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Articles 31 - 41 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Food Security
A Markov Decision Process Approach To Optimal Control Of A Multi-Level Hierarchical Manpower System, Akaninyene U. Udom
A Markov Decision Process Approach To Optimal Control Of A Multi-Level Hierarchical Manpower System, Akaninyene U. Udom
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
A recurrent problem in manpower control is how to attain the desired structural configuration in an optimal way, since it is possible to reach a desired structural configuration using different control inputs. The major aim of this paper is to develop a Markov Decision Process for optimal control of a Multi-level Hierarchical Manpower System (MHMS) by promotion and interdepartmental transfers. This is examined under control by intervention and contraction cost Markov Decision Process.
The Contribution Of Finance To Agricultural Production In Nigeria, O. M. Mbutor, R. E. Ochu, I. I. Okafor
The Contribution Of Finance To Agricultural Production In Nigeria, O. M. Mbutor, R. E. Ochu, I. I. Okafor
Economic and Financial Review
Several studies have found a positive correlation between agricultural financing and the performance of the agricultural sector. But fewer efforts have been directed at sieving out the agricultural output that is exclusively associated with the extent of funding. This study aimed to ascertain the actual portion of total agricultural output that could be attributed to agricultural financing in Nigeria. The vector error correction methodology was applied following the nature of data properties. The results showed a positive effect of finance on agricultural output. However, variance decomposition revealed the poor state of agricultural financing with a disproportionate dependence of the sector …
Contributions Of Financial Sector Reforms And Credit Supply To Nigerian Agricultural Sector (1978-2009), Anthony O. Onoja, M. E. Onu, S. Ajodo-Ohiemi
Contributions Of Financial Sector Reforms And Credit Supply To Nigerian Agricultural Sector (1978-2009), Anthony O. Onoja, M. E. Onu, S. Ajodo-Ohiemi
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This study analyzed the trends and pattern of institutional credit supply to agriculture during pre- and post-financial reforms along with their determinants. It then compared the effects of reform policies on access to institutional credits in Nigerian agricultural sector before and after the reforms (1978 - 1985; and 1986 -2009). Relying mainly on time series data from CBN and NBS, it used ordinary least squares method (linear, semi-log and double log) to model the determinants of banking sector lending to the agricultural sector during the review period. The models were subjected to several econometric tests before accepting one. Chow test …
Determinants Of Foreign Reserves In Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach, David Irefin, Baba N. Yaaba
Determinants Of Foreign Reserves In Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach, David Irefin, Baba N. Yaaba
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
On global scale, central banks’ holdings of foreign reserves have escalated sharply in recent years. World international reserves holdings have risen significantly from US$1.2 trillion in 1995 to nearly US$10.0 trillion in June 2011. Dominant among these reserves are concentrated in the hands of few countries. Ten major holders of foreign reserves are mostly from Asia. Oil exporting countries in Africa and the Middle East are not left out in this trend. Nigeria’s foreign reserves rose from US$5.5 billion in 1999 to US$62.40 billion in July 2008, making Nigeria the twenty-fourth largest reserves holder in the world. This pace of …
Effects Of Exchange Rate Movements On Economic Growth In Nigeria, Eme O. Akpan, Johnson A. Atan
Effects Of Exchange Rate Movements On Economic Growth In Nigeria, Eme O. Akpan, Johnson A. Atan
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This study investigates the effect of exchange rate movements on real output growth in Nigeria. Based on quarterly series for the period 1986 to 2010, the paper examines the possible direct and indirect relationship between exchange rates and GDP growth. The relationship is derived in two ways using a simultaneous equations model within a fully specified (but small) macroeconomic model. A Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) technique was explored. The estimation results suggest that there is no evidence of a strong direct relationship between changes in exchange rate and output growth. Rather, Nigeria’s economic growth has been directly affected by …
Exchange Rate Volatility In Nigeria: Consistency, Persistency & Severity Analyses, Babatunde Adeoye, Akinwande A. Atanda
Exchange Rate Volatility In Nigeria: Consistency, Persistency & Severity Analyses, Babatunde Adeoye, Akinwande A. Atanda
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
The adoption of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in 1986 resulted in the transition from fixed exchange rate regime to floating exchange rate regime in Nigeria. Ever since, the exchange rate of naira vis-à-vis the U.S dollar has attained varying rates all through different time horizons. On this basis, this study examines the consistency, persistency, and severity (degree) of volatility in exchange rate of Nigerian currency (naira) vis-a-vis the United State dollar using monthly time series data from 1986 to 2008. The standard Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) model was used to analyze the long-run consistency of …
Foreign Private Investment And Economic Growth In Nigeria: A Cointegrated Var And Granger Causality Analysis, F. Z. Abdullahi, S. Ladan, Haruna R. Bakari
Foreign Private Investment And Economic Growth In Nigeria: A Cointegrated Var And Granger Causality Analysis, F. Z. Abdullahi, S. Ladan, Haruna R. Bakari
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This research uses a cointegration VAR model to study the contemporaneous long-run dynamics of the impact of Foreign Private Investment (FPI), Interest Rate (INR) and Inflation rate (IFR) on Growth Domestic Products (GDP) in Nigeria for the period January 1970 to December 2009. The Unit Root Test suggests that all the variables are integrated of order 1. The VAR model was appropriately identified using AIC information criteria and the VECM model has exactly one cointegration relation. The study further investigates the causal relationship using the Granger causality analysis of VECM which indicates a uni-directional causality relationship between GDP and FDI …
Banking Sector Credit And Economic Growth In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, Aniekan O. Akpansung, Sikiru J. Babalola
Banking Sector Credit And Economic Growth In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, Aniekan O. Akpansung, Sikiru J. Babalola
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
The paper examines the relationship between banking sector credit and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1970-2008. The causal links between the pairs of variables of interest were established using Granger causality test while a Two-Stage Least Squares (TSLS) estimation technique was used for the regression models. The results of Granger causality test show evidence of unidirectional causal relationship from GDP to private sector credit (PSC) and from industrial production index (IND) to GDP. Estimated regression models indicate that private sector credit impacts positively on economic growth over the period of coverage in this study. However, lending (interest) rate …
An Assessment Of The Operations Of The Presidential Initiatives On Agriculture In Nigeria: 2001-2007, C.M. Anyanwu, B. A. G. Amoo, L. I. Odey, O. M. Adebayo
An Assessment Of The Operations Of The Presidential Initiatives On Agriculture In Nigeria: 2001-2007, C.M. Anyanwu, B. A. G. Amoo, L. I. Odey, O. M. Adebayo
CBN Occasional Papers
This paper attempts to assess the Operations of the Presidential Initiatives on Agriculture in Nigeria: 2001-2007 necessitated due to a decline in the performance of the agricultural sector during the oil boom. Particular attention is given to four major programmes i.e. vegetable oils, rice, cassava and tropical fruits which appraise the milestones that have been covered, vis-a-vis the objectives and targets set for each initiative. Adopting the survey method, the primary and secondary data sources were used. Findings from the study revealed that the Vegetable Oil Development Programme (VODEP) made significant progress with an increase in total vegetable oil production …
A Comparative Review Of The Major Options For The Marketing Of Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities, M. O. Ojo, E. E. Inang, E. U. Ukeje
A Comparative Review Of The Major Options For The Marketing Of Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities, M. O. Ojo, E. E. Inang, E. U. Ukeje
CBN Occasional Papers
The main aim of the paper is to critically review past commodity marketing systems in Nigeria, highlight some of the weaknesses which constrained their efficiency, as well as assess the performance of the present system and determine the advisability of retaining or modifying the present marketing arrangement. The performance of the Commodity Boards before their abolition in 1986 was adjudged unsatisfactory. However, since the abolition of the Boards, it has been observed that the new produce marketing arrangement has introduced some dynamism into commodity pricing as produce prices for the first time have been determined by the combined forces of …
The Role Of Agriculture In The Nigerian Economy, A. O.G. Otiti
The Role Of Agriculture In The Nigerian Economy, A. O.G. Otiti
Bullion
Agriculture was the mainstay of the Nigerian economy before the so-called oil boom which has brought about a rapid decline in agricultural production, virtual stagnation in the rural economy, marked movement of population from the rural to urban centres and high cost of food items. The article examines some recent developments in the agricultural sector of the Nigerian economy. It also discusses some of the role of Central Bank of Nigeria in promoting agriculture through adequate funding.