Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Forensic Anthropological Techniques In Identifying America's War Dead From Past Conflicts, William Belcher, Calvin Y. Shiroma, Lesley A. Chesson, Gregory E. Berg, Miranda Jans

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The Scientific Analysis Directorate of the U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD) Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is a unique entity within the U.S. Government. This agency currently houses the world's largest, accredited skeletal identification laboratory in the world, in terms of the size of the scientific staff, global mission, and number of annual identifications. Traditional forensic anthropology is used for the formation of a biological profile (biological sex, stature, population affinity/ancestry, and age) as well as trauma and pathologies that may be compared with historical records and personnel files. Since World War II, various scientists associated with DoD have conducted …

The Role Of Forensic Anthropological Techniques In Identifying America's War Dead From Past Conflicts, William Belcher, Calvin Y. Shiroma, Lesley A. Chesson, Gregory E. Berg, Miranda Jans

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The Scientific Analysis Directorate of the U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD) Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is a unique entity within the U.S. Government. This agency currently houses the world's largest, accredited skeletal identification laboratory in the world, in terms of the size of the scientific staff, global mission, and number of annual identifications. Traditional forensic anthropology is used for the formation of a biological profile (biological sex, stature, population affinity/ancestry, and age) as well as trauma and pathologies that may be compared with historical records and personnel files. Since World War II, various scientists associated with DoD have conducted …

The Role Of Premorbid Factors And Adverse Childhood Experiences In The Persistence Of Symptoms Post Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (Persistent Postconcussive Symptoms), Tiffany Andersen

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Every year, more than 2.8 million individuals sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the U.S. At least 75% of these are designated as mild TBI (mTBI). While most are expected to spontaneously recover within days to weeks, a substantial minority continue to experience various somatic, cognitive, and affective symptoms for months/years postinjury. Several biopsychosocial factors (e.g., cognitive reserve, psychiatric illness) may influence the persistence of postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) may be another psychosocial factor that influences PPCS, but few studies have assessed the relationship between ACEs and TBI. This study aimed to replicate previous findings and …

Temperamental Constellations And School Readiness: A Multivariate Approach, Andrew S. White, Kate M. Sirota, Scott R. Frohn, Sarah E. Swenson, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study uses canonical correlation analyses to explore the relationship between mul- tiple predictors of school readiness (i.e., academic readiness, social readiness, and teacher-child relationship) and multiple temperamental traits using data from the second wave (age 54 months, n = 1226) of the longitudinal Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD; NICHD ECCRN 1993). This longitudinal study collected data on a large cohort of children and their families from birth through age 15. For academic readiness, only one temperamental constellation emerged, representing the construct of effortful control (i.e., high attentional focusing, high inhibitory con- trol). For peer interactions, …

The Role Of Moral Reasoning And Attitudes Regarding Bisexuality In The Development Of Bisexual Counseling Competence, Christopher P. Monceaux, Melanie M. Wilcox, Dena M. Abbott

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Research on counselor competence regarding bisexuality is scarce, despite the greater prevalence of negative attitudes about bisexuality as compared to other sexual minorities (Flanders & Hatfield, 2014) both within the general public and the LGBTQ+ community (Matsick & Rubin, 2018). Therapist attitudes and moral development are 2 constructs known to affect multicultural counseling competence; however, although some research has examined competence in working with lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals all together, bisexual individuals specifically are underrepresented or absent in examinations of the relationship between these 2 constructs. Therefore, this study examined whether postconventional moral reasoning has an indirect relationship with …

The Role Of Cultural Assimilation When Working With Adult Immigrants In Social Work, Jennifer Reyes

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The purpose of this thesis is to gain a holistic view of immigrants’ experience and identity within the United States through a social work lens. This thesis is based on an extensive literature review which covers the history of immigration, immigration today, classic assimilation theory, assimilation factors, alternatives, and best practices. Findings indicated that retaining a cultural or ethnic identity can create better mental health outcomes and greater life satisfaction for immigrants. From this research, there are several implications for social workers regarding effective and culturally sensitive practices when working with adult immigrants.

Parental Control: The Role Of Maternal Depression, Sleep, And Executive Function, Amanda Hicks

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Parental depression negatively impacts parenting practices, yet other factors such as sleep and executive function may also impact behaviors. Specifically, depression and sleep may impact behaviors through their influence on executive function. The current study examined both the mediating role of executive function on the relation between depression and sleep on parental control and the moderating role of sleep on the relation between depression and executive function on control with mothers of toddlers. Results showed that depression was positively associated with sleep problems and boys were more likely than girls to experience negative control. Socioeconomic status was positively associated with …

Disrupted Identities And Forced Nomads: A Post-Disaster Legacy Of Neocolonialism In The Island Of Barbuda, Lesser Antilles, Sophia Perdikaris, Rebecca Boger, Edith Gonzalez, Emira Ibrahimpašić, Jennifer D. Adams

School of Global Integrative Studies: Faculty Publications

In the aftermath of the forced evacuation of the island of Barbuda due to Hurricane Irma, the Barbudan people have experienced an exile and return to a ‘new’ geographical, political, and economic context, albeit on the same island. With the specter of climate change and the potential impacts on island communities and nations, we use Barbuda, sister island of Antigua in the Lesser Antilles, to examine the trajectory of nomadic identities as they navigate changes that threaten contemporary land relationships and culture. Since its first permanent settlement in the 17th Century, the island geography of Barbuda has been fundamental to …

Grouse News 61-67 (2021-2024), Iucn/Ssc Galliformes Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

Issue 61 (May 2021)

From the Editor

From the Chair

News from the Galliformes Specialist Group

News from the Grouse Group Conservation News

Grouse in Estonia

Endangered Species Act Protections for Southern White-Tailed Ptarmigan Found to be Not Warranted

A Remarkable Return. The Attwater’s prairie-chicken is bouncing back

Research Reports

Fluctuations and trends in tetraonid populations of the “Bryansky Les” Nature Reserve (southwest Russia)

Evaluation of the durability and longevity of lesser prairie-chicken fence tags in Kansas and Colorado

Longevity of the Lesser Prairie-Chicken

Conferences

Conferences postponed

New Books

European Breeding Bird Atlas 2: Distribution, Abundance and Change

Recent grouse …

Informal Caregivers’ Well-Being At The Transition To Caregiving, Natalie A. Williams, Holly Hatton-Bowers, Kara Kohel, Shruti Pillai, Judith M. Burnfield

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to describe the psychological and physical health needs of informal caregivers in a rehabilitation hospital and explore differences related to informal caregiver and care recipient characteristics. Readiness to engage in health promotion and perspectives on mindfulness meditation were assessed. Informal caregivers (N = 33) to patients receiving inpatient or outpatient treatment completed the Multidimensional Health Profile screening tools. Readiness to change was assessed using the readiness ruler approach. Almost half of participants (45.5%) had a chronic illness and 18.2% reported that it interferes with daily functioning. Low Positive Health Habits were reported by …

“Born Under My Heart”: Adoptive Parents’ Use Of Metaphors To Make Sense Of Their Past, Present, And Future, Lucas Hackenburg, Toni Morgan, Eve Brank

Center on Children, Families, and the Law: Faculty Publications

Metaphors provide the opportunity to make sense of our experiences and share them with others. The current research qualitatively examined interviews with adoptive parents who had adopted through intercountry or private adoptions. Throughout their interviews, each participant used at least one metaphor in describing their experiences of adopting and raising their child. Overarchingly, the metaphor of “Adoption is a journey” encapsulated parents’ experiences. To demonstrate the journey, parents used metaphors to describe the past, present, and future. Metaphors of the past focused on their child’s trauma and the origin of how the child came to join their family. Metaphors used …

A Within-Session Analysis Of The Interview Informed Synthesized Contingency Analysis In A University Clinic Setting, Jenna M. Venuto

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

In this study, a within-session analysis of the interview informed synthesized contingency analysis (IISCA) was conducted to determine if the function of challenging behavior could be determined within the first 5 min test session and the extent that results from the first 5 min test session aligned with results from the full IISCA. An alternating treatment design was used to evaluate differentiated rates of challenging behavior during a full IISCA and the within-session analysis for four clients in a clinic setting. Results indicated that contingencies maintaining challenging behavior could be identified within the first 5 min test session and align …

Unboxing The Japanese Sojourning Mom’S Pediatric-Going Experience: A Phenomenological Study Of Culturally And Linguistically Appropriate Health Services, Carolyn Oldham

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

This study explores how twelve former Lexington-area Japanese sojourning mothers define culturally and linguistically appropriate services and how culture, gender and language shaped their health care beliefs, behaviors and experiences in pediatric settings. It is a naturalistic, pragmatic line of inquiry born in collaboration with Japanese sojourning moms across cups of matcha 末茶 and mugicha 麦茶. Framed by constructivist and intersectionality research lenses, this phenomenological study seeks to understand how study participants perceived the cultural and linguistic appropriateness of their interactions with Lexington-area pediatric offices and to begin to ascertain the meanings they created based on their subjective experiences. Its …

Retreating To Advance Together: Communicating Through Internal And External Retreats, Gwen Gregory

Faculty Books & Book Chapters

It can be challenging to step away from our daily work in technical services. There are always invoices to be paid, licenses to be reviewed, and books to be cataloged. However, when we take a deep breath and “escape” together as a group, we can build new bonds and come up with fresh ideas. Leaving the day-to-day behind, spending time together in a different environment, and participating in thought-provoking activities can lead to many positive results. This chapter describes how a library technical services department held several staff retreats over a period of years.

Three Essays On Export Earnings Volatility, Yoonseon Han

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

My dissertation consists of three essays on export earnings volatility. In the first essay, I look at the determinants of export earnings volatility. The four main determinants suggested by the theoretical literature are export concentration, durability, vertical linkages, and financial vulnerability. A panel of bilateral trade data at the industry level, containing 178 exporting countries, 194 importing countries, and 590 SITC Rev. 1 four-digit industries from 1962 to 2011, is used and these aspects are incorporated to empirically examine their effects on export earnings volatility. The essay finds that diversifying exports across different industries and trade partners plays an important …

Three Essays On The High-Speed Rail Network In China, Shiyu Cheng

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

My dissertation consists of three essays that study the economic consequences of China’s high-speed rail (HSR) expansion.

In the first essay, I use the college admission cutoff scores to reveal students’ college preferences under the enrollment quota. By exploiting the quasi-experimental variation in whether or not college cities are connected by the HSR network, I document a two-point increase in the cutoff scores following a HSR station opening in the college city using difference-in-difference (DD) approach. Colleges in the megacities experience a larger increase in cutoff scores after the station opening. These findings suggest that the HSR network stimulates “brain …

Peer Effects: An In-Depth Analysis, Lauren O. Dirago-Duncan

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

The social multiplier effect of peers has the potential to influence all members of a group through changing the outcomes of a single member and thus poses a strong, low-cost channel for increasing student performance. As such, peer effects are much studied in education and inform important policy decisions such as classroom composition, ability tracking, and magnet schools. These studies are often limited in scope to the contemporaneous period—how one’s peers affect them while they are around one another, but we should also be concerned with whether peer group continues to influence student outcomes after their inevitable separation. I use …

Essays On The Role Of Policies In Major Public Health Issues, Anh Le

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

This dissertation explores the role of policy on health outcomes and behaviors that relate to major public health concerns. Essay 1 and Essay 2 investigate the effects of Medicaid expansions on substance-use outcomes. Essay 3 examines the impacts of school reopenings in Texas on COVID-19 and mobility outcomes.

Essay 1 studies the effect of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion. Using State Drug Utilization Data 2011-2017, I find that the Medicaid expansion is associated with an increase of 40-60 Medicaid-paid opioid prescriptions per 1,000 people aged 19–64. However, the results suggest that post-expansion prescriptions are, on average, shorter or prescribed …

Food Justice In Appalachia Main Exhibit Panels, Wvu Libraries

Food Justice in Appalachia

No abstract provided.

A Touchy Subject: Optimality And Coreference, Jill De Villiers, Jacqueline Cahillane, Emily Altreuter

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

Four studies are reported that compare production and comprehension of structures involving Principle A and B with 68 English speaking children. The stimuli included simple and complex sentences combined with simple and quantified NPs, each with reflexives and pronouns. A novel technique using a laptop proved successful for eliciting stimulus descriptions as well as truth value judgment. The results test a recent Optimality account of binding by Hendriks and Spenader (2004), but it is argued that more constraints are needed. Although the data can be fit well by the constraints, questions remain about whether it is theoretically satisfactory.

How Emotions Shape Feminist Coalitions, Nancy Whittier

Sociology: Faculty Publications

This paper develops a framework for conceptualizing the emotional dimensions of coalitions, with particular focus on how power operates through emotion in different varieties of feminist coalitions. The paper proposes three interrelated areas in which emotion shapes feminist coalitions. 1) Feelings toward coalition partners: Feelings of mistrust, anger, fear or their reverse grow from histories of interaction and unequal power. These make up the emotional landscape of intersectional coalitions, which operate through a tension between negative emotions and attempts at empathy or mutual acceptance. 2) Shared feelings: Feminist coalitions build on shared fear of threat or anger at a common …

Ipv At The Margins: Conceptualizing Gaps In The Survivor Safety Net For Lower-Income Black Women, Cristina Toppin

Honors Program Theses

This paper evaluates U.S. social and criminal justice policies in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) against lower-income Black women in the U.S. Theories from the literature on IPV and gender-based violence (GBV) at-large, as well as the literature on inequity, are utilized to examine how entrenched racist, sexist, and classist ideas influence policymaking. It is argued that this process has resulted in policies that reinforce the higher rates of IPV against lower-income Black women as compared to their upper-income white peers. Two overarching research questions are addressed to support this argument. First, how have pejorative stereotypes against Black …

Using Dialogue To Contextualize Culture, Ecosystem Services, And Cultural Ecosystem Services, Karen Allen, Celia Castellano, Sophia Pessagno

Open Access Fund Publications

We propose an alternative methodology for engaging with multifaceted cultural ecosystem services (CES) in the Global South. We explore the use of dialogue as a tool for understanding CES in situ, while developing shared action steps toward CES conservation among stakeholders. We held six dialogue workshops in the rural Central Pacific region of Costa Rica that were designed to foster understanding of shared community values for ecosystem services and associated conservation challenges. In two of the workshops, we employed model-based reasoning through which we used maps as boundary negotiating objects to nurture dialogue on CES values, observations, and concerns. In …

A Brief Review Of America's Rebalance Strategy Toward Asia, Tiehui Qin, Xiangyun Feng

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]The peaceful evolution of western countries and more intensified arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union are important external reasons for the disintegation of the Soviet Union.Despite similarly faced with exporting ideology and conducting cultural infiltration,China did not collapse like the Soviet Union.How the United States revise its policy to curb China has wined attention from Chinese academics and intelligence circles,as well as this paper.[Method/process]Based on extracting and classifing the information such as region,country and time from extensive sources,the situation since China's reform and opening-up in 1978 around China and its neighbouring countries is analyzed,as well as …

Research On Civil-Military Intelligence Sharing System In China, Haiqun Ma, Mingzhi Zhang, Zhengang Zhang, Lingge Kong

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]In view of the external threats and internal development needs of China,combined with the guiding ideology of civil-military integration strategy,this paper studies the construction mode of China's intelligence sharing system,so as to provide reference for future research on intelligence sharing.[Method/process]This paper analyzes the restriction of intelligence sharing under the background of the new era in China,deeply understands the basic connotation and target principle of military and civilian intelligence sharing,and constructs the system from the aspects of organization structure,cross-border sharing and operation mechanism.[Result/conclusion]As China's military and civilian intelligence sharing is in its infancy,we can try to build an intelligence sharing organization …

The Jcr Influence Analysis Of Chinese Scientific Journals Included In Sci From 2005 To 2019, Yuhong Li, Juan Hu

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]This paper studies the JCR influence analysis of Chinese scientific journals in recent years to find the development status of Chinese scientific journals,compares the gap between China and the United States,and explores the development strategies of Chinese scientific journals.[Method/process]Based on JCR analysis tool,this paper analyzes the change trend of Chinese scientific journals and Q1 area journals from 2005 to 2019,and explores the development status and influence performance of Chinese scientific journals of different disciplines in ESI discipline system.[Result/conclusion] The influence of Chinese scientific journals is increasing,but there is still a huge gap between China and the United States.In addition,the discipline …

Exploring The Relationship Of Gender, Covid-19-Related Stress And Autobiographical Memory, Mirelle Kass

Behavioral Neuroscience Honors Papers

The Coronavirus (COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2) pandemic erupted in March 2020 and significantly disrupted the daily lives of all individuals. The limited number of COVID-19 research studies have focused on psychological distress in general adult populations or in essential workers, but its effects on Autobiographical Memory (AM), the collection of personal memories that aid in the formation of one’s goals and identities, have not yet been explored. The current study contributes important discoveries to the growing body of literature through its exploration of the intersection of COVID-19-related stress, AM performance, and sex assigned at birth in undergraduate college students. Results suggest that …

Table Of Contents

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

Letter From The President, Lynn Rhodes

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

Crusading As Philosophical Construct: Thoughts And Actions Of Pope Urban Ii, St. Bernard, And Peter The Venerable, Peter Hecht M.Ed., M.A.

Comparative Civilizations Review

The First Crusade was a penitential Holy War to aid the Byzantine Empire and to liberate Jerusalem from the perceived threat of Muslim occupation. The Second Crusade was also a penitential war, but this time it was to support the territory reclaimed by the First Crusade. Many scholars believe that these were the only relevant goals of these crusades. My focus in this paper is to contextualize the many possible goals for the early crusades, and to understand the necessary and complex rationalization of ecclesiastical leadership. This research is intended to contribute to the development of a more nuanced understanding …