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Articles 91 - 120 of 645
Full-Text Articles in Econometrics
Experimental Research On Contests, Subhashish M. Chowdhury, Dan Kovenock, Anwesha Mukherjee
Experimental Research On Contests, Subhashish M. Chowdhury, Dan Kovenock, Anwesha Mukherjee
ESI Working Papers
Contests are situations in which agents compete by irreversibly expending costly resources in an attempt to win a prize. Due to their applications in conflict, rent-seeking, organizational incentives, sports, litigation, and political campaigns, contests are widely applied in the social sciences. In this survey we summarize some main results and recent developments of experimental studies in contest theory. We also point out their broader applications in the social sciences.
Electric Vehicles: Exploring The Granularity In California Zip Codes, Hans Melvern Kasim
Electric Vehicles: Exploring The Granularity In California Zip Codes, Hans Melvern Kasim
CMC Senior Theses
This paper studies a number of factors that affect electric vehicle (EV) sales in California. In comparison to previous papers, this paper examines EV sales at a higher granularity by using zip code level data. My model utilizes a panel fixed effect to examine factors like income, energy prices, commute time, number of chargers and tax rebates. The results show that the number of chargers (specifically DC fast), commute time, and tax rebates have the greatest statistically significant effects on EV sales in California. Furthermore, I utilize an empirical specification - a conditional logit model accounting for zip code fixed …
Driven By Change: The Impact Of Macroeconomic Shifts And Covid-19 On New Vehicle Sales, Jackson Aldrich
Driven By Change: The Impact Of Macroeconomic Shifts And Covid-19 On New Vehicle Sales, Jackson Aldrich
CMC Senior Theses
This paper examines the impact of macroeconomic factors and the COVID-19 pandemic on new vehicle sales. In order to address these two topics, a two-pronged approach was used with separate regression models. The macroeconomic variables include monthly supply of new homes, CPI for urban public transportation, unemployment rate, disposable personal income, inflation expectation, consumer sentiment, average gas prices, and total vehicle miles traveled which were regressed on total vehicle sales from 1978-2022. The regression results confirmed and supported current literature and highlighted the importance of the housing market and unemployment rate on new vehicle sales. The COVID-19 pandemic model variables …
Financial Contagion And Financial Lockdowns, Gabriele Camera, Alessandro Gioffré
Financial Contagion And Financial Lockdowns, Gabriele Camera, Alessandro Gioffré
ESI Working Papers
Extreme financial shocks often elicit extraordinary policy interventions that preclude financial activity on a large scale, for example as the 1933 U.S. “bank holiday.” We study these interventions using a random matching framework where the financial contagion process is explicit and the diffusion of the initial shock can be analytically characterized. The study suggests that there is scope for forced closures of individual firms or even economy-wide financial lockdowns only when firms are financially vulnerable and policy institutions are not well-functioning. Here, ordinary policy alone cannot prevent or sufficiently mitigate contagion, while complementing it with a lockdown or individual closures …
Evolution Of Primate Vocal Repertoires: Vocal Systems As Embodied Capital For Mediating Within-Group Conflict, Eric Schniter, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre
Evolution Of Primate Vocal Repertoires: Vocal Systems As Embodied Capital For Mediating Within-Group Conflict, Eric Schniter, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre
ESI Working Papers
Life history traits constrain investments in costly neural and somatic embodied capital, potentially shaping the evolution of primate vocal communication systems. This study integrates life history theory with the social complexity hypothesis to test a sequential pathway from longevity to social dynamics to vocal repertoire size, using updated vocal repertoire data for McComb & Semple’s (2005) set of 42 non-human primate species, alongside measures of group size and within-group conflict. We compiled data on vocal repertoire size, within-group conflict, group size, endocranial volume, and maximum longevity, analysing these via Phylogenetic Sequential Canonical Cascade Model and ancestral character reconstructions. …
Heat & Social Cooperation: The Effects Of Thermal Stress On Altruism, Alexander J. Courtman
Heat & Social Cooperation: The Effects Of Thermal Stress On Altruism, Alexander J. Courtman
Master's Theses
Recent literature has highlighted the effects of temperature on economic outcomes and violence in humans, on both the interpersonal and intergroup levels: as temperatures rise, humans are more likely to exhibit increased aggression and agitation. However, little research has been done on how pro-social behaviors like cooperation and altruism among humans might respond to increased temperatures. As extreme heat events increase in frequency, will humans and communities work together in the face of adverse shocks and crises? Leveraging experimental data collected randomized controlled trails held in 4 locations across the world, this paper seeks to establish a relationship between thermal …
Human-Robot Interactions: Insights From Experimental And Evolutionary Social Sciences, Eric Schniter
Human-Robot Interactions: Insights From Experimental And Evolutionary Social Sciences, Eric Schniter
ESI Working Papers
"Experimental research in the realm of human-robot interactions has focused on the behavioral and psychological influences affecting human interaction and cooperation with robots. A robot is loosely defined as a device designed to perform agentic tasks autonomously or under remote control, often replicating or assisting human actions. Robots can vary widely in form, ranging from simple assembly line machines performing repetitive actions to advanced systems with no moving parts but with artificial intelligence (AI) capable of learning, problem-solving, communicating, and adapting to diverse environments and human interactions. Applications of experimental human-robot interaction research include the design, development, and implementation of …
Enlightenment Ideals And Belief In Progress In The Run-Up To The Industrial Revolution: A Textual Analysis, Ali Almelhem, Murat Iyigun, Austin Kennedy, Jared Rubin
Enlightenment Ideals And Belief In Progress In The Run-Up To The Industrial Revolution: A Textual Analysis, Ali Almelhem, Murat Iyigun, Austin Kennedy, Jared Rubin
ESI Working Papers
We trace the evolution of the language of science, religion, and political economy in the centuries leading to the British Industrial Revolution. Using textual analysis of 264,443 works printed in England between 1500 and 1900, we test whether British culture manifested a belief in progress associated with science and industry. Our analysis yields three main findings. First, there was a separation in the languages of science and religion beginning in the mid-18th century. Second, volumes using language at the nexus of science and political economy became more progress-oriented during the Enlightenment. Third, volumes using industrial language—especially those at the science-political …
Suggested Versus Extended Gifts: How Alternative Market Institutions Mitigate Moral Hazard, Weiwei Zheng, Jason Shachat, Daniel Houser
Suggested Versus Extended Gifts: How Alternative Market Institutions Mitigate Moral Hazard, Weiwei Zheng, Jason Shachat, Daniel Houser
ESI Working Papers
Gift exchange can partially mitigate supply-side moral hazard, even in anonymous market interactions. In a market where quality is not fully contractable, the amount that a price exceeds the market-clearing level for the lowest quality is a gift from the buyer. We show that the gift formation process, inextricably linked with a market institution’s price formation process, greatly influences the size and effectiveness of the gift. When the market institution dictates that prices are formed by bids posted by buyers, any gift is one extended to the seller. When the market institution dictates that prices are formed by offers posted …
Match Stability With A Costly And Flexible Number Of Positions, James Gilmore, David Porter
Match Stability With A Costly And Flexible Number Of Positions, James Gilmore, David Porter
ESI Working Papers
One of the objectives of two-sided matching mechanisms is to pair two groups of agents such that there is no incentive for pair deviation. The outcome of a match can significantly impact participants. While much of the existing research in this field addresses the matching with fixed quotas, this is not always applicable. We introduce the concept of slot stability, recognizing the potential motivation for organizations to modify their quotas after the match. We propose an algorithm designed to create stable and slot stable matches by employing flexible, endogenous quotas to address this issue.
Religion And Growth, Sascha O. Becker, Jared Rubin, Ludger Woessmann
Religion And Growth, Sascha O. Becker, Jared Rubin, Ludger Woessmann
ESI Working Papers
We use the elements of a macroeconomic production function—physical capital, human capital, labor, and technology—together with standard growth models to frame the role of religion in economic growth. Unifying a growing literature, we argue that religion can enhance or impinge upon economic growth through all four elements because it shapes individual preferences, societal norms, and institutions. Religion affects physical capital accumulation by influencing thrift and financial development. It affects human capital through both religious and secular education. It affects population and labor by influencing work effort, fertility, and the demographic transition. And it affects total factor productivity by constraining or …
Group Identity And The Formation Of Conditional Social Preferences Among Chinese Youth, Timo Heinrich, Jason Shachat, Qinjuan Wan
Group Identity And The Formation Of Conditional Social Preferences Among Chinese Youth, Timo Heinrich, Jason Shachat, Qinjuan Wan
ESI Working Papers
Con icts between local and migrant populations have been ubiquitous in modern China. We examine the potential for longer-term amelioration of this conflict through successive generations and intergroup contact within integrated schooling. We adopt the perspective that in- and out-group biased behaviour structurally arises from group conditional social preferences. We assess the group-conditional social preferences of local and migrant children in a second-tier Chinese city, Xiamen, and the extent these preferences correlate with those of their parents. We find that local students have a greater likelihood of Egalitarian preferences and a lower likelihood of Generous preferences when allocating with locals …
Discrete Rule Learning In First Price Auctions, Jason Shachat, Lijia Wei
Discrete Rule Learning In First Price Auctions, Jason Shachat, Lijia Wei
ESI Working Papers
We present a hidden Markov model of discrete strategic heterogeneity and learning in first price independent private values auctions. The model includes three latent bidding rules: constant absolute mark-up, constant percentage mark-up, and strategic best response. Rule switching probabilities depend upon a bidder's past auction outcomes and a myopic reinforcement learning dynamic. We apply this model to a new experiment that varies the number of bidders and the auction frame between forward and reverse. We find the proportion of bidders following constant absolute mark-up increases with experience, and is higher when the number of bidders is large. The primary driver …
Endogenous Political Legitimacy: The Tudor Roots Of England’S Constitutional Governance, Avner Greif, Jared Rubin
Endogenous Political Legitimacy: The Tudor Roots Of England’S Constitutional Governance, Avner Greif, Jared Rubin
ESI Working Papers
This paper highlights the importance of endogenous changes in the foundations of legitimacy for political regimes. It focuses on the central role of legitimacy changes in the rise of constitutional monarchy in England. It first defines legitimacy and briefly elaborates a theoretical framework enabling a historical study of this unobservable variable. It proceeds to substantiate that the low-legitimacy, post-Reformation Tudor monarchs of the 16th century promoted Parliament to enhance their legitimacy, thereby changing the legislative process from the “Crown and Parliament” to the “Crown in Parliament” that still prevails in England.
Feeling The Heat: Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Of Heat On Human Cooperation, Scott K. Klaus
Feeling The Heat: Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Of Heat On Human Cooperation, Scott K. Klaus
Master's Theses
The goal of this paper is to examine how increased temperatures affect human behavior in terms of cooperation. Currently, there is an abundance of literature regarding increased aggression in humans as temperatures rise. However, there is ambiguity concerning whether a similar effect exists in altering levels of cooperation in human interactions. Additionally, people of different characteristics may be influenced by heat at varying levels. First, we run a baseline model of prosociality on different heat measurements, such as standard and wet-bulb temperatures. Included in this model are experimental specification variables, a “trigger”, and characteristics. The trigger is defined as losing …
Sweet And Timely Insurance: The Role Of Honey In Reducing Coffee Producer Food Insecurity Exposure In Mexico, Grant Xavier Storer
Sweet And Timely Insurance: The Role Of Honey In Reducing Coffee Producer Food Insecurity Exposure In Mexico, Grant Xavier Storer
Master's Theses
Smallholder coffee producers face a combination of pre- and post-harvest risk factors that leaves them particularly vulnerable to food insecurity. A popular form of on-farm diversification is honey production through beekeeping, that has both nutritional and commercial value. This study investigates the role of honey production as means of food security management due to the heightened pollinating activity during the coffee flowering stage that follows the annual coffee harvest provides an additional non-contemporaneous source of income. Using primary data collected in coffee-producing regions of Chiapas, Mexico, I find that during the honey harvest months, which occurs during the early stage …
Economic Impact Assessment Of Nature-Based Coastal Resilience Solutions In Charleston. Estimating Local Economic Effects With Algorithm-Based Supporting Tool., Oksana Veselkova
Economic Impact Assessment Of Nature-Based Coastal Resilience Solutions In Charleston. Estimating Local Economic Effects With Algorithm-Based Supporting Tool., Oksana Veselkova
All Theses
Coastal cities are at the forefront of the risks induced by climate change. Local communities are adversely affected, but the essential cultural assets and economies are also at risk of damage or destruction. In the efforts to limit hazard risk exposure, local governments are increasingly planning for long-term flood protection. One prospective flood risk mitigation measure is living shorelines or nature-based adaptation. The coastal ecosystems, such as beaches, wetlands, barrier islands, oyster reefs, and salt marshes, deliver multiple benefits to communities, including recreation, natural resources, freshwater, and carbon sequestration. Moreover, when combined with structural solutions, they can effectively reduce water …
Essays On The Economics Of Sports Wagering Markets, Jacob Lamb
Essays On The Economics Of Sports Wagering Markets, Jacob Lamb
All Dissertations
Economists have long been enamored with using wagering markets and sports data to answer various economic questions. Wagering market data are readily available to answer any number of questions relating to sports and economics. However, most studies surrounding wagering markets have focused on searching for inefficiencies and, consequently, profitable betting strategies against the house. This dissertation takes a different approach, focusing on the information that can be extracted from efficient wagering markets and using that information to answer economic questions. Rather than hunting for inefficiencies, this dissertation confirms the efficiency of wagering markets and uses wagering markets to answer questions …
Fenway And Crime: Opportunity, Geographic Differences, And Team Rivalry At Boston Red Sox Games, Cole Mcgovern
Fenway And Crime: Opportunity, Geographic Differences, And Team Rivalry At Boston Red Sox Games, Cole Mcgovern
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
Although hosting professional sports are often seen as a financial benefit for cities, there are also associated costs. This paper investigates the possibility of interdependence between a variety of crimes and home game days of the Boston Red Sox. When adjusting for game attendance and length, minor assaults charges such as disorderly conduct and simple assault increase city-wide during game days. Despite this, all crime around the immediate stadium area decreases in volume. Additionally, this study examines differences in geographical impacts and crime levels, when a game was played, and games played against the New York Yankees, their historic rival.
The Happiness-Income Paradox: A Cross Sectional Analysis, Samantha Sczepanski
The Happiness-Income Paradox: A Cross Sectional Analysis, Samantha Sczepanski
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper presents an empirical analysis of how income, education and healthcare affect overall happiness in a country. By using data found through the world happiness report, Statista and the world population review, I was able to analyze the relationship between these three variables and the overall happiness index from 100 counties. The results showed that while all three variables have a positive relationship with the happiness index, mean income had the strongest relationship. I was also able to explore potential other variables that could have an effect which were cost of higher education, percentage of population with secondary or …
Empirical Analysis Of Firearm-Related Deaths In The United States Based On Sex, Race, And Age, Dominik Dacruz
Empirical Analysis Of Firearm-Related Deaths In The United States Based On Sex, Race, And Age, Dominik Dacruz
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This empirical study examines firearm deaths via sex, race, and age in the United States. They have a look at making use of information from dependable assets such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Vital Statistics System. Descriptive and theoretical statistical analyzes are used to look at the relationship between those elements and firearm-associated mortality throughout agencies inside the US. The effects display that gun homicides have persisted to rise over the years, with guys and African Americans most tormented by gun violence Suicide is the main motive of gun deaths, observed through homicide and …
Educations Effect On Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, Nicholas Garbarino
Educations Effect On Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, Nicholas Garbarino
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the effects of education amongst other factors on income inequality in Europe. This study examines if countries who have higher educational attainment have lower income inequality or if having higher educational attainment has no effect on income inequality. The study will include data from several European countries over two different time periods and the results will then be compared at a country level and at an overall level to see how education affects income inequality. The regression results show that a country that has higher educational attainment is more likely to have lower income inequality. These findings …
An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Of Unemployment Rate And Economic Development Level On Income Inequality, Wenyi Gu
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This study used linear regression analysis to inspect influence of unemployment rates and economic development levels on income inequality in the United States and Germany. The results indicate that the level of economic development is the main driving factor for inequality of income in America, while in Germany, high unemployment and inflation can exacerbate income inequality. This study emphasizes the importance of labor market policies, social welfare policies, and tax policies in reducing income inequality. While the analysis only covers two countries, the results have significant policy implications for addressing income inequality. Future research can expand on the factors that …
The Determinants Of Carbon Emission In Asia And Europe: A Panel Data Analysis, Erika Hauser
The Determinants Of Carbon Emission In Asia And Europe: A Panel Data Analysis, Erika Hauser
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the numerous variables that influence carbon emissions in selected Asian and European countries. The study examines the countries with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in each region, considering the possible impact of economic growth on greenhouse gas emissions. The study also analyzes the role of other variables such as tourism, foreign direct investment (FDI), ecological footprint level (EFL), and agricultural output. The ecological footprint level is modeled by global hectare or the countries’ gha, which is a measure of the impact of human activities on the environment. The study estimates tourism and FDI reduce emissions, while …
An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Specific Crimes Have On Property Values In Massachusetts, Jake Scott
An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Specific Crimes Have On Property Values In Massachusetts, Jake Scott
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This research paper examines the impact of specific crime types on property values in urban areas. Using a dataset of property sales and crime data from several cities in Massachusetts, a regression analysis is applied to estimate the effect of different crime types on property values. Our findings suggest that certain types of crime, such as violent crimes and drug-related offenses, have a significant negative impact on property values, while other types of crime, such as property crimes and white-collar crimes, have a relatively small effect on property values. We also find that the effect of crime on property values …
Empirical Analysis Of Institutional Quality And Financial Development On Income Inequality In Central America, Odette Mansour
Empirical Analysis Of Institutional Quality And Financial Development On Income Inequality In Central America, Odette Mansour
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the effect of Institutional Quality and financial development in middle income in Central American Countries. The study incorporates information about how inequality in middle income has increased alarmingly and how we should consider improving the institution's quality. The outcomes show a positive relationship between Institutional Quality and financial development regarding middle-income society in Central American Countries, specifically: Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Honduras, which is why we suggested reforming institutional in Central American countries, letting international institutions such as the World Bank, United Nations, and IMF use their financial and political influences to promote strategies aimed …
Empirical Analysis Of Nba Ticket Prices Correlation To Nba All-Stars, Michael Mcneil
Empirical Analysis Of Nba Ticket Prices Correlation To Nba All-Stars, Michael Mcneil
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the possibility of a correlation between NBA ticket prices and if NBA All-Stars increase this cost. The model will incorporate the points, rebounds, assists, and minutes an NBA team has, the number of audience members, and how many All-Stars are at the game.
Empirical Analysis Of Nfl Ticket Price Determinants, Kenny Page
Empirical Analysis Of Nfl Ticket Price Determinants, Kenny Page
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This research paper examines the determinants of revenue for National Football League (NFL) franchises with respect to ticket prices. Using a dataset of ticket prices and various factors such as team performance, stadium capacity, market size, and team revenue, we analyze the relationship between ticket prices and a franchise’s revenue. The results align with past studies in this area of research as they indicate that past team performance and average attendance have the strongest effect on ticket prices. Additionally, the results reveal that stadium capacity and market size most significantly affect team revenue. We find that ticket prices are less …
An Empirical Analysis Of The Effects Of Government Influence On Deforestation In Latin America, Francine Roberge
An Empirical Analysis Of The Effects Of Government Influence On Deforestation In Latin America, Francine Roberge
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates government influence and factors that may increase the rate of deforestation in Latin American countries. An empirical analysis will be conducted to measure the change in deforestation rates based on several potential influences. The analysis will look specifically at countries in Latin America that have a high level of deforestation including Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Columbia, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela from 1996 until 2011. Variables studied include accessibility, suitability for agriculture production, corruption perception, government effectiveness, political stability, GDP per capita, foreign direct investment, and trade openness. The results show that as more forest cover is lost, and …
Granger Causality Test For Agricultural Production To Economic Growth In Thailand, Joshua Soares
Granger Causality Test For Agricultural Production To Economic Growth In Thailand, Joshua Soares
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This study will dive into looking at the relationship of GDP growth and agricultural production in Thailand. In order to complete this study, we will use a Unit Root test, a Johanson Cointegration Test, a Granger Causality test, and finally an Impulse response function. The results will be able to show us whether or not there is a causal relationship between agricultural production and GDP growth. The results of the tests showed us that our only variable that had any significance was Thailand’s Net Trade.