi inflation across countries, we investigate whether there is a considerable link between the two. In this paper, we examine data for two representative Asian countries, mainland China and India, to determine whether there is a relationship between the two. The study finds no significant link between exchange rate and cpi inflation for China by comparing 40 years of data for these two countries, but for India, there is a particularly clear link. The difference between the two is mainly due to the different exchange rate control systems implemented by the …

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The Effects Of Cultural Values On Economic Growth: An Empirical Investigation, Jake Barlow Apr 2023

The Effects Of Cultural Values On Economic Growth: An Empirical Investigation, Jake Barlow

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This study explores the relationship between cultural attitudes and national GDP growth, across several countries. Data from the World Values Survey from the 2010 through 2014 and 2005-2009 wave have been utilized to determine cultural attitudes, and data from the World Bank and USAID has been utilized for building the economic growth model. The purpose of this study is to inform policy makers regarding the effects of different cultural factors and their interactions on economic growth outcomes. The main contribution of this study is the positive impact that attitudes towards the environment have on economic growth outcomes.

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An Empirical Analysis Of Foreign Trade And Institutional Quality On Economic Growth In Asian Countries, Ruixi Huang Apr 2023

An Empirical Analysis Of Foreign Trade And Institutional Quality On Economic Growth In Asian Countries, Ruixi Huang

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This investigation explores the connections between foreign commerce, institutional quality, and economic growth in 11 Asian nations, utilizing panel data spanning 2000 to 2021. The countries are classified into Central Asia and Southeast Asia groups. Economic growth serves as the dependent variable, while trade openness, FDI, institutional quality, human capital, and terms of trade act as independent variables. The outcomes reveal that only total life expectancy at birth significantly influences Central Asian countries' economic growth. Furthermore, trade openness, FDI net inflows, and governance indicators considerably affect Southeast Asian nations. The results also indicate that institutional quality's impact on economic growth …

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An Empirical Exploration Of U.S Healthcare Discrimination And Obesity Prevalence, Arinzechukwu Maduka Apr 2023

An Empirical Exploration Of U.S Healthcare Discrimination And Obesity Prevalence, Arinzechukwu Maduka

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper offers an empirical exploration of the discriminatory nature of the US healthcare system using obesity prevalence as a primary lens. The study involves an analysis of time series data sets to examine the impact of an array of both economic and lifestyle factors on obesity rates across a statewide level. In addition to discussing the current realm of literature surrounding obesity, this paper expounds upon existing empirical models. Results show that inequality and race are significant influencers of anti-black discrimination that is ever present within society.

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An Empirical Analysis Of Prime Performing Age Of Nba Players; When Do They Reach Their Prime?, Tony Salameh Apr 2023

An Empirical Analysis Of Prime Performing Age Of Nba Players; When Do They Reach Their Prime?, Tony Salameh

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This empirical research paper investigates the prime performing age of NBA players from the perspective of General Managers. The study aims to identify the age range in which players are most effective on the court and to determine if there is a significant relationship between age and player performance. Player performance statistics data was collected from ESPN and analyzed to help determine at what age players reach their prime productivity levels for a team. The findings suggest that the prime performing age of NBA players is between 27 and 31 years old, with a slight decline in performance after the …

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Empirical Analysis Of Nba 2011 Cba Changes And Their Effects On Competitive Balance, Derek Smith Apr 2023

Empirical Analysis Of Nba 2011 Cba Changes And Their Effects On Competitive Balance, Derek Smith

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the effects of the 2011 collective bargaining agreement on the competitive balance in the National Basketball Association. It illustrates how the different rules and regulations affected various factors within the sport, and in turn how these alterations affected the competitive balance of the NBA. The goal is to exemplify the importance of NBA factors in the competitive balance of the sport and prevent incorrect manipulation of the industry. The results showed that the 2011 CBA did little to none in terms of improving the level of competitive balance within the NBA. All of the factors that were …

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Consumers And Eco-Labels: A Quantitative Analysis Of The Effects Of Various Sustainability Certification Models On Consumer Opinions, William F. Joseph Apr 2023

Consumers And Eco-Labels: A Quantitative Analysis Of The Effects Of Various Sustainability Certification Models On Consumer Opinions, William F. Joseph

Senior Theses

This research consists of an econometric analysis of the efficacy of a privatized sustainability certification model versus a proposed government-endorsed sustainability certification model within the United Sates market. Today, the widely accepted model of sustainability certification is constituted by a large market of private certifiers. By analyzing the effects of the current model and alongside the effects of a hypothetical government-endorsed system on consumer preferences for sustainably produced goods, the thesis aims to motivate further discussion into the possible benefit of adopting a government-sponsored sustainability certification system. In general, analysis of the data suggests much more promising and significant effects …

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Asymptotic Properties Of Least Squares Estimator In Local To Unity Processes With Fractional Gaussian Noises, Xiaohu Wang, Weilin Xiao, Jun Yu Apr 2023

Asymptotic Properties Of Least Squares Estimator In Local To Unity Processes With Fractional Gaussian Noises, Xiaohu Wang, Weilin Xiao, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper derives asymptotic properties of the least squares estimator of the autoregressive parameter in local to unity processes with errors being fractional Gaussian noises with the Hurst parameter H 2 (0; 1). It is shown that the estimator is consistent for all values of H 2 (0; 1). Moreover, the rate of convergence is n 1 when H 2 [0:5; 1). The rate of convergence is n 2H when H 2 (0; 0:5). Furthermore, the limiting distribution of the centered least squares estimator depends on H. When H = 0:5, the limiting distribution is the same as that obtained …

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Estimation And Inference With Near Unit Roots, Peter C. B. Phillips Apr 2023

Estimation And Inference With Near Unit Roots, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

New methods are developed for identifying, estimating, and performing inference with nonstationary time series that have autoregressive roots near unity. The approach subsumes unit-root (UR), local unit-root (LUR), mildly integrated (MI), and mildly explosive (ME) specifications in the new model formulation. It is shown how a new parameterization involving a localizing rate sequence that characterizes departures from unity can be consistently estimated in all cases. Simple pivotal limit distributions that enable valid inference about the form and degree of nonstationarity apply for MI and ME specifications and new limit theory holds in UR and LUR cases. Normalizing and variance stabilizing …

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Adjustment With Many Regressors Under Covariate-Adaptive Randomizations, Liang Jiang, Liyao Li, Ke Miao, Yichong Zhang Apr 2023

Adjustment With Many Regressors Under Covariate-Adaptive Randomizations, Liang Jiang, Liyao Li, Ke Miao, Yichong Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Our paper identifies a trade-off when using regression adjustments (RAs) in causal inference under covariate-adaptive randomizations (CARs). On one hand, RAs can improve the efficiency of causal estimators by incorporating information from covariates that are not used in the randomization. On the other hand, RAs can degrade estimation efficiency due to their estimation errors, which are not asymptotically negligible when the number of regressors is of the same order as the sample size. Failure to account for the cost of RAs can result in over-rejection of causal inference under the null hypothesis. To address this issue, we develop a unified …

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Deciding For Others: Local Public Good Contributions With Intermediaries, Andrej Angelovski, Praveen Kujal, Christos Mavridis Apr 2023

Deciding For Others: Local Public Good Contributions With Intermediaries, Andrej Angelovski, Praveen Kujal, Christos Mavridis

ESI Working Papers

Given the prevalence of local public goods, whose broader use is often limited by distance and borders, we propose a potential solution to the free-riding problem by having each participant/beneficiary delegate the public good contribution decision to a non-local intermediary who neither puts in own endowment into the public good nor benefits from it. Intermediaries make decisions under two compensation mechanisms where the incentives for the intermediary are either non-aligned (fixed) or aligned (variable) with those of the beneficiary. We find that the use of intermediaries, regardless of whether their compensation is aligned or not with that of the beneficiary, …

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Choice Flexibility And Long-Run Cooperation, Gabriele Camera, Jaehong Kim, David Rojo Arjona Mar 2023

Choice Flexibility And Long-Run Cooperation, Gabriele Camera, Jaehong Kim, David Rojo Arjona

ESI Working Papers

Cooperation does not empirically scale when strangers confront indefinitely repeated social dilemmas—despite its incentive-compatibility. Here, we investigate if an intervention can mitigate this problem: expanding the action set with partial cooperation choices. Although standard theory predicts no effect, adding interior choices to a rigid binary-choice game often boosted cooperation and efficiency in the laboratory. Under some conditions, groups of strangers achieved outcomes close to those observed in pairs of partners—where adding interior choices, instead, was inconsequential. This suggests that choice rigidities can hinder long-run cooperation.

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Failed Secular Revolutions: Religious Belief, Competition, And Extremism, Jean-Paul Carvalho, Jared Rubin, Michael Sacks Mar 2023

Failed Secular Revolutions: Religious Belief, Competition, And Extremism, Jean-Paul Carvalho, Jared Rubin, Michael Sacks

ESI Working Papers

All advanced economies have undergone secular revolutions in which religious belief and institutions have been subordinated to secular forms of authority. There are, however, numerous examples of failed secular transitions. To understand these failures, we present a religious club model with endogenous entry and cultural transmission of religious beliefs. A spike in the demand for religious belief, due for example to a negative economic shock, induces a new and more extreme organization to enter the religious market and exploit the dissatisfaction of highly religious types with the religious incumbent. The eect is larger where institutional secularization is more advanced, for …

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Modeling And Forecasting Inflation Rate In Nigeria: A Comparison Of Regression With Arima Errors And Arima Method, Barthelomew I. Ugwuanyi Mar 2023

Modeling And Forecasting Inflation Rate In Nigeria: A Comparison Of Regression With Arima Errors And Arima Method, Barthelomew I. Ugwuanyi

Bullion

The paper aimed to determine the most appropriate method for forecasting inflation rate in Nigeria between Regression with Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) errors and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) method. This study uses annual data for the period 1990-2021 from World Bank. One response variable and three predictor variables are adopted. The best ARIMA method was selected from the competing ARIMA methods using Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), while the root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) are used to select the best forecast method between the two methods of interest. The result of this …

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Assessment Of Fuel Prices As Determinants Of Inflation In Nigeria: A Vecm Approach, Adekunle B. Alexander Dr., Pelumi A. Abdulmalik Mar 2023

Assessment Of Fuel Prices As Determinants Of Inflation In Nigeria: A Vecm Approach, Adekunle B. Alexander Dr., Pelumi A. Abdulmalik

Bullion

This study examines the effect of petroleum price on the direction of inflation in Nigeria - whether or not movement in prices of other goods and services responds to increase in pump price of premium motor spirit (PMS) otherwise known as petrol in Nigeria. The study employs the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Granger causality tests to estimate the long-run relationship between petro! price and inflation as well as direction of causality for the 1991- 2021 period. Data for the study were sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and World Bank data indicators covering inflation, pump-price of …

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Cities In A Pandemic: Evidence From China, Badi H. Baltagi, Ying Deng, Li Jing, Zhenlin Yang Mar 2023

Cities In A Pandemic: Evidence From China, Badi H. Baltagi, Ying Deng, Li Jing, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper studies the impact of urban density, city government efficiency, and medical resources on COVID-19 infection and death outcomes in China. We adopt a simultaneous spatial dynamic panel data model to account for (i) the simultaneity of infection and death outcomes, (ii) the spatial pattern of the transmission, (iii) the intertemporal dynamics of the disease, and (iv) the unobserved city-specific and time-specific effects. We find that, while population density increases the level of infections, government efficiency significantly mitigates the negative impact of urban density. We also find that the availability of medical resources improves public health outcomes conditional on …

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Hypothesis Testing Via Posterior-Test-Based Bayes Factors, Yong Li, Nianling Wang, Jun Yu, Yonghui Zhang Mar 2023

Hypothesis Testing Via Posterior-Test-Based Bayes Factors, Yong Li, Nianling Wang, Jun Yu, Yonghui Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Hypothesis testing via p-value has been criticized in recent years. Bayes factors (BFs) have been tipped as a possible replacement of p-value for hypothesis testing. However, the standard BFs suffer from some theoretical and practical difficulties. For example, they are not well defined under improper priors and are subject to Jeffreys-Lindley-Bartlett’s paradox under vague priors. Moreover, they are difficult to compute for many models. In this paper, we propose to compare sampling distributions of the posterior-test-based statistics for hypothesis testing. Two posterior-test-based BFs are constructed from the posterior version of the likelihood ratio test and the Wald test, respectively. Under …

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Asymptotic Theory For Explosive Fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Processes, Hui Jiang, Yajuan Pan, Weilin Liao, Qingshan Yang, Jun Yu Mar 2023

Asymptotic Theory For Explosive Fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Processes, Hui Jiang, Yajuan Pan, Weilin Liao, Qingshan Yang, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper proposes estimators for the parameters of an explosive fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The asymptotic properties for the diffusion estimators are developed under the in-fill asymptotic scheme, while the asymptotic properties for the drift estimators are developed under the double asymptotic scheme for the full range of the Hurst parameter. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed estimators, and the asymptotic distributions provide a good approximation in finite samples. Empirical applications are presented to demonstrate the model’s usefulness and the practical value of the asymptotic theory.

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Fully Modified Least Squares Cointegrating Parameter Estimation In Multicointegrated Systems, Igor L. Kheifets, Peter C. B. Phillips Feb 2023

Fully Modified Least Squares Cointegrating Parameter Estimation In Multicointegrated Systems, Igor L. Kheifets, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

Multicointegration is traditionally defined as a particular long run relationship among variables in a parametric vector autoregressive model that introduces additional cointegrating links between these variables and partial sums of the equilibrium errors. This paper departs from the parametric model, using a semiparametric formulation that reveals the explicit role that singularity of the long run conditional covariance matrix plays in determining multicointegration. The semiparametric framework has the advantage that short run dynamics do not need to be modeled and estimation by standard techniques such as fully modified least squares (FM-OLS) on the original system is straightforward. The paper derives FM-OLS …

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