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2019

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Articles 24781 - 24810 of 26088

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Comparative Analysis Of The Relationship Between State Security And Ethnic Minority Oppression, Grayson Lanza Jan 2019

Comparative Analysis Of The Relationship Between State Security And Ethnic Minority Oppression, Grayson Lanza

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research investigates the relationship between the state economic outlook, state security apparatus and the presence of ethnic minority oppression within the state's borders. Modern states have developed extensive security apparatuses as they have developed their economies and this research intended to identify the possibility of a connection between the development of these aspects of the state in relation to ethnic minority repression. The research is broken up into a research design and introductory section, a case study section, and a final analysis and conclusion section. Each of the four case studies studied a and ethnic minority relationship, and in …

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Exogenous Shocks And Political Unrest, Didara Nurmanova Jan 2019

Exogenous Shocks And Political Unrest, Didara Nurmanova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the role of exogenous shocks such as economic shocks and natural disasters in producing political unrest in the form of anti-government protests and ethnic riots. It is integrated by three articles, each covering a different topic. The first article argues that economic shocks play a crucial role in protest mobilization in rentier states conditional on weaker repressive capacity or higher taxation. Empirically, it conducts a cross-national study of high resource-dependent states in the period of 1995-2014. The second article contends that there is a variation in the degree to which a country's regions are exposed to economic …

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National Security And Political Polarization, Joseph Funderburke Jan 2019

National Security And Political Polarization, Joseph Funderburke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores how partisan polarization among the political elites (the President and key Members of Congress) impacts national security decision-making. The research examines the relationship over time beginning at the start of the Cold War through 2014. In doing so, the research tests several hypotheses to determine the nature of the relationship and what the implications might be for future U.S. national security policy-making. There are three different approaches used in the research centered on the same theory of partisan polarization. The first approach examines changes in the level of polarization and defense budgets each year. The second explores …

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The Effects Of Presence And Cognitive Load On Episodic Memory In Virtual Environments, Paul Barclay Jan 2019

The Effects Of Presence And Cognitive Load On Episodic Memory In Virtual Environments, Paul Barclay

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Episodic memory refers to an individual's memory for events that they have experienced in the past along with the associated contextual details. In order to more closely reflect the way that episodic memory functions in the real world, researchers and clinicians test episodic memory using virtual environments. However, these virtual environments introduce new interfaces and task demands that are not present in traditional methodologies. This dissertation investigates these environments through the lenses of Presence and Cognitive Load theories in order to unravel the ways that basic technological and task differences may affect memory performance. Participants completed a virtual task under …

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Hurricane Maria: A Qualitative Study Of Recently Displaced Students To The State Of Florida, Esmeralda Cabrera Jan 2019

Hurricane Maria: A Qualitative Study Of Recently Displaced Students To The State Of Florida, Esmeralda Cabrera

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Over the past ten years Puerto Rico has been experiencing a severe economic crisis that was worsened when Hurricane Maria made landfall on September 20, 2017. Maria hit Puerto Rico as a category 4 storm, devastating the whole island and its 3.4 million residents. Many students were left with minimal educational choices after Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico. Research on Latino/a students shows that they are met with unique experiences and challenges as they pursue higher education. The current study uses qualitative data to investigate what are the unique challenges and needs of displaced students from Puerto Rico? and what …

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The Invisible Men: Analyzing The Virtual Subculture Of England's Punters, Ashley Christensen Jan 2019

The Invisible Men: Analyzing The Virtual Subculture Of England's Punters, Ashley Christensen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Research on prostitution has flourished over the last few decades with a new emphasis on the online sex market. To study the online market, researchers have utilized qualitative methods to investigate escort review websites. Coding for violent rhetoric and perceived intimacy are two conventional techniques that have been utilized using qualitative methods. Other areas investigated include the overall characteristics of sex buyers, price variation, and socialization of buyers. What has lacked in current literature has been the use of quantitative methods to study what factors influence the presence of positive reviews. To expand on limited existing literature utilizing quantitative methods, …

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Victimization And Health Experiences For Tgnc Individuals In Women's Prisons, Kristina Davis Jan 2019

Victimization And Health Experiences For Tgnc Individuals In Women's Prisons, Kristina Davis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This text examines the health-related experiences of transgender and gender nonconforming persons assigned female at birth within the criminal justice system. It moves through a transgender-centric approach to explore the ways gender nonconformity relates to experiences of violence and healthcare disparities for those interacting with law enforcement and incarcerated in women's prisons. The study utilized statistical analyses of nationally representative data in the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey carried out by the National Center for Transgender Equality. Multivariate analyses suggested significant connections between race and education and experiences of harassment and assault within the criminal justice context. There were largely mixed …

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Factors Contributing To Victim Employment, Victim Income Status, And Intimate Partner Violence In Jamaica, Marsha Fraser Jan 2019

Factors Contributing To Victim Employment, Victim Income Status, And Intimate Partner Violence In Jamaica, Marsha Fraser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using 166 IPV police reports in Jamaica, this mixed-methods study (a) explored the utility of routine activities theory and control balance theory for explaining the relationship between victim employment and IPV; (b) explored risk factors for IPV; and (c) examined the relationships between victim employment and victim income status with IPV murder and IPV severity in the Jamaica. Content analysis of the narratives of the police reports supported both theories suggesting an integration of the two theories may be most fitting. Estrangement and infidelity emerged as bold themes. Infidelity was identified as an additional risk factor in the Jamaican context. …

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An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Work Climate, The Utilization Of Support Resources, And Compassion Fatigue Level In Child Protective Investigators, Shannon Holliker Jan 2019

An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Work Climate, The Utilization Of Support Resources, And Compassion Fatigue Level In Child Protective Investigators, Shannon Holliker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The impact of child maltreatment is far reaching, affecting the abused child, the family system, and the professionals tasked with providing support during the moments of crisis. As child protective investigators (CPIs) provide care and support to others, they are at high risk of experiencing secondary traumatic stress and/or burnout, both aspects of compassion fatigue. Researchers suggest that work climate, utilization of resources, and worker characteristics can impact CPI compassion-fatigue level. Drawing on extant literature, this study examined three research questions and seven hypotheses aiming to explore the relationship between work climate, resource utilization, CPI characteristics, and CPI compassion-fatigue level. …

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I Decide When You Die: A Mixed-Methods Analysis Of Prior Reporting Of Physical Violence For Intimate Partner Homicides By Heterosexual Spouses In Florida, Donna King Jan 2019

I Decide When You Die: A Mixed-Methods Analysis Of Prior Reporting Of Physical Violence For Intimate Partner Homicides By Heterosexual Spouses In Florida, Donna King

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is generally believed that a victim of an intimate partner homicide, who faced ongoing physical violence prior to the killing, would have contacted authorities for assistance or protection some time prior to their death. However, the results of this study show that this notion that a victim of ongoing abuse will, more than likely, request help is a misconception. Through qualitative and quantitative methods analysis, this study reveals the dearth of prior reporting of physical violence to law enforcement or the court when an intimate partner homicide takes place between heterosexual spouses in Florida between 2006 and 2016. Additionally, …

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Science Occupational Images And Aspirations Of African American/ Black Elementary Students, Saron Lamothe Jan 2019

Science Occupational Images And Aspirations Of African American/ Black Elementary Students, Saron Lamothe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Within the United States, more than a million jobs in science and engineering (S&E) are projected over the next few years; yet, the Nation lacks the workforce to meet these demands. Despite the need for a more diverse, qualified workforce, African Americans/Blacks remain disproportionately underrepresented in science occupations, science degree attainment, and in science postsecondary majors. The lack of science participation is reflective of how minority secondary students view science and science occupations as many consider the pursuit of a science career as unfavorable. Moreover, minority secondary students, who do choose to pursue science occupations, seem to possess inaccurate (or …

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Overkill: A First Run Definition, Traccy Martins Jan 2019

Overkill: A First Run Definition, Traccy Martins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Homicide is a major social issue that has been studied by many researchers worldwide. The vast literature available, however, has avoided distinguishing homicide characterized by excessive wounds as a particular category or type of murder. This is what is often referred to as overkill. It has been observed in a variety of incidents, but it has not been systematically defined or examined in the literature in regard to why it occurs. This study aims to define "overkill" based on the number and extent of injuries for LGBT homicides between the years 1969 to 2018 (provided by Dallas Drake, co-founder of …

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If A Virtual Tree Falls In A Simulated Forest, Is The Sound Restorative? An Examination Of The Role Of Level Of Immersion In The Restorative Capacity Of Virtual Nature Environments, Jessica Michaelis Jan 2019

If A Virtual Tree Falls In A Simulated Forest, Is The Sound Restorative? An Examination Of The Role Of Level Of Immersion In The Restorative Capacity Of Virtual Nature Environments, Jessica Michaelis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Stress and cognitive fatigue have become a pervasive problem, especially in Western society. Stress and cognitive fatigue can have deleterious effects not only on performance, but also on one's physical and mental health. This dissertation presents a study in which the aim is to investigate the effects of virtual nature on stress reduction and cognitive restoration. Specifically, this study assessed the effects of Immersion (Non-immersive, Semi-immersive, Fully-immersive) and Exploration (Passive vs Active) on stress reduction and cognitive restoration. Additionally, restoration from the most effective virtual nature environment was compared to that of taking an active coloring break. Eighty-three university students …

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A Trauma-Informed School-Based Mental Health Counseling Intervention To Promote The Social-Emotional And Academic Functionality Of Children Living In Poverty, Mary Perleoni Jan 2019

A Trauma-Informed School-Based Mental Health Counseling Intervention To Promote The Social-Emotional And Academic Functionality Of Children Living In Poverty, Mary Perleoni

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a trauma-informed school-based mental health counseling intervention (TI-SBMHCI) on students enrolled in three Title I elementary schools. This study aimed to examine the impact of a TI-SBMHCI on participants' social-emotional functionality, trauma symptomology, and academic behavior. Counselors-in-training provided a 10-week TI-SBMHCI based off of Bath's (2008) The three Pillars of Trauma-informed Care and data was collected at pretest (first session), mid (fifth session), and posttest (tenth session). In addition, this investigation examined if participants showed greater improvement in academic behavior in comparison to students who did not receive a …

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Protective Behavioral Strategies And Alcohol-Related Sex Among College Students, Roselyn Peterson Jan 2019

Protective Behavioral Strategies And Alcohol-Related Sex Among College Students, Roselyn Peterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Adverse sexual outcomes (e.g., sexual regret, sexual risk, and sexual assault) are a common experience among college students. In particular, regretted sex is reported by a third of college students and may result in psychological harm. Previous literature has found that alcohol is involved in approximately one third of regretted sex experienced by college students. A gap exists in the literature identifying who is more susceptible to experiencing a regretted sexual experience. Previous research has shown that students who implement protective behavioral strategies (PBS) while drinking are able to reduce alcohol-related negative consequences, including regretted sexual experiences. Three sub-types of …

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Global Capital Flows, Time Varying Fundamentals And Transitional Exchange Rate Dynamics: An Ms-Var Approach, Süleyman Hilmi Kal, Ilhami Gunduz Jan 2019

Global Capital Flows, Time Varying Fundamentals And Transitional Exchange Rate Dynamics: An Ms-Var Approach, Süleyman Hilmi Kal, Ilhami Gunduz

Publications and Research

This paper studies whether dynamic relationship between exchange rate and economic and financial fundamentals vary depending on exchange rate is overvalued and undervalued with respect to its fundamental value. To achieve this, we implement two-state Markov Switching Vector Auto Regression (MSVAR) model with time varying transition probabilities to investigate whether the relationship among exchange rate, interest rate and inflation dynamics depend on overvaluation and undervaluation of exchange rates for the pre-crises period between years 1972-2009. We govern the transition between the undervalued and overvalued states by using Sharpe Ratios of debt and equity investments of the currency to assess whether …

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Effect Of Group Size On The Activity Budget Of Two Captive Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes), Kaeley Sullins Jan 2019

Effect Of Group Size On The Activity Budget Of Two Captive Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes), Kaeley Sullins

All Master's Theses

Captive facilities housing chimpanzees are required to provide adequate care and provisions such as dietary, social, and environmental enrichment to promote the psychological well-being of the apes in their care. Chimpanzees are social creatures and changes in groups as well as relocation to a facility with new social partners, can impact each individual chimpanzee’s welfare. By tracking each chimpanzee’s activity budgets, managers can assess welfare and make improvements or adjustments if necessary. I looked at the activity budgets of two captive chimpanzees after the death of a group member and the two chimpanzees’ subsequent relocation to a novel, more socially …

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Extending The Morpheme Order Studies: Acquisition Of Modal And Non-Modal Verbal Morphemes By Esl Learners, Amal Alshehry Jan 2019

Extending The Morpheme Order Studies: Acquisition Of Modal And Non-Modal Verbal Morphemes By Esl Learners, Amal Alshehry

All Master's Theses

The morpheme order studies have long prevailed in the field of second language acquisition. However, these studies are often undermined by their extent and focus on a limited number of morphemes. Thus, the present study extends the scope of morphemes to include modal verbs within other verbal morphemes and studies the order of their acquisition. Discourse Completion Tests (DCTs) were used to examine a total of twenty-seven ESL learners from a wide range of L1 backgrounds: Japanese, Arabic, Chinese, Thai, Spanish, Turkish, Urdu, and Vietnamese. The study reveals a universal pattern in ESL learners’ acquisition of English verb morphology. …

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Effects Of A Voluntourism Experience On Perceptions And Attitudes Toward Environmental Sustainability And Science, Mireille Gonzalez Jan 2019

Effects Of A Voluntourism Experience On Perceptions And Attitudes Toward Environmental Sustainability And Science, Mireille Gonzalez

All Master's Theses

The current study explored the impact of a volunteer tourism experience at a community-based conservation (CBC) organization on volunteer perceptions, attitudes, and values toward conservation, the environment, and science. The Madagascar Research and Conservation Institute (MRCI) is a CBC organization that utilizes volunteers as a data collection resource and workforce for conservation and community outreach initiatives. The current study analyzed data from volunteer experience evaluations (VEE), which included pre- and post-experience self-report surveys comprised of qualitative and quantitative response sections, completed by 45 voluntourists over a three-month span. The quantitative findings indicate that the voluntourist experience improved participants’ self-reported attitudes …

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How Researchers Address Ethical Concerns Regarding Habituating Nonhuman Primates: Results Of A Survey And Suggestions For Future Practice, Victoria M. Green Jan 2019

How Researchers Address Ethical Concerns Regarding Habituating Nonhuman Primates: Results Of A Survey And Suggestions For Future Practice, Victoria M. Green

All Master's Theses

In this study, I analyzed primatologists’ perceptions regarding the habituation of wild nonhuman primates. I distributed an online survey to primatologists and received 406 responses, 286 of which were used in data analysis. I used two sets of six-scale Likert scoring questions to determine respondents’ perceived ethical concerns and ethical duties. Exploratory factor analysis of 11 items revealed three factors regarding ethical concern, including concerns for the indirect harms of habituation (M = 5.03; SD = 0.89), unhabituated behavior after habituation is established (M = 4.98; SD = 1.08), and harms during habituation (M = 3.94; SD …

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The Effect Of A Lag Schedule Of Reinforcement On Variability In Toy Play In Children With Autism, Cloie Cornell Jan 2019

The Effect Of A Lag Schedule Of Reinforcement On Variability In Toy Play In Children With Autism, Cloie Cornell

All Master's Theses

Variability is a dimension of behavior that is altered and learned through reinforcement contingencies (Neuringer, 2002). The lag schedule of reinforcement is one way to establish contingencies in order to increase variability in block formations built by children diagnosed with autism. Napolitano, Smith, Zarcone, Goodkin and McAdam (2010), and Miller (1012) found that a lag schedule of reinforcement increased the variety of block formations built by children diagnosed with autism, both studies used the discriminative stimulus (SD) “build differently,” during intervention phases. The current study used a lag schedule of reinforcement along with the SD “build something,” throughout each phase. …

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Evaluations Of Health In Sympatric Free-Ranging Saguinus Imperator And Leontocebus Weddelli Using Neopterin, Urinalysis, And Blood Chemistry Analyses, Alexandra J. Sacco Jan 2019

Evaluations Of Health In Sympatric Free-Ranging Saguinus Imperator And Leontocebus Weddelli Using Neopterin, Urinalysis, And Blood Chemistry Analyses, Alexandra J. Sacco

All Master's Theses

This thesis is composed of one journal-ready article and one chapter that includes a preliminary interpretation of data for later publication. In summary, this thesis proposes the use of three different methods of evaluating the health status of New World Monkeys: urinary neopterin measurement, blood chemistry analyses, and urinalysis. Chapter II addresses the question of whether or not the neopterin molecule, a biomarker for cell-mediated immune system activation, is conserved across primate taxa. To do so, we collected urine samples across three New World Monkey (NWM) families including captive Leontopithecus rosalia and Pithecia pithecia, and wild populations of Leontocebus …

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Estimating The Economic Value Of Rock Climbing In Smith Rock: An Individual Travel Cost Approach, Cassandra Koefod Jan 2019

Estimating The Economic Value Of Rock Climbing In Smith Rock: An Individual Travel Cost Approach, Cassandra Koefod

All Master's Theses

In this study I estimate the economic value of rock climbing in Smith Rock State Park, Oregon. This area has seen an increase in recreational visits over the years, especially in rock climbing, necessitating economic valuation of the site in order to assist park managers in optimal management of this resource. Given regular conflicts over use of rock climbing areas by a variety of stakeholders (recreational users, habitats, cultural uses, etc.) this study will help in understanding how benefits of recreation is affected when policies limit access to such areas. I collect original survey data on travel to Smith Rock …

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Gorilla-Visitor Interface At A Zoo Exhibit: Positioning Effects Of Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla) And Zoo Visitors, Alan Bergman Jan 2019

Gorilla-Visitor Interface At A Zoo Exhibit: Positioning Effects Of Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla) And Zoo Visitors, Alan Bergman

All Master's Theses

Zoos have missions to provide high-quality care for their animals and an enjoyable and educational experience for visitors. Looking at the animal-visitor interface can allow zoos to evaluate their success in these efforts and to build upon what they have already accomplished. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between visitors and gorillas in a zoo environment. The effect of gorilla proximity to visitor viewing areas on visitor attentiveness was examined in indoor and outdoor gorilla exhibits. Visitor experience surveys were collected from visitors exiting the outdoor exhibit. Stepwise multiple regressions revealed group and individual gorilla proximity effects …

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Terminal Illness: The Political Ecology And Political Economy Of The Millennium Bulk Coal Export Terminal, Longview, Wa, Paige Mcnorvell Jan 2019

Terminal Illness: The Political Ecology And Political Economy Of The Millennium Bulk Coal Export Terminal, Longview, Wa, Paige Mcnorvell

All Master's Theses

The declining demand for coal in the United States (U.S. Energy Information Administration [EIA] 2016) has led to a push by the coal industry for the construction of export terminals in the Pacific Northwest that would supply coal from the Powder River Basin of Montana and Wyoming to Asia. Though none of the proposed terminals have been approved for construction, the Millennium Bulk Coal Export Terminal in Longview, Washington remains a potentially viable option pending decisions in state and federal courts. In this thesis, I critically analyze the Millennium Bulk Terminal permitting process through a mixed-methods qualitative approach that uses …

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There You Enjoy Life Here You Work- Brazilian And Dominican Immigrant Views On Work And Health In The Us, Cristina Brinkerhoff, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira, Rosalyn Negrón, Natalicia Tracy Jan 2019

There You Enjoy Life Here You Work- Brazilian And Dominican Immigrant Views On Work And Health In The Us, Cristina Brinkerhoff, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira, Rosalyn Negrón, Natalicia Tracy

Gastón Institute Publications

Abstract: Structural inequalities in the U.S. work environment place most immigrants in low paying, high-risk jobs. Understanding how work experiences and influence the health of different immigrant populations is essential to address disparities. This article explores how Brazilian and Dominican immigrants feel about their experiences working in the U.S. and how the relationship between work and culture might impact their health. In partnership with the Dominican Development Center and the Brazilian Worker Center, we held five cultural conversations (CCs) with Brazilians (n = 48) and five with Dominicans (n = 40). CCs are participatory, unstructured groups facilitated by representatives from …

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Book Review: Politicization Of Religion, The Power Of State, Nation, And Faith: The Case Of Former Yugoslavia And Its Successor States, Sergej Beuk Jan 2019

Book Review: Politicization Of Religion, The Power Of State, Nation, And Faith: The Case Of Former Yugoslavia And Its Successor States, Sergej Beuk

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

Although many scientific studies that dealt with the conflict in former Yugoslavia and its consequences have been published in the last 20 years, editors Gorana Ognjenović and Jasna Jozelić’s book Politicization of Religion, the Power of State, Nation, and Faith: The Case of Former Yugoslavia and its Successor States, and eminent scholarly contributors, produced a work of strong theoretical and analytical depth. In the beginning, it is clear to the reader that the book will not merely deal with general definitions or already known theories. It will also provide essential paradigms related to the historical, legal, social, and cultural background …

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Survey Report Bosnia And Herzegovina, Lejla Hodžić Jan 2019

Survey Report Bosnia And Herzegovina, Lejla Hodžić

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

In assessing the role of religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina and analysing the multiconfessional context of the country, the report relies on the findings from an opinion survey and a range of secondary sources. The survey, administered during April 2019, aimed at gathering the opinions of influential figures in political, cultural and economic sphere in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the role of religion. It is based on a questionnaire which was distributed to over 50 influential figures, of which 30 provided quantitative and qualitative answers to questions addressing religion’s impact on society.

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Survey Report Kosovo, Romario Shehu Jan 2019

Survey Report Kosovo, Romario Shehu

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

During April and May 2019, approximately 120 surveys were distributed to high-level individuals involved in political, economic and cultural spheres in Kosovo.

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Survey Report Montenegro, Nenad Zekavica Jan 2019

Survey Report Montenegro, Nenad Zekavica

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

During March and April 2019, a survey was conducted as part of the regional project that deals with the role of religion in Western Balkan countries. The survey was conducted as part of a research project and was conducted among members of the cultural and political elite of society. Its purpose is to give a sketch of the religious beliefs of different societies. The survey itself was developed as the result of the mutual cooperation among four partner institutions in the Balkans.

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