Counselor Education Commons^™

Complex Thought For Complex Work: Preparing Cognitively Complex Counselors For Work In Diverse Settings, Alexandra C. Gantt

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Counselor education researchers have explored the need for high levels of cognitive complexity (CC) in mental health counselors due to its relationship with high quality counseling skills and counselor ways of being (e.g., Castillo, 2018; McAuliffe & Lovell, 2006; Ridley et al., 2011; Welfare & Borders, 2010b). In these studies, researchers have called for continued study of means of enhancing CC in counselors in training (CITs) through andragogical efforts (e.g., Castillo, 2018; Duys & Hedstrom, 2000; Welfare & Borders, 2010a). However, we do not have an understanding of minimally acceptable CC for graduating CITs. In this study, I explored counselor …

Adverse And Positive Childhood Experiences Of Clinical Mental Health Counselors As Predictors Of Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, And Secondary Traumatic Stress, Eric M. Brown, Kristy L. Carlisle, Melanie Burgess, Jacob Clark, Ariel Hutcheon

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Despite an emphasis on self-care to avoid burnout and increase compassion satisfaction within the counseling profession, there is a dearth of research on the developmental experiences of counselors that may increase the likelihood of burnout. We examined the impact of mental health counselors’ (N = 140) experiences of adverse childhood experiences and positive childhood experiences on their present rates of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. We used a cross-sectional, non-experimental correlational design and reported descriptive statistics as well as results of multiple regression models. Results indicated significant relationships among counselors’ rates of adverse childhood experiences, positive childhood experiences, …

Antiracism Internship: Applying The Ecological Social Justice School Counseling Theory, Kaprea F. Johnson, Dana L. Brookover, Alexandra Gantt-Howrey, Krystal L. Clemons, Lauren B. Robins

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

This manuscript describes an empirically designed internship course that utilized the Ecological Social Justice School Counseling theory to teach internship students how to engage in antiracist practice to address social determinants of health in schools. The research reports on the eight school counseling internship students' experiences, through five themes and 12 subthemes, highlighting the ways they increased awareness of SDOH, antiracist practice, and related constructs at their schools and with students including their action toward addressing SDOH, advocacy, barriers, and growth. Implications for counselor educators and site supervisors conclude.

Editorial Introduction To The 41st Edition Of The Journal Of Human Services, Kristy Carlisle

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

The article presents the discussion on practitioners facing shape the evolution of human services education as a distinct field of professionals. Topics include pertinent issues in the human services field, innovative teaching methods, faculty development, and career paths of graduates; and challenges of remote internships from the perspectives of students, faculty, fieldwork coordinators, and practitioners.

The Impact Of A Crisis Intervention Team Program On Psychiatric Boarding, Kurtis Hooks

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Psychiatric boarding is the phenomenon of housing individuals in emergency departments while awaiting access to mental health services in the community. The expansion of psychiatric boarding is attributed to continued deinstitutionalization and under-resourcing of mental health services. Psychiatric boarding is also associated with deleterious outcomes for individuals in need of access to behavioral health services, facilities. There is limited research on programmatic efforts to reduce psychiatric boarding as it pertains to Crisis Intervention Team programs colocated in medical settings. Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs are community-based, multi-stakeholder partnerships that include dedicated assessment centers crisis response and referral. This study utilized …

Effectiveness Of College Counseling Interventions In International Student Adjustment To United States Higher Education Systems: A Meta-Analysis, Joshua Ebby Abraham

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

International students in U.S. higher education institutions face many emotional, social, and institutional challenges as they navigate their academic and acculturative journeys. College counseling centers serve as valuable support resources, but low utilization rates and high early termination rates among the international student population presents a major concern for the college counseling field. To begin the development of an empirically supported, responsive approach to structuring counseling work with international students, this study utilized a metaanalysis to review the literature on counseling intervention effectiveness. The following questions guided this research: What adjustment outcomes are produced by college counseling interventions across modes …

Incivility Of Coworker Behaviors And Minority Firefighters’ Belongingness In The Workplace, Alyssa Reiter

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Research with firefighters continues to indicate that this population is particularly vulnerable to development of mental health conditions as a result of their professional roles (International Association of Firefighters [IAFF], 2019; Stanley et al., 2017; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2018) and minority firefighters may be at heightened risk as a result of their experiences within the fire service. An answer to this concern may lie in the exploration of belonging and uncivil behaviors, as research has demonstrated that belonging in the workplace serves to reduce mental health symptoms and enhance an individual’s ability to cope with …

What Are We Missing?: A Comparison Of Experiences Of Race-Based Trauma By Black Americans And Black Jamaicans, Bianca R. Augustine

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Current literature explains that events resulting from instances of white supremacy and racism are traumatizing for Black individuals (Phillips, 2020). Prior literature illuminates the impact of racism and resulting race-based trauma on Black individuals but is lacking regarding the lived experiences of race-based trauma in Black individuals in the U.S. and Black individuals from Jamaica. The goal of this study was to fill a gap in current literature by providing counselors and counselor educators with information regarding the experiences of Black clients to better inform multicultural, trauma-informed counseling practices and counselor education pedagogy. This study explored the experiences of race-based …

Preparing Counselors In Training To Work Within Interdisciplinary Settings: What Are Supervisee’S Needs From Supervision, Jeanel Franklin, Suelle Micallef Marmara

College of Education & Professional Studies (Darden) Posters

Counselors are increasingly required to work in diverse and multicultural settings and within interprofessional and multi-professional teams (Schmit et al., 2018). For counselors to work effectively with professionals from other disciplines, they need training in collaborative competencies that include knowledge of each professions’ roles, responsibilities, and expertise (Arthur & Russell-Mayhew, 2010). Arthur and Russell-Mayhew identified supervision as possible leverage to support counselors in acquiring competencies to learn with and from other disciplines. However, there is limited research on how supervision supports health professionals, particularly counselors, in an interdisciplinary team (Owens et al., 1999). Therefore, the purpose of this study is …

Book Review: How To Be An Antiracist By Ibram X. Kendi, Shuntay Tarver

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Qualitative Examination Of The Preparedness Of African American Pastors To Address Issues Of Addiction, Shuntay Tarver, Chaniece Winfield, Judith Preston, Alexis Wilkerson, Pastor Isaac Shorter

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

This study qualitatively explored the preparedness of African American pastors to meet the needs of parishioners with addictions. Findings indicated that African American pastors do not always perceive themselves to be prepared to address issues of addiction, and existing cultural barriers challenge collaboration between human services practitioners and African American pastors. Findings also revealed that despite existing cultural barriers, African American pastors are willing to collaborate with professionals who offer educational opportunities in culturally relevant ways. Human services professionals’ ability to understand cultural nuances of African American pastors is of paramount concern to effectively enhance the quality of life for …

Trauma-Informed Career Counselling To Address Work Traumas Resulting From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jennifer J. Linnekaste

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Background: Sudden work traumas as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have left thousands displaced from their current jobs and occupations. Traditional career counselling approaches that overlook the role of emotion are not adequate to address the numerous emotional difficulties that arise after a sudden unexpected job loss.

Objectives: The objective of this research is to examine to what extent career counselling theories and interventions incorporate a trauma-informed career counselling approach and are prepared to address the emotional, psychological, and career counselling concerns that arise from work traumas as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A …

Counselor Education Doctoral Students’ Research Self-Efficacy: A Concept Mapping Approach, Zahide Sunal

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Research self-efficacy (RSE) is a key concept not only for counselor educators as successful researchers but also for the advancement of counselor education field. In the literature, researchers have studied multiple factors (e.g., research interest, productivity) to understand the complex nature of RSE phenomenon. Despite being informative, these studies only focused on partial aspects of the multilayered RSE, showing methodological and conceptual limitations. Particularly, we do not have a holistic understanding of RSE and the interrelated relationship among the factors informing RSE. In the current study, the researcher used a mixedmethods design, Concept Mapping (Kane & Trochim, 2007) to explore …

Development And Validation Of The Students With Learning Disabilities School Counselor Self- Efficacy Scale: A Psychometric Study, Rawn Alfredo Boulden, Jr.

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

School Counselors play an important role in the success of all students. The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) and the Council for The Accreditation of Counseling And Related Educational Programs (CACREP) emphasizing the importance of school counselors in supporting the diverse needs of all students. Despite the efforts of the aforementioned association and accrediting body, the verdict is mixed regarding school counselors’ self-efficacy to counsel and support students with learning disabilities. This quantitative study aimed to develop and validate the Students with Learning Disabilities School Counselor Self-Efficacy Scale, an instrument that assesses school counselors’ belief in their ability to counsel …

Best Practices In Clinical Supervision: What Must Supervisees Do?, Johana Rocha

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Clinical supervision is critical for training competent counselors who provide ethical and professional services aimed at protecting the welfare of the populations they serve. Despite clearly outlining the roles and responsibilities of supervisors in supervision literature (Borders et al., 2014), scholars have not offered guidelines to inform supervisees with their responsibilities to make the most out of their supervision experiences. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to attend to the gap in the literature by understanding what supervisees perceive as their responsibilities in clinical supervision. Such an effort may inform further studies and provide an empirical basis to establish …

An Experimental Study Of Research Self-Efficacy In Master’S Students, Nicola Aelish Meade

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Engaging master’s counseling students in the research literature and facilitating an environment that strengthens their research identity development are necessities for counselor educators. This need is juxtaposed with over 20 years of research, which found that counseling students appeared to lack confidence and have low interest in this topic (Gelso, Baumann, Chui, & Savela, 2013; Phillips & Russell, 1994). Low research self-efficacy was presented as an important explanatory factor. Thus, this experimental study deployed a pedagogical intervention based on the work of Albert Bandura and his social learning theory. Two sections of the required research course in a southeastern university …

The Psychometric Properties Of The School Counseling Internship Competency Scale, Melanie Ann Burgess

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Counselor education programs aim to adequately train competent pre-service counselors to fulfill a myriad of roles and responsibilities associated with their specialty area. In accordance with professional organizations, gatekeeping is an ethical responsibility of counselor educators and supervisors to protect the welfare of clients and the health of the counseling profession through ongoing evaluation of pre-service counselors. Presently, no standardized evaluation tool exists to assess school counseling interns comprehensively, attending to school counseling competencies, dispositions, roles, and responsibilities. The purpose of the study is to attend to the gap in literature through the creation and validation of The School Counseling …

Reshaping Counselor Education: The Identification Of Influential Factors On Multisystemic Therapy, T'Airra C. Belcher

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Multisystemic therapy (MST) is a form of behavioral health treatment for adolescents which has been identified as one of the leading effective forms of treatment for children and adolescents with severe behavioral and mental health disorders. Since its creation, there have been countless studies exploring if this form of treatment works with a different population in a variety of locations. Additionally, there have been studies which determined that MST is just as effective as or even less effective than other treatment modalities. This dissertation explored the specific aspects of MST and what leads to its effectiveness. A meta-analysis and case …

A Guide To Integrating Behavioral/Process Addictions Into Counselor Education Programs, Leigh Falls Holman, Kristy L. Carlisle, Marisa Rapp, Regina Moro, Christine Baker, Angie D. Cartwright, Latasha Hicks-Becton

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Changes in CACREP standards and DSM-5 diagnoses reflect the need to train counselors in the screening and treatment of behavioral/process additions (BPAs). This guide presents foundational issues counselor educators and supervisors may consider when developing an addictions course inclusive of BPAs. It also highlights components of a sample syllabus for a BPA course, including student learning outcomes (SLOs), course topics, materials, and activities/assignments. Developing curricula inclusive of BPAs is a way for counselor educators to begin to advocate for comprehensive addictions curricula within existing counselor education programs, in order to improve the competency of the counselors they train.

Training Culturally Competent Practitioners: Student Reflections On The Process, Shuntay Z. Tarver, Melvin Herring

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

A major aspect of cultural competence is developing critical self-reflection skills. Critical self-reflection is a culturally competent practice that positions practitioners with the ability to recognize and respond to the influence of power, privilege, and oppression within client interactions. Contributing to the existing literature on cultural competence, this article posits that teaching critical self-reflection is an essential aspect of training culturally competent practitioners. To investigate this connection, researchers qualitatively examined the retrospective accounts of 15 human services students who critically reflected on an assignment: exploring how they were personally impacted by issues of power, privilege, and oppression. Findings unveiled students’ …

Preparing Practice-Ready Collaborative Healthcare Human Services Students: Considerations On Developing Interprofessional Education Competencies In Human Services, Kyulee Park, Francisca Rivas, Ne'shaun Borden, Kristy L. Carlisle

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Interprofessional collaboration, consultation, and cooperation have long been a direct and indirect professional responsibility of human services practitioners in integrated healthcare settings. In order to effectively educate and train practice-ready human services students for rapidly changing healthcare settings, it is critical that human services organizations and programs examine the need for interprofessional competency education. This article provides timely considerations on developing interprofessional education competencies in human services education.

Ethics Education In Human Services: Course Context And Teaching Activities, Linda Wark, Tammi Dice, Shoshana Kerewsky, Tricia Hudson

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Ethical choices are a cornerstone of effective human services practice. Human services professionals are expected to adhere to ethical standards, but little is written on the teaching strategies that ready students for ethical practice with clients. This article meets the need for such literature by addressing the teaching context that influences student learning in human services courses and presenting four teaching activities. Future directions and suggestions for research to examine the effectiveness of these activities are offered.

An Exploratory Investigation Of A Flipped Classroom Model In Human Services Education, Nicola A. Meade, Narketta M. Sparkman-Key

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Human services education has unique needs due to the practical elements that are a part of preparing students for the field. One aspect is for students to graduate with a firm capacity to enact the skill detailed by the National Organization of Human Services (NOHS, n.d.). A blending of on-campus and on-line components has been found to encourage higher order thinking and offer experiential learning (Rehfuss, Kirk-Jenkins, & Milliken, 2015). The flipped classroom pedagogical model offers one potential way for educators to create an environment that facilitates the learning needed and recommended. This study altered a class to the flipped …

Program Evaluation In Doctoral-Level Counselor Education Preparation: Concerns And Recommendations, Christopher A. Sink, Gergory Lemich

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Within the context of intentional collaboration between doctoral-level program evaluation and counselor educators, this article addresses the need for advanced training in program evaluation for preservice doctoral-level counselor education (CE) students. To determine the current level of evaluation training provided to doctoral students attending a nationally accredited CE program, 81 institutions and their program websites and accompanying materials were analyzed. Approximately 25% of these graduate programs appeared to provide a modest level of training. Over 50% of these units did not fully identify what program evaluation preparation was required or offered to students. Recommendations to enhance the program evaluation component …

An Exploration Of Practicum Students' Experiences Of Meaning-Making Through Altruism, Debra Paige Lewis

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Finding meaning in one’s work as a counselor has been demonstrated as an important step in the development of altruism, an essential component of counselor effectiveness. Previous studies in counselor education-related research involving program outcomes focus on the core skills of counseling such as knowledge, skill building, self-appraisal and self-efficacy. Yet little investigation has concentrated on the internal rewards of the clinical experience, such as the meaning found in or the altruism development derived specifically from the practicum or internship. This dissertation research took a phenomenological approach to explore the meaning-making and altruism development of counselor education practicum students providing …

Addiction Counselors' Perceptions Of Clinical Supervision Practices, Marla Harrison Newby

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

The addiction counseling clinical supervision literature has been limited in empirical studies focusing on best practices. Researchers have reported as much as 30 percent of addiction counselors are not receiving clinical supervision at all (Culbreth, 1999; Schmidt, 2012). Addiction counselors enter the field with a variety of credentials that can range from paraprofessional to graduate degrees. The inconsistent practices of clinical supervision in the addiction counseling field and limited research warrants concern for counselors’ professional development. Survey data was examined from 84 addiction counselors’ satisfaction with the frequency and quality of clinical supervision received based on professional credentials, years of …

Development And Validation Of The College Mental Health Perceived Competency Scale, Michael T. Kalkbrenner, Christopher A. Sink

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

College counselors provide training to their campus constituents on various mental health issues, including the identification of warning signs and the referral of students to appropriate resources. Though extensive information on these topics is available in the counseling literature, college counselors lack a psychometrically sound screening instrument to support some of these educational efforts. To meet this need, the present researchers developed and validated the College Mental Health Perceived Competency Scale (CMHPCS). Based largely on self-determination theory, the measure appraises college student and faculty members’ perceived competence for supporting student mental health. Reliability and construct validity of the CMHPCS are …

Towards A New Profession: Counselor Professional Identity In Italy. A Delphi Study, Davide Mariotti

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Counseling is a young profession compared to other mental health professions in Italy. The lack of agreement about counselor professional identity appears to have a negative impact on counselors. This situation has also led potential clients to confuse counselors with other mental health professionals. Because of this, the future development of counseling in Italy appears closely linked to a stronger counselor professional identity. The purpose of this Delphi study is to establish a consensus list among expert counselors of the distinctive elements that characterize counselor professional identity in Italy

Barriers To Counseling Among Human Service Professionals: The Development And Validation Of The Fit, Stigma, & Value Scale, Edward S. Neukrug, Michael T. Kalkbrenner, Sandy-Ann M. Griffith

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

This study sought to confirm rates of attendance in counseling of human service professionals and validate a 32-item questionnaire designed to identify barriers to counseling seeking behavior among this population. Results indicated that a large percentage of human service professionals attend counseling, with males and females attending at similar rates and non-Caucasians attending at lower rates. A multivariate analysis of variance and descriptive statistics identified the most common barriers to attendance in counseling and examined demographic differences in participants’ sensitivity towards barriers to attendance in counseling. A Principal Factor Analysis (PFA) revealed three subscales (fit, value, and stigma), which we …

Educational Technology And Distance Supervision In Counselor Education, Robert Milton Carlisle, Danica G. Hays, Shana L. Pribesh, Chris T. Wood

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

The authors used a nonexperimental descriptive design to examine the prevalence of distance supervision in counselor education programs, educational technology used in supervision, training on technology in supervision, and participants' (N = 673) perceptions of legal and ethical compliance. Program policies are recommended to guide the training and use of technology in supervision.