Economics Commons^™

Food Stamps And The Working Poor, Peter R. Mueser, David C. Ribar, Erdal Tekin

Upjohn Press

The authors show that many households that are eligible for food stamps do not receive them, and that eligible individuals' enrollment is influenced by the states' administrative requirements. Highlighted are the procedures for certifying applicants and recertifying recipients, and policies for treatment of able-bodied adults without dependents.

Las Cruces Housing Prices, Steven L. Fullerton

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study analyzes the median price for existing single-family housing units in Las Cruces, New Mexico. Explanatory factors used in the analysis are real per capita income, the housing stock, real mortgage rates, real apartment rents, and the real price of homes across the United States with data ranging from 1970-2017. Two estimation strategies are used for parameter estimation of the reduced form price equation. Results obtained include various unforeseen outcomes that include unexpected coefficient signs and relatively large elasticities. The most surprising result is that the long-run real rent coefficient has a negative sign, implying that apartments and houses …

Decision Making Under Uncertainty With Applications To Geosciences And Finance, Laxman Bokati

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In many practical situations, we need to make a decision. In engineering, we need to decide on the best design of a system, and, for existing systems â?? on the best control strategy. In financial applications, we need to decide what is the best way to invest money. In geosciences, we need to decide whether we should explore a possible mineral deposit â?? or whether we should perform more experiments and measurements (and what exactly). In some cases, we can compute the exact consequences of each decision - e.g., if we are controlling a satellite. However, in many other cases, …

U.S. Perceptions Of Economic Mobility Since The Enactment Of Nafta And Their Impact On American Politics And Society, Jairemy Quinton Edwards

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In this study, I examine how perceptions of NAFTA developed over 20 years since its enactment, measured as perceived economic mobility in 2016, have affected more recent public perceptions leading to increased, controversial tendencies towards nationalism, protectionism, and pessimism about the future of the U.S. economy. I then assess whether and how such perceptions in turn may have affected voter perceptions about Donald Trump, setting the stage for his 2016 election victory. Therein, I have found that among U.S. voters in 2016, those with perceptions of reduced economic mobility since the enactment of NAFTA were significantly more likely to have …

Predicting Recessions In Major Texas Metropolitan Economies Using Yield Spreads And Other Economic Indicators, Aaron Dodson Nazarian

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The yield spread has been found to serve as a valuable economic forecasting tool. This research employs dynamic autoregressive probit downturn models using the United States yield spread and other regional and macroeconomic variables. This study then inspects the predictive power of the United States yield spread on the five largest urban economies in Texas, the four largest metropolitan areas along the Texas-Mexico border, as well as the Texas state economy. The other regional and macroeconomic variables are included in model specifications based on characteristics of the economies being analyzed. Results indicate that a narrowing of the United States Yield …

Snapchat's Gift: Equity Culture In High-Tech Firms, Amy Deen Westbrook, David A. Westbrook

Journal Articles

Snap, Inc., the company that owns the platform Snapchat, controversially offered nonvoting common shares to the public in 2017. This Article asks what it means to invest in Snap or other (mostly technology-based) companies in which common shareholders collectibely have little or no power to influence corporate policy. In particular, why do such investors expect to be compensated? This Article explores the familiar rationales for equity investing, including stock appreciation and dividends, and the logical shortcomings of those rationales in these circumstances. Adopting Henry Manne's "two systems" approach to corporate affairs through both law and economics, we show that corporation …

Multi-Step Forecast Of The Implied Volatility Surface Using Deep Learning, Nikita Medvedev

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Implied volatility is an essential input to price an option. Machine learning architectures have shown strengths in learning option pricing formulas and estimating implied volatility cross-sectionally. However, implied volatility time series forecasting is typically done using the univariate time series and often for short intervals. When a univariate implied volatility series is forecasted, important implied volatility properties such as volatility skew and the term structure are lost. More importantly, short term forecasts can’t take advantage of the long term persistence in the volatility series. The thesis attempts to bridge the gap between machine learning-based implied volatility modeling and multivariate multi-step …

An Examination Of The Stock Market's Effect On Economic Inequality, Nicholas Golina

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The economic literature on economic inequality has shown that it can negatively impact aggregate demand because it indicates a higher concentration of wealth in the hands of the top 10% as opposed to the poor and middle class, who are more likely to consume. The literature has identified many factors that can lead to increasing inequality. The stock market could be one of those factors since it can either create an upward redistributive effect towards the top 10% or redistributive effect towards the middle class. This paper tested the effect of the stock market on inequality. This study contributes to …

Panel On Race And Capitalism Nov 2019, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2019, November 14). Typed introductory remarks with handwritten notes for a panel titled race and capitalism or racial capitalism? sponsored by the Robert L. Heilbroner Center for Capitalism Studies featuring Destin Jenkins, Raúl Carrillo, and Ryan Cecil Jobson [Unpublished manuscript with handwritten annotations].

• Robert L. Heilbroner Center for Capitalism Studies. (2019, November 14). Race and capitalism or racial capitalism? A discussion on history, theory, and world building featuring Destin Jenkins, Raúl Carrillo, and Ryan Cecil Jobson [Event flyer].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Typed biographical information for Raúl Carrillo, Ryan Cecil Jobson, and Destin Jenkins …

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China June 2019, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (2019, June). China 6/13–6/23, Renmin University, Professor Hao Qi [Labeled yellow folder cover]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Expedia. (2019, May 27). Travel confirmation and itinerary for Beijing trip: Anwar Shaikh and Maria J. Montalva [Travel confirmation and itinerary]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). China Renmin lectures: Lecture outline on classical political economy, consumer microeconomics, theory of the firm, and international trade [Lecture outline]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Qi, H. (2019, May 5). Invitation letter with visa details and visit dates [Letter to Anwar Shaikh]. School of Economics, Renmin University of China.

Wage Equalization, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (December 16, 2014). Wage equalization [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript notes discussing drift, arbitrage, and wage equalization models.

• Drăgulescu, A., & Yakovenko, V. M. (December 2, 2002). Probability distribution of returns in the Heston model with stochastic volatility [Working paper]. Unpublished working paper on stochastic volatility and return distributions.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (December 3, 2014). Classical, business, and NIPA net operating surplus [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript notes distinguishing classical measures from business accounting and National Income and Product Accounts concepts.

• Shaikh, A. (December 17, 2014). Classical wage equalization and drift-diffusion [Unpublished …

Henry George School, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes: (p. 1)

• Dividends and interest ledger (2018 to 2019) by Anwar Shaikh, PhD (p. 2)
• Henry George School investments as of April 25, 2019 by Henry George School of Social Science (p. 3)
• Year-to-date performance and withdrawals report (2019-04-25) by Henry George School of Social Science (p. 4)
• Amazon panel discussion notes (2019-03-26 to 2019-03-28) by Anwar Shaikh, PhD (pp. 5-6)
• Henry George School of Social Science memorandum – 40: Amazon seminar (2019-03-15) by Marty Rowland (p. 7).

Empirical Study Of Basic Violations, Pay Incentives, And Safety: Evidence From U.S. Intrastate Carriers, Shengyang Ju

Wayne State University Dissertations

Truck drivers are under financial pressure due to inadequacy in their compensation. Thus, they have strong incentives to work more legally or illegally in pursuing a higher income, which leads to fatigue and HOS violations and ultimately causes crashes. On the other hand, FMCSA oversees the motor carrier’s safety performance and tries to improve the current safety measurement since everyone pays a share of the economic costs due to the externality. This dissertation aims to explore the complex relationship between BASICs violations, pay incentives and crashes, to raise the importance of economic impact on carrier’s safety, and to test the …

The Demand And Supply Side Responses To Changes In Health Insurance Status, Naim Chy

Wayne State University Dissertations

We estimate the effects of having health insurance on the probability of facing trouble in accessing provider’s care and that of being refused as a new patient by the provider’s office in chapter 2 of this dissertation. The NHIS data for 2011-2015 are pooled. To fight the potential endogeneity problem arising from the selection bias associated with insurance status we use a 2SLS method with self-employment status of individual and family income as the instruments. The estimated results show that having health insurance reduces the probability of facing difficulty in getting provider’s appointment by 7.3 percentage points. On the other …

Health And Natural Capital In An Augmented Solow Growth Model, Sa-Ad Iddrisu

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation explains output growth in nations using two different forms of economic capital (health and natural capital) in separate models under paper 1 and 2. In paper 1, income per worker’s growth in the emerging market economies and developing economies is estimated using health capital. Previous studies done on health capital and output growth have mostly focused on Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and advanced economies, but I focused on emerging market economies and developing economies. I examined the association amongst health capital and economic growth in an augmented Solow Model, using total HEX per capita and …

Statistical Analysis Of The Effect Of Work Conditions On Safety And Health In The U.S. Long-Haul Trucking Industry: Evidence From The Niosh Survey Data, Takahiko Kudo

Wayne State University Dissertations

Chapter 1 reviews the literature which analyzes the effect of compensation and work conditions on safety and health.

Chapter 2 analyzes how truck drivers’ compensation affects their safety performance, using moving violations as a proxy for safety. In addition to drivers’ pay per mile driven, we employ fringe benefits as independent variables. The result suggests that the rate of pay per mile driven, and employment-based health insurance, significantly decrease the probability of moving violations. The result provides support for the hypothesis that high compensation for drivers improve drivers’ safety performance, though other forms of compensation are not significantly related to …

Medicaid Managed Care And Its Impact On Potentially Preventable Hospital Utilization (Inpatient And Emergency Room Visits), Mohammad Usama Toseef

Wayne State University Dissertations

Introduction: The objective of this study is to compare the performance of Medicaid health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and fee-for-service (FFS) Medicaid regarding the prevalence of potentially preventable hospitalizations and emergency room (ER) visits, a recognized measure of outpatient care quality.

Methods: Nationally representative data on non-institutionalized Medicaid recipients, ages 18-64, from the 2003-2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Separate analyses are conducted for recipients insured through both Medicaid and Medicare (“dual eligibles”) and recipients whose only health insurance is Medicaid (“non-duals”). In each group the occurrence of potentially preventable hospital use is measured, and then survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression models are …

Essays On Bubbles, Production, And Anti-Bubble Policy, Joseph Sebastian De Souza White

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation provides two papers on asset market bubbles. The first chapter analyzes the welfare effect of anti-bubble policy in a macroeconomic model containing both an asset market and a goods market. Overall this chapter shows that anti-bubble policy decreases the welfare of asset seller increases the welfare of asset buyers and has no effect on the welfare of the production side of the goods market. The second chapter provides examples of strong greater-fool bubbles with three states of the world and three periods. It provides examples of strong greater-fool bubbles at various levels of endowment durability as well as …

The Relationship Between Conflict And Longevity: A Panel Data Analysis, Felicitas Adu-Acheampong

Wayne State University Dissertations

With a series of multivariate regression models this study investigates the association of conflict, health and non-health inputs with different facets of longevity in OECD, emerging and African countries. Using a country-level panel data set covering the period 1990 through 2014, five facets of longevity are examined: infant mortality, life expectancy for males at birth, life expectancy for females at birth, life expectancy for males at age 65, and life expectancy for females at age 65 among OECD and emerging countries. With country-level data spanning 1997 through 2016 from 50 African nations, production functions are also estimated for four distinct …

A Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Livelihood, Environmental And Health Benefits Of A Large Scale, Christina K. Barstow, Randall Bluffstone, Kyle Silon, Karl Linden, Evan Thomas

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Public health interventions targeting contaminated drinking water and indoor air pollution may help to reduce two of the leading causes of death among children under 5 in Rwanda - diarrhea and pneumonia. These interventions also have the potential to provide economic benefits, including reduction in expenditures on fuelwood and time spent on fuelwood collection, environmental benefits through reductions in deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions, and additional economic benefits attributable to health impacts. We evaluate one such large scale intervention, the Tubeho Neza program in Western Rwanda using a cost-benefit analysis. This paper estimates monetized program benefits related to fuelwood savings, …

Estimating The Present Value Of Carbon Sequestration In U.S. Forests, 2015–2050, For Evaluating Federal Climate Change Mitigation Policies, Robert T. Haight, Randall Bluffstone, Jeffrey D. Kline, John D. Coulston, David N. Wear, Kate Zook

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We demonstrate an application evaluating carbon sequestration benefits from federal policy alternatives. Using detailed forest inventory data, we projected carbon sequestration outcomes in the coterminous 48 states for a baseline scenario and three policy scenarios through 2050. Alternatives included (1) reducing deforestation from development, (2) afforestation in the eastern United States and reforestation in the western United States, and (3) reducing stand-replacing wildfires. We used social cost of carbon estimates to evaluate the present value of carbon sequestration benefits gained with each policy. Results suggest that afforestation and reforestation would provide the greatest marginal increase in carbon benefit, far exceeding …

Actual And Self-Assessed Financial Literacy Among Employees Of A South African University, Gizelle D. Willows

Numeracy

This study examines the level of financial literacy and self-assessed financial literacy amongst members of a South African tertiary institution’s retirement fund. Based on surveys of the fund’s members, I employ descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analyses to examine differences in financial literacy within and across groups. The results show that, despite working for an employer implementing many best practices identified by financial literacy advocates, respondents from all demographic subgroups possess relatively low levels of financial knowledge. Men, White respondents, and those with a higher cost of employment or higher educational attainment were more likely to have a higher level …

Welcome To The Neighborhood: A Spatial Analysis Of Crime And Housing Values, Anthony Senick

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Crime is an obvious unwanted problem in any population anywhere in the world. Not only does it present problems for public safety, but it crime has negative monetary costs as well. One such way these costs can be observed is in their effect on property values. Past studies have examined this relationship between crime and housing values using the hedonic housing price model and spatial analysis, and I attempt to perform a similar analysis, but with the inclusion of new variables and spatial techniques, for the City of Akron, Ohio. With 2017 housing sale data provided by the Summit County …

Brain Drain And Emigration: How Do They Affect Source Countries?, Nicholas Chura

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This paper examines the effect of different skill levels of emigration on a country’s labor market, from high skill brain drain to low skill emigration. By utilizing an IADB Brain Drain data set to measure emigration rates among those with low, medium, and high educational attainment in a country, the effect of brain drain vs. low skill emigration on productivity and unemployment is examined. These data span from 1980 to 2010 with measurements every five years for 195 World Bank countries. By utilizing two two-way fixed effects models with GDP per capita and unemployment rate as the dependent variables, the …

The Working Wife: A Three-Pronged Model Of Marriage And Women's Employment, Karris Mccollum

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

What literature exists on women’s labor suggests that as women gain financial and economic freedom, their role in the family and home shifts as well. The sharp rise in women’s labor force participation in the latter half of the 20th century provides fertile grounds for testing this hypothesis and quantifying the effect of working on the institution of marriage. Employment could potentially help or harm an existing marriage or contribute to the selection of compatible partners. In this paper, I examine the impact of rising women's labor force participation rates on divorce rates, marital satisfaction, and women's age at first …

The Effects Of Natural Resource Dependence And Democracy On The Incremental Budgeting Theory And Punctuated Equilibrium Within A Budgetary Context, Barrak Ghanim Algharabali

Theses and Dissertations--Public Policy and Administration

I contribute to the literature by providing additional factors that could affect the incremental budgeting theory and punctuated equilibrium theory (PET) within a budgetary context. Because of the fluctuation in the price of natural resources, I argue that dependence on natural resources could lead to less stable budgets than ones not dependent on natural resources. I also argue that democracy is another source that leads to stability in the budget, relative to countries that are not democratic. I theorize that countries with no democracy and heavy dependence on natural resources will have budgets with more volatility than the rest of …

The Decision To Decentralize Good Provision In The United States: A Study In Clean Energy Policy, Whitney Michelle Davis

Theses and Dissertations--Public Policy and Administration

Normative economic theory provides justification for at least partially centralized renewable energy provision due to the large, positive externalities associated with renewable energy production. However, the United States is one of the few countries without centralized renewable energy policy. Instead, the federal government actively chooses decentralized renewable energy provision by using fiscal transfers to support subnational renewable energy development. This dissertation explores why U.S. legislators choose decentralized renewable energy provision by asking two primary questions. First, what is the motivation for using federal fiscal transfers for decentralized renewable energy output considering what we know about positive spillovers and market failure …

An Investigation Of Recreational Marijuana Laws And Traffic Fatalities, Todd Darby

Honors Theses

This thesis investigates whether the implementation of a recreational marijuana law in Colorado is associated with a change in traffic fatalities. This thesis utilizes Colorado state-level data in regression analysis with a menu of dependent traffic fatality variables from the Fatality Accident Reporting System data. The only significant relationship found is between the implementation of the recreational marijuana law and marijuana-related traffic fatalities, where the law is found to be largely and positively related with marijuana-related traffic fatalities. However, this paper can draw only limited conclusions owing to the lack of a counterfactual and the short period of post-implementation data …

Rural Business Development Corporation Annual Report 2019, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

All other publications

In accordance with section 63 of the Financial Management Act 2006, we hereby submit for your information and presentation to Parliament, the annual report of the Rural Business Development Corporation for the reporting period ended 30 June 2019.

The annual report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Financial Management Act 2006 and the Rural Business Development Corporation Act 2000.

A Pilot Study On Adolescent Mobile Phone Use, Indirect Mental Health Costs And Cultural Context Considerations – Report, Siobhan K. Yilmaz, Alok Bohara

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

Adolescents are being recognized as a generation, worldwide, that require different policy approaches to improve their health and wellbeing, including the adoption of mobile based health interventions (e.g. mHealth). While mHealth interventions are growing in popularity, many researchers/policy-makers have neglected assessing potential (indirect) costs/negative consequences from their use. Evidence from the developed world shows strong associations between cell phone use and negative mental health outcomes, but such findings are minimal in developing world contexts. Using primary data from a large-scale, school-based survey of 17-19-year-old adolescents in southwestern Nepal, this report provides background information to motivate additional work investigating the presence …