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W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research

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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 1455

Full-Text Articles in Economics

Has Training Helped Employ Xiagang In China? A Tale From Two Cities, Benu Bidani, Chor-Ching Goh, Christopher J. O'Leary Mar 2002

Has Training Helped Employ Xiagang In China? A Tale From Two Cities, Benu Bidani, Chor-Ching Goh, Christopher J. O'Leary

Reports

This study evaluates the effectiveness of training programs for workers retrenched from Chinese state-owned enterprises in the cities of Shenyang and Wuhan. A variety of impact estimators were applied, however ordinary least squares (OLS) controlling for observable characteristic s was robust. We find that training dampens reemployment prospects in Shenyang but improves them in Wuhan. Training impact estimates computed by propensity score and log odds ratio matching imposing various support condition rules, yielded estimates very similar to those from the OLS. The estimates suggest that participation in training reduces the probability of being employed one year after participation by about …

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Carve-Outs In Workers' Compensation: An Analysis Of The Experience In The California Construction Industry, David I. Levine, Frank Neuhauser, Richard Reuben, Jeffrey S. Petersen, Cristian Echeverria Jan 2002

Carve-Outs In Workers' Compensation: An Analysis Of The Experience In The California Construction Industry, David I. Levine, Frank Neuhauser, Richard Reuben, Jeffrey S. Petersen, Cristian Echeverria

Upjohn Press

Employers and unions in several states during the 1990s were allowed to "carve out" their own workers' compensation systems. These innovative reforms gave the parties the right to collectively bargain their own systems outside the statutory systems. In addition, alternative dispute resolution (ADR) systems were implemented in order speed the legal process and reduce litigation costs. This book offers an evaluation of the first few years' experience with these organizational reforms in California.

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Temporary Employment In Auto Supply, George A. Erickcek, Susan N. Houseman, Arne L. Kalleberg Jan 2002

Temporary Employment In Auto Supply, George A. Erickcek, Susan N. Houseman, Arne L. Kalleberg

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Imports, Exports, And Jobs: What Does Trade Mean For Employment And Job Loss?, Lori G. Kletzer Jan 2002

Imports, Exports, And Jobs: What Does Trade Mean For Employment And Job Loss?, Lori G. Kletzer

Upjohn Press

Kletzer adds to our understanding of the magnitude of the costs and benefits of free trade. She presents a focused examination of the relationship between changes in international trade, employment, and job displacement for a sample of U.S. manufacturing industries. The link between international trade and domestic jobs is also explored through studies of both net and gross employment job change.

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State Enterprise Zone Programs: Have They Worked?, Alan H. Peters, Peter S. Fisher Jan 2002

State Enterprise Zone Programs: Have They Worked?, Alan H. Peters, Peter S. Fisher

Upjohn Press

Peters and Fisher evaluate 75 EZs located in 13 states to gain an understanding of the overall effectiveness of state enterprise zones. Faced with a paucity of data on EZs that could be used in standard economic analysis, the authors employ a hypothetical firm model in which they apply various EZ and non-EZ incentives to financial statements created for a set of "typical" firms. Observing the impacts of both types of incentives on firms' financial statements allow Peters and Fisher to predict the firms' resulting behavior. Between these findings and the data accumulated from actual EZs, they are able to …

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The Economics Of Work And Family, Jean Kimmel Editor, Emily P. Hoffman Editor Jan 2002

The Economics Of Work And Family, Jean Kimmel Editor, Emily P. Hoffman Editor

Upjohn Press

Using an economic perspective, the contributors confront work/family issues including child care (potentially the biggest obstacle to parents successfully integrating work and family priorities), how parents balance time between work and family obligations, links between women's childbearing and their economic outcomes, the success of the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), and the relationship between family structure and labor market outcomes. They also argue for specific policies designed to alleviate the stresses related to these issues.

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Losing Work, Moving On: International Perspectives On Worker Displacement, Peter Joseph Kuhn Editor Jan 2002

Losing Work, Moving On: International Perspectives On Worker Displacement, Peter Joseph Kuhn Editor

Upjohn Press

This volume presents a collaborative effort by 22 labor economists who examine worker displacement and the attempts to address it in 10 industrialized countries. Using large nationally-representative data sets and detailed policy analysis, the authors focus on two key questions related to worker displacement: 1) whether the experiences of displaced workers in the United States, and the patterns of experiences across workers, echo patterns seen in other developed countries, and 2) what can be learned, both from the similarities and from the differences across countries?

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Rural Dimensions Of Welfare Reform, Bruce A. Weber Editor, Greg J. Duncan Editor, Leslie A. Whitener Editor Jan 2002

Rural Dimensions Of Welfare Reform, Bruce A. Weber Editor, Greg J. Duncan Editor, Leslie A. Whitener Editor

Upjohn Press

This volume presents a comprehensive look at how welfare reforms enacted in 1996 are affecting caseloads, employment, earnings, and family well-being in rural areas.

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How New Is The "New Employment Contract"?: Evidence From North American Pay Practices, David I. Levine, Dale Belman, Gary Charness, Erica L. Groshen, K. C. O'Shaughnessy Jan 2002

How New Is The "New Employment Contract"?: Evidence From North American Pay Practices, David I. Levine, Dale Belman, Gary Charness, Erica L. Groshen, K. C. O'Shaughnessy

Upjohn Press

This book explores this apparent change in the employment contract. Whereas earlier studies in this area focused on the rigidities in the quantity side of the employment relationship, e.g., changes in job tenure and rates of displacement, the authors focus on the price side of the contract - whether wage structures have become more flexible.

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Targeting Employment Services, Randall W. Eberts Editor, Christopher J. O'Leary Editor, Stephen A. Wandner Editor Jan 2002

Targeting Employment Services, Randall W. Eberts Editor, Christopher J. O'Leary Editor, Stephen A. Wandner Editor

Upjohn Press

This book offers a thorough overview of the U.S. experience with targeting reemployment services and self-employment assistance to UI beneficiaries most likely to exhaust benefits. The authors also suggest other programs that might benefit from targeting, examine Canadian efforts at targeting reemployment services, and consider prospects for a new Frontline Decision Support System for one-stop centers.

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The Role Of Partnerships In Economic Development And Labor Markets In The United States, Randall W. Eberts, George A. Erickcek Jan 2002

The Role Of Partnerships In Economic Development And Labor Markets In The United States, Randall W. Eberts, George A. Erickcek

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper describes the role of local partnerships in the delivery of workforce and economic development services in the United States. Partnerships include both public and private organizations and increasingly depend upon local business people for leadership. With grassroots organizations traditionally taking the lead in addressing local issues and a long history of decentralized government, it is not surprising that a labyrinth of partnerships characterize the provision of public services. This paper grew out of a study tour that the Upjohn Institute conducted in conjunction with the Local Employment and Economic Development (LEED) Committee of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation …

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Employee Ownership After Privatization: Governance Institutions And Firm Performance In Romania, John S. Earle, ÁLmos Telegdy Dec 2001

Employee Ownership After Privatization: Governance Institutions And Firm Performance In Romania, John S. Earle, ÁLmos Telegdy

Reports

This paper studies the governance institutions and performance consequences of privatization through management-employee buyout (MEBO) in Romania. Detailed firm-level survey data are used to analyze ownership rights practices concerning voting, dividend payment, and sales of shares, and to study the continued role of the state through restructuring restrictions in the privatization contracts, difficulties in installment payment, and possible renationalization of shares. Comprehensive privatization and registry data are used to estimate the productivity performance of industrial MEBOs, compared with mass transfers to dispersed individuals, sales to domestic and foreign blockholders, and continued ownership by the state. We find that the ownership …

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The Economic Impact Of Cornerstone Alliance On Berrien County, George A. Erickcek Dec 2001

The Economic Impact Of Cornerstone Alliance On Berrien County, George A. Erickcek

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Nonstandard Work And Child Care Choices Of Married Mothers, Jean Kimmel, Lisa M. Powell Dec 2001

Nonstandard Work And Child Care Choices Of Married Mothers, Jean Kimmel, Lisa M. Powell

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The focus of this paper is to examine the interplay between nonstandard employment and child care choice decisions of married mothers with young children. We draw on the 1992/93 Survey of Income and Program Participation to estimate two related econometric models of child care choice that include the choice among center, sitter, relative and parental care. First, controlling for the potential endogeneity of the nonstandard work decision, we find that being a nonstandard worker significantly reduces the likelihood of using formal modes of child care such as center and sitter care. In our second model, where we jointly estimate the …

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The Benton Harbor Area Benchmarking Study, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts Nov 2001

The Benton Harbor Area Benchmarking Study, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Targeting Welfare-To-Work Services Using Statistical Tools, Randall W. Eberts Oct 2001

Targeting Welfare-To-Work Services Using Statistical Tools, Randall W. Eberts

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Risk Sharing Through Social Security Retirement Income Systems: A Comparison Of Canada And The United States, John A. Turner Oct 2001

Risk Sharing Through Social Security Retirement Income Systems: A Comparison Of Canada And The United States, John A. Turner

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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St. Joseph County Benchmarking Study, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts Sep 2001

St. Joseph County Benchmarking Study, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evaluating Active Labor Market Programs In Transition Economies, Christopher J. O'Leary Sep 2001

Evaluating Active Labor Market Programs In Transition Economies, Christopher J. O'Leary

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

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The Returns To Education And Basic Skills Training For Individuals With Poor Health Or Disability, Kevin Hollenbeck, Jean Kimmel Aug 2001

The Returns To Education And Basic Skills Training For Individuals With Poor Health Or Disability, Kevin Hollenbeck, Jean Kimmel

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper examines linkages between disability and health status and the returns to education and basic skills training. It bases analyses on two separate data sources: wave 3 from the 1993 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and the 1992 National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS). The data sets have been used to estimate standard wage equations with education and basic skills training among the independent variables. The NALS data set allows us to control for prose, quantitative, and document literacy. The wage equations rely on Heckit corrections for labor force participation, and we stratify by sex. …

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The Benefits Implications Of Recent Trends In Flexible Staff Arrangements, Susan N. Houseman Aug 2001

The Benefits Implications Of Recent Trends In Flexible Staff Arrangements, Susan N. Houseman

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Workers in flexible staffing arrangements - including temporary agency, direct-hire temporary, on-call, and contract workers - are much less likely than regular, direct-hire employees to be covered by laws mandating or regulating workplace benefits. Workers in such arrangements, in turn, are much less likely to receive pension, health insurance, and other benefits on the job. This paper documents these differences in coverage by benefits regulations and differences in benefits receipt. The paper also reviews evidence on the incentives employers have to use workers in these various flexible staffing arrangements. Although reducing benefits costs is not the only reason employers use …

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Black-White Segregation, Discrimination, And Home Ownership, Kelly Derango Aug 2001

Black-White Segregation, Discrimination, And Home Ownership, Kelly Derango

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The effect of discrimination on black-white racial segregation is studied using a confidential supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). Audit studies reveal that the rate of discrimination in rental housing is substantially higher than in owner-occupied housing. Thus, a variable indicating home ownership is used to proxy for the discrimination rate faced by blacks. The fixed-effects estimates of segregation imply that home ownership is associated with a decline in black-white segregation. This effect decreases slightly at higher income levels but increases substantially with the education of the head of household. Evidence is presented that the effect of …

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Assessment Of Kalamazoo County's Education For Employment (Efe) Programs Using 2001 Survey Data, Kevin Hollenbeck, Noyna Debburman Aug 2001

Assessment Of Kalamazoo County's Education For Employment (Efe) Programs Using 2001 Survey Data, Kevin Hollenbeck, Noyna Debburman

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Fighting Poverty With Labor Demand Policies, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2001

Fighting Poverty With Labor Demand Policies, Timothy J. Bartik

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Unemployment Compensation And Older Workers, Christopher J. O'Leary, Stephen A. Wandner Jun 2001

Unemployment Compensation And Older Workers, Christopher J. O'Leary, Stephen A. Wandner

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

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The Incidence And Cost Of Wrongfully Denied Unemployment Benefits, Stephen A. Woodbury, Wayne Vroman Jun 2001

The Incidence And Cost Of Wrongfully Denied Unemployment Benefits, Stephen A. Woodbury, Wayne Vroman

Reports

Since 1987, the U.S. Department of Labor has performed random audits of Unemployment Insurance (UI) payments in order to estimate the extent of benefit payment errors—particularly overpayments. However, the accuracy of the process that determines benefit eligibility is not currently assessed. In particular, the extent to which eligible claimants for UI are wrongfully denied benefits is not known. This paper reports the results of the Denied Claims Accuracy (DCA) Pilot Project, a five-state pilot conducted by the Department of Labor during 1997–98, in which random samples of monetary, separation, and nonseparation denials were subjected to intensive field investigation in order …

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"Smart" Economic Development, George A. Erickcek Apr 2001

"Smart" Economic Development, George A. Erickcek

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Child Care Costs On The Labor Force Participation And Welfare Recipiency Of Single Mothers: Implications For Welfare Reform, Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel Mar 2001

The Effect Of Child Care Costs On The Labor Force Participation And Welfare Recipiency Of Single Mothers: Implications For Welfare Reform, Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper considers the effect of child care costs on two labor market outcomes for single mothers - whether to participate in the labor market and whether to receive welfare. Hourly child care expenditures are estimated for all women in the sample (using data drawn from the 1992 and 1993 panels of the SIPP), whether or not they are currently using nonmaternal child care. These expenditures are then included as an independent variable predicting the probability of welfare recipiency and the probability of labor force participation. Results show a substantial positive effect of child care costs on welfare recipiency, with …

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Economic Impact Of Pharmacia On Kalamazoo County In 1999, George A. Erickcek Jan 2001

Economic Impact Of Pharmacia On Kalamazoo County In 1999, George A. Erickcek

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Working Time In Comparative Perspective: Volume I - Patterns, Trends, And The Policy Implications For Earnings Inequality And Unemployment, Ging Wong Editor, W. G. Picot Editor Jan 2001

Working Time In Comparative Perspective: Volume I - Patterns, Trends, And The Policy Implications For Earnings Inequality And Unemployment, Ging Wong Editor, W. G. Picot Editor

Upjohn Press

The chapters in this volume focus on weekly hours worked by individuals, including the recent changes in the distribution of weekly working time in Canada and the United States, the implications of the changing distribution of hours worked for earnings inequality, and efforts to reduce unemployment through mandated hours reductions.

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