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Articles 61 - 90 of 451
Full-Text Articles in Economics
How Deep Is Your Love? Loss Aversion In Dating Markets, Genevieve B. Gregorich
How Deep Is Your Love? Loss Aversion In Dating Markets, Genevieve B. Gregorich
Undergraduate Economic Review
This study uses experimental evidence to examine the existence of loss aversion in the dating market. Applying a valuation gap experiment, this study finds that people are loss averse when it comes to dating opportunities, meaning people weigh the loss of a dating opportunity more heavily than an equivalent gain. The results also support the hypothesis that people experience more loss aversion when they have fewer dating opportunities available. This finding provides preliminary evidence that the existence and growing prevalence of online dating, which dramatically increases peoples’ access to dating opportunities, reduces loss aversion, therefore increasing turnover in the market.
The Economics Of Weight Loss, Shivani Pandey
The Economics Of Weight Loss, Shivani Pandey
Undergraduate Economic Review
Obesity is now being considered one of the biggest health concerns globally. Ironically, while India records the largest no. of underweight population in the world along with China, it has also been placed in the top five countries in terms of obesity as per a new study by the Lancet Journal. Obesity entails various direct and indirect costs in terms of lower productivity and higher medical expenditure and has the potential to lower economic growth. This paper analyses the need for strengthening government regulations in the weight loss industry. After analyzing the causes of obesity and its negative effects on …
Impacts Of Contraception On Women’S Decision-Making Agency In Indonesia, Michaela J. Fogarty
Impacts Of Contraception On Women’S Decision-Making Agency In Indonesia, Michaela J. Fogarty
Undergraduate Economic Review
Increasing access to contraception has the potential to empower women and improve the economic standing of families across the globe. Many researchers have explored the impacts of contraception on families and the determinants of women’s level of empowerment, but little scholarship exists on their direct relationship. This paper explores the impacts of contraceptive use on women’s empowerment, measured by a sum of women’s household decision-making agency. Panel data from three rounds of the Indonesian Family Life Survey is used to run multiple regressions with household fixed effects. Results suggest that women who use contraception have input on two additional types …
The Impact Of 2018 Tariffs On U.S. Trade Values Across Relevant Categories, Lydia Murray
The Impact Of 2018 Tariffs On U.S. Trade Values Across Relevant Categories, Lydia Murray
Undergraduate Economic Review
The Office of the United States Trade Representative, under the direction of President Donald Trump, has implemented protectionist tariffs to an extent not seen in the past several decades. This paper explores data from the U.S. Census Bureau to analyze how the values of U.S. imports and exports have differed from what would have been expected for 2018 in the absence of tariffs. This is done by using past years’ data to create a predictive curve for 2018 trade values across several different product categories, which have been subject to tariffs. The general finding of this paper is that the …
International Migration And Fdi: Can Migrant Networks Foster Investments Toward Origin Countries?, Trang Heidi Luu
International Migration And Fdi: Can Migrant Networks Foster Investments Toward Origin Countries?, Trang Heidi Luu
Honors Projects
With the growing trends of international migration, the literature looking at the economic impact of migrants has also expanded, focusing on both the perspectives of the host and the origin countries in regard to various aspects such as labor force growth, GDP growth, and poverty rates. In the specific literature investigating the impact of migrants on origin countries, FDI is a key factor that cannot be overlooked, as it can play an essential role in the economic development of origin countries. Studies in this area have hypothesized that migrants’ impact on FDI is positive, since the information about the origin …
A Cge-Model Analysis Of U.S. Imposed Automotive Tariffs, Angela Li
A Cge-Model Analysis Of U.S. Imposed Automotive Tariffs, Angela Li
Undergraduate Economic Review
Using a computable generable equilibrium (CGE) model, this research paper evaluates the effects of a U.S. imposed 25% automotive import tariff on NAFTA countries and the European Union, the greatest U.S. automotive trade partners. Three simulations were conducted: the implementation of tariffs with no retaliation, equivalent retaliation on the same products, and retaliation on the top exports of politically significant states, with sensitivity analysis applied in the final scenario. The results demonstrate that the EU is marginally affected while the NAFTA countries experience the greatest increases in prices and reduction in total wages.
Belgium’S 2008 Recentralization Of Wage-Setting Mechanisms And The Decentralization-Unit Labor Costs-Net Exports Link: Chronicle Of A Death Foretold?, Ines Pedro Fernandes
Belgium’S 2008 Recentralization Of Wage-Setting Mechanisms And The Decentralization-Unit Labor Costs-Net Exports Link: Chronicle Of A Death Foretold?, Ines Pedro Fernandes
Undergraduate Economic Review
Anchored on scholarly literature on international competitiveness and the classical definition of competitiveness as net exports, policy making institutions support decentralized wage-setting mechanisms. The rationale is that decentralized wage-setting systems lower wages and unit labor costs (ULC) and, therefore, increase net exports. This paper contains a literature review on the wage-setting–ULC–net exports link and challenges conventional rationales by examining the co-evolution of Belgium’s real wages and net exports across wage percentiles and sectors. Belgium is a case in point, since the country experienced both increasing real wages and increasing net exports after recentralizing wage-setting mechanisms in 2008.
Hedge Funds In The Periphery: An Analysis Of Structures Influencing Fund Behavior In The Icelandic And Cypriot Financial Crises, Jameson K. Mah
Hedge Funds In The Periphery: An Analysis Of Structures Influencing Fund Behavior In The Icelandic And Cypriot Financial Crises, Jameson K. Mah
Undergraduate Economic Review
Hedge funds are often viewed from a positive or negative lens in the public and academic forum. However, both of these perspectives neglect structuralist factors. This paper analyzes the effect of these antecedent economic, political, and legal structures. I argue that these structures are at the root of hedge fund behavior, particularly during financial crises. The financial crises of two peripheral countries, Iceland and Cyprus, are used as case studies to illustrate how hedge fund involvement diverges as a result of structural factors.
Sleep, Salary, And Successful Occupational Negotiation: Evidence From A Labor Market Survey, Jerrick Tram, Philip Wesley Routon
Sleep, Salary, And Successful Occupational Negotiation: Evidence From A Labor Market Survey, Jerrick Tram, Philip Wesley Routon
Undergraduate Economic Review
We examine the relationship between sleep and wages and then ask a follow-up question: might occupational negotiation be one intermediate factor? That is, are workers of a certain sleep pattern more likely to successfully (re)negotiate the terms of their employment? Popular press, non-economic research articles, self-help guides, and websites often purport relationships between sleep patterns and one's ability to successfully negotiate. Results point to sleeping hours having a statistically significant, positive, and strong relationship with both salary and successful negotiation, though the latter relationship is only apparent for workers in about their 4th or 5th year on the job.
Mike Seeborg, And The Illinois Minimum Wage Increase, February 18, 2019, Mary Cullen
Mike Seeborg, And The Illinois Minimum Wage Increase, February 18, 2019, Mary Cullen
Interviews for WGLT
Illinois is expected to be the fifth state with a minimum wage increase to $15. Professor of Economincs Mike Seeborg dicusses the potential impact of these changes with Mary Cullen from WGLT.
Second-Generation Mexican Immigrants: How Do They Fare In The U.S. Labor Market?Second-Generation Mexican Immigrants: How Do They Fare In The U.S. Labor Market?, William Gustafson
Second-Generation Mexican Immigrants: How Do They Fare In The U.S. Labor Market?Second-Generation Mexican Immigrants: How Do They Fare In The U.S. Labor Market?, William Gustafson
Mark A. Israel '91 Endowed Summer Research Fund in Economics
In 1977, Chiswick came to the general conclusion that second-generation immigrants in the United States have experienced upward income mobility, earning higher wages than their parents. This paper will attempt to explain why this is and how the specific parental combinations making up each second-generation immigrant affects their labor market potential. While there is plenty of research on the first generation of Mexican immigrants, there is not as much research on the assimilation of the second generation. We cannot know the full effect of immigrants on the economy without knowing how their children, who would not be here if not …
Female Labour Force Participation And The Prices Of Household Durable Goods: A Philippine Study, Kyle N. Mitschiener, Vanessa T. Siy Van
Female Labour Force Participation And The Prices Of Household Durable Goods: A Philippine Study, Kyle N. Mitschiener, Vanessa T. Siy Van
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper investigated whether a decrease in the prices of household durable goods increases the Female Labour Force Participation (FLFP) in the Philippines. The paper used the theoretical model of Pirani, Leon, and Lugauers (2010), who theorized that a decrease in the prices of household appliances would increase FLFP due to their time being freed up for non-household tasks. To study this, the regression model of Cavalcanti and Tavares (2008) was used to test the hypothesis. The results of this paper were consistent with the theoretical and empirical results from the two models.
An Examination Of The Stock Market’S Effect On Economic Inequality, Nicholas J. Golina
An Examination Of The Stock Market’S Effect On Economic Inequality, Nicholas J. Golina
Undergraduate Economic Review
The literature on economic inequality has shown that stock markets can negatively impact aggregate demand because it indicates a higher concentration of wealth in the hands of the top 10% as opposed to the middle class. The stock market could be one of the factors leading to increased inequality. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing stock markets in OECD countries. Building on Tsountas et al (2015), the results showed that stock markets can have a positive impact on inequality, but with weak economic significance. It is recommended that policymakers should focus on factors that more greatly impact inequality.
Impact Of Airplane Crashes On Firm's Credit Risk Under The Creditgrades Model, Alexandros Bougias
Impact Of Airplane Crashes On Firm's Credit Risk Under The Creditgrades Model, Alexandros Bougias
Undergraduate Economic Review
The paper examines the impact of airplane accidents with 40 or more fatalities, on airline's firm credit risk. The sample contains 20 airplane crashes for the period 2000-2017. The analysis proposes the CreditGrades model introduced by Finger et al. (2002) , which is an extension of the first passage time model of Black and Cox (1976). The study concludes that airplane accidents lead to a statistically significant increase in airline's Probability of Default. The results are both significant and robust under the t-Test and the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed-rank test.
Foreign Capital Inflows And Economic Well-Being: A Statistical Analysis Of 46 Sub-Saharan African Countries From 1995-2015, Alexander M. Csanadi
Foreign Capital Inflows And Economic Well-Being: A Statistical Analysis Of 46 Sub-Saharan African Countries From 1995-2015, Alexander M. Csanadi
Undergraduate Economic Review
Variation in the economic well-being among sub-Saharan African countries is among the highest of any region in the world. This paper attempts to address this disparity by exploring the role of foreign capital inflows. This project extends the concept of well-being beyond GDP growth, to include measures of poverty and inequality. A multivariate regression analysis finds that the observed capital inflows have significant effects on all three measurements of well-being. Findings suggest that the level of affluence of the domestic population has significant effects on the ability of those populations to translate diaspora remittances into improvements in well-being.
The Effects Of Student-Teacher Ratio On Test Scores: Applying Ceteris Paribus To California And Massachusetts Schools, Laira Aggarwal
The Effects Of Student-Teacher Ratio On Test Scores: Applying Ceteris Paribus To California And Massachusetts Schools, Laira Aggarwal
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper seeks to analyze the impact of student-teacher ratio on test scores in California and Massachusetts. Since student-teacher ratio is just one of the variables affecting students’ learning outcomes, other attributes were taken into account for a comprehensive analysis. These attributes included percent of English learners, average district income, percent of students on free or reduced lunch, and expenditures per student. The data sets for both states were assessed both inherently and with ceteris paribus approach. The results indicated that while student-teacher ratio does affect test scores, other classroom variables have a significantly greater influence on students’ learning outcomes.
Evaluating Ethiopia’S Development Progress, Sambath Jayapregasham, Matthäus Schuster, Ruben Tjon-A-Meeuw
Evaluating Ethiopia’S Development Progress, Sambath Jayapregasham, Matthäus Schuster, Ruben Tjon-A-Meeuw
Undergraduate Economic Review
Ethiopia, Africa’s second most-populated nation is well on its way to becoming one of its wealthiest nations as it charges forward on its path to development. The big question is whether this growth is sustainable. To tackle this question, we will discuss its development strategy using a popular comparison to that of China. We will then offer an appraisal of the current state of the country. Finally, we will evaluate the future of Ethiopia, as it continues its current path – evaluating the potential upsides and risks it faces moving forward.
Accounting For Leverage In Intangible And Tangible Investments Across The Business Cycle, Neil Mauskar
Accounting For Leverage In Intangible And Tangible Investments Across The Business Cycle, Neil Mauskar
Undergraduate Economic Review
In this paper, I study the role of the leverage ratio and its impact on investing in tangible and intangible goods. The results confirm the hypotheses outlined in the introduction. Specifically, the results show that when accounting for differences in the leverage ratio between firms, investment is cyclical. However, when looking only at firms with low leverages, intangible investing becomes countercyclical. Moreover, during recessions, firms with lower leverages tend to invest more than firms with higher leverages. Finally, the results argue for the existence of financial frictions between investing in tangibles and intangibles.
The Economic Impacts Of A U.S. Withdrawal From Nafta: A Cge Analysis, Jonathan Liu
The Economic Impacts Of A U.S. Withdrawal From Nafta: A Cge Analysis, Jonathan Liu
Undergraduate Economic Review
The aim of this study is to examine the economic impacts of a U.S. withdrawal from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Canada, Mexico and the United States. The shocks simulate scenarios in which the U.S instates penalizing tariff rates on NAFTA countries, a trade war between NAFTA members and a tariff reset to the WTO MFN rates. The effects of these tariff structures are analyzed under the framework of a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model with a focus on macroeconomic variables and welfare. The findings show that, in all iterations, Mexico’s economy takes a substantial hit, America’s …
Swimming For More Than Gold: How Swimming Participation And Success In Elite International Swimming Events Can Decrease Drowning Rates Across The World, Joshua R. Cottle
Swimming For More Than Gold: How Swimming Participation And Success In Elite International Swimming Events Can Decrease Drowning Rates Across The World, Joshua R. Cottle
Undergraduate Economic Review
International swimming provides an opportunity for thousands of swimmers to compete at the highest level of the sport. In this paper, I argue that participation and success in these events can influence drowning rates across the world. My analysis suggests that one of the most notable negative influences on drowning rates is swimming participation in countries that have the smallest roster sizes and the lowest average income levels. My analysis shows that swimming success in the Olympics has a significant positive effect on drowning rates in countries in the middle-income brackets.
Examining The Impact Of Education On Diabetes Rates, Mackenzie Bogiages
Examining The Impact Of Education On Diabetes Rates, Mackenzie Bogiages
Undergraduate Economic Review
Diabetes rates are a problem of growing concern in the U.S. Over 30 million people in the U.S. have been diagnosed with diabetes, and over 90 percent of that group has the largely preventable type 2 diabetes. In order to thwart the disease that costs the U.S. $245 billion a year, the populations most susceptible to diabetes need to be identified and educated. Using data from MEPS, education and several other factors have been identified and their relationships with diabetes have been analyzed to target at risk populations and outline tactics to educate those in dire need of preventative care.
Making The Grade: The Contribution Of Education Expenditure To Economic Growth, Neil Frank
Making The Grade: The Contribution Of Education Expenditure To Economic Growth, Neil Frank
Undergraduate Economic Review
Does education expenditure promote long-run economic growth? Empirical evidence is inconclusive. This paper addresses the question of how education expenditure influences economic growth using a long run growth accounting model analyzing 179 countries from 1970 to 2014. Overall, the results indicate that education expenditure does positively affect growth. However, when the sample is split into different criteria based on economic prosperity of the countries in question, the results change. In non-oil countries education expenditure increases economic growth, in developing countries education expenditure has a negative impact and in OECD countries the impact is non-significant.
Mutual Economic Incentives For Urban Tree Canopy Restoration, Paul E. Thompson Jr.
Mutual Economic Incentives For Urban Tree Canopy Restoration, Paul E. Thompson Jr.
Undergraduate Economic Review
Potential alignment of economic incentives for tree canopy restoration are modeled using data from a 2015 Louisville Metro Government (KY) Urban Tree Canopy Assessment. The study revealed marked declines in urban canopy coverage from 2004-2012; accelerating losses are forecast through 2050. Tree coverage conveys substantial financial benefit to private property owners, primarily through increased property valuations. Benefits to local government may be derived from the corresponding increase in property tax assessments. A comprehensive cost-benefit analysis demonstrates the economic efficiency of tree purchase vouchers (issued by government to private property owners) as a potential contributing solution to urban canopy loss.
Are Volatility Expectations In Different Countries Interdependent? A Data-Driven Solution To Structural Var Identification For Implied Equity Volatility Indices, Timothy De Silva
Are Volatility Expectations In Different Countries Interdependent? A Data-Driven Solution To Structural Var Identification For Implied Equity Volatility Indices, Timothy De Silva
Undergraduate Economic Review
Over the past couple of decades, the number of volatility indices has increased rapidly. Although the dynamics of realized volatility spillover have been studied extensively, very few studies exist that examine the spillover between these implied volatility indices. By using DAG-based structural vector autoregression, this paper provides evidence that implied volatility spillover differs from realized volatility spillover. Through solving the well-known VAR identification problem for these indices, this paper finds that Asia, more specifically Hong Kong, plays a central role in implied volatility spillover during and after the 2008 financial crisis.
Time Allocation, Sleep, And Academic Achievement In The Student Population, Patrick F. Ryan
Time Allocation, Sleep, And Academic Achievement In The Student Population, Patrick F. Ryan
Undergraduate Economic Review
I analyze survey data from the American Time Use Survey and expand the field of research on sleep behaviors and time use in the student population. In my sample, I include respondents with ages ranging from 15-25 years to capture the high school and college populations. Sleep loss, increased stress, and greater extracurricular participation in student populations warrants further research into quantity and perceived quality of sleep in these groups. My analysis utilizes regression models to determine what activities take away the most time from human capital accumulation.
Measuring Health Outcomes Of Uncovered Employment: A Study Of Income, Social Mobility, Equality, And Health Indicators In An Under-Looked Segment Of The Labor Force, Zakariya Kmir
Undergraduate Economic Review
Economists have strongly supported the idea that unemployment causes many undesirable health outcomes. However, how does belonging to a different sector of employment tied closely to changes in minimum wage and inflation relate to overall health? To properly understand the numerical significance of health disparities in the uncovered sector of employment, this research is targeted at quantifying the relationship between the insured and non-insured within the uncovered sector. By substantiating the existence of severe health disparities as a function of the labor force dynamic, this research subsequently estimates the amount of inefficiency and negative health outcomes in the US economy …
Is There Really A Foreign Language Premium In Canada?: Evaluating The Foreign Language Effect On Canadian Wages, Peter C. Ki
Is There Really A Foreign Language Premium In Canada?: Evaluating The Foreign Language Effect On Canadian Wages, Peter C. Ki
Undergraduate Economic Review
Given the debates on whether knowing a foreign language has a positive or negative effect on wages, there is little or no research conducted on how it fares in Canada, despite extensive studies on French and English. Using the Public Use Microdata Files of the 2011 National Household Survey by Statistics Canada, I find a 2.84% wage penalty for Canadians who know a foreign language and an even greater penalty for Canadians who use these languages at work. I proceed to decompose the results by language and occupation to find varying results. I also attempt to use a religion proxy …
Implications Of Regional Banking Industry On Regional Business Dynamics, Rowland Filbert
Implications Of Regional Banking Industry On Regional Business Dynamics, Rowland Filbert
Mark A. Israel '91 Endowed Summer Research Fund in Economics
Entrepreneurship and its job creation capacity play an important social function and this study analyzes how the health of a regional banking industry affects these regional business dynamics. Using a panel dataset covering all 50 states and Washington, DC for the period 1977-2014, several key outcome variables were estimated using a fixed effects and instrumental variable regressions. These included net business formation, net job creation, net job creation among continuers, the job creation rate, and employment growth. These were explained by banking variables like return-on-assets and capital-to-assets as well as regional macroeconomic variables like real personal income and housing price …
The Value Of Green Certification On Single-Family Houses In The Chicagoland Area, Raymond Bolton
The Value Of Green Certification On Single-Family Houses In The Chicagoland Area, Raymond Bolton
Honors Projects
In the United States, residential buildings alone account for 33% of energy consumption. Rising concerns about environmental impacts due to human consumption, as well as health concerns related to pollution have caused a higher demand for environmentally conscious houses. Homebuilders have responded by providing green certifications for houses, attesting to a building’s efficiency in various aspects, such as site design and energy and water consumption. Using Multiple Listing Services real estate data on zero- to five-year-old houses sold between 2010 and 2017 in the Chicagoland area, this study examines whether there is a price premium associated with qualifying for green …
The Perceived Return On College Investment In Relation To Economic Expectations Of Students At The University Of Maryland, Joshua S. Roston
The Perceived Return On College Investment In Relation To Economic Expectations Of Students At The University Of Maryland, Joshua S. Roston
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper presents the results of a survey conducted in the spring semester of 2017 of University of Maryland students. The results illustrate how University of Maryland students weigh the decision to attend college in terms of their perceived current economic situation and future expectations as well as predicted return on investment. A body of economic literature on the perception of return on investment from attending college exists already and this study hopes to add to the discussion as its results are unexpected. The results imply that the current generation of college students feels uncertain over the worthwhileness of higher …