Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Dopamine Blockade On Sensorimotor Gating In Social Phenotypes Of The African Cichlid Fish Astatotilapia Burtoni, Raymond A. Turco

Theses and Dissertations

We asked if blocking dopamine could improve implicit sensory gating deficits in a socially-defeated fish of a naturally-agonistic species. This study investigated the effects of dopamine D2R receptor antagonist metoclopramide on sensorimotor gating using a prepulse inhibition (PPI) paradigm in social phenotypes of male A. burtoni African cichlid fish.

Exploring Innovation And Behavioral Flexibility In African Lions (Panthera Leo) And Snow Leopards (Panthera Uncia), Victoria L. O'Connor

Theses and Dissertations

Intelligence may have evolved to help animals problem-solve in their physical and/or social environments, which enables them to cope with changes in their environments. Humans can reduce wildlife conflict by understanding how species that face harsh environments assess a situation and alter their behavior. Tests for cognitive behavior aim to formulate clear behavioral criteria for inferring an animal’s mental processes. We designed a custom multi-access puzzle box (MAB) to present a simple and effective behavioral test for exploring innovation in two species, African lions (Panthera leo) and snow leopards (Panthera uncia). Despite being vastly underrepresented in …

Weak Social Support As An Indicator For Worse Trauma Related Symptoms, Michael B. Sugarman

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between social support and trauma related symptoms in trauma exposed participants. Using the SCID and CAPS, weak family support factors were found to be associated with a greater number and severity of trauma related symptoms; suggesting that family support is important for trauma exposed people.

Behavioral Hypervigilance In A Normative Population, Karly Weinreb

Theses and Dissertations

Hypervigilance is conceptualized as a symptom of trauma-related disorders, however it can also occur in a normative population. To distinguish normative hypervigilance from trauma-related hypervigilance, 372 participants (123 trauma-exposed and 249 non-trauma-exposed) completed a questionnaire assessing hypervigilance in contexts. Trauma-exposed participants reported greater levels of hypervigilance in 3 contexts.

The Effect Of Citi Bike Introduction On Injury Rates In New York City, Masakazu Hiruma

Theses and Dissertations

This paper tests the hypothesis that the introduction of Citi Bike influences bicycle injuries by observing the gradual expansion of the bike share system in NYC. Data is analyzed from 2012-2018 New York Police Department (NYPD) Motor Vehicle Collisions and Citi Bike Station Feeds (NYC Open Data).

Who Will Help Children? Building Brain Regimes, William F. Tate Iv

Center for Social Development Research

“Why can’t we organize public–private partnerships to protect and to nurture the brains of our children?”

In this Perspective, William Tate IV makes the case for constructing brain regimes—public–private partnerships designed to nurture and support the healthy development of children. Illuminating the ways in which communities and schools shape individual outcomes in Missouri, he offers seven evidence-based recommendations for fostering brain development and positive outcomes.

Who Will Help Children? Building Regional Brain Regimes is based in part on “Beyond Education Triage: Building Brain Regimes in Metropolitan America,” Chapter 11 in Facing Segregation: Housing Policy Solutions for a Stronger Society …

Resurgence Following Interdependent And Traditional Differential Reinforcement Of Alternative Behavior, Ashley Fuhrman

Theses & Dissertations

Clinicians frequently prescribe functional communication training (FCT) as a treatment for severe destructive behavior. Recent research has shown that FCT treatments are susceptible to treatment relapse in the form of resurgence of destructive behavior when individuals contact periods in which reinforcers are unavailable (e.g., Fisher, Greer, Fuhrman, Saini, & Simmons, 2018). Behavioral Momentum Theory (BMT) is a quantitative model of behavior researchers have employed to predict treatment relapse when the reinforcement component of FCT is suspended, which may occur when a caregiver is unable to implement treatment. Although many studies support the accuracy of BMT (e.g., Fisher et al., 2018), …

Relationship Between Empathy And Language Proficiency In Adult Language Learners, Mika Sakai

Dissertations and Theses

This study reviews concepts and the mechanism of empathy, and the relationship between empathy and language proficiency, focusing on the aspect of cognitive empathy. It also discusses whether empathy levels could be developed by learning language to a highly proficient level. I compared the empathy levels between high and low proficiency second-language learners to determine if there was correlation between empathy and other factors such as gender, studying abroad, education background, and usage of a second language. I found that there was no relationship between empathy level and language proficiency level; however, there was one between empathy and gender. For …

Arousal And Anxiety Level Influences On Golf Putting Performance, Chloe Paulsen, Ryan M. Yoder

Honors Theses

Arousal levels can help and hinder performance in various sports and many athletes manipulate arousal levels during practice or competitions. Professional golfers typically putt in complete silence but studies have shown that stimulus can help performance. Twelve participants completed general and sport anxiety questionnaires before completing 3 golf putts at a target under 30 seconds with a music stimulus for each group. Music stimulus had an affect on the moderate arousal level groups showing the best performance with the slowest time to complete the putting task. This shows that putting may be performed better with moderate auditory arousal to produce …

Development Of A Reinforcer Dimension Sensitivity Assessment To Inform Differential Reinforcement Of Alternative Behavior Without Extinction Procedures, Katherine Brown

Theses & Dissertations

Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) is the most commonly used procedure to treat destructive behavior maintained by social-positive reinforcement (Petscher, Rey, & Bailey, 2009). Several studies have demonstrated that placing destructive behavior on extinction (EXT) during DRA is critical for the reduction of destructive behavior (Fisher et al., 1993; Hagopian, Fisher, Sullivan, Acquisto, & LeBlanc, 1998). Despite the empirical evidence demonstrating the importance of using EXT during DRA, the use of EXT has several limitations. These limitations have resulted in the development of DRA without EXT treatments, during which practitioners manipulate dimensions of reinforcement to favor appropriate responding. The …

Efficacy Of Module-Based Functional Communication Caregiver Training For Moderate To Severe Problem Behavior, Lauren A. Phillips

Theses & Dissertations

Intensive behavior-analytic services typically reduce behavior problems associated with autism spectrum disorder. However, there are substantial barriers to access these services, including access to behavior analysts who can conduct the training. One way to address problem behavior and barriers to services is to train caregivers to implement function-based interventions to produce sustained improvements in child behavior. We developed a computer-based module (i.e., an e-learning module) to train caregivers to implement functional communication training, a function-based intervention, with extinction and safety procedures. Caregivers conducted a functional analysis to determine the function of their child’s behavior. During baseline, caregivers responded as they …

Information And Communication Technology And Society: Re-Examining The Roles Of Libraries In Nigeria, Kehinde Abayomi Owolabi Phd, Olawanle Mulikat Salaam Phd, Chukwuemeka Peter Ugbala Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revolutionalised every aspect of library operations and services. This paper discusses the changing roles of libraries in Nigeria brought about by advances in ICT. Through review of literature from various databases such as SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Ebscohost, the study provides a conceptual background of ICT application in Nigerian libraries; examined its importance and opportunities for librarians; as well as the associated challenges. The paper therefore provides useful insight on the importance of ICT in knowledge society and Nigeria in particular, through libraries. The last part of the paper further explores the implications of …

Theft And Mutilation On The Use Of Library Resources In Nigerian Academic Libraries., Idakwo Innocent

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The ability of the library to meet the needs of its teeming users is greatly dependent on the availability of information resources. Theft and mutilation are serious factors that hamper not just availability but usability of information resources. This paper discussed some of the causes of theft and mutilation to include high cost of books, lack of photocopying machine, lack of electronic security measures, and lack of proper monitoring of students, porous library security system, and unavailability of online databases among others. This study also revealed that theft and mutilation of information resources has lots of negative impact on the …

Dimensions Of Health Information Behavior Of The Poor Affected By Annual Flooding In East Bandung Region, Indonesia, Pawit Muhamad Yusup Mr, Ninis Agustini Damayani Mrs, Priyo Subekti Mr, Dadang Sugiana, Engkus Kuswarno

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Background. Poor environmental quality has its greatest impact on people whose health status is already at risk. This study specifically examined the health information behavior dimensions of the poor affected by annual flooding in East Bandung. The focus included the dimensions of needs, expectations, seeks, and use of health information and environmental information sources in the affected areas.

Method. The study used the interview survey method involving 136 respondents.

Results. Study results showed that: (1) from the aspect of profile: most prominent in poor families was the very low income, living in a very small-sized house, and on average bore …

Establishing An “Injury-In-Fact” Through Valuations Of Ecosystem Services: Putting It In Terms Federal Courts Understand, Allie Jo Mitchell

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Social Media On Self- Perception Among College Students, Ariana Galante, Nafees Alam

Social Work Faculty Publications

Background: Many today view the world through the lens of social media. Identity management on social media platforms elicit numerous disadvantages regarding individuals and how they perceive themselves relative to the outside world. It can be difficult to oppose the idea that social media triggers the detriment of mental well-being, potentially altering the perception of self. This study aims to bridge the existing gap in literature between social media and self-perception among college students. Methods: This quantitative study employed an 11-item questionnaire. The study was broken down into three crucial components. The first component produced affect-related statements about social media …

"I Don't Want It Public": Voluntary Hiv Testing In A Public Setting, Josephine Mlumun Borogo

Master's Projects and Capstones

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to create awareness of the importance of HIV prevention and testing among clients of St. Anthony’s Foundation. While the aims of this project were to test different recruitment strategies and to propose a protocol for ongoing HIV awareness and testing at St. Anthony’s Foundation through St. Anthony Medical Clinic.

Methods: A key informant interview was conducted to assess the acceptability and feasibility of HIV voluntary counseling and testing among clients of St. Anthony’s Foundation. Strategies for recruitment of participants was developed and implemented. Two hundred and five individuals were approached for HIV …

Lindenwood Digest, August 9, 2019, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.

“May I Be Kind To Myself”: A Study On Self-Compassion And Shame On A Hiv Nightline, Lauren Swansick

Master's Projects and Capstones

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to strengthen San Francisco Suicide Prevention’s HIV Nightline (NL) communication with worried well callers. As a result, this study focused on identifying any covert emotions this population experienced, such as shame, guilt, and judgement. In addition, precursors to worried well behavior were explored, such as the influence of sex act and sexual partner. A needs assessment was conducted with hotline staff and volunteers, with a brief self-compassion intervention piloted over a two-week period.

Methods: Data collection included 1.) a focus group with hotline staff and volunteers 2.) a volunteer survey to learn about …

Strong Consistency Of Spectral Clustering For Stochastic Block Models, Liangjun Su, Wuyi Wang, Yichong Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper we prove the strong consistency of several methods based on the spectral clustering techniques that are widely used to study the community detection problem in stochastic block models (SBMs). We show that under some weak conditions on the minimal degree, the number of communities, and the eigenvalues of the probability block matrix, the K-means algorithm applied to the eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian associated with its first few largest eigenvalues can classify all individuals into the true community uniformly correctly almost surely. Extensions to both regularized spectral clustering and degree-corrected SBMs are also considered. We illustrate the …

Finding The Sonic Sweet Spot: Implementing A Noise Management Program In A Library Learning Commons, Cindy Pierard, Olivia Baca

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Noise in academic libraries has been a consistent concern of library staff and library users. This concern has intensified as libraries have emphasized their role in supporting student learning, including learning that occurs in a busy, collaborative environment. Studies of acceptable library noise levels have traditionally been conducted in areas where quiet was expected. This study adds to the literature by studying ideal noise levels for a busy, collaborative study space: the library learning commons.

Nelly Bly, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A man sings about his wife adn their home.

Waiting For Nell Near Temple Bar, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A young couple is engaged and will be happy on their wedding day.

Under The Willow She's Sleeping, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A man laments the death of his wife.

Sweet Jenny Of The Moor, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A man returns from sea to marry his lover

Widow Malone, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A widow marries an aggressive man.

Kiss Me In The Dark, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A captain has sex with the wife of one of his sailors

Come Let Us Be Happy Together, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A song about being happy with those you love.

The Old Women's Sayings In My Grandmother's Days, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A song about superstitions

Down By The Dark Arches, Author Unknown

Broadside Ballads: England

A man is beaten up after he took out another man's girl.