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W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research

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Articles 391 - 420 of 1455

Full-Text Articles in Economics

Variability In U.S. Labor Markets: A Presentation To The Workers’ Compensation Research Institute, Michael Horrigan Mar 2020

Variability In U.S. Labor Markets: A Presentation To The Workers’ Compensation Research Institute, Michael Horrigan

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Investing In Community: A Playbook For Connecting Economic And Skills Development, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein, Michelle Miller-Adams, Lee Adams, Amy Meyers, Bridget Timmeney Mar 2020

Investing In Community: A Playbook For Connecting Economic And Skills Development, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein, Michelle Miller-Adams, Lee Adams, Amy Meyers, Bridget Timmeney

Reports

No abstract provided.


Heterogeneous Impacts On Layoffs Of Changes In Brazilian Unemployment Insurance Eligibility Rules, Túlio Cravo, Christopher J. O'Leary, Ana Cristina Sierra, Leandro Justino Veloso Feb 2020

Heterogeneous Impacts On Layoffs Of Changes In Brazilian Unemployment Insurance Eligibility Rules, Túlio Cravo, Christopher J. O'Leary, Ana Cristina Sierra, Leandro Justino Veloso

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper is based on the first use of program administrative data from Brazil’s unemployment insurance (UI) program to assess the impact of changes in UI eligibility criteria on layoff probabilities. We exploit exogenous program changes introduced by executive and legislative changes in 2015 to estimate impacts while accounting for the number of prior UI benefit requests. We estimate that changes in UI eligibility criteria had heterogeneous impacts distinguished by the number of prior benefit requests. We show that the 2015 changes in UI eligibility rules reduced layoffs and find evidence that the changes reduced collusion between workers and employers …


Effects Of Unemployment Insurance Reforms In Brazil, Christopher J. O'Leary, Túlio Cravo, Ana Cristina Sierra, Leandro Justino Veloso Feb 2020

Effects Of Unemployment Insurance Reforms In Brazil, Christopher J. O'Leary, Túlio Cravo, Ana Cristina Sierra, Leandro Justino Veloso

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Supply Shock Versus Demand Shock: The Local Effects Of New Housing In Low-Income Areas, Brian J. Asquith, Evan Mast, Davin Reed Feb 2020

Supply Shock Versus Demand Shock: The Local Effects Of New Housing In Low-Income Areas, Brian J. Asquith, Evan Mast, Davin Reed

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Effects Of Unemployment Insurance Reforms In Brazil, Christopher J. O'Leary, Túlio Cravo, Ana Cristina Sierra, Leandro Justino Veloso Feb 2020

Effects Of Unemployment Insurance Reforms In Brazil, Christopher J. O'Leary, Túlio Cravo, Ana Cristina Sierra, Leandro Justino Veloso

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


The Long-Term Effects Of Labor Market Entry In A Recession: Evidence From The Asian Financial Crisis, Eleanor Jawon Choi, Jaewoo Choi, Hyelim Son Feb 2020

The Long-Term Effects Of Labor Market Entry In A Recession: Evidence From The Asian Financial Crisis, Eleanor Jawon Choi, Jaewoo Choi, Hyelim Son

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper investigates the long-term effects of initial labor market conditions by comparing cohorts who graduated from college before, during, and after the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis in South Korea. We measure the overall welfare effect by examining their labor market activities, family formation, and household finances. Using data from 20 waves of the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, we find a substantial and persistent reduction in employment, earnings, marriage, fertility, and asset building among men who graduated during a recession. For women, limited job opportunities at graduation result in an increase in childbearing. Our results suggest that labor …


College Attainment, Income Inequality, And Economic Security: A Simulation Exercise, Brad J. Hershbein, Melissa S. Kearney, Luke W. Pardue Jan 2020

College Attainment, Income Inequality, And Economic Security: A Simulation Exercise, Brad J. Hershbein, Melissa S. Kearney, Luke W. Pardue

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We conduct an empirical simulation exercise that gauges the plausible impact of increased rates of college attainment on a variety of measures of income inequality and economic insecurity. Using two different methodological approaches—a distributional approach and a causal parameter approach—we find that increased rates of bachelor’s and associate degree attainment would meaningfully increase economic security for lower-income individuals, reduce poverty and near-poverty, and shrink gaps between the 90th and lower percentiles of the earnings distribution. However, increases in college attainment would not significantly reduce inequality at the very top of the distribution.


College Attainment, Income Inequality, And Economic Security: A Simulation Exercise, Brad J. Hershbein, Melissa S. Kearney, Luke W. Pardue Jan 2020

College Attainment, Income Inequality, And Economic Security: A Simulation Exercise, Brad J. Hershbein, Melissa S. Kearney, Luke W. Pardue

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


An Illustrated Case For Unemployment Insurance Reform, Christopher J. O'Leary, Stephen A. Wandner Jan 2020

An Illustrated Case For Unemployment Insurance Reform, Christopher J. O'Leary, Stephen A. Wandner

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We present a graphic case for unemployment insurance (UI) program reform. Through a series of illustrations summarizing historical trends, we show how the UI system has diverged from its intended purposes. Our figures show the decline of the program in addressing its essential aims of paying adequate unemployment compensation during involuntary unemployment and providing reemployment services. We illustrate the big differences in UI programs that have emerged because of the broad discretion afforded states to determine benefit generosity. We also illustrate declines in the financial means for providing benefits and reemployment services and a widening divergence among states in the …


Estimating The Impacts Of Business Assistance Programs: The Case Of The Manufacturing Extension Partnership And Multi-Year Estimates, Jim Robey, Randall W. Eberts, Kenneth Voytek Jan 2020

Estimating The Impacts Of Business Assistance Programs: The Case Of The Manufacturing Extension Partnership And Multi-Year Estimates, Jim Robey, Randall W. Eberts, Kenneth Voytek

Presentations

No abstract provided.


A Study Of Claim Resolution Structured Settlement Agreements: Final Report, Marcus Dillender, Kevin Hollenbeck, H. Allan Hunt Jan 2020

A Study Of Claim Resolution Structured Settlement Agreements: Final Report, Marcus Dillender, Kevin Hollenbeck, H. Allan Hunt

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

The purpose of this project is to evaluate the quality and effectiveness (measured from the perspectives of workers, businesses, and the State of Washington) of structured settlement agreements (SSAs) of workers compensation claims, and to report findings to the state legislature. SSAs were introduced into the state's workers compensation system by legislative action in 2011. The evaluation will include both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Staff members will conduct statistical analysis of claims data and online survey data to garner the perspective of workers. Administrative data will be scrutinized to determine the impact of SSAs on State fund and self-insured employers. …


Supply Shock Versus Demand Shock: The Local Effects Of New Housing In Low-Income Areas, Brian J. Asquith, Evan Mast, Davin Reed Jan 2020

Supply Shock Versus Demand Shock: The Local Effects Of New Housing In Low-Income Areas, Brian J. Asquith, Evan Mast, Davin Reed

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Supply Shock Versus Demand Shock: The Local Effects Of New Housing In Low-Income Areas, Brian J. Asquith, Evan Mast, Davin Reed Dec 2019

Supply Shock Versus Demand Shock: The Local Effects Of New Housing In Low-Income Areas, Brian J. Asquith, Evan Mast, Davin Reed

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We study the local effects of new market-rate housing in low-income areas using microdata on large apartment buildings, rents, and migration. New buildings decrease nearby rents by 5 to 7 percent relative to locations slightly farther away or developed later, and they increase in-migration from low-income areas. Results are driven by a large supply effect—we show that new buildings absorb many high-income households—that overwhelms any offsetting endogenous amenity effect. The latter may be small because most new buildings go into already-changing areas. Contrary to common concerns, new buildings slow local rent increases rather than initiate or accelerate them.


Rethinking State Economic Development Strategies: Or, How To Maximize Benefits For State Residents’ Earnings Per Capita, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2019

Rethinking State Economic Development Strategies: Or, How To Maximize Benefits For State Residents’ Earnings Per Capita, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Pathways To Careers In Health Care, Christopher T. King Editor, Philip Young P. Hong Editor Dec 2019

Pathways To Careers In Health Care, Christopher T. King Editor, Philip Young P. Hong Editor

Upjohn Press

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act passed by Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2010 effected major changes in the financing and delivery of health care in the United States. It also authorized creation of the Health Profession Opportunity Grants program (HPOG), a demonstration effort within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to provide opportunities for education and training that lead to jobs and career advancement in health care for recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and other low-income individuals and to respond to the increasing demand for health care professionals. …


Should Place-Based Jobs Policies Be Used To Help Distressed Communities? Yes, But Current Policies Need Reforms, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2019

Should Place-Based Jobs Policies Be Used To Help Distressed Communities? Yes, But Current Policies Need Reforms, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


The Importance Of Informal Work In Supplementing Household Income, Katharine G. Abraham, Susan N. Houseman Nov 2019

The Importance Of Informal Work In Supplementing Household Income, Katharine G. Abraham, Susan N. Houseman

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


The Importance Of Informal Work In Supplementing Household Income, Katharine G. Abraham, Susan N. Houseman Oct 2019

The Importance Of Informal Work In Supplementing Household Income, Katharine G. Abraham, Susan N. Houseman

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Climate Change And Occupational Health: Can We Adapt?, Marcus Dillender Oct 2019

Climate Change And Occupational Health: Can We Adapt?, Marcus Dillender

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Adverse Life Events And Intergenerational Transfers, Jessamyn Schaller, Chase Eck Oct 2019

Adverse Life Events And Intergenerational Transfers, Jessamyn Schaller, Chase Eck

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

While there has been broad interest in the direct effects of major life events on older households that experience them, little attention has been paid to the intergenerational transmission of those effects— how negative shocks in parents’ households affect the outcomes of their adult children—or to the role that grown children play in helping their parents recover from adverse events. We use regression and event study approaches to examine within-family changes in monetary transfers and informal care following wealth loss, involuntary job displacement, spousal death, and health shocks in retirement-aged households. We find that giving to adult children is responsive …


Four Decades Of Declining Federal Leadership In The Federal-State Unemployment Insurance Program, Stephen A. Wandner Oct 2019

Four Decades Of Declining Federal Leadership In The Federal-State Unemployment Insurance Program, Stephen A. Wandner

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The unemployment insurance (UI) program was established in 1935. Unlike other social insurance programs created by the Social Security Act, it was established as a federal-state program. The federal government initially acted as a strong partner working with state agencies that operate the UI program. Over the past four decades, however, the federal role in the UI program has declined because of reductions in federal resources dedicated to the program and weakening policy leadership and programmatic support. As a result, states operate increasingly divergent UI programs, with many programs providing limited access to the program for experienced unemployed workers who …


Making Sense Of Incentives: Taming Business Incentives To Promote Prosperity, Timothy J. Bartik Oct 2019

Making Sense Of Incentives: Taming Business Incentives To Promote Prosperity, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Press

In evaluating incentives, everything depends on the details: how much in incentives it takes to truly cause a firm to locate or expand, the multiplier effects, the effects of jobs on employment rates, how jobs affect tax revenue versus public spending needs. Do benefits of incentives exceed costs? This depends on the details. This book is about those details. What magnitudes of incentive effects are plausible? How do benefits and costs vary with incentive designs? What advice can be given to evaluators? What is an ideal incentive policy? Answering these questions about incentives depends on a model of incentive effects, …


Is A Driverless Future Also Jobless?, Erica L. Groshen, John Paul Macduffie, Susan Helper, Charles Carson Oct 2019

Is A Driverless Future Also Jobless?, Erica L. Groshen, John Paul Macduffie, Susan Helper, Charles Carson

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Immigrants And The U.S. Wage Distribution, Vasil I. Yasenov Oct 2019

Immigrants And The U.S. Wage Distribution, Vasil I. Yasenov

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

A large body of literature estimates the relative wage impacts of immigration on low- and high-skill natives, but it is unclear how these effects map onto changes of the wage distribution. I document the movement of foreign-born workers in the U.S. wage distribution, showing that, since 1980, they have become increasingly overrepresented in the bottom. Downgrading of education and experience obtained abroad partially drives this pattern. I then undertake two empirical approaches to deepen our understanding of the way foreign-born workers shape the wage structure. First, I estimate a standard theoretical model featuring constant elasticity of substitution technology and skill …


Evaluation Of Per Scholas As An Employee Recruiting Tool For Businesses, Lee Adams, Jing Cai, Janelle Grant, Brad J. Hershbein, Bridget F. Timmeney Sep 2019

Evaluation Of Per Scholas As An Employee Recruiting Tool For Businesses, Lee Adams, Jing Cai, Janelle Grant, Brad J. Hershbein, Bridget F. Timmeney

Reports

No abstract provided.


Does The Healthcare Educational Market Respond To Short-Run Local Demand?, Marcus Dillender, Andrew Friedson, Cong Gian, Kosali Simon Sep 2019

Does The Healthcare Educational Market Respond To Short-Run Local Demand?, Marcus Dillender, Andrew Friedson, Cong Gian, Kosali Simon

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


What Should States Do About Incentives?, Timothy J. Bartik Sep 2019

What Should States Do About Incentives?, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Rent Control—Is The Cure Worse Than The Disease?, Brian J. Asquith Aug 2019

Rent Control—Is The Cure Worse Than The Disease?, Brian J. Asquith

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Strengths Of The Social Safety Net In The Great Recession: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance And Unemployment Insurance, Christopher J. O'Leary Editor, David W. Stevens Editor, Stephen A. Wandner, Michael Wiseman Editor Aug 2019

Strengths Of The Social Safety Net In The Great Recession: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance And Unemployment Insurance, Christopher J. O'Leary Editor, David W. Stevens Editor, Stephen A. Wandner, Michael Wiseman Editor

Upjohn Press

The contributors in this book use administrative data from six states from before, during, and after the Great Recession to gauge the degree to which Supplemental Nutrition Assistance (SNAP) and Unemployment Insurance (UI) interacted. They also recommend ways that the program policies could be altered to better serve those suffering hardship as a result of future economic downturns.