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Articles 1 - 30 of 222
Full-Text Articles in Econometrics
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Journal of Nonprofit Innovation
Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.
Imagine Doris, who is …
Will The Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028 Targets Be Met?, Jesus Felipe
Will The Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028 Targets Be Met?, Jesus Felipe
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
EARLY THIS YEAR, President Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. signed the Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028 (PDP). The document contains hundreds of targets. Some of the key targets to be attained by 2028 are as follows (in fact, the Plan provides yearly targets):
1.) an annual growth rate of 6.5-8% (since 2024); 2.) a gross national income per capita of $6,044-$6,571 (50% higher than that in 2023); 3.) inflation between 2%-4% (from 2.5%-4.5% in 2023); 4.) a government fiscal deficit of 3% (from 6.1% in 2023); 5.) a debt-to-GDP ratio of 48%-53% (from 60%-62% in 2023); 6.) an unemployment rate of 4%-5% (from …
Time Allocation Pattern For Household And Expenditure Saving Market Activities By Using Economic Value Of Time: A Gender-Based Analysis In Pakistan, Hamna Nasir, Ambreen Fatima, Gulrukh Zahid
Time Allocation Pattern For Household And Expenditure Saving Market Activities By Using Economic Value Of Time: A Gender-Based Analysis In Pakistan, Hamna Nasir, Ambreen Fatima, Gulrukh Zahid
Business Review
The objective of this study is to estimate the opportunity cost of time spent on household work and expenditure saving market work performed by individuals by taking into account their personal and socio-demographic characteristics. Data is gathered from Labour Force Survey of Pakistan for different years. Pseudo panel technique is used by making cohorts of household and expenditure saving market activities, region and province. Increase in the opportunity cost of time increases female household work hours and expenditure saving market hours by 6.2 and 7.001 hours/week respectively, whereas increase in the opportunity cost of time increases male household hours and …
Impact Of Demand For H1b Visas In The Us On The Performance Of Listed Indian Firms, Jayaditya Shekhar Maliye
Impact Of Demand For H1b Visas In The Us On The Performance Of Listed Indian Firms, Jayaditya Shekhar Maliye
CMC Senior Theses
This thesis examines the relationship between Indian firm performance and the demand for H1B visas in the US. To test this relationship, a fixed effects model has been used on a panel dataset of 104 Indian firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) over the period 2009 to 2021. The results show that an increase in H1B visa demand is negatively and significantly associated with Indian firm performance. These findings suggest that the US’s demand for high skilled labor overseas has consequences for firms in the home country.
An Investigation On Wage Penalties: The Effect Of Foreign-Born Status On Employee Wages, Salaries, And Incomes In The United States And Canada, Lucy C. Dustman
An Investigation On Wage Penalties: The Effect Of Foreign-Born Status On Employee Wages, Salaries, And Incomes In The United States And Canada, Lucy C. Dustman
Scripps Senior Theses
This paper investigates whether there is a wage penalty that negatively affects foreign-born employees in the United States and Canada, addressing the following two questions: (1) Does being a foreign-born employee result in a wage penalty in the United States and Canada? And if so, (2) How does this penalty differ across the two countries over time? With data collected from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMs), four separate multiple linear regression models are estimated to compare the presence of wage penalties across various industries and occupations. These analyses cover the following comparisons: the United States in 1990 and …
Child Cognitive Achievement Gaps: The Role Of Family Structure And Maternal Locus Of Control In Parental Investment, Nalinda K. Murray
Child Cognitive Achievement Gaps: The Role Of Family Structure And Maternal Locus Of Control In Parental Investment, Nalinda K. Murray
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Little exploration has been done to determine the impact of family structure on parental investment decisions and how gaps in children’s cognitive achievement are affected in turn. To examine the role of family structure, this paper estimates the production function for children’s cognitive achievement using a value-added specification with instrumental variables estimation. A novel feature of this research is that variation in family structure and maternal locus of control are exploited in an effort to account for the endogeneity of parental investment and children’s cognitive performance. Applying my methodology to data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and …
Universal Basic Income And The Alaska Permanent Fund: Impact On Labor Outcomes And Skill Composition, Michele Cafasso
Universal Basic Income And The Alaska Permanent Fund: Impact On Labor Outcomes And Skill Composition, Michele Cafasso
Theses and Dissertations
To analyze the effects of universal basic income on labor supply and human capital, I estimate the effects of Alaska’s Permanent Fund on employment, hours worked, and skills using data from the Current Population Survey and O*NET. My method combines synthetic control and difference-in-differences regressions.
The Economic Returns To Bilingualism In The U.S Labor Market, Mara Macdonald
The Economic Returns To Bilingualism In The U.S Labor Market, Mara Macdonald
All Theses
This paper uses pooled cross-sectional data from the General Social Survey to analyze the economic returns of bilingualism to adults in the U.S labor market. Bilingualism in the US is defined as English proficient individuals who also report speaking a foreign language “very well” or “well”. Using OLS Least Squares regression estimation where the dependent variable is the logarithm of earnings, I modify the Mincer earnings function to include foreign language skill variables and controls for observed demographic characteristics. Holding all levels of human capital constant, bilinguals earn 7.7% less than English monolinguals in the U.S labor market; however, this …
Does My Skin Tone Really Matter? A Socioeconomic Analysis In Nigeria., Mutiu O. Fakorede
Does My Skin Tone Really Matter? A Socioeconomic Analysis In Nigeria., Mutiu O. Fakorede
Master's Theses
Abstract: Does my skin tone really matter? If it does, to what extent and direction does skin tone predict socioeconomic outcomes, especially amongst people of color who have experienced colonial rule with its white supremacy agenda? In this research, we examined if skin tone measured in individual typology angle (ITA) does not affect employability, income, partner selection, and political representativeness. With a focus on Nigeria, the most populous black nation, a former British colony, we addressed this broad question through a survey. Using the iterative capability of Qualtrics which randomly picks a set of three pictures with known ITA and …
A Stepping-Stone? An Analysis Of How The Minimum Wage Impacts The Wage Growth Of Individuals In Monopsonistic Industries, Levi Mcatee
Honors Projects
Do minimum wage increases serve as stepping-stones to higher-paying jobs for low-pay workers? This paper analyzes the impact of state minimum wage policy on the one-year wage growth rates of individuals across the wage distribution and whether that impact changes for individuals in highly monopsonistic industries. I review the recent literature on the disemployment effect, the impact of the minimum wage on wage growth rates, the nature of monopsonistic industries, and the relationship between the minimum wage and monopsony power. I offer theoretical reasons why the minimum wage may impact the wage growth rates of individuals in monopsonistic industries differently …
Evaluating The Impact Of Off-Farm Decisions On Federal Government Program Utilization And Financial Success For Missouri's Beginning Farmers, Lyndsey Ann Parker
Evaluating The Impact Of Off-Farm Decisions On Federal Government Program Utilization And Financial Success For Missouri's Beginning Farmers, Lyndsey Ann Parker
MSU Graduate Theses
Farmers and ranchers will have to increase production by approximately 70% by the year 2050 according to the American Farm Bureau Federation (2017). People in the agriculture industry face several challenges from start-up costs to limited land availability (Ahearn, 2011). There are federal and state government programs available to assist with some of these challenges but bring their own hardships as well. This study measures off-farm decisions that affect financial performance and utilization of government programs for Missouri’s farmers and ranchers. Three types of financial performance of Missouri farms are prioritized in this study, liquidity (current ratio), solvency (debt-to-asset ratio), …
Covid-19 School Re-Openings: The Effect On Women’S Labor Force Participation, Isabella Difeo
Covid-19 School Re-Openings: The Effect On Women’S Labor Force Participation, Isabella Difeo
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
As schools and daycares closed in March of 2020, mothers left the labor market in droves, either completely giving up their jobs or significantly cutting back on hours in order to care for children and/or help facilitate online learning. Furthermore, fields historically dominated by women were particularly hard hit, such as education, hospitality, and retail causing many women who may not be mothers to leave the work force as well. This paper considers how women’s labor force participation has changed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and how the re-opening of schools, in particular, has impacted women’s return to the workforce. Triple …
Discrimination Among College Football Head Coaches, Yusuke Fukuda
Discrimination Among College Football Head Coaches, Yusuke Fukuda
Honors Theses
Several major sports organizations have come under scrutiny in recent years for alleged discriminatory practices towards minority coaches. In this paper, I analyze whether minority college football head coaches are more likely to be fired and to earn a lower salary. I observe a sample of 300 head coaches from 132 Division-I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) schools between the years 2006 to 2021. After controlling for performance and experience variables and holding the time and school or conference variables fixed in a Cox hazard regression model, I find statistically significant evidence that minority coaches face a higher likelihood of being …
The Effects Of Recent Minimum Wage Increases On Self-Reported Health In The United States, Liam Sigaud
The Effects Of Recent Minimum Wage Increases On Self-Reported Health In The United States, Liam Sigaud
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A sharp income-health gradient exists in the United States. Lower levels of income are associated with higher rates of mortality, morbidity, and risky health behaviors, as well as decreased access to health care. Growing evidence of a causal link between income and health suggests that government income-support policies may be an effective strategy for improving health outcomes among poor Americans. One such policy – the minimum wage – has experienced a surge in popularity in recent years. In 2019, twenty-five states and the District of Columbia increased their minimum wage, up from only eight states in 2011. Yet the literature …
An Inferentially Robust Look At Two Competing Explanations For The Surge In Unauthorized Migration From Central America, Nick Santos
Dissertations
The last 8 years have seen a dramatic increase in the flow of Central American apprehensions by the U.S. Border Patrol. Explanations for this surge in apprehensions have been split between two leading hypotheses. Most academic scholars, immigrant advocates, progressive media outlets, and human rights organizations identify poverty and violence (the Poverty and Violence Hypothesis) in Central America as the primary triggers responsible. In contrast, while most government officials, conservative think tanks, and the agencies that work in the immigration and border enforcement realm admit poverty and violence may underlie some decisions to migrate, they instead blame lax U.S. immigration …
The Effect Of Low Skill Job Opportunities On Postsecondary Enrollment, Mallory Radesic
The Effect Of Low Skill Job Opportunities On Postsecondary Enrollment, Mallory Radesic
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
This research examines the effect that low skill job opportunities have on the probability of enrollment in postsecondary institutions between men and women, namely the construction and manufacturing industries. The research is based on the human capital investment theory, which states that individuals will enroll in postsecondary institutions when the perceived benefits outweigh the costs. More job opportunity heightens the opportunity cost of enrollment, hence lowering the probability of enrollment. After running a probit model, there is evidence that enrollment is countercyclical and that enrollment decisions do not vary significantly between men and women. I find that a 1 percent …
Impacto De Los Subsidios En La Informalidad En Colombia Para 2010, 2013 Y 2016: Un Análisis Econométrico, Mateo Hasane Vega García
Impacto De Los Subsidios En La Informalidad En Colombia Para 2010, 2013 Y 2016: Un Análisis Econométrico, Mateo Hasane Vega García
Economía
En este trabajo se busca llenar uno de los vacíos en el estudio del mercado laboral de Colombia, la informalidad y su relación con los subsidios otorgados por el gobierno a la población vulnerable. Se va a generar un modelo probabilístico que capture la relación entre los subsidios, que ofrece el gobierno a las personas que conformen una de las partes de la población más vulnerable en el país, y su impacto al momento de decidir si el individuo escogerá ser parte del trabajo formal o informal. Para esto se utiliza la Encuesta Longitudinal para Colombia de la Universidad de …
Determinantes Macroeconómicos De Los Salarios Reales Urbanos De Colombia 1996 - 2019, David Felipe Vargas Cadena
Determinantes Macroeconómicos De Los Salarios Reales Urbanos De Colombia 1996 - 2019, David Felipe Vargas Cadena
Economía
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinarlos principales factores macroeconómicos que influyen en los salarios y por tanto en el poder adquisitivo de los trabajadores de las distintas actividades económicas urbanas de Colombia, para el periodo 1990-2019. El poder adquisitivo, representado en el salario real como forma de retribución de la mano de obra, permite entender la magnitud de la apreciación del trabajo a través del tiempo, por lo que es posible diferenciar el poder de compra de los ingresos de los trabajadores comprendiendo la no homogeneidad de los salarios, tanto en su comportamiento histórico, como en la actividad económica …
Essays On Paid Sick Leave In The United States, Shaoying Ma
Essays On Paid Sick Leave In The United States, Shaoying Ma
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation consists of two chapters.
Chapter 1 This study estimates the causal effect of access to paid sick leave on worker mobility, by exploiting variation in the implementation of local paid sick leave mandates over time in the U.S. I use May 2004 - June 2019 Current Population Survey (CPS) basic monthly data, and by taking a Difference-in-Differences approach, I find that the local mandates significantly reduce private sector employees' monthly job turnover. This study is, to the best of my knowledge, the first to present the effect of local paid sick leave mandates in the U.S. on worker …
How Did Medicaid Expansion Affect The Provider Labor Market?, Aaron Wu
How Did Medicaid Expansion Affect The Provider Labor Market?, Aaron Wu
Honors Theses
One provision of the Affordable Care Act was to expand Medicaid eligibility for a greater number of low-income patients. The resulting increase in demand for care was largely explored, but the effect of the 2014 Medicaid expansion on the physician and advanced practitioner labor market has not been well researched by economists. Using pooled cross-sectional data from the 2010 – 2018 American Community Surveys, this paper examines whether the Medicaid expansion has caused notable changes in physician, physician assistant, and nurse practitioner hours, compensation, and overall employment. The literature shows that practices that employ nurse practitioners are far more likely …
Shocks To Aggregate Demand And Aggregate Supply In The Midst Of Covid-19, Anna M. Gellerman
Shocks To Aggregate Demand And Aggregate Supply In The Midst Of Covid-19, Anna M. Gellerman
Publications and Research
COVID-19 sent shockwaves throughout the economy, changing the amounts of goods and services distributed and altering the demand. This article discusses the negative demand shock and adverse supply shock that the U.S. economy faced in 2020, and the policies that the government implemented to reverse these effects.
Essays On Criminal Behaviour, Human Capital Formation, And Mental Health, Diego F. Salazar
Essays On Criminal Behaviour, Human Capital Formation, And Mental Health, Diego F. Salazar
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
My thesis consists of three chapters that contribute to the study of some of the negative consequences of incarceration and their relation with the life-cycle choices of juvenile offenders.
Chapter 2 studies the causal relationship between incarceration and mental health problems. In this chapter, I use different matching estimators to identify the causal effects of incarceration over several dimensions of mental health using data from a survey of juvenile offenders, the Pathways to Desistance (PTD) survey. My findings show that being incarcerated for the first time, between 17 and 18 years old, increases depression by at least 0.18 standard deviations …
Grower Risk And Community Perception: Impediments To Growing Maine's Aquaculture Industry, Avery W. Cole
Grower Risk And Community Perception: Impediments To Growing Maine's Aquaculture Industry, Avery W. Cole
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Maine has a long and proud history of working waterfronts and commercial fishing. However, in recent decades, aquaculture, or the harvesting or growing of aquatic life, has emerged as another player in the coastal economy. Globally, aquaculture is experiencing the fastest growth of any food sector in the world as it subsidizes floundering wild-capture fisheries (FAO, 2014). Maine and the rest of the United States have not yet participated in this growth, which has led stakeholders and policymakers like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to advocate for massive improvements to the sector by 2020 (NOAA, 2016). To ensure …
An Economic Analysis Of Student Loan Default, Arianna Castonguay
An Economic Analysis Of Student Loan Default, Arianna Castonguay
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cumulative student loan debt in the United States has now surpassed $1.5 trillion. Moreover, since the turn of the century, cohort default rates of these loans have steadily risen across all types of institutions. The latest data from the U.S. Department of Education shows 10.8 percent of borrowers who entered repayment in fiscal year 2015 have defaulted within three years. In turn, the first chapter of this paper summarizes student loan policies as well as trends in debt and default. Furthermore, it highlights the consequences of high student debt and default for individual borrowers and the economy. Results show evidence …
Measurement Of Childhood Poverty In The United States And Its Enduring Influences, Zi Yang
Measurement Of Childhood Poverty In The United States And Its Enduring Influences, Zi Yang
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
This paper measures childhood poverty in the United States and classifies it into three degrees based on different durations – persistent poverty, chronic transient poverty, and non-chronic transient poverty – using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) data and actual poverty thresholds in the United States. Then I examine the enduring influences of different types of childhood poverty on future performance, including academic achievement, income, and criminal behavior, utilizing OLS and logistic models as well as Mincer wage functions. The regression results show that childhood poverty has a negative impact on schooling years and earnings. Living in poverty increases …
The Impact Of Regional Return On Education On The Self-Selection Of Mexican Immigrants, Warren Chen
The Impact Of Regional Return On Education On The Self-Selection Of Mexican Immigrants, Warren Chen
CMC Senior Theses
This paper uses the 2010 Mexican Population and Housing Survey to examine the role of regional return to education on migrant selection. The study uses a standard linear regression model to predict the educational attainment of migrants and compares it to the educational attainment of non-migrants in each Mexican State. It finds evidence of negative selection, that less educated Mexican citizens are more likely to migrate to the United States. It also finds little evidence of the impact of regional return to education on migrant selection. The study offers potential explanations for the lack of impact and suggests avenues for …
The Working Wife: A Three-Pronged Model Of Marriage And Women's Employment, Karris Mccollum
The Working Wife: A Three-Pronged Model Of Marriage And Women's Employment, Karris Mccollum
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
What literature exists on women’s labor suggests that as women gain financial and economic freedom, their role in the family and home shifts as well. The sharp rise in women’s labor force participation in the latter half of the 20th century provides fertile grounds for testing this hypothesis and quantifying the effect of working on the institution of marriage. Employment could potentially help or harm an existing marriage or contribute to the selection of compatible partners. In this paper, I examine the impact of rising women's labor force participation rates on divorce rates, marital satisfaction, and women's age at first …
Investigating The Effect Crime Has On Uber And Yellow Taxi Pickups In Nyc, Kebing Li
Investigating The Effect Crime Has On Uber And Yellow Taxi Pickups In Nyc, Kebing Li
Honors Theses
How to manage the relationship between Uber and the local taxi industry has been a long-lasting and hot topic for most of the major cities around the world. Whether Uber is stealing money from and undermining the local taxi drivers or it is beneficial for public transportation has no certain conclusions. In this paper, we focus on the city of New York, where both Uber and traditional Yellow Taxi play important roles in public transportation and city culture in general, and we are trying to investigate the factors that are going to affect Uber and Yellow Taxi pickups in New …
Constraining Labor's “Double Freedom”: Revisiting The Impact Of Wrongful Discharge Laws On Labor Markets, 1979-2014, Eric Hoyt
Doctoral Dissertations
I study the impact of wrongful discharge laws, a form of employment protection in the U.S., on union membership, wages, job tenure, and on-the-job training. There are several important contributions of this work to the previous social science research on the topic: First, I update the legal adoption dataset to 2014. Second, this is the first examination to date of the link between wrongful discharge laws and unions. Third, this is the first analysis that is able to include firm size controls in the investigation of the impact of wrongful discharge laws on wages. Finally, this analysis is the first …
Past, Present And Future Of Maine's Pulp And Paper Industry, Ariel Listo
Past, Present And Future Of Maine's Pulp And Paper Industry, Ariel Listo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The pulp and paper industry has historically been of paramount importance for the state of Maine, both from cultural and economic perspectives. The industry has been a vital part of the forest products economy and a large contributor to employment and state gross domestic product (GDP). However, the number of pulp and paper mills in Maine has declined sharply in the last few decades, deeply harming employment levels, local economies and the forest products sector of the most heavily forested state in the nation. This phenomenon has sparked efforts to understand the factors behind the downfall of Maine's pulp and …