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Articles 331 - 360 of 1240

Full-Text Articles in Economics

Non-Oil Revenue Buoyancy And Elasticity: Implications For Revenue Generation In Nigeria, B. Gaiya, A. A. Ikenna-Ononugbo, K. Ajala Mar 2016

Non-Oil Revenue Buoyancy And Elasticity: Implications For Revenue Generation In Nigeria, B. Gaiya, A. A. Ikenna-Ononugbo, K. Ajala

Economic and Financial Review

The paper employs annual time series data on real government tax revenue components from 1981-2014 to endogenously determine the level of non-oil revenue buoyancy and elasticity and its implication for revenue generation in Nigeria. A partitioning approach to determining tax buoyancy and elasticity is employed to address these objectives. The study found that with the exception of the Company Income Tax, an inelastic tax structure exists in Nigeria for the period under review. The proxy bases had similar results in terms of their responsiveness to the tax system. There were also evidences that the discretionary measures taken during the study …


Empirical Estimation Of Optimal International Reserves For Nigeria: The Sudden Stop Model, G.K. Sanni, T.S. Olusegun, Z. Sani Mar 2016

Empirical Estimation Of Optimal International Reserves For Nigeria: The Sudden Stop Model, G.K. Sanni, T.S. Olusegun, Z. Sani

Economic and Financial Review

The study examined the issue of optimum external reserves for Nigeria during 2010 - 2014, using Jeanne and Ranciere (2006) and Goncalves (2007) sudden stop model approach. The study showed that resident foreign currency deposit accounted for over 90 per cent of the total foreign currency deposit, while non-resident foreign currency deposit accounted for the remaining. The result of the model suggested that external reserves were adequate in 2010 but beyond that period, it was far below optimal level. On average, the optimum external reserves were around 15.7 per cent of GDP in the past four years, translating to US$54.52 …


Economic Growth, Poverty And Income Inequality Matrix In Nigeria: A Further Investigation, H.O. Okafor Mar 2016

Economic Growth, Poverty And Income Inequality Matrix In Nigeria: A Further Investigation, H.O. Okafor

Economic and Financial Review

This paper examined the existing relationship among economic growth, poverty and income inequality in Nigeria. Using the Vector Auto-regressive (VAR) model and the Engle-Granger technique to test for the causality existing among the variables, the results revealed that economic growth had no impact on poverty reduction and income distribution in Nigeria due its non-inclusive nature. There was, however, evidence of a unidirectional causality, running from income inequality to increased poverty. This implied that inequality would lead to increase in poverty in Nigeria. Therefore, the paper recommended that govemment should develop stronger economic institutions that ore capable of reorganising the productive …


The Impact Of Lending Rate On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, D.B. Akpan, D.J. Yilkudi, D. C. Opiah Mar 2016

The Impact Of Lending Rate On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, D.B. Akpan, D.J. Yilkudi, D. C. Opiah

Economic and Financial Review

The study investigates the impact of lending rate on output of the manufacturing subsector using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and annual data from 1981- 2014. The empirical results indicated that high lending rate had negative impact on manufacturing output in the long-run. This suggests that increase in lending rate undermines manufacturing output, thus retarding growth in the real sector. Specifically, the estimates revealed that a 1.0 per cent increase in lending rate reduces manufacturing output by 0.03 per cent. The study, therefore, recommends the implementation of investment friendly policies that narrows the lending rate by the deposit money …


Empirical Estimation Of Optimal International Reserves For Nigeria: The Sudden Stop Model, G. K. Sanni, T. S. Olusegun, Z. Sani Mar 2016

Empirical Estimation Of Optimal International Reserves For Nigeria: The Sudden Stop Model, G. K. Sanni, T. S. Olusegun, Z. Sani

Economic and Financial Review

The study examined the issue of optimum external reserves for Nigeria during 2010 – 2014, using Jeanne and Ranciere (2006) and Goncalves (2007) sudden stop model approach. The study showed that resident foreign currency deposit accounted for over 90 per cent of the total foreign currency deposit, while non-resident foreign currency deposit accounted for the remaining. The result of the model suggested that external reserves were adequate in 2010 but beyond that period, it was far below optimal level. On average, the optimum external reserves were around 15.7 per cent of GDP in the past four years, translating to US$54.52 …


The Impact Of Lending Rate On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, D. B. Akpan, D. J. Yilkudi, D. C. Opiah Mar 2016

The Impact Of Lending Rate On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, D. B. Akpan, D. J. Yilkudi, D. C. Opiah

Economic and Financial Review

The study investigates the impact of lending rate on output of the manufacturing subsector using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and annual data from 1981- 2014. The empirical results indicated that high lending rate had negative impact on manufacturing output in the long-run. This suggests that increase in lending rate undermines manufacturing output, thus retarding growth in the real sector. Specifically, the estimates revealed that a 1.0 per cent increase in lending rate reduces manufacturing output by 0.03 per cent. The study, therefore, recommends the implementation of investment friendly policies that narrows the lending rate by the deposit money …


Financial Soundness Indicators: The Case Of Nigeria, Baba N. Yaaba, Idris Adamu Dec 2015

Financial Soundness Indicators: The Case Of Nigeria, Baba N. Yaaba, Idris Adamu

Bullion

This paper adopted the concept as designed by the Fund to examine the soundness of the Nigeria Banking Sector from 3007Q1 to 20014Q4. From the result of the financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs) complied for Nigeria, it is obvious that the indicators can serve as reliable and consistent tools, capable of detecting vulnerabilities in the system. The study, therefore, recommends that adequate attention be paid to the indicators by the Central Bank. The Bank is urged to strive to gain full understanding of the concept as well as design additional framework for using the indicators so as to enable her take …


Mortgage Refinancing In Nigeria: Prospects And Challenges, Kama Ukpai, Phebian N. Bewaji, Adigun Mustapha, Olufemi Adetunji Edun, Olubukola Adegbe, Josiah Dassah Dec 2015

Mortgage Refinancing In Nigeria: Prospects And Challenges, Kama Ukpai, Phebian N. Bewaji, Adigun Mustapha, Olufemi Adetunji Edun, Olubukola Adegbe, Josiah Dassah

Bullion

The paper examines the mortgage (re)finance market in Nigeria with a view to identifying its prospects and challenges. The method adopted included a review of jurisdictional experiences on mortgage refinance and thereafter draw on some lessons of experience as the Nigeria case is considered as a country in transition. Further discussions centered on the challenges of financialization of mortgages, mortgage affordability, low awareness of mortgage refinancing, macroprudential risks and moral hazard that confronts mortgage refinance in the country. The paper, further, provides considerations with regard to value-reorientation, institutional, regulatory and legal infrastructures as prerequisites for successful mortgage refinance system.


Inclusive Growth And Poverty Reduction In Nigeria, Uche M. Ozughalu, Fidelis O. Ogwumike Dec 2015

Inclusive Growth And Poverty Reduction In Nigeria, Uche M. Ozughalu, Fidelis O. Ogwumike

Bullion

This study shows that Nigeria has not experienced inclusive growth over the years, using relevant national and global data. The country has experienced pervasive poverty, high rate of unemployment and high level of income/wealth inequality despite impressive economic growth rates over the years. The study also highlights the major factors that could be responsible for the non-inclusive growth in Nigeria; these factors include poor performance of the manufacturing sector, weak knowledge base, poor human capacity development and low level of global competitiveness. The study uses tabular presentations and verbal constructs in its analysis. The government and policy makers in Nigeria …


Nigeria's Monetary Survey: 2001-2014, Phebian N. Bewaji, Chioma P. Nwosu Dec 2015

Nigeria's Monetary Survey: 2001-2014, Phebian N. Bewaji, Chioma P. Nwosu

Bullion

The paper showed that Nigeria's monetary survey is a useful tool in the analysis of monetary development and its linkages with key sectors of the economy. It conveys a useful insight on the evolution of the payment system and money holding behavior. Findings indicated that Nigeria's broad money aggregate was largely determined by external factor, pre-2007 global financial crisis, while domestic factors had significant implications for monetary management post-2007.


Shadow Banking Services And Its Implications For The Nigerian Economy, Jibrin Yakubu, Joseph Achua Dec 2015

Shadow Banking Services And Its Implications For The Nigerian Economy, Jibrin Yakubu, Joseph Achua

Bullion

This paper reviews some conceptual and theoretical issues as well as considers the implications of shadow banking services in the Nigerian economy. lt defines shadow 3banking services as 'a system of credit intermediation that involves entities and activities outside Central Bank of Nigeria's regulatory capture'. The paper noted that Nigeria is yet to make significant policy impact on shadow banking in spite of its inherent systemic risk and regulatory arbitrage concerns on the economy. ln addition, there is neither data collection nor information management frameworks to measure its size, performance and impact on the economy. The paper therefore, recommends the …


Keynote Address On Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Central Bank Of Nigeria Executive Seminar, G.I. Emefiele Dec 2015

Keynote Address On Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Central Bank Of Nigeria Executive Seminar, G.I. Emefiele

Economic and Financial Review

This is a keynote address delivered by the Governor of Central Bank of Nigeria at the 2016 executive seminar with the theme "financing government programmes in economic downturn - the role of central bank of Nigeria


Special Remarks: Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Annual Executive Seminar, S.O. Alade Dec 2015

Special Remarks: Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Annual Executive Seminar, S.O. Alade

Economic and Financial Review

This is the special remarks delivered by the Deputy Governor (Economic Policy) during the 2016 executive seminar, "financing government programmes in economic downturn- the role of central bank of Nigeria.


Non-Oil Exports, Economic Growth And Macroeconomic Stability, T.A. Oyejide Dec 2015

Non-Oil Exports, Economic Growth And Macroeconomic Stability, T.A. Oyejide

Economic and Financial Review

The author discussed the role of non-oil exports in the structural transformation and sectoral diversification processes which are inherently associated with sustainable growth and development outcomes as well as the focus of the analysis shifts to an examination of the role of non-oil exports in promoting economic growth and development.


Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Policy Options, F.U. Jacobs Dec 2015

Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Policy Options, F.U. Jacobs

Economic and Financial Review

This author examines the various policy options for the manufacturing sector of the economy in an economic downturn.


Financng Government Programmes During Economic Downturn: Policy Options, E.M. Abolo Dec 2015

Financng Government Programmes During Economic Downturn: Policy Options, E.M. Abolo

Economic and Financial Review

The author discussed various policy options that can be adopted to finance government programmes during economic downturn. He explained in details the concept as it affects the economic growth and development.


Governments' Options For Financing The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) In A Period Of Economic Downturn, Robert C. Asogwa Dec 2015

Governments' Options For Financing The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) In A Period Of Economic Downturn, Robert C. Asogwa

Economic and Financial Review

The paper reviews the strategies for strengthening the existing sources of traditional finance in Nigeria and also, introduces new sources of innovative finance that will be suitable for funding government development programmes, as well as, the SDGs Agenda 2030. Furthermore, the possible role of the central bank vis a-vis the government fiscal authorities in the management of some sophisticated financial instruments which is increasingly gaining momentum as part of innovative development finance is discussed.


Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Theoretical Issues And Perspectives, A. H. Ekpo Dec 2015

Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Theoretical Issues And Perspectives, A. H. Ekpo

Economic and Financial Review

The purpose of this paper is to articulate the theoretical issues and perspectives which underscore the need for caution in financing government programmes whether in the recurrent outlay or capital programmes as individual financing modes have built in costs and risks that could inhibit the realisation of government objectives.


Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: A Comparative Analysis, T. Oshikoya Dec 2015

Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: A Comparative Analysis, T. Oshikoya

Economic and Financial Review

This paper examines the experience of Nigeria and other oil exporting countries in adjusting to lower oil prices and financing government programmes during economic downturn.


Financing Government Deficit During Economic Downturn: Options For Consideration, O. Ajakaiye Dec 2015

Financing Government Deficit During Economic Downturn: Options For Consideration, O. Ajakaiye

Economic and Financial Review

The author examines the efficacy of the conventional approach to financing budget deficit during economic downturn in Nigeria. He also considers other (unconventional) options for financing budget deficits during economic downturn in Nigeria.


The Role Of Central Banks During Economic Downturn: Lessons And Options For Financing Government Programmes In Nigeria, C.N.O. Mordi Dec 2015

The Role Of Central Banks During Economic Downturn: Lessons And Options For Financing Government Programmes In Nigeria, C.N.O. Mordi

Economic and Financial Review

The author examine both the traditional and developmental roles central banks plays in financing government programmes/projects.


Implication Of Closure Of Rdas And Wdas Segment Of The Foreign Exchange Market In Nigeria, Akin Dawodu Sep 2015

Implication Of Closure Of Rdas And Wdas Segment Of The Foreign Exchange Market In Nigeria, Akin Dawodu

Bullion

The Nigeria foreign exchange market has transitioned a great deal since the country gain independence. Nigeria had a pegged exchange control until the introduction of the structural adjustment program (SAP) in 1986. which brought about dual exchange rate system, the first and second tier foreign exchange market that later metamorphosed into the Foreign Exchange Market (FEM). Hence there continue to be policy reversals as a result of the volatility in the exchange rate.


The Role Of The Media In Communicating Developments In Foreign Exchange Management In Nigeria, Stanley Egbochukwu Sep 2015

The Role Of The Media In Communicating Developments In Foreign Exchange Management In Nigeria, Stanley Egbochukwu

Bullion

The branch of journalism that tracks, record, analyses and interprets the economic changes that took place in a society is Financial Journalism. it is said to be a subject of unprecedented circumstance because financial and business stories nowadays move at a digital driven speed. the interpretation and presentation of the up to day activities in the financial world comes with high level of research and cooperate understanding. the Nigeria economy is heavily dependent on import and this records can be presented to the public through the media.


Crude Oil Price Volatility: Implications For External Reserves And Exchange Rate Management In Nigeria, Moses K. Tule Sep 2015

Crude Oil Price Volatility: Implications For External Reserves And Exchange Rate Management In Nigeria, Moses K. Tule

Bullion

Following recent development in the world oil market, emphasis will be placed on the falling crude oil price which has far reaching implications for economic management in Nigeria. Nigeria depends heavily on crude oil for its revenue and exchange earning, hence the degree of rise or fall in oil price over a period poses concern for the government of the country.


The Impact Of External Reserves' Position On Capital Flows: The Nigerian Experience, Lamido A. Yuguda Sep 2015

The Impact Of External Reserves' Position On Capital Flows: The Nigerian Experience, Lamido A. Yuguda

Bullion

A number of factors will determine whether capital will flow in and out of an Economy. The monetary Authority in every country have the sole right to maintain and manage the external reserves hereby maintaining confidence in the country monetary and exchange rate polices, provide confidence to international community on the country' ability to meet its external obligations and provide liquidity to government to meet its external obligations; and maintain foreign exchange liquidity. The main objectives of this paper is to access the impact of external reserves position in attracting capital flows.


Exchange Rate Management: Evolution Of The Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market, Bismark J. Rewane Sep 2015

Exchange Rate Management: Evolution Of The Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market, Bismark J. Rewane

Bullion

To grasp the challenges facing the naira, an understanding of the framework of the exchange rate system is imperative. This article highlights key developments and presents an analysis of the current issues facing the Nigerian currency.


Financial Inclusion And Growth Of The Banking System In Nigeria, Hogan E. Bassey, Fagge A. Inuwa, Ukeje H. Nkechinyere Sep 2015

Financial Inclusion And Growth Of The Banking System In Nigeria, Hogan E. Bassey, Fagge A. Inuwa, Ukeje H. Nkechinyere

Bullion

Financial inclusion suggests an innovative concept which helps to achieve sustainable development, by making available financial services to the unbanked and underbanked with the help of financial institutions. The concept of financial inclusion gained popularity from year 2000. Thus, it is a great weapon to overcomes financial backwardness. This paper attempts to assess the current status of financial inclusion by examining recent policies and developments toward achieving financial inclusion in Nigeria. Specifically, the framework aimed at enhancing financial inclusion in Nigeria while also supporting the growth and stability of the financial sector, including policies around microfinance, mobile payment, KYC, electronic …


Gdp Per Capita In Africa Before The Global Financial Crisis: Persistence, Mean Reversion And Long Memory Features, Luis A. Gil-Alana, Olaoluwa S. Yaya, Olanrewaju I. Shittu Jun 2015

Gdp Per Capita In Africa Before The Global Financial Crisis: Persistence, Mean Reversion And Long Memory Features, Luis A. Gil-Alana, Olaoluwa S. Yaya, Olanrewaju I. Shittu

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examined the long memory features of GDP per capita data before the global financial crisis, using a sample of 26 African countries. The study employed fractional integration and tested the stability of the differencing parameter across the sample period for each country. The results indicated that most of the countries’ GDP series were I(1) or higher. Evidence of mean reversion was observed in 10 countries where the disturbances were autocorrelated. There was strong evidence against mean reversion in the remaining 16 countries. The results also indicated that the fractional differencing parameter was stable in 17 countries, while the …


Effects Of Monetary Policy On The Banking System Stability In Nigeria, A. Bamidele, J. Musa, L. Bala-Keffi, O. Owolabi, S. Imam Jun 2015

Effects Of Monetary Policy On The Banking System Stability In Nigeria, A. Bamidele, J. Musa, L. Bala-Keffi, O. Owolabi, S. Imam

Economic and Financial Review

The paper examined the effect of monetary policy on banking system stability in Nigeria. The main objective was to evaluate how monetary policy affected the banking system stability during the global financial crisis in Nigeria. Static and dynamic error correction models were estimated using monthly data from January 2007 to June 2013 and the error correction model was found most efficient. The banking system stability index was computed using banking soundness index, banking vulnerability index and economic climate index. The results showed that increase in monetary policy rate, depreciation of nominal exchange rate and rising inflation rate negatively affected the …


An Empirical Analysis Of The Effect Of Monetary Policy On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, M. Ali, H. Aliero, M. Abubakar Jun 2015

An Empirical Analysis Of The Effect Of Monetary Policy On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, M. Ali, H. Aliero, M. Abubakar

Economic and Financial Review

This study examined the effect of monetary policy on the manufacturing sector in Nigeria from 1970 to 2012 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing approach. Exchange rate was found as the only channel of monetary policy transmission with significantly negative effect on the manufacturing sector. This implies that manufacturing firms largely rely on foreign inputs for production and do not depend on the banking system for funding. The study, therefore, recommends indigenous technology and financial system development to reduce dependence on imported inputs and facilitate access to more funds.