Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Expanded Child Tax Credit Payments Have Not Reduced Employment, Stephen Roll, Leah Hamilton, Yung Chun

Social Policy Institute Research

Approximately 60 million American children living in 35 million households are now receiving monthly payments from the federal government as part of the temporary Child Tax Credit (CTC) expansion. Recently, a debate has emerged over whether or not the expanded CTC will cause parents to leave the workforce. On one side of the debate, a large number of economists have argued that the CTC will not cause a reduction in employment. However, a recent study used a simulation approach to estimate that 2.6% of parents will exit the labor force as a result of the CTC.

The reports below address …

Supporting Immigrant Information Needs When The Library Is Closed: A Case For Web-Based Newcomer Orientations, Corey J. Allender

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Supporting Immigrant Information Needs When the Library is Closed: A Case for Web-Based Newcomer Orientations

In the United States, immigrant communities have been hit especially hard by the economic, occupational, and social fallout that resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic. With libraries, government offices, and community centers closed, immigrants were left with far fewer options to satisfy their information needs during their initial adjustment to life in the United States.

In the early states of cultural adjustment, many newcomers face anxiety-inducing barriers that discourage interaction with libraries; as such, they often rely heavily on social networks for information (Wang et al., …

Public Information: Barrier Or Bridge?, Marie E. Eiriksson

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

A visit to a public space like a library is a journey through different professional spheres and domains. Your success might be defined by both the cityscape, the public transport system, the building itself as well as the staff and services offered at the library. All areas that are formed and described in different ways by public or private actors. Each step of the way may or may not be accessible and knowing how to avoid the gaps might mean the difference between success or failure.

For persons with disabilities, the access to useful and reliable information can be defining …

Third Place Libraries As A Space For Intercultural Participation: A Dynamic Learning Model For Creating Culturally Safe Environments, Marie D. Martel, Bob White

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

One of the main sources for re-conceptualizing the model of libraries, especially public libraries, as third places remains Robert Putnam in Better Together (2005) based on his work in Chicago Public Libraries, which he described as the "New Third Places". But what was new here when Putnam spoke of these "New Third Places"? He was then referring to the new context of diversity, and even super-diversity (Vertovec 2007), characteristic of our current societies. According to Putnam, the library as this "New Third Place" appears as a response to this problem of social distance and unease because it has this capacity …

Fostering Equity, Diversity, And Inclusion By Adopting Universal Design For Learning Principles In Academic Libraries, Stefanie Havelka, Rebecca Arzola

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Academic librarians support the Ethical Code of Conduct and have always embraced students and patrons with various abilities. This paper draws together research on Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and showcases practical guidelines for academic library services. Since UDL is such a multifaceted framework, this article will not address all areas academic libraries can adopt it into their work practice. Instead, it will focus on the “traditional triad of public services: access, reference, and instruction.” (Coleman, Mallon, & Lo, 2015, p. 674)

The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework explores accessibility, assistive technology, attitudinal barriers, collaboration, equity, and proactively adjusting …

Cultivating Innovation In African Public Libraries, Ramune Petuchovaite, Ugne Lipeikaite

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

To overcome daily challenges, many public libraries in developing and transition economy countries are using innovative approaches to deliver modern library services to meet user needs. Professional interaction between public librarians in the Global North and the Global South is relatively rare, and so the richness of experiences and innovative practices in the Global South often stays out of the sight of the international networks. Research on public library practices in lower resource countries is also scarce.

In 2010, the EIFL Public Library Innovation Programme (EIFL-PLIP) commissioned a major study into perceptions of public libraries in Africa, and found that …

Postdigital Librarianship, Michael Paulus

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic was an apocalyptic event. It was apocalyptic in the popular sense of the word, in that the pandemic was a sudden and global catastrophe. But the pandemic was also apocalyptic in a more literal sense, as an uncovering of deeper realities.[1] The pandemic quickly became an infodemic; it exposed and exacerbated systemic racial, economic, and other inequities; and it revealed the problems and potential of emerging technologies. Before the pandemic, it was already clear to many that it was past time “to reimagine what is possible.”[2] Now, as we emerge from the pandemic, there is …

Libraries As Pluralistic Public Spheres: Acknowledging Conflict To Promote Democratic Discourse, Lisa Engström

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

In library policies and library and information studies Habermas concept of public sphere is often used to highlight the public library as a place promoting democracy and inclusion by enabling interpersonal meetings between people with different lifestyles and background. Libraries are then conceived as accessible to all bridging social, economic, and cultural gaps, and promoting a perception of shared values between users (Aabø et al. 2010). I argue that vulnerable and excluded groups thereby may be hindered to form their own identity and to make their voices heard.

Accessibility and participation are core concepts when analysing libraries democratic potential. However, …

Peer Learning Experience To Grow Public Library Innovation: The Initiative For Young African Library Innovators, Ramune Petuchovaite, Ugne Lipeikaite

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

In 2014/15, we commissioned research into how and why public libraries innovate, and what encourages take-up of innovative practices by public libraries in developing countries. One of the main findings was that peer-to-peer activities are essential for public library innovation. Besides facilitating learning and ideas exchange, they create a platform for mutual support, when initiating a new service. Library visits, in which librarians can see innovative services 'in situ', and events like workshops and other training, and conferences, where they mingle and exchange practical experiences, and work together on projects, are effective channels for inspiring innovation (Femenía, A. M. G., …

Minimizing Harm While Maximizing Engagement: Using Identity Affinity Groups To Engage With Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Topics In Lis Courses, Sarah De La Rosa, Aaron Elkins, Tulip Majumdar, Vikki Orepitan, Rachel Simons, Andrew Vierkant

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

While diversity in the LIS field has made some progress during the last two decades (Kung et al., 2020), the whiteness of the discipline remains a problem (Brown et al., 2018) for patrons and practitioners. One way to address LIS’s whiteness problem is to better prepare pre-service librarians to effectively and respectfully engage with diverse communities (Jaeger et al., 2013) and LIS professionals of color (Mehra, 2020). However, the field still has progress to make in how it discusses diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ) issues within LIS curricula (Pawley, 2006). Centering DEIJ topics with a humble and self-critical approach …

Eight Basic Literacies For Librarians: A New Normal Agenda For Librarianship Education, Lorri Mon

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Proposal Abstract: A New Normal Agenda in a COVID-Affected World

During the COVID-19 pandemic, libraries became a vital community support hub for information and broadband access. In March 2020 as K-12 schools and universities shifted to all-online classes, librarians taught people to use technologies, provided wireless hubs for classes and homework to those lacking home broadband digital access, and offered distance education test proctoring as well as online books, articles and databases. People sought information about sewing masks and making homemade hand sanitizer, and some library makerspaces 3-D printed face shields. Libraries partnered in health efforts to distribute free masks, …

Managing Without Capitalism: Transforming Library Leadership In Service Of Anti-Racism, Inclusion, And Equity, Heather Slania

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Library leaders at all levels are grappling with addressing institutional racism. Despite years of diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) interventions and a recognition of the overwhelming whiteness of libraries, the profession is not a better or safer place for library workers of color, people from other marginalized communities, or anyone who has had to endure the normalized toxic library work environment.

Leaders are stuck and previous interventions have failed primarily due to two factors:

• Modern libraries (and the institutions that hold them) were constructed as tools of white supremacy.

• Library leadership and management concepts/practices are rooted in capitalism.

Numerous …

Moving Beyond World Music: An Exploration Of Non-Western Music Cataloging Practices In Higher Education And Where To Go From Here, Alastair L. Canavan

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

The term “world music” has been used for decades as a catchall genre to describe any form of music outside of Western classical. As a byproduct of the eurocentrism pervasive throughout academia, its use furthers a bubble that others or ignores Non-Western cultures and their music. By examining the public-facing catalogs of 13 university libraries across 10 different countries to determine to what extent Non-Western music is included in their collections, how it is cataloged, and if the term “world music” is used to do so, the specific cataloging practices and norms that perpetuate a bias toward Western classical music …

Public Sphere Institutions Or Safe Spaces — Can Libraries Be Both?, Kira M. Del Mar

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Public libraries have often been viewed as integral parts of the Habermasian public sphere and arenas for democratic dialogue. At the same time, they are also frequently declared safe spaces for marginalized groups, almost as a given. Situated in the specific context of Norwegian public libraries and with a focus on LGBTQIA+ users, I will examine tensions between these two theoretical approaches to the public library space.

Visibility across differences is a common thread running through the Nordic literature on libraries and the public sphere. Ragnar Audunson writes, for example, that libraries are low-intensive meeting places “with a potential of …

Testing The Efficacy Of Leadership For Empowerment And Abuse Prevention (Leap), A Healthy Relationship Training Intervention For People With Intellectual Disability, Parthenia Dinora, Seb Prohn, Elizabeth P. Cramer, Molly Dellinger-Wray, Caitlin Mayton, Allison D'Aguiliar

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Leadership for Empowerment and Abuse Prevention (LEAP) is an abuse prevention intervention for people with intellectual disability. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the intervention’s efficacy. Findings indicated no significant differences in scenario identification questions depicting acceptable or concerning situations. However, statistically significant improvements were noted in participants’ depth of understanding, including their ability to correctly describe why a scenario was abusive or exploitative and what to do next when confronted with unhealthy situations. Limitations and implications for practice are discussed.

Testing A Wellness Indicators Measure For People With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Matthew Bogenschutz, Michael Broda, Sarah Lineberry, Parthenia Dinora, Seb Prohn

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Background and Purpose: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often have health and wellness issues that are not as good as people without disabilities. States are required to monitor health and wellness for people with IDD who use many disability services. However, there are few ways to monitor wellness between states or at different points in time. In this study, we share a new model that states may use to monitor wellness of people with IDD.

Methods: We used data from a survey called the National Core Indicators (NCI) to develop this model. First, we developed the model using …

Promoting Inclusion Of Adults With Disabilities In Local Fitness Programs: A Needs Assessment, Samantha M. Ross, Bridgette Schram, Kathleen Mccarty, Nicole Fiscella, Willie Chun Wai Leung, Kayla Lindland

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Fit-Pals* is a university-based, service-learning program with a mission to prepare adults with disabilities to engage in lifelong physical activity. We conducted a Needs Assessment to evaluate recent programmatic partnerships with community-based fitness organizations. We aimed to (1) evaluate organizational perceptions of Fit-Pals’ partnership efforts, and (2) identify perceived organizational needs to improve inclusion practices. Representatives from each of our seven partner organizations participated in an online-survey, follow-up interviews, and a stakeholder meeting. A thematic analysis of survey and interview responses highlighted areas for programmatic growth related to training in disability awareness and fitness accommodations, and improved communication across all …

College Students’ Knowledge Of And Openness To Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Louis W. Turchetta, Valerie Ryan

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

College students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face challenges due to limited understanding of this condition. This study investigates college students' awareness of and openness to peers with ASD using an educational intervention. Data were analyzed via a pre–post survey design with two groups.

Factorial analysis of variance showed no significant differences between groups. However, a Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed significant differences in the treatment group’s ranks on the openness scale and knowledge scale between pre- and post-intervention surveys. Findings yielded small (openness) and large effect sizes (knowledge) as expected. Brief educational interventions in required courses can thus potentially enhance …

Community Conversations: Finding Solutions To Increase Employment For Individuals With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, James Sinclair, Kyle Reardon, Katherine W. Bromley, Christen Knowles, Dana Cohen Lissman, Megan Kunze

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

This study describes the implementation and findings of a pilot community conversations event in the state of Oregon to identify innovative solutions to under- and unemployment experienced by individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The event was facilitated in partnership with the University of Oregon UCEDD, local Arc chapter, and other relevant community stakeholders. A total of 36 diverse individuals (e.g., school personnel, business owners, individuals with IDD, and caregivers of individuals with IDD) participated in a two-hour community conversations event about how to improve employment opportunities for those experiencing IDD. Participants engaged in discussions about solutions to employment …

Parents’ Beliefs Regarding Shared Reading With Infants And Toddlers, Emma Brezel Mbe, Libby Hallas-Muchow Ms, Alefyah Shipchandler, Jennifer Hall-Lande Phd, Lp, Karen Bonuck Phd

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Parent beliefs about reading to young children- and factors related to such beliefs- affect a child’s reading skill. But, little is known about parent beliefs about reading to infants and toddlers. To fill this gap, three University Centers of Excellence in Developmental Disabilities (UCEDDs) studied 43 English and Spanish speaking parents of children aged 9-18 months. The three UCEDDs were working on a project to create a children’s book that had tips for parents about how their one year-old learns and grows. The UCEDD study survey asked about parent beliefs about reading to young children (4 questions) and factors related …

Daily Life Experiences Of Families Of People With Disabilities During Covid-19 Pandemic, Evan E. Dean, Karrie A. Shogren, Courtney Sanchez, Sean Swindler

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Background. For people with IDD and their families, COVID-19 has introduced additional challenges including significant disruptions to daily life and increased risk in accessing services and supports. Understanding how families are adapting and navigating through the crisis is critical both to inform ongoing supports as the pandemic continues and beyond as there will likely be ongoing changes in service and support delivery both directly and indirectly related to COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to survey families in one Midwest state in the U.S. to document experiences during COVID-19 with a focus on understanding how families are navigating current …

Advance Care Planning Within Individualized Care Plans: A Component Of Emergency Preparedness, Heather L. Church, Christina Marsack-Topolewski, Jacqueline M. Mcginley, Victoria Knoke

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Federally-legislated Medicaid requirements for recipients with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) to have a person-centered plan (PCP) do not specifically require that advanced care plans (ACP) be a component of the plan. However, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has provided a salient reminder of the importance of incorporating ACP within the PCP for people who have IDD. As demonstrated by situations arising from COVID-19, emergencies and crises can dramatically alter access to care for people with IDD. This paper synthesizes results from an environmental scan related to ACP for adults with IDD. Findings suggest that the use of ACP, particularly when …

Building Bridges: The Role Of The Relational Librarian, Sunniva Evjen

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Building bridges: the role of the relational librarian

The link between interpersonal trust, participation, social capital and democracy is evident through scholarly work in different research areas (see for example Sullivan & Transue 1999). These concepts are also relevant to discuss in relation to “improved communities”, not least in connection to the recent “social turn” of public libraries, which encompasses an understanding of the library as “a locus and an enabler of social processes in the interpersonal sense” (Nolin & Söderholm 2015). Both public library practice and research has sought to discover how libraries contribute to community-building activities, which in …

Libraries Advancing Social Justice And Improving The Health Care Of The Lgbtqai+ Communities, Kayo Denda, Daniel Delmonaco, Victoria Wagner

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

LGBTQAI+ communities have faced discrimination in health care due to inadequate medical care, unfair health insurance policies and entrenched prejudice. To remedy this situation, many medical schools and hospitals have created co-curricular interventions, such as events and programs and new staff positions to address this issue. This librarian-led collaboration challenges and advances the discussion on comprehensive LGBTQAI+ health care and promotes deeper understanding of LGBTQAI+ communities by transforming health professionals’ cultural competency and compassionate health care practices towards equity and social justice.

This project – Babs Siperstein Humanities and Medicine Series - was born when the faculty affiliated with the …

Progressive Librarianship In “Red” America, Bill Crowley

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

Progressive Librarianship in “Red” America

Abstract

A number of library-related illusions remain in the wake of Biden’s defeat of Trump in the 2020 presidential election. While it is tempting for progressives to see “Trump Country” as consisting only of the states won by the former president, over 38 million of the more than 74,000,000 votes for Trump were cast in states won by Biden. Additionally, librarians who are overwhelmingly liberal, cherish such beliefs as (1) documented facts are able to change the minds of opponents, and (2) critical theories will somehow be acceptable for guiding service in communities dominated by …

A Case For Open Educational Resources (Oers) For Liberation: Leveraging Librarians And Library Skills, Aisling Coyne, Amy Fitzpatrick

New Librarianship Symposia Series: Fall 2021

This paper will establish the case for Open Educational Resources (OER) for Liberation for Ireland, and the leveraging of librarians in pursuit of creating a database of Open resources for public good and public liberation within the context of post-neutrality librarianship. The researchers have conducted a literature review of existing OER initiatives and emerging areas of Open Education. The review is underpinned by the philosophical and pedagogical motivations of Open, with a keen focus on equity, access and accessibility. Through this research, it has been found that there is a strong framework available for establishing a national OER initiative, and …

The Machiavellian Govpub Librarian: The Value Of Internal Promotion Aka How A Politically Unsavvy Librarian Learned The Necessity Of Promoting To Colleagues, Laura Baker

Library Research and Publications

This poster communicates ways and reasons for promoting the government documents collections WITHIN the library and influencing decision makers. Librarians go to great lengths to promote our collections to patrons, but what about to our directors and co-workers? When our library had a change of leadership, our status as a depository was questioned. In the book The Machiavellian Librarian by Aho and Bennet, the editors contend that librarians need to boost their ability to influence decision makers. They suggest that, minus his misanthropic extremes, Machiavelli – a master at politics—has many things to teach others about the fine art of …

Spartan Daily, October 20, 2021, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2021

Volume 157, Issue 27

Faculty Newsletter Fall 2021, University Of Missouri-St. Louis Libraries

Library Publications

No abstract provided.

The Logic Of Negative Appeals: Graphic Imagery, Affective Empathy, And Foreign Development Aid, A. Burcu Bayram, Marcus Holmes

Political Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The use of negative visual imagery of the poor to conjure feelings of pity, guilt, and empathy (also called “poverty porn”) is premised on an emotional mechanism that is supposed to elicit compassion and giving behavior, and yet the very emotional nature of the response to this kind of negative imagery can have the exact opposite effect by evoking compassion fatigue and psychological numbing. Our study interrogates this puzzle. Leveraging original data from survey experiments, we show that exposure to negative and personalized images of aid recipients in despair actually increases support for foreign development aid. In contrast, descriptive statistical …