Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Counselor Education (137)
- Education (94)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (70)
- Psychology (62)
- Mental and Social Health (56)
-
- Student Counseling and Personnel Services (51)
- Educational Psychology (41)
- Counseling Psychology (32)
- Sociology (30)
- Social Work (29)
- Academic Advising (27)
- Marriage and Family Therapy and Counseling (17)
- Clinical Psychology (13)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (13)
- Higher Education (11)
- Child Psychology (10)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (10)
- Family, Life Course, and Society (10)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (10)
- Arts and Humanities (9)
- Communication (9)
- Educational Leadership (9)
- Substance Abuse and Addiction (9)
- Community Health (8)
- Community-Based Research (8)
- Health Psychology (8)
- Other Mental and Social Health (8)
- Other Psychology (8)
- Institution
-
- Winona State University (36)
- Kutztown University (30)
- Universitas Negeri Malang (26)
- Old Dominion University (14)
- Liberty University (13)
-
- Western Michigan University (13)
- Andrews University (10)
- California State University, San Bernardino (9)
- James Madison University (9)
- Nova Southeastern University (9)
- University of Central Florida (7)
- University of South Carolina (7)
- University of Dayton (6)
- Eastern Michigan University (5)
- Loma Linda University (5)
- Universitas Indonesia (5)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (4)
- Stephen F. Austin State University (4)
- University of Kentucky (4)
- University of Nebraska at Omaha (4)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (4)
- Gardner-Webb University (3)
- George Fox University (3)
- Georgia Southern University (3)
- Missouri State University (3)
- Montclair State University (3)
- The University of San Francisco (3)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (3)
- Western Kentucky University (3)
- Boise State University (2)
- Keyword
-
- Counselor Education; Graduate Studies; Syllabus; Syllabi; Faculty; Academics (36)
- PCA (24)
- Pennsylvania Counseling Association History (24)
- Counseling (16)
- Mindfulness (9)
-
- Mental health (8)
- Counselor Education (6)
- Counselor education (6)
- Trauma (6)
- Resilience (5)
- School counseling (5)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, Counseling, Counselor Education (5)
- Supervision (5)
- Attachment (4)
- Bereavement (4)
- Children (4)
- Education (4)
- Women (4)
- Adolescent (3)
- Advocacy (3)
- Anxiety (3)
- Depression (3)
- Health (3)
- Human services (3)
- Intervention (3)
- Multi-tiered system of supports (3)
- PTSD (3)
- Phenomenology (3)
- Poverty (3)
- Qualitative (3)
- Publication
-
- Counselor Education Syllabi (36)
- Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling (26)
- PCA Board of Directors Meetings (24)
- Dissertations (14)
- Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications (13)
-
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (10)
- Counseling Faculty Publications (8)
- Theses and Dissertations (8)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (7)
- Educational Specialist, 2009-2019 (7)
- Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations (7)
- Human Subject Research Archive (7)
- Counselor Education and Human Services Faculty Publications (6)
- Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision (6)
- Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial (5)
- Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects (5)
- Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations (5)
- Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects (4)
- Faculty Publications and Presentations (4)
- Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations (3)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (3)
- Faculty Publications (3)
- Faculty Publications - Graduate School of Counseling (3)
- Graduate Theses/Dissertations (3)
- Journal of Counseling and Psychology (3)
- Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice (3)
- National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference (3)
- The Qualitative Report (3)
- Theses and Dissertations--Family Sciences (3)
- Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects (3)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 241 - 270 of 302
Full-Text Articles in Counseling
Minority Student Perceptions Of Mental Health, Emily Camacho
Minority Student Perceptions Of Mental Health, Emily Camacho
The Journal of Undergraduate Research
The current study explored the use of mental health services by minority students at South Dakota State University (SDSU) using thematic analysis. There are numerous reasons that college students choose not to utilize counseling services even though they may be needed. For example, students may avoid counseling out of fear of cultural stigma associated with help-seeking (Ægisdottír et al., 2011). Further, minority students may be more likely to use non-counseling help services such as religious organizations or friends and family in place of formal counseling because they believe that counselors are racially biased, or that there is a lack of …
Beyond Mindfulness: Expanding Integration Of Spirituality And Religion Into Psychotherapy, Thomas G. Plante
Beyond Mindfulness: Expanding Integration Of Spirituality And Religion Into Psychotherapy, Thomas G. Plante
Psychology
Since the publication of Bergin’s classic 1980 paper “Psychotherapy and Religious Values” in the Journal of Clinical and Consulting Psychology, an enormous amount of quality research has been conducted on the integration of religious and spiritual values and perspectives into the psychotherapy endeavor. Numerous empirical studies, chapters, books, blogs, and specialty organizations have emerged in the past 35 years that have helped researchers and clinicians alike come to appreciate the value of religion and spirituality in the psychotherapeutic process. While so much has been accomplished in this area of integration, so much more needs to occur in order for the …
Body Satisfaction And Ability To Identify Weight Status Of Preschool-Aged Children By Their Caregivers, Andrea Brown
Body Satisfaction And Ability To Identify Weight Status Of Preschool-Aged Children By Their Caregivers, Andrea Brown
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Rates of childhood obesity have been rising consistently across the nation and internationally. As a result, interventionists have been working to develop ways to combat this and have focused on interventions involving caregivers. Previous research indicates caregivers experience challenges in identifying obesity among their own children, which leads to barriers in addressing and reducing rates of obesity as caregivers remain unaware of any problems. The current study explored caregivers’ ability to correctly assign their child to the appropriate weight category and whether their ability was impacted by caregivers’ own weight status. Further, it also explored caregivers’ level of body satisfaction …
The Relationship Between Nwea Scores Of Resident And Non-Resident Students, Steve Prissel
The Relationship Between Nwea Scores Of Resident And Non-Resident Students, Steve Prissel
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine whether a relationship exists between the Northwest Evaluation Association (NWEA) scores of school of choice students and resident students. Background factors were also considered in the study, with focus on grade, gender, race, and special education and socioeconomic status of the students. The study included 5,975 students from 14 school districts in one Michigan intermediate school district (ISD). The NWEA computer-adaptive test assessed achievement/progress in math and reading in grades 3–8. This study used pre and post assessments, once in the fall and once in the spring, to assess the level of …
Ce 575 Syllabus: Addictions Counseling Multicultural Concerns, Mitch Moore
Ce 575 Syllabus: Addictions Counseling Multicultural Concerns, Mitch Moore
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course introduces students to multicultural aspects of chemical dependency. Multiculturalism is an important concept to examine in relation to addictions counseling as our clients’ age, race, gender identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, or disability status can impact the course of addiction or treatment. In this course, students will examine cultural influences as they converge with the substance use and co-occurring disorders. Developing cultural competence in addictions counseling is emphasized. Process addictions (e.g., gambling) also will be examined through a multicultural lens.
Ce 590 Syllabus: Addiction Counseling Practicum, Mitch Moore
Ce 590 Syllabus: Addiction Counseling Practicum, Mitch Moore
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course provides a practical, field-based experience of 880 hours in an addiction counseling setting as required by the Minnesota Board of Behavioral Health and Therapy (MBBHT) Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor [LADC], and the Minnesota Certification Board’s (MCB) Board Certified Counselor (BCC) requirements (IC&RC). This experience may be arranged with supervision coordinated through the practicum course instructor and an on-site supervisor. A total of six (6) credits—two sections—of practicum work must be completed.
Ce 620 Syllabus: Tests & Measurements, Robin Alcala Saner
Ce 620 Syllabus: Tests & Measurements, Robin Alcala Saner
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course provides an overview of the fundamentals of measurement as applied to psychological testing. Knowledge of and practical experience in the use of standardized psychological tests in counseling for personality assessment, evaluation, and career and life decisions will be provided.
Ce 621 Syllabus: Research Design, Heather J. Fye
Ce 621 Syllabus: Research Design, Heather J. Fye
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course provides an overview of the fundamentals of research design and program evaluation in counseling. Current methods of research design and program evaluation in counseling practice and school settings will be discussed.
Ce 633 Syllabus: Ethical Practice And Social Change, Heather J. Fye
Ce 633 Syllabus: Ethical Practice And Social Change, Heather J. Fye
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course introduces students to the legal, professional and ethical issues that affect the practice of counseling and psychotherapy and the methods and ethical basis for counselors to be agents of social change. Students will become familiar with law and ethical codes related to the counseling profession. A model for ethical decision-making will be presented. Also, students will be presented with models for social change in their function as leaders, change agents, collaborators, and risk takers. Providing outreach and advocacy services in the school and community settings, students will expand their role as counselors to include the social contexts of …
Ce 652 Syllabus: Treatment Planning, Eric R. Baltrinic
Ce 652 Syllabus: Treatment Planning, Eric R. Baltrinic
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course is designed to assist mental health counselors in designing client-centered, individualized and culturally sound treatment plans for a wide variety of clinical mental health disorders. Course content will include a strong focus on the diagnosis of mental health disorders based on criteria from the DSM-5, and the subsequent treatment planning and provision of evidence based clinical care. Students completing this course with a satisfactory evaluation will: Be familiar with evidence-based treatment as a philosophy of practice as well as interventions indicated for specific mental health disorders. Special attention will be paid designing treatment plans that focus on outcomes …
Ce 660 Syllabus: Counseling Theories, Mary Fawcett
Ce 660 Syllabus: Counseling Theories, Mary Fawcett
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course exposes students to theories of personality development and change, theories of counseling, and counseling techniques. Students practice application of counseling theories in a laboratory setting with simulated situations. Students are encouraged to identify and develop a tentative theory of personality as it relates to an effective counseling approach. A strong emphasis is placed on the ethical standards of the counseling profession and on multicultural issues.
Ce 660 Syllabus: Theory And Practice, Robin Alcala Saner
Ce 660 Syllabus: Theory And Practice, Robin Alcala Saner
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course exposes students to theories of personality development and change, theories of counseling, and counseling techniques. Students practice application of counseling theories in a laboratory setting with simulated situations. Students are encouraged to identify and develop a tentative theory of personality as it relates to an effective counseling approach. A strong emphasis is placed on the ethical standards of the counseling profession and on multicultural issues.
Ce 680 Syllabus: Counseling Practicum, Eric R. Baltrinic
Ce 680 Syllabus: Counseling Practicum, Eric R. Baltrinic
Counselor Education Syllabi
To enhance the counseling skills and conceptualization processes acquired through direct counseling experience, supervision and classroom interaction. The course is designed to prepare counselors for development as independent professional counselors. The evidence provided through the quality of the course requirements, demonstration of maturity, personal insight and professional presentation as appropriate to the counseling profession, will determine the course grade. The Counselor Education Program requires students to complete a supervised counseling practicum of 150 hours. Forty (40) of those clock hours must be direct service work with appropriate clients. The remaining 110 hours provide opportunities to gain experience in the activities …
Ce 690 Syllabus: Internship, Mary Fawcett
Ce 690 Syllabus: Internship, Mary Fawcett
Counselor Education Syllabi
To enhance the counseling skills and conceptualization processes acquired through direct counseling experience, supervision and classroom interaction. The course is designed to prepare counselors for development as independent professional counselors. The evidence provided through the quality of the course requirements, demonstration of maturity, personal insight and professional presentation as appropriate to the counseling profession, will determine the course grade. The Counselor Education Program requires students to complete a supervised counseling internship of 600 hours. 240 of those clock hours must be direct service work with appropriate clients. The remaining 360 hours provide opportunities to gain experience in the activities that …
Ce 690 Syllabus: Internship, Masa Sato
Ce 690 Syllabus: Internship, Masa Sato
Counselor Education Syllabi
To enhance the counseling skills and conceptualization processes acquired through direct counseling experience, supervision and classroom interaction. The course is designed to prepare counselors for development as independent professional counselors. The evidence provided through the quality of the course requirements, demonstration of maturity, personal insight and professional presentation as appropriate to the counseling profession, will determine the course grade. The Counselor Education Program requires students to complete a supervised counseling internship of 600 hours. 240 of those clock hours must be direct service work with appropriate clients. The remaining 360 hours provide opportunities to gain experience in the activities that …
The Influence Of Perceived Barriers, Perceived Social Support, And Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy On High School Juniors' And Seniors' Postsecondary Plans, Denise Antwainette Gilstrap
The Influence Of Perceived Barriers, Perceived Social Support, And Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy On High School Juniors' And Seniors' Postsecondary Plans, Denise Antwainette Gilstrap
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
National emphasis on postsecondary education highlights the importance of studies that investigate students’ college and career readiness, specifically how self-efficacy and contextual factors may affect their postsecondary aspirations. The primary purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the influence of perceived barriers, perceived social support, and career decision-making self-efficacy on high school juniors’ and seniors’ postsecondary plans. High school juniors and seniors (n = 124) were surveyed to determine the influence of three predictors on their short-term and long-term postsecondary plans. The first predictor, perceptions of educational barriers, consisted of the following barrier groups: efficacy and motivation, support system, …
Navigating New Relationships During Recovery From Intimate Partner Violence: A Phenomenological Investigation Of Female Survivors' Experiences, Paulina Flasch
Navigating New Relationships During Recovery From Intimate Partner Violence: A Phenomenological Investigation Of Female Survivors' Experiences, Paulina Flasch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Much of the extant literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) centers on immediate needs and crisis interventions for victims and survivors, and limited emphasis is placed on the long-term recovery process. Researchers have identified post-IPV romantic relationships as a topic in need of further investigation, but to date, little to no research has focused on romantic relationships post-IPV. The present investigation provides a thorough literature review on the topic of recovery from IPV, introduces a phenomenological investigation of survivors' experiences of considering or navigating new relationships during recovery from intimate partner violence, and discusses findings and implications for counselors and …
The Influence Of Online Dating On Emerging Adults' Levels Of Empathy, Objectification Of Others, And Quality Of Romantic Relationships, Zachary Bloom
The Influence Of Online Dating On Emerging Adults' Levels Of Empathy, Objectification Of Others, And Quality Of Romantic Relationships, Zachary Bloom
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the directional relationship between emerging adults' intensity of online dating and their levels of empathy, objectification of others, and quality of romantic relationships. This investigation tested the theoretical model that emerging adults' (N = 1,613) intensity of online dating (as measured by the Online Dating Intensity Scale [ODI]) contributed to their levels of empathy (as measured by the Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy [AMES]; Vossen, Piotrowski, & Valkenburg, 2015), objectification of others (as measured by the Sexual-Other Objectification Scale [SOOS]), and quality of relationships with romantic partners (as measured by …
The Impact Of A Strengths-Based Group Counseling Intervention On Lgbtq+ Young Adult's Coping, Social Support, And Coming Out Growth, Shainna Ali
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals, and those who otherwise identify as a minority in terms of affectional orientation and gender expression identity (LGBTQ+) have a higher rate of mental health concerns than their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts (Meyer, 2003). Young adulthood is a difficult time for individuals who identify as LGBTQ+ as internal identity development processes coincide with stressors from the outside world. The conflict between intrapersonal and interpersonal pressures may evoke a multitude of negative emotions such as anxiety, loneliness, isolation, fear, anger, resentment, shame, guilt, and fear. One difficult task that triggers these depreciating sentiments is …
An Ethnographic Study Of The Culture Of Twelfth Grade Upward Bound Students In The Midwest, Neffisatu Dambo
An Ethnographic Study Of The Culture Of Twelfth Grade Upward Bound Students In The Midwest, Neffisatu Dambo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to better understand the culture of an Upward Bound College Preparatory Program in the Midwest and how it interacted with the culture of 12th-grade UB participants. In particular, the study examined how UB and the cultures that 12th graders belonged influenced students' decisions, progression, and adult transitions. UB serves at-promise high school students who are highly susceptible to academic, career, financial, and psychological challenges during their 12th-grade progression and transition. Therefore, the researcher conducted an ethnographic study that included observations, documents, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups with (N = 70) participants in the Midwest. …
Investigating The Moderating Effects Of Optisism, Hope, And Gratitude On The Relationship Among Negative Life Events And Psychological Distress And Life Satisfaction, Abdi Gungor
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The literature has documented that negative life events such as divorce, financial issues, or relationship changes lead to various psychological concerns including depression, anxiety, or suicidal behaviors. However, several variables affect how people cope with negative life events. Among those variables, optimism, hope, and gratitude have been emphasized in the literature, and their relationships with several psychological outcomes have been studied. However, little is known about the effects of these variables on negative life events and their relationship to psychological distress and life satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between negative life events and psychological …
Mindfulness Behavior And Its Effects On Anxiety, Mary Mayorga, Sabina De Vries, Elizabeth Ann Wardle
Mindfulness Behavior And Its Effects On Anxiety, Mary Mayorga, Sabina De Vries, Elizabeth Ann Wardle
Counseling and Guidance Faculty Publications (Archived)
A quasi experimental study was conducted at a South West State University counseling program to investigate if using meditation techniques would lower levels of anxiety and create mindfulness attention awareness among counseling students enrolled in a counseling skills course, taught in a masters-level counseling program. A total of 29 students were recruited from three counseling skills courses, two of which were included in the treatment condition and one was designated as the control condition. Students in the treatment condition were instructed in one pointed breathing meditation and it was practiced for five minutes at the beginning of each class. The …
Characteristics And Ethics Of E-Therapy Websites With Marriage And Family Therapists, Zuzana Gassova
Characteristics And Ethics Of E-Therapy Websites With Marriage And Family Therapists, Zuzana Gassova
Theses and Dissertations--Family Sciences
The current survey of 83 e-therapy websites with marriage and family therapists examined what consumers seeking online therapy or therapy over the phone might find on the Internet. The study explored how e-therapy websites characterize their services and comply with the ethical guidelines of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. Furthermore, differences in compliance with ethical guidelines among the three types of the websites (individual practice websites, group practice websites, and independent contractor websites) were analyzed. Results indicated that a majority of the websites lack information regarding several major areas (e.g., crisis resources, terms of service, procedures to …
A Formative Evaluation Of A Smartphone Application For Couples: The Affectionate Gesture Planner, Patrick Robert Bortz
A Formative Evaluation Of A Smartphone Application For Couples: The Affectionate Gesture Planner, Patrick Robert Bortz
Theses and Dissertations--Family Sciences
The Affectionate Gesture Planner (AGP) is a smartphone application (i.e., “app”) that aims to increase relationship satisfaction for couples in long-term relationships by prompting couples to complete loving acts for each other on a daily basis. The AGP app is informed by concepts from social exchange theory and the investment model (Rusbult, 1983), which predict that increasing the mutual exchange of beneficial investments to the relationship improves the quality and stability of the relationship. The present study is a formative evaluation on the prototype of the AGP app. Based on participant feedback, the AGP app will be improved prior to …
How Therapists Use And Choose Mindfulness To Treat Trauma, Jessica M. King
How Therapists Use And Choose Mindfulness To Treat Trauma, Jessica M. King
Theses and Dissertations--Family Sciences
This qualitative study used the phenomenological method to examine how therapists use mindfulness therapies and interventions to address trauma-salient issues with their clients. Specifically, it explored therapists’ use of and choices about mindfulness-based treatments when addressing post-traumatic stress symptoms, and trauma-relevant emotion dysregulation and attachment injury. Informants were associate and fully-licensed local therapists, recruited using convenience sampling and snowball sampling by word-of-mouth referrals. Data was collected by semi-structured interviewing. Interview data was analyzed with Moustakas’ (1994) recommended procedures for analysis of phenomenological data. Results, Discussion, Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research are described at the end.
Nsu Master Of Science In School Counseling Curriculum 2016, Nova Southeastern University
Nsu Master Of Science In School Counseling Curriculum 2016, Nova Southeastern University
Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive
No abstract provided.
The Self-Perception Of Leadership Efficacy Of Teachers And The Effects On Student Achievement, Julie L. Clark
The Self-Perception Of Leadership Efficacy Of Teachers And The Effects On Student Achievement, Julie L. Clark
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Decades of research and the unprecedented demands being placed on our nation’s schools have revealed changing conceptions in school leadership. Increasingly, teachers are taking a more central role in the daily functions of their schools and are becoming more involved in important decision-making that was once reserved for principals. While the topic of teacher leadership continues to garner support in the literature, little attention has been given to studying teacher leadership through an organizational lens. Closely related to the idea of teacher leadership is collective efficacy, an organizational concept that has previously been linked to student achievement. This study utilized …
An Exploration Of Attachment, Trauma, And Treatment Outcome In A Cognative Behaviorable Therapy-Based Group Anger Management Program: A Multiple Case Study, Cynthia K. Swope
An Exploration Of Attachment, Trauma, And Treatment Outcome In A Cognative Behaviorable Therapy-Based Group Anger Management Program: A Multiple Case Study, Cynthia K. Swope
Dissertations
This study explored the relationship between trauma, attachment styles, and treatment outcomes among violent offenders attending a group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based anger management program. Using a mixed method, multiple case study design, the researcher examined the individual experiences of seven individuals court-mandated to attend a community-based anger management program. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to develop the participant narratives used in the qualitative analyses. Participant scores on the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Questionnaire, the Experience in Close Relationships (ECR-R) Questionnaire, and the Novaco Anger Scale (NAS) provided quantitative measures of trauma history, attachment style, and anger disposition. The results of …
The Effects Of A Trauma-Informed Care Training Program On Mental Health Professionals Knowledge, Skills, And Attitudes With The Smi, Angelina Pelletier
The Effects Of A Trauma-Informed Care Training Program On Mental Health Professionals Knowledge, Skills, And Attitudes With The Smi, Angelina Pelletier
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Trauma has been found to be highly prevalent among individuals diagnosed with SMIs. Mental health professionals have been reported to misdiagnose or avoid addressing trauma in this population. There is a need to provide information about trauma and to foster awareness among mental health professionals who are treating individuals diagnosed with SMIs. With a TIC approach, operating from a recovery-oriented philosophy, there have been interventions created to address trauma and SMIs with the aim of developing awareness about trauma and the impact it may have on someone’s life. With these factors in mind, mental health professionals should be competent in …
The Contribution Of Adult Attachment Style On The Experience Of Posttraumatic Growth Among Adult Survivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Kristina Nelson
The Contribution Of Adult Attachment Style On The Experience Of Posttraumatic Growth Among Adult Survivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Kristina Nelson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the directional relationship between adults' attachment styles and perceived impact of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) with their experience of posttraumatic growth. This investigation tested the theoretical model that adults' (N = 292) attachment styles as measured by the Experiences in Close Relationships-Short Form ([ECR-S] Wei et al., 2007) and impact of childhood sexual abuse as measured by the Impact of Event Scale-revised ([IES-R] Weiss & Marmar, 1997) contributed to their experience of posttraumatic growth as measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory ([PTGI] Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996). Specifically, this investigation tested the …