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Articles 91 - 120 of 482
Full-Text Articles in Other Communication
An Ethical Framework For Communicating Public Health Crises: A Case Analysis Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Qingjiang (Q. J.) Yao
An Ethical Framework For Communicating Public Health Crises: A Case Analysis Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Qingjiang (Q. J.) Yao
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
These Identifying the traditional principle of medical ethics of autonomy as a major factor that hinders epidemiological investigation and the understanding of a novel virus, this study adopts an ethical framework, consisting of the axes of ethical devotions (local, national, continental, and global) and ethical reasoning approaches (deontological and teleological), to analyze the approaches of communicating global public health crises like the COVID pandemic. The argument is made to endorse a global devotion with teleological reasoning in a large-scale public health crisis that needs global collaboration to cope with.
Challenging Norms Of Crisis Communication And Preparedness By Listening To Voices From The (Dis)Ability Movement In Sweden, Magnus Eriksson, Jörgen Lundälv, Elisabet M. Nilsson
Challenging Norms Of Crisis Communication And Preparedness By Listening To Voices From The (Dis)Ability Movement In Sweden, Magnus Eriksson, Jörgen Lundälv, Elisabet M. Nilsson
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
This paper presents the result of a survey study where representing members of the disability movement in Sweden have shared their experiences of living and acting during the first year of the Covid-19-pandemic. The aim was to identify crisis communication challenges and where additional communication material and methods are needed for supporting people in going from knowledge to taking action for achieving a higher level of crisis preparedness. The paper also includes a brief summary of a literature review of previous international research on disabilities and the Covid-19 pandemic. Three categories of crisis communication challenges were identified displaying a vulnerability …
Why We Need To Account For Human Behavior And Decision-Making To Effectively Model The Non-Linear Dynamics Of Livestock Disease, Scott C. Merrill, Gabriela Bucini, Eric M. Clark, Christopher J. Koliba, Luke Trinity, Asim Zia, Ollin Langle-Chimal, Nicholas Cheney, Trisha R. Shrum, Timothy L. Sellnow, Deanna D. Sellnow, Julia L. Smith
Why We Need To Account For Human Behavior And Decision-Making To Effectively Model The Non-Linear Dynamics Of Livestock Disease, Scott C. Merrill, Gabriela Bucini, Eric M. Clark, Christopher J. Koliba, Luke Trinity, Asim Zia, Ollin Langle-Chimal, Nicholas Cheney, Trisha R. Shrum, Timothy L. Sellnow, Deanna D. Sellnow, Julia L. Smith
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Animal disease costs the livestock industries billions of dollars annually. These costs can be reduced using effective biosecurity. However, costs of biosecurity are steep and benefits must be weighed against the uncertain infection risks. Much effort has gone into determining efficacy of different biosecurity tactics and strategies. Unfortunately, the variability in human behavior and decision-making when confronted with risk information has largely been overlooked. Here we show that use of the human behavioral component is necessary to understand the patterns of infection incidence in livestock industries. Using an agent-based model developed with a foundation of supply chain and industry structural …
Stakeholders’ Responses To The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Blueprint For Health Crisis Communication, Lisa Bergson, Thomasena Shaw, Nancy Van Leuven
Stakeholders’ Responses To The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Blueprint For Health Crisis Communication, Lisa Bergson, Thomasena Shaw, Nancy Van Leuven
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
In March of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic changed everything. This qualitative phenomenological study of undergraduate communication students in a 4-year public university explored how as primary stakeholders for universities, students responded to the pandemic. Using Protective Action Decision Model (PADM), the researchers explored students’ perceptions of the risk of contracting COVID-19 and the protective actions recommended, and how perceptions influenced protective action decision making and behavioral responses. This study fills a gap in the crisis communication literature by focusing on stakeholder perspectives rather than the typical organizational responses to crises; it affirmed the sequential nature of PADM and suggests it …
Exploring Whether Wireless Emergency Alerts Can Help Impede The Spread Of Covid-19, Hamilton Bean, Nels Grevstad, Alex Koutsoukos, Abigail Meyer
Exploring Whether Wireless Emergency Alerts Can Help Impede The Spread Of Covid-19, Hamilton Bean, Nels Grevstad, Alex Koutsoukos, Abigail Meyer
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
This study offers a preliminary exploration of whether state-level (N=6) and local-level (N=53) Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) messages might contribute to impeding the spread of Covid-19 in the United States. The study compares changes in reported rates of infections and deaths between states and localities that issued WEA messages in March and April of 2020 with states that did not. Small sample sizes and differences in the rates of Covid-19 spread prohibit robust statistical analysis and detection of clear effect sizes, but estimated effects are generally in the right direction.
When The Pandemic Impacts The Most Vulnerable: Analyzing Crisis And Risk Messages Aimed At Latinx Individuals About Covid-19, Sofia Salazar, Deanna D. Sellnow
When The Pandemic Impacts The Most Vulnerable: Analyzing Crisis And Risk Messages Aimed At Latinx Individuals About Covid-19, Sofia Salazar, Deanna D. Sellnow
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Guided by the IDEA model, this pilot study analyzes the perceptions about coronavirus (COVID-19) messages created to be distributed to the Latinx community in the United States. This study has been conducted to test the research questions proposed and the instruments so a second study can be executed based on Latinx populations in Florida communities. A survey was distributed among students from different ethnicities. A comparative analysis was run with the responses from the students who identified as Latinx and the students who identified as non-Latinx. The results demonstrated that components such as internalization, explanation, and action are present in …
The Idea Model As An Effective Instructional Crisis And Risk Communication Framework To Analyze The Cdc’S Messages Aimed At Hispanics In The Covid-19 Era, Sofia E. Salazar
The Idea Model As An Effective Instructional Crisis And Risk Communication Framework To Analyze The Cdc’S Messages Aimed At Hispanics In The Covid-19 Era, Sofia E. Salazar
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
This study explores, through a thematic analysis, the messages published in Spanish in the Holiday Celebrations and Small Gatherings [Celebraciones y pequeñas reuniones por las fiestas] section of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's website (CDC). To analyze these messages, this study used the IDEA model. The conclusions suggest CDC prioritized internalization and action messages over distribution and explanation in this section of the website. The conclusions also show that although the CDC incorporated all elements of the IDEA model in the messages, the information shared was a mere translation of the English version of the Holiday Celebrations and …
Unbranding: Disenfranchising Terrorism, Disenchanting Terror, David H. Waterman
Unbranding: Disenfranchising Terrorism, Disenchanting Terror, David H. Waterman
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
The Theory of Brand Reduction (TBR), or unbranding, genericizes an organizational brand in order to reduce or limit its impact within its category or brand group. Unbranding asserts a product is identified by its brand and is perceived by stakeholders based on the characteristics of that brand. For example, terror is a product of some organizations - a means to an end - usually political in natural. Unbranding posits the center of gravity (COG) of an extremist group or organization is its brand. Current and previous counter-terrorism efforts have addressed elements of products but not the source of power of …
Entertainment Industry Sector Under The Spotlight: How Pr Professionals And Event Organizers Communicate During Pandemic Crisis, Andrei Galan
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
The COVID-19 pandemic has wounded sociality and limited the possibility to stay together: the essence of many forms of art. All the sectors whose activities are based on cultural values, or artistic, creative expressions, market or non-market oriented. It includes architecture, archives, libraries and museums, artistic crafts, audio-visual tangible and intangible cultural heritage, design, festivals, music, literature, performing arts, publishing, radio and visual arts. This paper aims to shed a light not only on the scarce literature on the field, but also on the particularities of how professionals communicate during pandemic crisis in the entertainment industry, especially at the moment …
Public Opinion On Age Stereotypes During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Gabriella Sandstig
Public Opinion On Age Stereotypes During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Gabriella Sandstig
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
The news media can both mirror age stereotypes held by the public, as well as contribute to constructing or amplifying them. The first risk group identified in the pandemic was older adults. They are generally not so visible in the media, but during the pandemic, they were in focus. This study analyses to what extent the public agrees with age stereotypes during the COVID-19 pandemic and what characterizes the groups that hold them. Survey data from 04/14/20-06/28/20 on a national sample (6000) of the population of Sweden is used. The results, contrary to the expectation that stereotypes of older adults …
Image Restoration Strategies For The (Mis-) Handling Of Covid – 19 Pandemic In Greece, Neofytos Aspriadis
Image Restoration Strategies For The (Mis-) Handling Of Covid – 19 Pandemic In Greece, Neofytos Aspriadis
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
During the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak all countries around the world used several kinds of response strategies to protect public health and control the outbreak. The main aim was to stop the disease from spreading into the community and put a pressure on the health system of the countries. However, severe measures like lockdown of cities and countries brought side-crises like economic pressure on the individuals, corporations and even the state itself. Although the Greek Government was considered to have managed the first phase of the crisis in March effectively, during the aftermath of the first phase, the complete opening of …
Communicating Crisis To Youth: The Role Of Caregiver Crisis Communication In Youth Sensemaking And Recovery., Ronda Oberlin Nowak
Communicating Crisis To Youth: The Role Of Caregiver Crisis Communication In Youth Sensemaking And Recovery., Ronda Oberlin Nowak
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
A qualitative study was conducted of the response to student deaths by the administrators of two rural high schools. The events are looked at in the dual context of incident management and communication processes, using Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) theory. Interviews were conducted with administrators and with members of a student support team that responded to these and similar events. The study finds that negotiation of meaning that takes place between students, and between students and caregivers, is key in students’ processing of the event that they are experiencing. It can also equip them to be more resilient to …
Police Reform: Understanding Interspersed Social Influences And The Propagation Of Public Policy During Covid19, Alexia L. Knox
Police Reform: Understanding Interspersed Social Influences And The Propagation Of Public Policy During Covid19, Alexia L. Knox
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Social influence is described as a communications theory which involves three psychological processes: compliance, identification and internalization. The theory applies supplemental data from social psychology frameworks consisting of normative conformity and informative conformity research. Individuals can be influenced to demonstrate social behaviors and many of us can be influenced to change our behaviors depending on our psychological or social needs at that time. Propaganda is another social influence that affects crisis communications. These topics will be discussed to better understand social influence and social behaviors while also analyzing legitimate authority interpositions during the coronavirus global crisis. Further, this research task …
The Promotion Of Social Awakening Through The Speech Of Lewis Richardson: A Metaphorical Lens That Is Echoed Today, Suha Mohammed
The Promotion Of Social Awakening Through The Speech Of Lewis Richardson: A Metaphorical Lens That Is Echoed Today, Suha Mohammed
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
This analysis will illustrate how a journey through the lens of metaphorical criticism can openly display the hardships, life, and reality of past African American voices, as their stories echo through the rhetor, Lewis Richardson. An examination of a striking speech that speaks volumes, recited by Lewis Richardson, will unravel the depth in imagery, interpretation, and symbolism from an application of a metaphorical critical lens that tells a story that just keeps getting louder and louder as it grows unheard. “When metaphor is seen as a way of knowing the world, it plays a particular role in argumentation” [8]. This …
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 1
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 1
Human-Machine Communication
This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 1.
Sharing Stress With A Robot: What Would A Robot Say?, Honson Y. Ling, Elin A. Björling
Sharing Stress With A Robot: What Would A Robot Say?, Honson Y. Ling, Elin A. Björling
Human-Machine Communication
With the prevalence of mental health problems today, designing human-robot interaction for mental health intervention is not only possible, but critical. The current experiment examined how three types of robot disclosure (emotional, technical, and by-proxy) affect robot perception and human disclosure behavior during a stress-sharing activity. Emotional robot disclosure resulted in the lowest robot perceived safety. Post-hoc analysis revealed that increased perceived stress predicted reduced human disclosure, user satisfaction, robot likability, and future robot use. Negative attitudes toward robots also predicted reduced intention for future robot use. This work informs on the possible design of robot disclosure, as well as …
Interlocutors And Interactions: Examining The Interactions Between Students With Complex Communication Needs, Teachers, And Eye-Gaze Technology, Rhonda Mcewen, Asiya Atcha, Michelle Lui, Roula Shimaly, Amrita Maharaj, Syed Ali, Stacie Carroll
Interlocutors And Interactions: Examining The Interactions Between Students With Complex Communication Needs, Teachers, And Eye-Gaze Technology, Rhonda Mcewen, Asiya Atcha, Michelle Lui, Roula Shimaly, Amrita Maharaj, Syed Ali, Stacie Carroll
Human-Machine Communication
This study analyzes the role of the machine as a communicative partner for children with complex communication needs as they use eye-tracking technology to communicate. We ask: to what extent do eye-tracking devices serve as functional communications systems for children with complex communication needs? We followed 12 children with profound physical disabilities in a special education classroom over 3 months. An eye-tracking system was used to collect data from software that assisted the children in facial recognition, task identification, and vocabulary building. Results show that eye gaze served as a functional communication system for the majority of the children. We …
The Robot Privacy Paradox: Understanding How Privacy Concerns Shape Intentions To Use Social Robots, Christoph Lutz, Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux
The Robot Privacy Paradox: Understanding How Privacy Concerns Shape Intentions To Use Social Robots, Christoph Lutz, Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux
Human-Machine Communication
Conceptual research on robots and privacy has increased but we lack empirical evidence about the prevalence, antecedents, and outcomes of different privacy concerns about social robots. To fill this gap, we present a survey, testing a variety of antecedents from trust, technology adoption, and robotics scholarship. Respondents are most concerned about data protection on the manufacturer side, followed by social privacy concerns and physical concerns. Using structural equation modeling, we find a privacy paradox, where the perceived benefits of social robots override privacy concerns.
Building A Stronger Casa: Extending The Computers Are Social Actors Paradigm, Andrew Gambino, Jesse Fox, Rabindra A. Ratan
Building A Stronger Casa: Extending The Computers Are Social Actors Paradigm, Andrew Gambino, Jesse Fox, Rabindra A. Ratan
Human-Machine Communication
The computers are social actors framework (CASA), derived from the media equation, explains how people communicate with media and machines demonstrating social potential. Many studies have challenged CASA, yet it has not been revised. We argue that CASA needs to be expanded because people have changed, technologies have changed, and the way people interact with technologies has changed. We discuss the implications of these changes and propose an extension of CASA. Whereas CASA suggests humans mindlessly apply human-human social scripts to interactions with media agents, we argue that humans may develop and apply human-media social scripts to these interactions. Our …
Me And My Robot Smiled At One Another: The Process Of Socially Enacted Communicative Affordance In Human-Machine Communication, Carmina Rodríguez-Hidalgo
Me And My Robot Smiled At One Another: The Process Of Socially Enacted Communicative Affordance In Human-Machine Communication, Carmina Rodríguez-Hidalgo
Human-Machine Communication
The term affordance has been inconsistently applied both in robotics and communication. While the robotics perspective is mostly object-based, the communication science view is commonly user-based. In an attempt to bring the two perspectives together, this theoretical paper argues that social robots present new social communicative affordances emerging from a two-way relational process. I first explicate conceptual approaches of affordance in robotics and communication. Second, a model of enacted communicative affordance in the context of Human-Machine Communication (HMC) is presented. Third and last, I explain how a pivotal social robot characteristic—embodiment—plays a key role in the process of social communicative …
Ontological Boundaries Between Humans And Computers And The Implications For Human-Machine Communication, Andrea L. Guzman
Ontological Boundaries Between Humans And Computers And The Implications For Human-Machine Communication, Andrea L. Guzman
Human-Machine Communication
In human-machine communication, people interact with a communication partner that is of a different ontological nature from themselves. This study examines how people conceptualize ontological differences between humans and computers and the implications of these differences for human-machine communication. Findings based on data from qualitative interviews with 73 U.S. adults regarding disembodied artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (voice-based AI assistants, automated-writing software) show that people differentiate between humans and computers based on origin of being, degree of autonomy, status as tool/tool-user, level of intelligence, emotional capabilities, and inherent flaws. In addition, these ontological boundaries are becoming increasingly blurred as technologies emulate …
Toward An Agent-Agnostic Transmission Model: Synthesizing Anthropocentric And Technocentric Paradigms In Communication, Jaime Banks, Maartje M. A. De Graaf
Toward An Agent-Agnostic Transmission Model: Synthesizing Anthropocentric And Technocentric Paradigms In Communication, Jaime Banks, Maartje M. A. De Graaf
Human-Machine Communication
Technological and social evolutions have prompted operational, phenomenological, and ontological shifts in communication processes. These shifts, we argue, trigger the need to regard human and machine roles in communication processes in a more egalitarian fashion. Integrating anthropocentric and technocentric perspectives on communication, we propose an agent-agnostic framework for human-machine communication. This framework rejects exclusive assignment of communicative roles (sender, message, channel, receiver) to traditionally held agents and instead focuses on evaluating agents according to their functions as a means for considering what roles are held in communication processes. As a first step in advancing this agent-agnostic perspective, this theoretical paper …
Opening Space For Theoretical, Methodological, And Empirical Issues In Human-Machine Communication, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards
Opening Space For Theoretical, Methodological, And Empirical Issues In Human-Machine Communication, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards
Human-Machine Communication
This journal offers a space dedicated to theorizing, researching empirically, and discussing human-machine communication (HMC), a new form of communication with digital interlocutors that has recently developed and has imposed the urgency to be analyzed and understood. There is the need to properly address the model of this specific communication as well as the roles, objectives, functions, experiences, practices, and identities of the interlocutors involved, both human and digital. Reading these seven articles is an advantageous intellectual exercise for entering this new field of research on Human-Machine Communication. The present volume contributes substantially both at theoretical and empirical levels by …
A Communication Ethics Response To “Communication Under Siege”, Jeanne M. Persuit
A Communication Ethics Response To “Communication Under Siege”, Jeanne M. Persuit
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Presented as a response to the keynote speaker at ICRC 2020, this essay considers the communication ethics implications to crisis communication informed by the work of philosopher Hannah Arendt and communication scholar Ronald C. Arnett.
Sorry Is Not Enough: Apology As A Crisis Management Tactic, Amiso M. George
Sorry Is Not Enough: Apology As A Crisis Management Tactic, Amiso M. George
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Public admissions of personal or professional misdeeds, followed by apologies by high profile individuals and organizations are strategies and tactics of image restoration when a reputation is damaged. Although the ritual of an apology is an expected societal norm sometimes, they can make matters worse. Apology is effective depending on the offense, the place, time, language, tone of apology and if the recipient of the apology is willing to accept it. Another important element is the cultural factor. Apology that does not adhere to perceived cultural norms may not be received positively; thereby worsening the crisis situation. In 2018 and …
Crisis Communication Strategies Of Police Organizations Subsequent Negative Public Perception And Media Framing, Alexia Knox
Crisis Communication Strategies Of Police Organizations Subsequent Negative Public Perception And Media Framing, Alexia Knox
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
This research task examines crisis communication strategies of police organizations acting as spokespersons, subsequent negative public perceptions of police organizations, while attempting to understand how external and some internal variables, particularly, human processes of emotions and behaviors of police officers, victims of violence and minority groups, might contribute to negative crisis outcomes, as described in the regenerative crisis model, as the crisis becomes more prevalent and persuasive through media framing.
Building Resilience For Stronger Communities, Barbara Gainey
Building Resilience For Stronger Communities, Barbara Gainey
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Much of the early research in crisis management and crisis communication centered on the core competencies of crisis response: why do we need to plan for crises; what are the stages of effective crisis planning; what theoretical perspectives are helpful to scholars and practitioners; and what are the steps of an up-to-date crisis plan. Delineation of these core competencies goes on. Among these competencies, the crisis stage meriting the least attention arguably is post-crisis, the critical days and weeks immediately following the formal resolution of the crisis. Research attention has often focused on recovery and learning, positioning the organization for …
Constituting Safety In Hunter’S Education: An Analysis Of Safety Messages In Texas Hunter’S Training Discourse, R. Tyler Spradley
Constituting Safety In Hunter’S Education: An Analysis Of Safety Messages In Texas Hunter’S Training Discourse, R. Tyler Spradley
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Risk communication includes safety messages to reduce the likelihood of hazard and increase the likelihood of reliability. Hunter’s education in the state of Texas uses safety messages to reduce fatal or injurious incidents and to promote a positive image of hunting as a safe, leisure sport. Analysis of Texas’ hunters education training materials and messages related to safety reveals that safety messages construct an image of hunters as practicing safety first, conservationists, ethical, law abiding, and other-oriented. Given Texas safety record, much is to be learned about safety messaging that adopts a positive or ideal image that the trainee identifies.
The Role Of Organizational Culture For Creating Understanding And Trust Through Internal Crisis Communication, Albena Björck, Petra Barthelmess
The Role Of Organizational Culture For Creating Understanding And Trust Through Internal Crisis Communication, Albena Björck, Petra Barthelmess
International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference
Understanding and trust are major goals of the internal communication in general. In a crisis situation with its inherent uncertainty and lack of time their importance is elevated to a new level. The crisis communication theory lacks a cultural contextualization and a long-standing tradition for including the influence of organizational culture. The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of corporate culture as a key factor for internal crisis communication and its effectiveness. It investigates how the visible and less visible levels of culture manifest themselves in the internal crisis communication practice and identifies organizational culture patterns that …
Mentoring Faculty And Bolstering Students’ Emotional And Cognitive Interest: The Impact Of Perceived Homophily In The College Classroom, Robert J. Sidelinger, Leeanne M. Bell Mcmanus
Mentoring Faculty And Bolstering Students’ Emotional And Cognitive Interest: The Impact Of Perceived Homophily In The College Classroom, Robert J. Sidelinger, Leeanne M. Bell Mcmanus
Journal of the Association for Communication Administration
For this study, expectancy violations theory was used to explore the associations among instructors’ inappropriate conversations, perceived homophily (similarity), and college students’ emotional and cognitive interest. Results found that students’ perceptions of instructor perceived homophily moderated the relationships between students’ reports of instructors’ enactment of inappropriate conversations and students’ emotional and cognitive interest. These results offer further understanding of the ways in which inappropriate conversations and perceived homophily affect perceptual outcomes in the college classroom, which can inform college faculty, administrators, and mentors. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.