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Articles 931 - 960 of 1290

Full-Text Articles in Agricultural and Resource Economics

Will Rise Of New Diets Raze Old Pyramid?, Zachary Hunnicutt, Darrell R. Mark Jul 2004

Will Rise Of New Diets Raze Old Pyramid?, Zachary Hunnicutt, Darrell R. Mark

Cornhusker Economics

The United States Department ofAgriculture (USDA) Food Guide Pyramid was promoted in its 1992 launch as a more detailed, yet easier to understand, system of guidelines and recommendations for daily food consumption. Although widely recognized by much of the American public, it has also been the source of considerable confusion. Recommended intakes are given by "servings," a unit that many interpret as the amount consumed in one sitting. This misunderstanding is cleared up only through thorough investigationthat entails locating information not available on the simple pyramid. Further, many have raised concerns that the placementof"fats, oils and sweets" at the top …

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Conservation Compliance On Highly Erodible Lands, Konstantinos Giannakas Jul 2004

Conservation Compliance On Highly Erodible Lands, Konstantinos Giannakas

Cornhusker Economics

The 1985 Food Security Act linked farm program payments to the conservation ofsoil throughout the United States by tying producer eligibility for commodityprogram payments to the adoption of certain on-farm resource conservation activities on highly erodible lands (HEL). By requiring producers who receive government payments to adopt conservation practices on HEL, this policy (HEL policy, hereafter) seeks to address the inconsistency between commodityprograms that increase production and environmental programs designed to decrease environmental problems from expanded production.l

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Areawide Ipm Project Under Way To Assist Nebraska Wheat Growers, Paul Burgener Jul 2004

Areawide Ipm Project Under Way To Assist Nebraska Wheat Growers, Paul Burgener

Cornhusker Economics

Areawide wheat Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a program of the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). To implement the program, the USDA-ARS established cooperative agreements with research and extension professionals from five universities: Colorado State University, Kansas State University, Oklahoma State University, Texas A&M University and the University of Nebraska. The four-year implementation phase of this program began in the fall of 2002. The main theme of the program is to collaborate with growers of dryland winter wheat to evaluate and demonstrate non-chemical pest management techniques, with particular emphasis on the management of the Russian …

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Regulating Tributary Wells In The Republican River Basin, J. David Aiken Jul 2004

Regulating Tributary Wells In The Republican River Basin, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

On December 16, 2002 Nebraska, Kansas and Colorado settled the Republican River Compact lawsuit. The settlement allowed each state to use the same amount of water as was originally established in the 1943 compact. However, the settlement requires Nebraska to treat “tributary” wells, i.e. wells the pumping of which affects the river’s flow, as part of Nebraska’s compact water use. Further, regulation of these tributary wells will be required in dry years to insure that Kansas receives the water to which it is entitled. It is important to note that the settlement does not use the term “tributary wells.” Instead …

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Effects Of Joint Product Management Strategies On E. Coli 0157:H7 And Feedlot Profits, Wiliam R. Perry, Thomas Marsh, Rodney Jones, M. W. Sanderson, J. M. Sargeant, Dicky D. Griffin, R. A. Smith Jul 2004

Effects Of Joint Product Management Strategies On E. Coli 0157:H7 And Feedlot Profits, Wiliam R. Perry, Thomas Marsh, Rodney Jones, M. W. Sanderson, J. M. Sargeant, Dicky D. Griffin, R. A. Smith

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 on feedlot profits. Fecal samples from 711 feedlot pens in 73 feedlots in Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas were tested for E. coli 0157:H7. Average daily gain and feed-to-gain ratios were computed for each feedlot pen, and managers from each feedlot provided information on various feedlot management practices. Cattle performance and E. coli 0157:H7 prevalence are both affected by feedlot management practices. The indirect effect of E. coli 0157:H7 on potential feedlot profits was determined by measuring the effects of management practices on E. coli 0157:H7 …

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Selected Demographics Of Western Nebraska Cow-Calf Producers, Richard T. Clark, Roger K. Wilson Jun 2004

Selected Demographics Of Western Nebraska Cow-Calf Producers, Richard T. Clark, Roger K. Wilson

Cornhusker Economics

A recent survey of cow-calf producers in thirtyseven Western Nebraska counties inquired about cowcalf management practices and demographic characteristics of the respondents. Usable questionnaires were returned by 315 producers. Respondents categorized themselves as living either in the Panhandle (PH), Southwest (SW), Sandhills (SH) or ‘CKB’ areas of Western Nebraska. The ‘CKB’ area included producers who lived in Custer, Keya Paha or Boyd counties. For some questions the responses from some areas were too few to report separately, so areas were aggregated for reporting purposes. The survey sample was stratified by herd size measured as number of beef cows. The Nebraska …

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2004 Nebraska Custom Rates, Part I, H. Douglas Jose, Lydee Jo Brown Jun 2004

2004 Nebraska Custom Rates, Part I, H. Douglas Jose, Lydee Jo Brown

Cornhusker Economics

The reports for Parts I and II of the 2004 Survey of Custom Rates in Nebraska have gone to press and will soon be available in printed and electronic form. The 2004 reports should be available online by early July, and the website address for the publications is http//:agecon.unl.edu/pub/misc.html and then click on “2004 Farm Custom Rates.” Part I covers spring operations, hay harvesting, small grain harvest, tractor rental and custom framing contracts. Part II covers fall operations including harvesting of corn, soybeans and other crops and silage operations.

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The Growing Concentration Of Nebraska Agricultural Production, Bruce B. Johnson Jun 2004

The Growing Concentration Of Nebraska Agricultural Production, Bruce B. Johnson

Cornhusker Economics

With the June 2, 2004 release of final numbers of the 2002 Agricultural Census, we gain a new benchmark of production agriculture and the trends underway.1 While there are many interesting aspects to observe, one of the most striking features is the magnitude of the production concentrated among the larger production units, and the momentum of this trend over time. Nebraska is not a state of some 49,000 farms of similar size and function, but rather one of farm size extremes.

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Management Of Hydrologically Connected Surface Water And Groundwater In Nebraska, J. David Aiken Jun 2004

Management Of Hydrologically Connected Surface Water And Groundwater In Nebraska, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

On April 13, 2004 the Nebraska Legislature adopted LB962, one of the most far-reaching water laws in the state’s history. Governor Johanns signed LB962 into law on April 15, 2004. LB962 is based upon the December 2003 recommendations of the Nebraska Water Policy Task Force, and builds upon 1996 integrated water management legislation (LB108). This newsletter traces the development of integrated water management policies in Nebraska and how they are affected by LB962.

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Nebraska’S Informal Economy, Marilyn R. Schlake Jun 2004

Nebraska’S Informal Economy, Marilyn R. Schlake

Cornhusker Economics

Any measurement of Nebraska’s informal economy is questionable at best, given the nature of the businesses that comprise this economic segment. Economists estimate the size of the nations informal economy as a percentage of the GNP to range from 4.4 percent to 27 percent, with most estimates falling around 10 percent. If this figure holds true for Nebraska, we can measure Nebraska’s informal economy to be $5.6 million or 10 percent of Nebraska’s 2001 Gross State Product of $56,967 million.

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Nebraska Feedyard Labor Cost Benchmarks And Historical Trends, Rik R. Smith, Darrell R. Mark Jun 2004

Nebraska Feedyard Labor Cost Benchmarks And Historical Trends, Rik R. Smith, Darrell R. Mark

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Cattle feedyards in Nebraska were surveyed in April 2004 to determine costs of labor for various production and administrative employees. Fifty-nine feedyards, with an average size of 9,473 head, provided levels of salaries, benefits and bonuses paid to their employees, and the number of employees in several job-function categories. Results of the survey indicate that the average total compensation (salary, benefits, and bonuses) for feedyard managers was more than $66,000 per year, but it varied substantially by feedyard size. Total compensation to other supervisor categories of labor, including assistant manager, yard foreman, mill foreman, and maintenance foreman, averaged in the …

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The Hog Market, Allen Prosch May 2004

The Hog Market, Allen Prosch

Cornhusker Economics

Pork producers have the opportunity to have a very profitable year, even through the summer of 2005. Using the Lean Hog Futures Contract and the futures contracts for corn and soybean meal, all adjusted for basis, the average margin per hog improved from mid- April and mid-May by $4.75 per head. To be sure, the volatility in feed and hog markets makes for sizable swings in margins. The change of $4.75 per hog amounted to a 33 percent increase in margin in a 30 day period.

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Exporting Is Not Just For Big Business, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel May 2004

Exporting Is Not Just For Big Business, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel

Cornhusker Economics

According to Susan Rouch, Director of International Trade and Investment for the Nebraska Department of Economic Development, 30 percent of Nebraska’s small businesses export their goods to another country. Being an exporter is no longer just for big business.

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U.S. Supreme Court Rejects Amendment E Appeal, J. David Aiken May 2004

U.S. Supreme Court Rejects Amendment E Appeal, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

On August 19, 2003 the Eighth Circuit Federal Court of Appeals ruled that South Dakota’s constitutional “Amendment E” restricting corporate farming violated the Interstate Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution. South Dakota Farm Bureau v Hazeltine, 340 F3d 583 (8CA 2003). On May 3, 2004 the U.S. Supreme Court rejected the State of South Dakota’s appeal of the Hazeltine ruling. Because Amendment E is similar to Nebraska’s Initiative 300 (I300), the Supreme Court decision allowing the Hazeltine decision to stand suggests that I300 may be vulnerable to a similar legal challenge.

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2003 Nebraska Farm Business, Inc. Averages, Tina N. Barrett May 2004

2003 Nebraska Farm Business, Inc. Averages, Tina N. Barrett

Cornhusker Economics

The 2003 Nebraska Farm Business, Inc. Averages have recently been released to the press and will shortly be available in printed form. Each year individual analysis of farming operations are combined together to form our average data. Each individual participant receives a complete financial analysis with an accrual net farm income, an earned net worth change, the sweet sixteen financial ratios and some get to breakeven costs of production.

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The Changing Structure Of Nebraska Farms, Glenn A. Helmers Apr 2004

The Changing Structure Of Nebraska Farms, Glenn A. Helmers

Cornhusker Economics

Preliminary data from the 2002 Census of Agriculture presents increasing evidence that very small farms are becoming a greater proportion of Nebraska farms. This phenomenon has been observed over the past few decades, but the 2002 numbers underscore it.

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How Competitive Is Irrigated Corn?, Roger Selley, Tina N. Barrett Apr 2004

How Competitive Is Irrigated Corn?, Roger Selley, Tina N. Barrett

Cornhusker Economics

Many dryland corn producers were reminded again in 2003 of the risks of depending upon rainfall. Irrigation substantially reduces yield risk particularly in Western Nebraska. But irrigation also adds to production costs, and increasing costs per bushel can have its own risks in periods of low prices.

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Hog Markets Live Hog Prices At Risk, Allen Prosch Apr 2004

Hog Markets Live Hog Prices At Risk, Allen Prosch

Cornhusker Economics

Live hog prices are very strong when compared to current hog supply. Supplies for the week ending April 10, 2004 were up 2.2 percent over the previous week, and 3.9 percent over the corresponding week in 2003. The national net carcass price was down -3.9 percent week over week, but up 23.4 percent over 2003. Monday’s (April 12, 2004) cash quotes in the mid-west ranged from up $2.00 in Peoria to up $1.50 in Sioux Falls. Average for cash quotes was up about $1.00.

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Acreages May Affect Future Cash Prices, Lynn Lutgen Apr 2004

Acreages May Affect Future Cash Prices, Lynn Lutgen

Cornhusker Economics

The area in the United States planted to corn in 2004 is estimated at 79.0 million acres. This is a slight increase from 2003. This trend is up from last year due to growers hoping to take advantage of increasing prices in the Corn Belt. In areas such as the Southeast and Southern Great Plains the number of acres planted to corn is decreasing, while soybeans and cotton are becoming more common because of favorable prices. Nebraska corn growers are expected to plant 8 million acres of corn in 2004, down slightly from previous years.

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National Animal Identification, Darrell R. Mark Mar 2004

National Animal Identification, Darrell R. Mark

Cornhusker Economics

Animal identification on a group or individual head basis is increasingly being discussed by animal agriculture producers, allied industry associations and governmental officials. While efforts to initiate a national animal identification system date back several years, recent concerns over animal diseases (e.g., foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza and bovine spongiform encephalopathy) and animal terrorism have greatly accelerated plans in the past year. Serving as the general guideline for the national identification plan is the U.S. Animal Identification Plan (USAIP) developed by an industry, state and federal partnership.

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Cattle Market Volatility, Dillon Feuz Mar 2004

Cattle Market Volatility, Dillon Feuz

Cornhusker Economics

It seems to me that the fed cattle market has become more volatile since BSE was discovered in North America last May. Is this the case? Have prices for box beef and for feeder cattle become more volatile? Doing some quick analysis to see if in fact this was true, I looked at week to week changes in the USDA reported Choice Box Beef Cutout Value, the price of fed cattle in Nebraska on a live weight basis and the price of 750 pound steers in Nebraska.

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Nebraska’S Ag Real Estate Market Heats Up, Bruce B. Johnson Mar 2004

Nebraska’S Ag Real Estate Market Heats Up, Bruce B. Johnson

Cornhusker Economics

“Bullish” conditions in the state’s agricultural land markets have fueled robust advances in both land values and cash rental rates for most of the state. A combination of favorable factors, including higher crop and livestock prices, low interest rates, and strong demand from both farmers and non-farmer investors has led to solid advances.

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Dairy Economics In 2004, H. Douglas Jose, Rick Kment Mar 2004

Dairy Economics In 2004, H. Douglas Jose, Rick Kment

Cornhusker Economics

After more than two years of overall depressed milk prices, there is a brighter light on the horizon for dairy producers. September Class III milk futures closed at $15.69 on March 5. The February Class III price of $11.89 is the highest February price since 1998. The graph on the next page shows the current futures projections for 2004 compared to the Class III price for the last two years. It shows prices averaging more than $4 per cwt. higher than 2003 over the next 5 to 6 months.

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Regional And Multilateral Trade Negotiations, E. Wesley F. Peterson Mar 2004

Regional And Multilateral Trade Negotiations, E. Wesley F. Peterson

Cornhusker Economics

In 2002, The U.S. Congress passed legislation giving the executive branch of the government authorization to participate in international trade negotiations. Trade Promotion Authority (previously known as “Fast Track Negotiating Authority”) stipulates that ratification of trade agreements negotiated by the office of the U.S. Trade Representative will be voted either up or down with no amendments by Congress which, under the U.S. Constitution, is the body empowered to enter into foreign treaties and agreements. Trade Promotion Authority was allowed to lapse in 1994 after completion of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Uruguay Round Agreement of the …

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An Examination Of Brain Drain In Nebraska Counties And Communities: Retention Of The Population Cohort Age 10-19 Years Of Age In 1980 Through 2000, John C. Allen, Randolph L. Cantrell Feb 2004

An Examination Of Brain Drain In Nebraska Counties And Communities: Retention Of The Population Cohort Age 10-19 Years Of Age In 1980 Through 2000, John C. Allen, Randolph L. Cantrell

Cornhusker Economics

The release of the U.S. Census as well as Agricultural Census has recently been a time of anxiety for many policy makers and rural residents. The continued decline in rural population and in farm and ranch operators poses some serious questions about the demographic future of rural Nebraska. One way to gain a deeper understanding of how changes in population structure may affect Nebraska is to examine census data using a cohort methodology. By tracking a cohort of population over time we begin to understand how the structure is changing at a county and place (community) level.

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The Lb775 Tax Incentive Program, Richard K. Perrin Feb 2004

The Lb775 Tax Incentive Program, Richard K. Perrin

Cornhusker Economics

Passed by the Nebraska Unicameral in 1987, LB775 is a bill that was triggered by pressure to keep ConAgra from leaving the state. It offers income tax credits, sales tax refunds and property tax exemptions to companies who make investments that meet minimum levels of investment and employment. Such projects must be approved in advance by the State Department of Revenue.

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Considering Crop Revenue Insurance Alternatives, Roger Selley, H. Douglas Jose Feb 2004

Considering Crop Revenue Insurance Alternatives, Roger Selley, H. Douglas Jose

Cornhusker Economics

Revenue Assurance (RA) is a multi-peril crop revenue insurance program that will be offered for the first time in Nebraska in 2004. RA has been available in some other states for several years. Crop Revenue Coverage, another multi-peril crop revenue insurance program, continues to be available in Nebraska for corn, soybeans, grain sorghum and wheat. RA is not available for grain sorghum. RA has subsidized premiums similar to the CRC. One of the unique features of RA is the Whole Farm Unit option which offers significant premium discounts.

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Ask Cafio: A Medium For Interactive Cyberreach, Azzeddine Azzam Feb 2004

Ask Cafio: A Medium For Interactive Cyberreach, Azzeddine Azzam

Cornhusker Economics

The Center for Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization (CAFIO) has recently launched a program in Interactive CyberReach. Named “ASK CAFIO” and sponsored by a small grant from the Nebraska Rural Initiative, the program’s objective is to provide two-way communication between academic researchers and the public. Researchers provide research-based answers to questions about the economics of competition in the agricultural and food marketing chain, and in return receive feedback from the public about important and potentially researchable issues. The targeted users are journalists, policy makers, farmers and ranchers, business people, students and anybody with access to the World Wide Web who …

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Nebraska Farm Real Estate Market Developments 2003-2004, Bruce B. Johnson, Raymond J. Supalla, Aaron Raymond Feb 2004

Nebraska Farm Real Estate Market Developments 2003-2004, Bruce B. Johnson, Raymond J. Supalla, Aaron Raymond

Nebraska Farm Real Estate Reports

Nebraska’s agricultural land values moved sharply upward across the state during 2003 and into 2004, recording an average gain of 9.2 percent for the 12 months ending February 1, 2004. This average increase was the largest annual percentage gain in 14 years. And it followed on several years of fairly stable land values. Virtually all land classes showed gains, and in all areas of the state–even in areas of serious multi-year drought, where previous-year value declines had occurred. The highest-priced land in the state is now center pivot irrigated cropland in Eastern Nebraska as the market preference for this irrigated …

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California Irrigation Water Restrictions For Endangered Species Protection Held To Be Unconstitutional, J. David Aiken Jan 2004

California Irrigation Water Restrictions For Endangered Species Protection Held To Be Unconstitutional, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

It finally happened. For the first time, a court has held that restrictions imposed under the Endangered Species Act constituted a Fifth Amendment taking of Property. So begins a 2002 law review article [Benson, “Tulare, ESA and the Fifth Amendment,” 32 Env L 551] analyzing Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage Dist v US, 49 Fed Cl 313 (2001). In Tulare, the U.S. Court of Claims ruled for the first time that the federal government was required to pay irrigators for water they did not receive due to endangered species habitat requirements. In December 2003 the same court ruled that the …

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