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2007

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Articles 301 - 330 of 849

Full-Text Articles in Economics

Poverty, Inequality, Violent Conflict, And Welfare Loss: Micro-Level Evidence From Nepal, Mani K. Nepal Jul 2007

Poverty, Inequality, Violent Conflict, And Welfare Loss: Micro-Level Evidence From Nepal, Mani K. Nepal

Economics ETDs

Poverty alleviation has become one of the main global agendas of the twenty first century, but the identification and targeting of the poor is facing fundamental problems due to the lack of required information. We utilize the micro-level estimation technique to estimate household expenditure for the census households using Nepalese household surveys, and estimate different measures of poverty and inequality at the national level as well as at the regional, districts and village levels, and for the different caste/ethnic groups. Our findings indicate that the reduction in poverty during 1995/96 — 2003/04 is not uniform across the villages of Nepal, …

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Strategic Alliances By Financial Services Firms, Hua Wang Jul 2007

Strategic Alliances By Financial Services Firms, Hua Wang

Doctoral Dissertations

The importance of strategic alliances in the financial services industry is increasing; however, research focusing on strategic alliances is limited. In this dissertation, I intend to enhance the existing literature by examining the effect of strategic alliances on the value of financial services firms and the level of cooperation between partner firms involved in strategic alliances. The specific objectives of the dissertation are to examine the market reaction to strategic alliance announcements, to examine the preand post-announcement long-run abnormal stock performance and operating performance for the participants of strategic alliances, and to examine joint ventures and mergers and acquisitions after …

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Alfred Marshall's Cardinal Theory Of Value: The Strong Law Of Demand, Donald J. Brown, Caterina Calsamiglia Jul 2007

Alfred Marshall's Cardinal Theory Of Value: The Strong Law Of Demand, Donald J. Brown, Caterina Calsamiglia

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We show that all the fundamental properties of competitive equilibrium in Marshall’s cardinal theory of value, as presented in Note XXI of the mathematical appendix to his Principles of Economics (1890), derive from the Strong Law of Demand. That is, existence, uniqueness, optimality, and global stability of equilibrium prices with respect to tatonnement price adjustment follow from the cyclical monotonicity of the market demand function in the Marshallian general equilibrium model.

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Dynamic Marginal Contribution Mechanism, Dirk Bergemann, Juuso Välimäki Jul 2007

Dynamic Marginal Contribution Mechanism, Dirk Bergemann, Juuso Välimäki

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider truthful implementation of the socially efficient allocation in a dynamic private value environment in which agents receive private information over time. We propose a suitable generalization of the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanism, based on the marginal contribution of each agent. In the marginal contribution mechanism, the ex post incentive and ex post participations constraints are satisfied for all agents after all histories. It is the unique mechanism satisfying ex post incentive, ex post participation and efficient exit conditions. We develop the marginal contribution mechanism in detail for a sequential auction of a single object in which each bidders learn over …

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Marshall's Theory Of Value And The Strong Law Of Demand, Caterina Calsamiglia Jul 2007

Marshall's Theory Of Value And The Strong Law Of Demand, Caterina Calsamiglia

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We show that all the fundamental properties of competitive equilibrium in Marshall’s theory of value, as presented in Note XXI of the mathematical appendix to his Principles of Economics (1890), derive from the Strong Law of Demand. This is, existence, uniqueness, optimality, global stability of equilibrium prices with respect to tantonnement price adjustment and refutability follow from the cyclical monotonicity of the market demand function in the Marshallian general equilibrium model.

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The Basic Public Finance Of Public-Private Partnerships, Eduardo Engel, Ronald Fischer, Alexander Galetovic Jul 2007

The Basic Public Finance Of Public-Private Partnerships, Eduardo Engel, Ronald Fischer, Alexander Galetovic

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have been justified because they release public funds or save on distortionary taxes. However, the resources saved by a government that does not finance the upfront investment are offset by giving up future revenue flows to the concessionaire. If a PPP can be justified on efficiency grounds, the PPP contract that optimally balances demand risk, userfee distortions and the opportunity cost of public funds has a minimum revenue guarantee and a revenue cap. The optimal contract can be implemented via a competitive auction with reasonable informational requirements. The optimal revenue guarantees, revenue sharing agreements and auction mechanisms …

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Information Acquisition In Interdependent Value Auctions, Dirk Bergemann, Xianwen Shi, Juuso Välimäki Jul 2007

Information Acquisition In Interdependent Value Auctions, Dirk Bergemann, Xianwen Shi, Juuso Välimäki

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider an auction environment with interdependent values. Each bidder can learn her payoff type through costly information acquisition. We contrast the socially optimal decision to acquire information with the equilibrium solution in which each agent has to privately bear the cost of information acquisition. In the context of the generalized Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanism, we establish that the equilibrium level exceeds the socially optimal level of information with positive interdependence. The individual decisions to acquire information are strategic substitutes. The difference between the equilibrium and the efficient level of information acquisition is increasing in the interdependence of the bidders’ valuations and …

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Validity Of Subsampling And ‘Plug-In Asymptotic’ Inference For Parameters Defined By Moment Inequalities, Donald W.K. Andrews, Patrik Guggenberger Jul 2007

Validity Of Subsampling And ‘Plug-In Asymptotic’ Inference For Parameters Defined By Moment Inequalities, Donald W.K. Andrews, Patrik Guggenberger

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper considers inference for parameters defined by moment inequalities and equalities. The parameters need not be identified. For a specified class of test statistics, this paper establishes the uniform asymptotic validity of subsampling, m out of n bootstrap, and “plug-in asymptotic” tests and confidence intervals for such parameters. Establishing uniform asymptotic validity is crucial in moment inequality problems because the test statistics of interest have discontinuities in their pointwise asymptotic distributions. The size results are quite general because they hold without specifying the particular form of the moment conditions — only 2 + δ moments finite are required. The …

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Geo-Politics, The ‘War On Terror’ And The Competitiveness Of The City Of London, Richard Woodward Jul 2007

Geo-Politics, The ‘War On Terror’ And The Competitiveness Of The City Of London, Richard Woodward

Books/Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

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Oil. China And Oil In The Asian Pacific Region: Rising Demand For Oil, Pablo Bustelo Jul 2007

Oil. China And Oil In The Asian Pacific Region: Rising Demand For Oil, Pablo Bustelo

New England Journal of Public Policy

China’s growing demand for oil is significantly changing the international geopolitics of energy, especially in the Asian Pacific region. The recent growth in oil consumption, combined with forecasts of increased oil imports (especially from the Middle East), have led to deep concern among Chinese leaders regarding their country’s energy security. They are responding in a number of different ways. In particular, they are searching for new sources of supply and seeking to control purchases and transport lanes, while boosting national production at any cost. This is already causing tension with the United States and other big oil consumers, such as …

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Fueling The Superpowers: Nexus Of Foreign Policy And Energy Security, Jack Blum Jul 2007

Fueling The Superpowers: Nexus Of Foreign Policy And Energy Security, Jack Blum

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article talks about the oil history and the role government and international politics has played in it.

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Oil. Seeking Peace In The Niger Delta: Oil, Natural Gas, And Other Vital Resources, Darren Kew, David L. Phillips Jul 2007

Oil. Seeking Peace In The Niger Delta: Oil, Natural Gas, And Other Vital Resources, Darren Kew, David L. Phillips

New England Journal of Public Policy

Nigeria’s oil-rich Niger Delta region has seen little benefit from the billions of dollars earned from oil over the last four decades, prompting a growing but disorganized insurgency across the region. Irresponsible oil companies and government officials have reduced the Niger Delta to one of the most polluted environments on earth. Corrupt local and national politicians, many of whom came to power through rigged elections, have colluded to manipulate ethnic divisions amid poverty to loot the region’s wealth. Consequently, the people of the Niger Delta have no formal political voice in Nigeria’s nascent democratic system, increasing the appeal of militias …

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Perkembangan Hubungan Antarsektor Dan Antar Daerah Dalam Perekonomian Indonesia: Analisa Model Interregional Input-Output Tahun 1995 Dan 2000, Susiati B. Hirawan, Nurkholis Nurkholis Jul 2007

Perkembangan Hubungan Antarsektor Dan Antar Daerah Dalam Perekonomian Indonesia: Analisa Model Interregional Input-Output Tahun 1995 Dan 2000, Susiati B. Hirawan, Nurkholis Nurkholis

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

The changes in sectors and linkages in Indonesian economy have been changing thus affecting the structure. This study aims to evaluate the changes in the nation's economic structure by focusing 011 the development of intra/inter sectors and intra/inter regions linkage using Interregional Input-Output (IRIO) model in 1995 and 2000 data. The model analyzes the changes by applying the concept of technical coefficient stability, testing changes on the coefficients, and exploring the basic IRIO model. The study found that there has been a significant decrease of relative relationship between sectors and regions in Indonesian economy albeit of seemingly in significant. Further, …

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Peningkatan Kinerja Industri Manufaktur Di Indonesia Melalui Penurunan High Cost Economy Periode 1990-2003, Beta Yulianita Gitaharie, Eugenia Mardanugraha, Chaikal Nuryakin, Suraya Suraya Jul 2007

Peningkatan Kinerja Industri Manufaktur Di Indonesia Melalui Penurunan High Cost Economy Periode 1990-2003, Beta Yulianita Gitaharie, Eugenia Mardanugraha, Chaikal Nuryakin, Suraya Suraya

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

The economic crises attacking Asian regions in the mid of /997 have brought depressing impacts to Indonesia's economy. Indonesia experiences a declining share of investment- it is even the lowest amongst neighboring countries. Indonesia also ranks the first position in the issue of inefficiency which further discourages investors to invest in Indonesia. The study focuses on the issue of efficiency in the manufacturing industry whose share in the economy tends to increase during 1988-2005 in a higher percentage than in the agriculture and services sectors. The objectives of the study are two-folds, first is to measure the score ofefficiency in …

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Teacher Attrition In Upstate New York, John Yinger Jul 2007

Teacher Attrition In Upstate New York, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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A Dynamic-Trend Exponential Smoothing Model, Don Miller, Dan Williams Jul 2007

A Dynamic-Trend Exponential Smoothing Model, Don Miller, Dan Williams

Publications and Research

Forecasters often encounter situations in which the local pattern of a time series is not expected to persist over the forecasting horizon. Since exponential smoothing models emphasize recent behavior, their forecasts may not be appropriate over longer horizons. In this paper, we develop a new model in which the local trend line projected by exponential smoothing converges asymptotically to an assumed future long-run trend line, which might be an extension of a historical long-run trend line. The rapidity of convergence is governed by a parameter. A familiar example is an economic series exhibiting persistent long-run trend with cyclic variation. This …

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Oil. The Geopolitics Of Oil And Iraq, Issam Al-Chalabi Jul 2007

Oil. The Geopolitics Of Oil And Iraq, Issam Al-Chalabi

New England Journal of Public Policy

The author deals only with the recent developments that will shape the destiny of Iraq and determine whether it will remain a unified country or disintegrate. He is not optimistic.

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Oil. The Geopolitics Of Oil And Natural Gas, Alan Larson Jul 2007

Oil. The Geopolitics Of Oil And Natural Gas, Alan Larson

New England Journal of Public Policy

Ensuring the reliability of global energy supplies will call for policies that both encourage the use of newer, cleaner energy technologies and address the political challenges posed by the world’s growing demand for oil and natural gas. U.S. policy seeks to encourage expansion and diversification of world energy supplies and to promote the transparency and democratic institutions that help energy-producing countries make the most productive use of their resources.

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Fueling The Superpowers: Russia As A Player In World Energy, Theresa Sabonis-Helf Jul 2007

Fueling The Superpowers: Russia As A Player In World Energy, Theresa Sabonis-Helf

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article by Theresa Sabonis-Helf is taken from the proceedings of the EPIIC Symposium at Tufts University, February 2005

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Fueling The Superpowers: Potential Hazard For U.S.-China Relations, Travis Tanner Jul 2007

Fueling The Superpowers: Potential Hazard For U.S.-China Relations, Travis Tanner

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article by Travis Tanner is taken from the proceedings of the EPIIC Symposium at Tufts University, February 2005

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Oil. Geopolitics Reborn: Oil, Natural Gas, And Other Vital Resources, Michael T. Klare Jul 2007

Oil. Geopolitics Reborn: Oil, Natural Gas, And Other Vital Resources, Michael T. Klare

New England Journal of Public Policy

Competition over vital resources is a potent source of international friction among nations and within states. The result is the increasing interplay of international and internal struggles and the growing militarization of the global energy resource quest.

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Oil. Changing Geopolitics Of Oil In Asia & The Usa, Jay Hein, John Clark, Robert Ebel, Dong Hyung Cha, Richard Lotspeich Jul 2007

Oil. Changing Geopolitics Of Oil In Asia & The Usa, Jay Hein, John Clark, Robert Ebel, Dong Hyung Cha, Richard Lotspeich

New England Journal of Public Policy

One of the most important responsibilities the United States assumed following World War II was ensuring the stable flow of relatively inexpensive oil to the industrialized and industrializing countries of the world. A glance at a list of the top petroleum exporting countries shows that most of them are poor, have despotic governments, and experience frequent bouts of political instability and ideological extremism.

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Immigrants' Remittances, Susan Pozo Jul 2007

Immigrants' Remittances, Susan Pozo

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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United States Courts And The Optimal Deterrence Of International Cartels: A Welfarist Perspective On Empagran, Alan O. Sykes Jul 2007

United States Courts And The Optimal Deterrence Of International Cartels: A Welfarist Perspective On Empagran, Alan O. Sykes

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

E. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. v. Empagran S.A. concerned a private antitrust suit for damages against a global vitamins cartel. The central issue in the litigation was whether foreign plaintiffs injured by the cartel’s conduct abroad could bring suit in U.S. court, an issue that was ultimately resolved in the negative. We take a welfarist perspective on this issue and inquire whether optimal deterrence requires U.S. courts to take subject matter jurisdiction under U.S. law for claims such as those in Empagran. Our analysis considers, in particular, the arguments of various economist amici in favor of jurisdiction and arguments of the …

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Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast (Consenso De Pronósticos Económicos), Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Angel L. Molina Jr., Martha Patricia Barraza De Anda Jul 2007

Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast (Consenso De Pronósticos Económicos), Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Angel L. Molina Jr., Martha Patricia Barraza De Anda

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

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John Carroll University: Economic Impact On Northeast Ohio, Jill S. Taylor, Ziona Austrian, Afia Yamoah Jul 2007

John Carroll University: Economic Impact On Northeast Ohio, Jill S. Taylor, Ziona Austrian, Afia Yamoah

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

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Northeast Ohio Economic Brief, Afia Yamoah Jul 2007

Northeast Ohio Economic Brief, Afia Yamoah

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Identity Of The Generator In The Problem Of Social Cost, Rohan Pitchford, Christopher M. Snyder Jul 2007

The Identity Of The Generator In The Problem Of Social Cost, Rohan Pitchford, Christopher M. Snyder

Dartmouth Scholarship

One of Coase's central insights is that distinguishing between the generator and recipient of an externality is of limited value because externality problems are reciprocal. We reconsider the relevance of the identity of the generator in a model with non-contractible investment ex ante but frictionless bargaining over the externality ex post. In this framework, a party may distort its investment to worsen the other's threat point in bargaining. We demonstrate that the presence of this distortion depends, among other factors, on whether the investing party is a generator. Social efficiency can sometimes be improved by conditioning property rights on the …

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Naked And Covered In Monte Carlo: A Reappraisal Of Option Taxation, Eric D. Chason Jul 2007

Naked And Covered In Monte Carlo: A Reappraisal Of Option Taxation, Eric D. Chason

Faculty Publications

The market for equity options and related derivatives is staggering, covering trillions of dollars worth of assets. As a result, the taxation of these instruments is inherently important. Moreover, the importance is made even more acute by the use of options in creating more complex transactions and in avoiding taxes. Consider an equity call option, which entitles, but does not obligate, its holder to buy stock at a set price at a set time in the future. Option theory gives us a way to break the option down into more fundamental units. For example, an equity call option over 10,000 …

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Review Of Economic Theory And Cognitive Science By Don Ross, John B. Davis Jul 2007

Review Of Economic Theory And Cognitive Science By Don Ross, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

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