Economics Commons^™

Us Social Security Rules In The 1990s: A Natural Experiment In Myopic And Farsighted Behaviour, Stephen D. Rubb

WCBT Faculty Publications

During the 1990s changes in the earnings test threshold and the delayed retirement credit had the potential to impact the labour supply of 65 to 69-year-olds. These changes in Social Security rules are used to examine whether labour supply behaviour of elderly men and women is 'myopic' or 'farsighted'. Men are found to be more farsighted than previously realized, perhaps due to increases in life expectancy.

Why Does Pakistan Have To Accumulate Foreign Reserves?, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

The critics of the present policy on reserve accumulation fall into three distinct categories. The first group consists of ‘I don’t accept’ type who do not wish to be bothered with any facts and for them this is simply juggling of statistics. They do not have any credibility in these numbers and don’t believe that the country has so much reserves. For them, I can only pray that Allah opens their minds and allows them to see some light. They can, if they choose to do so, verify the credibility of these statistics by looking at our weekly statements over …

What Works In Economic Development Practice? An Evaluation Of Strategies & Tools, Ziona Austrian, Jill Norton

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

What Works in Economic Development reviews evaluation literature relevant to economic development strategies. While economic development programs are difficult to evaluate, the literature reveals important information about the level of success achieved by various programs. It also demonstrates how positive results can be realized. A “what works” matrix follows the review of the evaluation studies. The matrix highlights the significant findings and key lessons that can be learned from this work.

Strategies And Tools In Economic Development Practice, Ziona Austrian, Jill Norton

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

The Evolution And Utilization Of The Gatt/Wto Dispute Settlement Mechanism, Pao Li Chang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper attempts to study the usage of the GATT/WTO dispute settlement mechanism and to explain its patterns across different regimes and decades, using a unified theoretical model. This study first explores the role of the degree of legal controversy over a panel ruling in determining countries’ incentives to block/appeal a panel report under the GATT/WTO regime. The model is able to explain the surge in blocking incidence during the 1980s over the preceding GATT years and the immense frequency at which the new appellate procedure under the WTO is invoked. Furthermore, a two-sided asymmetric information framework is used to …

Endogenous Tariff Formation With Intra-Industry Trade, Pao-Li Chang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Previous theoretical contributions on endogenous tariff formation have focused on trade models with homogeneous goods and constant returns to scale. This paper investigates the political equilibrium of trade policy when economic structure is instead characterized by differentiated products and increasing returns to scale and there exists intra-industry trade. The result shows that endogenous tariffs are positive for all industries with non-negligible shares of world production. However, the level of protection is less than the optimal tariff that would otherwise be imposed by a benevolent government in an unorganized industry, and higher in an organized industry. The protection provided to all …

A Misspecification-Robust Impulse Response Estimator, Pao Li Chang, Shinichi Sakata

Research Collection School Of Economics

Impulse response analysis is typically conducted by fitting an autoregression model to a time series and calculating the moving average coefficients implied by the estimated autoregression model. The possible shape and persistence of the impulse response function implied by a parsimonious autoregression specification are very limited. This paper proposes an alternative approach to estimating impulse response function, which is asymptotically valid yet is less sensitive to model misspecifications in small samples. The small sample advantages of the proposed impulse response estimator over the conventional approach is demonstrated by Monte Carlo studies. The large sample validity of the proposed estimator is …

New Mexico Labor Market Review 07-31-2002, New Mexico Department Of Labor

Historic Publications

The New Mexico Labor Market Review is a monthly publication presenting statistical data and analysis on labor market conditions throughout New Mexico. Issues examine statewide and regional trends in employment, unemployment, labor force estimates, industry activity, wages, occupational demand, and related economic conditions, often accompanied by feature articles on topics affecting the state’s economy. This issue covers June 2002.

The Farm Security And Rural Investment Act Of 2002: A Chang Ein Policy Or A Continuation Of Freedom To Farm?, Gary Taylor

Economics Commentator (1972- 2016)

No abstract provided.

Lethal Elections: Gubernatorial Politics And The Timing Of Executions, Jeffrey D. Kubik, John R. Moran

Economics - All Scholarship

We document the existence of a gubernatorial election cycle in state executions, suggesting that election year political considerations play a role in determining the timing of executions. Our analysis indicates that states are approximately 25 percent more likely to conduct executions in gubernatorial election years than in other years. We also find that elections have a larger effect on the probability that an African American defendant will be executed in a given year than on the probability that a white defendant will be executed, and that the overall effect of elections is largest in the South. These findings raise concerns …

Can Policy Changes Be Treated As Natural Experiments? Evidence From State Excise Taxes, Jeffrey D. Kubik, John R. Moran

Economics - All Scholarship

An important issue in public policy analysis is the potential endogeneity of the policies under study. If policy changes constitute responses on the part of political decision-makers to changes in a variable of interest, then standard analyses that treat policy changes as natural experiments may yield biased estimates of the impact of the policy (Besley and Case 2000). We examine the extent to which such political endogeneity biases conventional fixed effects estimates of behavioral parameters by identifying the elasticities of demand for cigarettes and beer using the timing of state legislative elections as an instrument for changes in state excise …

Vocational Rehabilitation And Small Business Development Center Linkages, Nancy Arnold, Catherine Ipsen, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Employment

Self-employment provides a variety of advantages including flexible hours, ability to work from home, an outlet for creativity, and a job that capitalizes on one’s interests and talents (Clark & Kays, 1999). According to the 1990 United States Census, people with disabilities choose self-employment at a higher rate than people without disabilities (12.2% vs. 7.8%). The 1998 Reauthorization of the Rehabilitation Act contains language that strengthens self-employment as a viable and expected Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) outcome. Likewise, Small Business Administration (SBA) initiatives which impact Small Business Development Centers (SBDCs) contain similar goals of enhancing self-employment service delivery for people with …

Best Response Equivalence, Stephen Morris, Takashi Ui

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Two games are best-response equivalent if they have the same best-response correspondence. We provide a characterization of when two games are best-response equivalent. The characterizations exploit a dual relationship between payoff differences and beliefs. Some “potential game” arguments (cf. Monderer and Shapley, 1996, Games. Econ. Behav. 14, 124-143) rely only on the property that potential games are best-response equivalent to identical interest games. Our results show that a large class of games are best-response equivalent to identical interest games, but are not potential games. Thus we show how some existing potential game arguments can be extended.

Econometric Methods For Endogenously Sampled Time Series: The Case Of Commodity Price Speculation In The Steel Market, George J. Hall, John Rust

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper studies the econometric problems associated with estimation of a stochastic process that is endogenously sampled . Our interest is to infer the law of motion of a discrete-time stochastic process { p t } that is observed only at a subset of times { t 1 ,…, t n } that depend on the outcome of a probabilistic sampling rule that depends on the history of the process as well as other observed covariates x t . We focus on a particular example where p t denotes the daily wholesale price of a standardized steel product. However there …

Schwartz Conference, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Flyer for the Globalization and the myths of free trade conference at the New School University. (2003, April 18). Unpublished promotional flyer. The New School University.

• Printing quotation for flyers and invitations for the Schwartz conference, with handwritten note regarding copies of project reports for globalization materials. (2003, April 8). Unpublished printing quotation with annotated handwritten note [Manuscript with annotations]. (A. Shaikh, PhD, annotator).

• Printing quotation for posters for the Schwartz conference. (2003, April 8). Unpublished printing quotation. [Printer not identified].

• Guest check for the globalization conference. (2003, April 18). Unpublished receipt. [Vendor …

Economic Currents: The State Of The State Economy, Alan Clayton-Matthews

Public Policy and Public Affairs Faculty Publication Series

While no longer contracting, the Massachusetts economy has not yet turned the corner, either. Delays in the recovery of the technology sector, along with state government fiscal problems, have offset modest expansion in health, education, and residential real estate. But consumer confidence and spending, buoyed by low interest rates and rising home equity, have been making up for weak business capital spending. Could slow growth be just ahead?

What Makes That Employee So Good? Identifying The Characteristics Of High Performance Hourly Employees In The Theme Park And Attraction Industry, Ady Milman

Dick Pope Sr. Institute Publications

Following the September 11th, 2001 events, the United States has seen the first decline in employment expansion in over a decade. The services industry lost 111,000 jobs, mainly in travel-related businesses like hotels (46,000) and auto services (13,000), in particular auto rental agencies and parking services (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001). The hospitality industry, like many other sectors of the service industry is faced with the challenge of recruiting and retaining employees. Employment in the theme park and attraction industry is not an easy task. Human resource professionals are challenged on a daily basis with unique task of recruiting, selecting, …

Analisis Aglomerasi Industri Manufaktur Besar Dan Sedang Di Dki Jakarta Tahun 1975-1998, Sonny Harry B., Bambang P. S. Brodjonegoro

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

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Tingkat Upah, Inflasi Dan Pengangguran: Aplikasi Model Lucas-Rapping Terhadap Pasar Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Tahun 1960-2001, Teguh Yudo Wicaksono

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Lucas-Rapping model is considered as succesfull model to explain the labor force in America. We are apply this model on Indonesian case to analyze the fluctuation of labor force and to know wether the shift on labor supply and unemployment is a function of current real wage or not. We also intend to analyze behaviour of household to respond the real wage change.

From demand side, we can trace out how deep the eduaction role on labor force quality.

The conclusion may be helpfull on determining appropriate policy on education sector.

We use data from BPS including lndikator Ekonomi dan …

The Effects Of Temporary Services And Contracting Out On Low-Skilled Workers: Evidence From Auto Suppliers, Hospitals, And Public Schools, George A. Erickcek, Susan N. Houseman, Arne L. Kalleberg

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We examine why employers use temporary agency and contract company workers and the implications of these practices for the wages, benefits, and working conditions of workers in low-skilled labor markets. Through intensive case studies in manufacturing (automotive supply), services (hospitals), and public sector (primary and secondary schools) industries, we define the circumstances under which these workers are likely to be adversely affected, minimally affected, or even benefited by such outsourcing. Adverse effects on compensation are clearest when companies substitute agency temporaries or contract company workers for regular employees on a long-term basis because low-skilled workers within the organization receive relatively …

Peran Ekonomi Perkotaan Dalam Ekonomi Nasional, Djamester A. Simarmata

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

This article discusses the indirect roles of urban economy to the national economy through its property and land market. Some national economic instruments have inevitable effects on the local variables, making the concept of regional autonomy limited. The level of interest rates is determined by the central bank, which has a strong nation wide effects, influencing the valuation of property and land, namely in the urbanized areas. One of the main concerns of many people and both local and national governments in the urbanized area is on housing. How should the national policies and local policies be harmonized so that …

Manajemen Lnflasi Indonesia Menuju Optimalitas Growth Ekonomi Nasional, Ibrahim Kholilul Rohman Havid Rozaq, Satria Utama Soekardjono, Nurkholis Mahfudz

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

In the economic literature, the relationship between the growth and inflation has been discussed in different ways with respect to the development stages of the world economy. According to the current view, there is a negative relationship between growth and inflation. This seems to be compatible with the fact that the investments and the economic growth have been negatively affected by the high and chronic inflation rates. Thus, improvement of the long-run growth potential depends on the elimination of the uncertainties that stems from high inflation rates. Developments in commodity, service, and financial markets necessitate the countries to perceive the …

The Economic Review Of The Travel Industry In Montana: 2002 Biennial Edition, Thale Dillon, Jill Sanderson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This review provides current and historical data of nonresident travel and tourism in Montana, and offers the industry's economic contributions to the state.

Temporary Services And Contracting Out: Effects On Low-Skilled Workers, Susan N. Houseman, George A. Erickcek

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Labor Market Performance: Employment Reallocation And Productivity Growth In Russia, John S. Earle

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

A Frontline Decision Support System For Georgia Career Centers, Randall W. Eberts, Christopher J. O'Leary

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998 emphasizes the integration and coordination of employment services. Central to achieving this aim is the federal requirement that local areas receiving WIA funding must establish one-stop centers, where providers of various employment services within a local labor market are assembled in one location. A major challenge facing staff in these centers is the expected large volume of customers resulting from relaxed program eligibility rules. Nonetheless, resources for assessment and counseling are limited. To help frontline staff in one-stop centers quickly assess customer needs and properly target services, the U.S. Department of Labor has …

Exchange-Rate Systems And Interest-Rate Behavior: The Experience Of Hong Kong And Singapore, Yiu Kuen Tse, Paul S. L. Yip

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper we consider the implications of the two different exchange-rate systems in Hong Kong (HK) and Singapore (SP) on the economic performance of these two economies. While HK has a pegged exchange-rate regime under a currency board system (CBS), SP has a managed-float system with monitoring band. We examine whether the managed-float system of SP provides an advantage over the rigid CBS of HK in mitigating the recession caused by the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC), and the implications of the differences in the exchange-rate systems on interest-rate behaviour. Our empirical results show that the monitoring band system in …

The Implications Of Technology Networks On Diffusion And Economic Growth, Hing-Man Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

After the record-breaking run of high-speed growth in the United States during the late 1990s, a pressing question is Has anything fundamental changed in our growth engine? This paper examines an IT-led endogenous growth model driven by technology diffusion. Diffusion is in turn driven by network effect embodied in new technologies. The equilibrium long-term growth rate is however found to be independent of such technology networks. A novelty in our model is that innovation is discontinuous and it is separated by periods of diffusion. This (IT) network-diffusion is shown to be Sigmoid, and diffusion speed is slower than socially optimal.

A Modified Family Of Power Transformations, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

A modified family of power transformation, called the Dual Power Transformation, is proposed, which overcomes the truncation problem of the Box-Cox power transformation. The new transformation possesses properties similar to those of the Box-Cox power transformation. It generates a rich family of distributions that is seen to be very useful in modeling and analysis of economic durations and medical/engineering event-times. Further, it gives rise to transformed (regression) models such that all the standard asymptotic results of the maximum likelihood theory apply. Empirical results presented are more favorable to the new transformation than to the Box-Cox power transformation in terms of …

Optimal Organizational Design In A Dichotomous-Choice Project Selection Model, Winston T. H. Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper studies collective decision making in the context of a project selection model. We derive the optimal decision architecture when marginal decision costs are present, and investigate the circumstances under which the hierarchy and polyarchy exist as optimal sequential architectures. Our analysis extends previous results on optimal committee decision-making to a sequential setting, and further demonstrates the fragility of the hierarchy and polyarchy as optimal architectures.