Economics Commons^™

Healthcare Coverage In The United States And New York Metropolitan Area, 2009 - 2015, Andrew S. Alger

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This study examines trends regarding health insurance coverage in the United States along lines of sex, race/ethnicity, place of birth, and poverty status between 2009 and 2015.

Methods: This study uses the American Community Survey PUMS (Public User Microdata Series) for the years 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015. These datasets were downloaded from the IPUMS USA website hosted by the University of Minnesota. The variables used in the study describe these populations in terms of sex, the four major race/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Latino, and Asian), being born either within the United States or abroad, and being …

100 Percent Reserve Banking: A Comparison Of Proposals By Henry Simons And Laurence Kotlikoff, John H. Beck

Economics Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Private Wealth And Public Goods: A Case For A National Investment Authority, Robert C. Hockett, Saule T. Omarova

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Much American electoral and policy debate now centers on how best to reignite the nation’s economic dynamism and rebuild its competitive strength. Any such undertaking presents an extraordinary challenge, demanding a correspondingly extraordinary institutional response. This Article proposes precisely such a response. It designs and advocates a new public instrumentality--a National Investment Authority (“NIA”)--charged with the critical task of devising and implementing a comprehensive long-term development strategy for the United States.

Patterned in part after the New Deal-era Reconstruction Finance Corporation, in part after modern sovereign wealth funds, and in part after private equity and venture capital firms, the NIA …

Immigration And The Public-Private School Choice, Lidia Farre, Francesc Ortega, Ryuichi Tanaka

Publications and Research

This paper empirically analyzes the effects of immigration on the schooling decisions of natives. We employ household-level data for Spain for years 2000-2015, a period characterized by high economic growth and large immigration that was halted by a long and severe recession. Our estimates reveal that increases in immigrant density at the school level triggered an important native flight from tuition-free, public schools toward private ones. We also find strong evidence of cream-skimming as more educated native households are the most likely to switch to private schools in response to immigration. Furthermore, we find that immigration leads to higher student-teacher …

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 2, Number 4, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Adam G. Walke, Omar Solís, Esmeralda Muñiz

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast, Volume 21, Number 2, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Adam G. Walke

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

The Balance Of Payments, Exchange Rates And Aggregate Expenditure, Alexander Nunez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

This lecture examines the effects of the economy’s openness on macroeconomic policy. The three main topics covered in this lecture are: the effect of exports and imports on the Gross Domestic Product; the workings of a foreign exchange market; and the effects of exchange rates on the economy.

Money, The Federal Reserve And The Monetary Policy, Alexander Nunez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

The Government And Fiscal Policy, Alexander Nunez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

This lecture discusses the role of fiscal policy: government spending and taxation in the economy. It examines the United States government budget.

The Normalization Of Prostitution In Switzerland: The Origin Of Policies, Corinne Isler, Marjut Jyrkinen

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

In this article, we examine how socio-political actors frame prostitution and problems attached to the phenomenon and what types of policies they suggest. The sex trade in Switzerland has been tolerated since 1942, and prostitution is protected under the economic freedom guaranteed by the Swiss constitution. Any critique of prostitution is viewed as counterproductive, claimed to be rooted in old-fashioned ideas about sexuality and thought to worsen the situation for women who sell sex. The role of sex buyers is largely obscured, and the presumed right to buy sex remains unquestioned.

The Path To Mainstream Finance: Exploring Complementary Currencies And Interest-Free Lending, Ema Di Fruscia

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This paper explores elements of alternative finance including complementary currencies, credit clearing systems, and Islamic Banking practices. I begin first by outlining the issues created by the mainstream western banking model, including wealth inequality, socioeconomic discrimination, environmental degradation, and the collapse of small businesses and local economies. I go on to introduce and define the concepts of complementary currencies, Local Exchange Trading Systems, and credit clearing systems; I argue that these systems challenge the popularly held perceptions that currencies and mainstream banking practices in general are immutable, given, or ideal. To support this assertion, I transition into my research findings …

Coming In Hot: Motor Vehicles, Capitalism, And Modernization In Mongolia, Thea Bergen

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Traditionally, nomads in Mongolia have used horses for transportation. The horse was used to help herd livestock and also allowed them to get to the soum center quicker (Yembuu, 2015). This way of transportation is seen less and less now. With globalization comes an increase in different products from around the world. Herders now have the opportunity to buy cars and the ever popular motorcycle. Now, when out in the open Mongolian steppe, one can see motorcycles racing around to get herders from place to place. Some even use them to herd instead of a horse. And when a family …

Gentrification In Polk County, Iowa, Danielle Massey

Major Themes in Economics

This paper measures the extent of gentrification in Polk County, Iowa from 2000 to 2016. It also looks at the factors that may have contributed to that gentrification. Five of the 77 census tracts in Polk County show high levels of gentrification. Seven other tracts show moderate levels. I find that factors positively correlated with gentrification in Polk County include proximity to an historic district, proximity to a park or open space, and the percentage of total housing units that receive Low-Income Housing tax credits. Thus, the paper provides support for demand-side theories of gentrification.

Identifying The Risk Factors For Food Insecurity In The United States, Destiny Leitz

Major Themes in Economics

Food insecurity is widespread in America and has both humanitarian and economic consequences. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with food insecurity so that state officials can tailor assistance programs to benefit those most in need. A logistic regression model is employed using data from the 2016 Food Security Supplement to the Current Population Survey. The results provide evidence that food insecurity is negatively associated with income, education, home ownership, and age; it is positively associated with unemployment, disability, and a state’s tax burden. Other influences include ethnicity, citizenship status, and participation in nutrition …

Should Division I College Athletes Receive Compensation In Excess Of Their Scholarships?, Trey Kilburg

Major Themes in Economics

This paper examines the amateurism debate that has surrounded collegiate athletics since their inception in the 1800’s. The NCAA brings in enormous revenue from Bowl Games and “March Madness” without paying the student-athletes who help generate them. Large disparities in budgets and profits among Division I conferences and different sports make it almost impossible for the NCAA to create a system that would fairly compensate all student-athletes based on productivity. I conclude that student-athletes should be able to accept endorsements deals that allow them to monetize their value without costing students or colleges additional money.

Technological Unemployment In The United States: A State-Level Analysis, Courtney Krousie

Major Themes in Economics

This paper aims to analyze the relationship between technological change and unemployment across the United States. Building on previous research, I run a two-stage least- squares regression that links technological change to unemployment. Technological change is proxied with commercially-supplied research and development expenditures. I acquire data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics on unemployment rates and data from the National Science Foundation on research and development expenditures from 2002-2013 for each state. Control variables include GDP, the minimum wage, education expenditures, violent crime and property crime rates, union coverage, unemployment benefits, and poverty rates. I find evidence that technological change …

El Valor De Verde Neoliberalismo, Crisis Económica Y Políticas Polarizadas: Cómo Afecta En La Vida Cotidiana De La Gente De Clase Media En Buenos Aires. / The Value Of Green Neoliberalism, Economic Crisis And Polarized Politics: How They Affect The Everyday Life Of The Citizens Of The Middle Class In Buenos Aires., Sierra Conboy

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The history of a country can haunt them for decades. For Argentina, the history of neoliberal economics has plagued the economic development of the country; so much so that as a result of neoliberalism, Argentina experienced the worst social, political, and economic crisis of the countries entire existence between the years of 1998 and 2002. With the height of the crisis being in 2001, it continues to lurk in the economic and political infrastructure of the country today. The threat of constant economic dilemmas has manifested into the minds of the citizens of Argentina, but how far has it gone? …

Raci (Red Argentina Para La Cooperación Internacional): La Cooperación Internacional En El Contexto De Las Organizaciones De La Sociedad Civil En Argentina / Raci (Argentine Network For International Cooperation): International Cooperation In The Context Of Civil Society Organizations In Argentina, Juno Rettenmier

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

La cooperación internacional entre los actores estatales y no estatales —como las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, fundaciones y empresas— es un desarrollo relativamente nuevo en las relaciones internacionales, pero es una parte importante para el desarrollo social hoy en día. Este informe intenta introducir el concepto de la información como un recurso tan valioso como el dinero en el proceso de la cooperación internacional y en el logro de los objetivos de desarrollo social, especialmente para las OSC, apoyado por los aprendizajes y las observaciones que yo hice durante mis cuatro semanas como una pasante de RACI (Red Argentina …

Eco 166 Introduction To Macroeconomics, Alexander Núñez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

National income components and their measurement, unemployment rate, and price levels. Determinants of aggregate demand and output. Effects of government spending, taxation, and monetary policy on national income, employment, and the rate of inflation.

Unemployment, Inflation, And Long-Run Growth, Alexander Nunez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

This lecture covers unemployment, inflation and long-run growth.

The Core Of Macroeconomic Theory I, Alexander Nunez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

This lecture discusses the AD/AS Model, the Keynesian and neoclassical macroeconomic theories, their differences and perspectives.

Choice In A World Of Scarcity, Alexander Nunez-Torres

Open Educational Resources

This lecture introduces the concepts of scarcity, choice and opportunity costs. It also discusses economics systems and the role of government.

Inflation Expectations In Singapore: A Behavioural Approach, Alexander Clark, Aurobindo Ghosh, Samuel Hanes

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The expectations of economic agents have significant impact on their decisions and are key determinants of macroeconomic outcomes such as inflation, economic growth and unemployment. For example, if a worker believes that consumer prices will rise sharply next year, she would demand a wage increase. Similarly, a homeowner with a fixed interest mortgage might make an early repayment if she expects price levels to fall, knowing that the real value of her mortgage debt will increase. In these cases, expectations about inflation could lead to changes in behaviour and in the aggregate, influence prices and become self-fulfilling.

Quantitative Easing Auctions Of Treasury Bonds, Zhaogang Song, Haoxiang Zhu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The Federal Reserve uses (reverse) auctions to implement its purchases of Treasury bonds in quantitative easing (QE). To evaluate dealers’ offers across multiple bonds, the Fed relies on its internal yield curve model, fitted to secondary market bond prices. From November 2010 to September 2011, a one standard deviation increase in the cheapness of a Treasury bond (how much the market price of the bond is below a model-implied value) increases the Fed’s purchase quantity of that bond by 276 million and increases the auction costs on that bond by 2.6 cents per $100 par value, controlling for standard covariates. …

Econ 1401: Microeconomics, Syllabus, Gulgun Bayaz-Ozturk

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of The Seidman College Of Business Outreach Centers On The Grand Rapids Business Community, Benjamin M. Thoenes

Honors Projects

The purpose of this research was to explore the advisory role of selected Outreach Centers of the Seidman College of Business as led by their executive directors, and to examine the effects of their relationships with the Grand Rapids business community. For the basis of comparison the interviews included the director of one organization outside the Seidman College of Business. A qualitative approach in the form of a researcher-designed interview was used for the purpose of collecting data (Creswell, 2005). The interviews, conducted at each of the Outreach Center Offices, were designed to elicit important information regarding the Centers and …

Determination Of Different Types Of Fixed Effects In Three-Dimensional Panels, Xun Lu, Ke Miao, Liangjun Su

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper we propose a jackknife method to determine the type of fixed effects in three-dimensional panel data models. We show that with probability approaching 1, the method can select the correct type of fixed effects in the presence of only weak serial or cross-sectional dependence among the error terms. In the presence of strong serial correlation, we propose a modified jackknife method and justify its selection consistency. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the excellent finite sample performance of our method. Applications to two datasets in macroeconomics and international trade reveal the usefulness of our method.

Investment And The Long Swings Of Unemployment, Hian Teck Hoon, Katsimi Margarita, Gylfi Zoega

Research Collection School Of Economics

We estimate the relationship between investment and unemployment over the time period 1960-2015 in 20 OECD countries. While neoclassical growth theory typically assumes full employment – with no effect of investment on unemployment – we find that over our sample period covering more than five decades, a statistically significant negative relationship does exist: when investment fell, unemployment increased. When the time period is broken down into two sub-periods to take account of the Great Recession, we find that the estimated coefficient of investment is slightly smaller when the period 2001-2015 is added to the 1960-2000 period. We also find a …

Asymptotic Inference About Predictive Accuracy Using High Frequency Data, Jia Li, Andrew J. Patton

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper provides a general framework that enables many existing inference methods for predictive accuracy to be used in applications that involve forecasts of latent target variables. Such applications include the forecasting of volatility, correlation, beta, quadratic variation, jump variation, and other functionals of an underlying continuous-time process. We provide primitive conditions under which a “negligibility” result holds, and thus the asymptotic size of standard predictive accuracy tests, implemented using a high-frequency proxy for the latent variable, is controlled. An extensive simulation study verifies that the asymptotic results apply in a range of empirically relevant applications, and an empirical application …

Faktor-Faktor Penghambat Ritel Berjaringan Masuk Ke Kota Padang Sampai Tahun 2017, Monica Balqis

Jurnal Politik

This article explains how local government can hamper the development of retail net¬work in Padang City. In the case of Padang, the local government in the era of economic decentralization is assumed to encourage openness to investment, instead of using the instrument of authority to block the entry of retail network. The author uses a qualitative-descriptive method to answer the problem by digging primary data and supplemented by published data. By analyzing through a barrier to entry mechanism, this mechanism stipulates that local governments inhibit the entry of retail network in order to prevent competition with local retailers through several …