Economics Commons^™

Essays On Female Labor Supply, Hyerim Park

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The first chapter examines how women's local labor supply decisions affect the national gender wage gap. The national wage is the sum of weighted local wages, which combines local wages and local employment weights. Here, I emphasize the role of local employment weights, especially for women, which can reflect worker's labor supply decisions across locations. I show that, only for highly-educated women, there is a significant negative relationship between employment-to-population ratio and average log wage across locations. This relationship is stronger for married women with children. Since fewer highly-educated women are working in high-wage cities while more highly-educated women are …

Isbanban Foundation Volunteers During The Covid-19pandemic: Activities & Innovation, Ariza Bima Putra, Puspitasari Puspitasari

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

ISBANBAN is an educational driving foundation in Banten that arranges programs to achieve curriculum goals in schools through 21st Century Skill that elaborates and encourages the ability of fostered to master the skills of Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking and Creativity for children aged 4 - 12 years old. Since the Covid-19 pandemic and the adoption of large-scale social restrictions and physical distancing by the government, this affected the voluntary activities carried out at Isbanban Foundation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to obtain information about the ISBANBAN volunteers activities in Banten during this covid-19 pandemic, as well as innovative …

Hate Speech In Election 2019: Case Study Of Youth Organizations, Harsih Setiawandari, Adis Imam Munandar

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

Technology advance such as social media utilization to communicate, to express opinions, to interact with each other, and to discover and share information, but this also has its own susceptive. Its positive effect, social media can be used to accelerate the spreading of information, but the negative effects are the spreading of radical ideas, hate speech, hoaxes, etc. which can threaten the national defense and the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. This research used complex models and a limited amount of samples so that in the data analysis using Smart-PLS software. Smart-PLS using the bootstrapping methods or random multiplication. …

Determinants Of Indonesian Consumer’S Intention To Purchase Halal Food In Overseas: Modified Theory Planned Behavior Model With Religiosity, Aulia R. Destiana, David R. Tairas

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

This study aimed to find the relationship between the intentions of Indonesian consumers in buying Halal food products abroad as a dependent variable with components in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) namely attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control modified with religious relations as an independent variable. This research is a combination of research previously conducted by Alam and Sayuti (2011) and Mukhtar and Butt (2012). This study expands the theory by combining the variables used in previous research conducted by Alam and Sayuti (2011), the use of the TPB theory in halal food purchasing in Malaysia and Mukhtar and …

Islamic Bussiness Concept In Facing Moral Hazard Of Mudharabah Financing In Indonesia Islamic Banking (Perspective: Asymetric Information Theory), Ummu Sholihah, Nur Fatwa

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

In the contract of financing much-needed information asymmetry between the owners of capital (shahibul mall) and the manager of the capital (mudharib) in order to achieve common interests. One of the indicators that lead to moral hazard is due to asymmetric information or dissimilarity of information provided, and influential in the contract of financing. In a Mudharabah financing contract, between shahibul mall and mudharib provide information asymmetry in favor of the creation of a common interest. This study is a literature with an approach that combines the philosophical and phenomenological approach to look deeply about the …

Paso Del Norte Economic Indicator Review, January, Hunt Institute For Global Competitiveness

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Economic Structure In Appalachia’S Urban Regions: Clustering And Diversification Strategies, Randall W. Jackson, Peter Jarosi, Gi-Eu Lee, Sara Farhangdoost

Cluster Analyses

In support of economic development practitioners’ efforts to devise strategies that can align with both industrial clustering and industrial diversification, this report provides a wide range of relevant measures and metrics. In addition to standard regional analysis tools like coefficients of specialization, location quotients, and growth rates, we introduce two fundamentally new measures for understanding the nature of regional clusters. These measures focus on the industries that anchor the clusters and characterize their strength and regional dominance. The former measures the share of the anchor industry’s direct and indirect requirements that could be satisfied by regional industries, and the latter …

The Great Transition: A Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Transitioning From Diesel Fuel Buses To Zero Emission Electric Buses For The Nfta In The Buffalo-Niagara Falls Msa, Jonathan C. Meyers

Applied Economics Theses

The scope of this report is intended to help shape the future operations of the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority in a more economically and environmentally friendly way. In this report we analyze the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority’s (NFTA’s) current diesel bus fleet, with respect to zero emission electric buses available in the marketplace. We compare the current diesel buses in use at the NFTA, with the costs and benefits associated with switching to zero emission electric buses. We examine the use of electric buses in other U.S. cities and their experiences with the new public transit bus technology in order …

Conscience Leave, Andrew K. Jennings

Faculty Articles

In the federal government, political officials come and go while civil servants remain. In the ordinary course, the political officials make decisions about what policies the government will pursue while civil servants use their labor and expertise to carry those policies out––even when they disagree with them. But what happens when political officials pursue policies that civil servants view as deviating from normal bounds–– policies that are unethical, immoral, or unlawful? This Article examines when and how civil servants might object to such policies, including going so far as to leave government service. It concludes that when faced with such …

Follow-Up Enforcement, Andrew K. Jennings

Faculty Articles

Firms sometimes break the law. When they do, a host of government agencies have power to bring enforcement actions against them, which serve to punish past wrongs, compensate victims, disgorge unlawful gains, deter others, and prevent recidivism. Each of these purposes but one—preventing recidivism—is either met or not once the case reaches settlement. Whether recidivism will occur, however, remains uncertain at the time a case is settled. In light of that uncertainty, this Article takes a critical look at how enforcers currently address recidivism prevention—what it dubs the “clawback” approach—under which defendant firms receive penalty credit today in exchange for …

Pandemics, Paid Sick Leaves, And Tax Institutions, Alex Zhang

Faculty Articles

The COVID-19 pandemic is currently ravaging the world, and the United States has been largely unsuccessful at containing the coronavirus. One long-standing policy failure stands out as having exacerbated the pandemic in our country: the lack of a national mandate of paid sick leaves, without which workers face financial and workplace-cultural pressures to attend work while sick, thus spreading the virus to their fellow employees and the public at large.

This Article provides the blueprint for a national, subsidized mandate of paid sick leaves and two additional insights about our tax institutions as mechanisms of effectuating broader societal goals. It …

The Impact Of Different Provincial Economic Activities On Local Government's Revenue: The Case Of Provincial Administrative Organizations (Paos) In Thailand, Tanut Puangnuam

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Fiscal decentralization is a tool for government to delegate the authority to local government organizations (LAOs) in order to reduce the income gaps across regions. The government has responsibility to transfer funds to LAOs and reshape local revenue arrangements. The Provincial Administrative Organizations (PAOs) are the higher tier of LAOs at the provincial level. The majority of PAOs’ revenue comes from locally levied revenue, surcharge and shared revenue and intergovernmental transfer. Among the change of the development of Thailand’s provincial economy in Thailand, the revenue of the PAOs is significantly linked to economic growth in each province, which comes from …

Kerentanan Perbankan Di Indonesia: Pengukuran Dan Penyebabnya, Wisnu Wibowo, Amir Ambyah Zakaria

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

This study aims to identify banking vulnerabilities and analyze the factors that influence them. The tool used to identify bank vulnerabilities uses modification crisis and default index (C&D Index) while hypothesis testing uses logit regression. Commercial banks in Indonesia from 2008 to 2018 was taken as sample. As a result, in 2008 and 2013 were the most vulnerable conditions for banks in Indonesia. The reason most banks have been identified as vulnerable is due to decreased profits, increased liabilities in foreign currencies and increased Non Performing Loan (NPL). Logit regression test show that banking fragility is negatively related to capital, …

Three Essays On Grocery Sales Taxes, Lingxiao Wang

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

Grocery sales taxes represent a stable tax revenue stream for state and municipal government, but there is rare empirical evidence suggesting grocery taxes may adversely affect health. In addition, the how governments set grocery sales taxes is still unclear. Therefore, based on a novel national dataset of annual county and state-level grocery taxes from 2009 through 2016, the following three essays in the dissertation investigate the health impacts of grocery sales taxes and the causes of grocery sales taxes in a framework of tax competition.

In the first essay, we document the spatial and temporal variation in grocery taxes and …

Exploring The Formation Mechanism Of Radical Technological Innovation: An Mlp Approach, Yun Sun, Hecheng Wang, Haiqing Yu, Yong Chen, Mikhail Yu Kataev, Ling Li

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

This paper identifies three stages in the radical technological innovation process, namely formation process in niches, breaking out of niches and entering regimes, and new regime formation. It then adopts Multi-level Perspective (MLP) to explore the formation process, operating mechanism, breakthrough path, and impact factors of radical technological innovation. A three-phase model, which includes formation of radical innovation, breakout of radical innovation, and new regimes construction, is proposed to analyze radical technological innovation. The model is adopted in a case study to analyze the leapfrogging development of technologies in China’s mobile communication industry. This paper enriches technological innovation theory and …

A Varying Coefficient Model With Two-Way Fixed Effects And Different Smoothing Variables, Taining Wang, Feng Yao

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

We propose a varying coefficient regression model for panel data that controls for both latent heterogeneities in cross-sectional units and unobserved common shocks over time. The model allows different smoothing variables to enter through either a stand-alone function or a coefficient function. Without requiring a normalization of the fixed effects, we propose a two-step estimator. First, we estimate the varying coefficients with the pilot series-based estimators, eliminating fixed effects though differencing. Second, we perform a one-step kernel backfitting to improve the estimation efficiency. We demonstrate through Monte-Carlo simulations that our estimators are computationally efficient and perform well relative to a …

Neither “Post-War” Nor Post-Pregnancy Paranoia: How America’S War On Drugs Continues To Perpetuate Disparate Incarceration Outcomes For Pregnant, Substance-Involved Offenders, Becca S. Zimmerman

Pitzer Senior Theses

This thesis investigates the unique interactions between pregnancy, substance involvement, and race as they relate to the War on Drugs and the hyper-incarceration of women. Using ordinary least square regression analyses and data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates, I examine if (and how) pregnancy status, drug use, race, and their interactions influence two length of incarceration outcomes: sentence length and amount of time spent in jail between arrest and imprisonment. The results collectively indicate that pregnancy decreases length of incarceration outcomes for those offenders who are not substance-involved but not evenhandedly -- benefitting white …

Stock Returns By Sector And Industries In A Year Into The Covid-19 Pandemic, Simon Alvin A. Casas

Honors Undergraduate Theses

In the COVID-19 stock market industries reacted and were affected in different ways. This paper will use Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes to look at how sectors and selected industries fared after a whole year in a pandemic. This will be accomplished by comparing 2019 stock returns to 2020 stock returns with a t-test and estimating the effect of COVID-19 positive case and death increases using a pooled OLS regression. All SIC sectors A-J were analyzed as well as 18 selected industries such as food stores, real estate, oil and gas extraction, health services, and communications. Results show a significant …

Board Of Director Composition: An Examination Of How Director Age And Board Innovation Committees Impact Corporate Social And Financial Performance, Sami Ghaddar

2021

This dissertation explores how director age affects a firm’s social domain, and how board-level oversight of firms’ innovation activities affects financial performance. Specifically, the dissertation points to board configurations that can potentially improve social and financial performance. The first chapter reviews the literature by examining two research streams linking board composition to corporate social performance (CSP) and innovation. The chapter presents the theoretical and empirical underpinnings of these two streams. It details the descriptive and thematic findings and offers an understanding of the different contexts in which board composition relates to both CSP and innovation. This chapter also discusses inconsistencies …

The Feasibility Of Containerization In The Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway System, Nick Edwards

Political Science Theses and Capstones

The use of waterways to transport goods has always been a staple of civilization dating back to some of our earliest days. And throughout history it has always played a pivotal role in our economies and affected the very way in which our civilizations developed. Perhaps one of the world's most important waterways is the Great Lakes that lie directly in the heart of the North American continent and connect the heartland of North America to the Atlantic Ocean. Thus, providing a vital mode of transportation for shipping a variety of products from North America’s heartland to the rest of …

The Relationship Between Antecedent Variables And Collective Organizational Engagement In U.S. Manufacturers, Kristoffer Carlos Garringer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Manufacturing leaders face challenges that influence organizational outcomes such as, collective organizational engagement. Because of the complexities in the U.S. manufacturing industry, manufacturing leaders must identify resources and strategies that influence collective organizational engagement levels. Grounded in employee engagement theory and resource management theory, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between motivating work design, human resource management practices, strategic implementation, and collective organizational engagement. The sample included 123 participants from large manufacturing organizations within the U.S. Mid-Atlantic region who held non-executive titles. The results of the multiple linear regression were significant, F(3, 122) = …

A Dimensão Utópica Na Filosofia Do Melhoramento Social Em Adam Smith [The Utopian Dimension In The Philosophy Of Social Betterment In Adam Smith], Maria Pia Paganelli

Economics Faculty Research

Adam Smith não se concentra na criação de um mundo ideal, mas no entendimento de que mudanças sociais para melhor são um produto não intencional do comércio. Além disso, como que para destacar a concretude dessas mudanças, ele vê o crescimento populacional como a forma de medir essa melhoria da sociedade.

Adam Smith does not focus on the creation of an ideal world, but on the understanding that societal changes for the better are an unintentional product of commerce. Furthermore, as if to highlight the concreteness of these changes, he sees population growth as the way to measure this betterment …

Debilitating Debts And Recapacitating Loans: How Fintech Made Markets For Unsecured Consumer Debt Using Alternative Data And Machine Learning, Michael Joshua Mccanless

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

This thesis investigates the production and management of consumer debt on digital platforms. First, this study investigates how borrowers navigate spaces of debt and indebtedness created by fintech consumer lenders. Second, this thesis analyzes the process and impact of ‘alternative’ data and machine learning on fintech credit scoring models. As consumer lending ‘moves online’, this research analyzes the increasingly important role of digital spaces in the creation and management of debt. Tracking the interfaces and algorithms used by online consumer lenders, I weave together insight from digital and financial geographies to argue that digital technologies are enabling firms to marketize …

Three Essays In Regional Taxation, Kenneth Tester

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

This dissertation looks at the role that geographically limited taxation and the behavioral response of economic agents to different forms of regional taxation. While geographic taxation is typically thought to be confined to state and local taxes, federal tax policy can also create designated areas that receive preferential tax treatment. In this dissertation, both types of regional taxation are examined and are unified under common themes such as tax mobility and the definition of the tax base.

In chapter 2, I examine the important effect of how the location of high income earners employment is influenced by taxes in the …

Finance And Economic Performance Across Countries, Monika Islam Khan

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

My dissertation consists of three papers on finance and economic performance across countries. The first paper applies the gravity model of international trade to quantify the impact of the banking sector and the stock market on bilateral trade patterns. Following the study of capital structure, I evaluate the mix of external financing sources used for real investment at the macroeconomic level by differentiating between the relative roles of the banking sector and stock market development in determining trade patterns. Using aggregate bilateral trade data for 87 countries over 1976-2012, I find that stock market development has a substantial impact on …

Sustainability And Economics Of White Oak (Quercus Alba) Timber Supply In Kentucky, Gaurav Dhungel

Theses and Dissertations--Forestry and Natural Resources

Sustained timber supply relies upon balanced forest age distribution, where the level of harvesting and mortality is compensated by regeneration and growth among younger age classes. However, current forest inventory trends from the white oak growing region reveal sustainability threat from declining white oak regeneration and recruitment leading to disproportionate inventory structure. Consequently, there exists growing concern among stakeholders on long-term sustainability of white oak timber and its economic implications, particularly in Kentucky, because of the significance of the species to the state’s economy. This research aims to examine past and current inventory levels of white oak in Kentucky using …

Financial Literacy And Retirement Preparedness In Sri Lanka: Evidence From The Private Sector Employees, Tiyani Lakshmi Rodrigo

Theses and Dissertations--Family Sciences

The South Asian country of Sri Lanka has a rapidly aging population, but little attention has been paid to individuals and families' financial preparedness for retirement. This study aims to overview the current system of retirement preparedness in Sri Lanka, and to examine financial and pension literacy's role on the retirement preparedness. Specifically, this study evaluated three domains of retirement preparedness: planning for retirement and perceived retirement income adequacy (subjective measures, n = 142), and wealth accumulation (objective measure, n = 115). Results show that (1) financial literacy had a positive and statistically significant association with retirement preparedness (only with …

Does Foreign Direct Investment And Trade Promote Economic Growth? Evidence From Albania, Sam Hobbs, Dimitrios Paparas, Mostafa Aboelsoud

Economics

Purpose: Albania has experienced a rapid transition from a centrally planned economy to a mixed economy since the fall of communism in 1989. Policy changes, trade liberalization, and privatization have come about at a rapid pace, allowing foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade to become key components of Albania’s economy. Against this backdrop, this study investigates the relationships among FDI, trade, and economic growth in Albania.

Methodology: Annual time-series data were obtained from the World Bank. Then, the following econometric tests were performed on the variables representing FDI inflows, exports, and GDP as proxies for FDI, trade, and economic …

Evaluating The Economic Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic, John Adams, Mostafa Aboelsoud

Economics

No abstract provided.

Generalized Trust And Economic Growth: The Nexus In Mena Countries, Rania Miniesy, Mariam Abdelkarim Ms.

Economics

This study mainly examines the relationship between generalized/horizontal/social trust and economic growth in countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, considering the substantial decline in their trust values since 2005. The study utilizes a multiple linear regression model based on panel data comprising 104 countries over the period from 1999 to 2020. Trust data were obtained from the last four waves of the World Values Survey (WVS). A Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) estimation technique was used, and interaction terms between trust and several dummy variables were employed. The results show an overall positive and significant relationship …