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2019

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Articles 23371 - 23400 of 26088

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Behavioral Similarities And Differences Among Symptoms Of Emetophobia, Disordered Eating, And Disgust, Jennifer Arden Petell Jan 2019

Behavioral Similarities And Differences Among Symptoms Of Emetophobia, Disordered Eating, And Disgust, Jennifer Arden Petell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Emetophobia, also known as the specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV), is a clinical disorder with severe symptomatology and chronicity. However, there remains a significant lack of knowledge in overall conceptualization and etiological understanding. Recent literature has described this disorder within the context of abnormal eating disorders, despite the essential difference in symptom function between SPOV and disordered eating (Keyes & Veale, 2018; Volpe et al., 2015). Therefore, the present study sought to further the conceptualization and delineation of symptoms of emetophobia and disordered eating, as well as their potential relation with disgust. More specifically, it was hypothesized that symptoms of …


The Effects Of Differing Optical Stimuli On Depth Perception In Virtual Reality, Mckennon B. Mcmillian Jan 2019

The Effects Of Differing Optical Stimuli On Depth Perception In Virtual Reality, Mckennon B. Mcmillian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is well documented that egocentric depth perception is underestimated in virtual reality more often than not. Many studies have been done to try and understand why this underestimation happens and what variables affect it. While this underestimation can be shown consistently the degree of underestimation can strongly differ from study to study, with as much as 68% to as low as 6% underestimation, Jones et al. (2011, 2008); Knapp(1999); Richardson and Waller (2007). Many of these same studies use blind walking as a tool to measure depth perception. With no standardized blind walking method for virtual reality existing differing …


The Influence Of Recall Instructions On The Verbal Overshadowing Effect, Melissa Ann Baker Jan 2019

The Influence Of Recall Instructions On The Verbal Overshadowing Effect, Melissa Ann Baker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current study investigated the influence of recall instructions on the verbal overshadowing effect (VOE). Participants watched a video of a burglar breaking and entering, were asked to recall information about the burglar, and attempted to identify the burglar from a photo lineup. Recall instructions were varied between participants. In Experiment 1, participants in a ‘general recall’ instruction condition were instructed to provide a description of the burglar’s physical appearance. Participants in a ‘face recall’ instruction condition were asked to provide a description of the burglar’s facial features. A control group of participants, the ‘no recall’ instruction condition, were not …


The Effects Of Market Fragmentation Around Corporate Events, Justin Steven Cox Jan 2019

The Effects Of Market Fragmentation Around Corporate Events, Justin Steven Cox

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In Part 1, I investigate the effects of market fragmentation in the liquidity formation of initial public offerings (IPOs). Recent exchange officials cite increases in market fragmentation as a hindrance to the liquidity formation in IPO trading. We find that IPOs are less fragmented at the start of IPO trading relative to later periods in the IPO secondary market. We also discover that more underpriced issues experience greater fragmentation, both lit and dark, at the start of IPO trading. Our study also examines the level of undisplayed liquidity in IPOs, finding more hidden trading at the start of IPO trading …


Community Resilience: A Meta-Study Of International Development Rhetoric In Emerging Economies, Rachel Ann Haggard Jan 2019

Community Resilience: A Meta-Study Of International Development Rhetoric In Emerging Economies, Rachel Ann Haggard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Understood generally, community resilience is the ability of communities to adapt, absorb, mitigate, and recover from shocks and stressors in such a way that facilitates positive future outcomes and reduces overall vulnerability to future shocks and stressors (Adger, 2000; Norris, Stevens, Pfefferbaum, Wyche & Pfefferbaum, 2008; USAID, 2013; Walker et al., 2004). The core of this definition relates to sustainability and the capability of socio-ecological systems and communities to adapt and transform to both day to day fluctuations and stressors as well as major disasters (Milman & Short, 2008; Walker et al., 2004). This meta-study seeks to shed light on …


The Politics Of Place, The Urban-Rural Divide, And Geographic Identities In American Politics, Daniel Fudge Jan 2019

The Politics Of Place, The Urban-Rural Divide, And Geographic Identities In American Politics, Daniel Fudge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To test these theories, I conduct a series of empirical tests using survey data from the American National Election Survey (ANES) and an original survey experiment. Chapter two examines how people’s ideological perceptions are moderated by living in a particular area. Using the ANES data, I conduct a regression analysis with an interaction of the respondent’s ideology and the geographic location. Chapter three analyzes how individuals perceive a political candidate based on partisan and geographic information presented to the respondent. Using an original survey experiment, this study seeks to illustrate how individuals across urban and rural America perceive Republican and …


Evaluation Of A Picture Exchange Communication System Program For Children With Autism, Jessica Rachel Mark Jan 2019

Evaluation Of A Picture Exchange Communication System Program For Children With Autism, Jessica Rachel Mark

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The current study examined the effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) as a functional communication training (FCT) program implemented by a local community agency specializing in autism diagnosis and treatment in developing communication skills among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Conducted using archival data, this study used a within-subjects repeated measures research design to determine if PECS improved the overall communication skills of enrolled participants at the agency, as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (Vineland-3) and the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Individual growth on communication goals was measured by comparing goals concerning …


Executive Functioning For Students With Educationally Significant Hearing Impairment Who Use The Auditory-Oral Approach: Program Development, Lauren Walker Jan 2019

Executive Functioning For Students With Educationally Significant Hearing Impairment Who Use The Auditory-Oral Approach: Program Development, Lauren Walker

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Research has suggested that children with hearing impairment have delays and difficulties with several areas of executive function. These deficits are believed to be related to delays in language development and other areas of cognitive functioning impacted by impaired access to language, particularly in the early years of childhood. However, ongoing impaired access in students who access auditory information with cochlear implants may also contribute to these deficits. In order to address these skills, existing research addressing executive functioning in students with hearing impairment was reviewed, and a program was formulated to address the common areas of deficit in these …


Does Early Screening Predict Special Education Placement By Age Five?, Samuel Josef Friedman Jan 2019

Does Early Screening Predict Special Education Placement By Age Five?, Samuel Josef Friedman

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The Early Screening Inventory-Revised is an early childhood assessment used to screen three and four-year-olds entering preschool. This screener assesses basic skills and one’s level of functioning as he or she begins to learn in an academic environment. The purpose of this screener is to alert the school district about students who may struggle academically in a school- based setting. Based on the results of the assessment, students can receive academic or behavioral support from the school if the teacher and parents of the child deem the support necessary. Students who receive support from the school may or may not …


How African American Men From Challenging Backgrounds Beat The Odds And Graduated From College, Valisha Terry Jan 2019

How African American Men From Challenging Backgrounds Beat The Odds And Graduated From College, Valisha Terry

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

While Bettis and Sternod (2009) asserted the notion of boys being in crisis as not a new phenomenon but a historically cyclical one, present research contends that African American men are one of the most at-risk groups in the United States. School and criminal-justice systems show similar results. African American men continue to lag in terms of graduation rates and college enrollment, while being overrepresented in victim violence and the criminal justice system. They also lead the nation in homicides as both victims and perpetrators. Despite these obstacles, many at-risk African American men graduate from college and excel in life. …


The Impact Caregiving And Decision-Making Has On Adult Sibling Relationships, Christina Vroman Jan 2019

The Impact Caregiving And Decision-Making Has On Adult Sibling Relationships, Christina Vroman

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Dementia is characterized by a decrease in cognitive functioning, usually characterized by a progressive decline in brain function over time. As the condition progresses, individuals require more assistance from others in order to maintain their activities of daily, independent living and decision-making among other functions of life. The responsibility of caring for the aging population usually falls on adult children, which can cause stress and tension within the family dynamic. Adult siblings tend to believe that the responsibility of caregiving should be equally split among siblings (Amaro & Miller, 2016); however, it is often the case that one sibling takes …


The Relationship Between Personal Values And Personality Traits In Inpatient Behavioral Patients, Chelsea M. Frank Jan 2019

The Relationship Between Personal Values And Personality Traits In Inpatient Behavioral Patients, Chelsea M. Frank

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Inpatient behavioral-health hospital admission has become an important therapeutic option for severely ill psychiatric patients and accounts for one third of the national mental-healthcare costs. After discharge, approximately 40% of patients with psychiatric problems are rehospitalized within 1 year of release from an inpatient behavioral-health hospital. Currently, no clear agreement exists within the psychology field as to which variables predict readmission. Identifying personal values and personality traits in assessment may be beneficial to help understand individual’s better, thereby informing treatment planning to help reduce the rate of readmission. The present study examined the relationship between personal values and personality traits …


The Relationship Between Witnessing Domestic Violence And Criminal Recidivism Among Juvenile Sex Offenders, Shamyra Marie Shaw Jan 2019

The Relationship Between Witnessing Domestic Violence And Criminal Recidivism Among Juvenile Sex Offenders, Shamyra Marie Shaw

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

This correlational archival dissertation focuses on the relationship between exposure to domestic violence and criminal recidivism among juvenile sexual offenders. The study examined archival criminal arrest records and self-reported data gathered from a sample of 67 male juvenile sexual offenders in a residential treatment facility. Given the somewhat limited explanations for and research into the causes of juvenile sexual re-offending and the importance of identifying its determinants, this topic may be viewed as having substantial importance to future research and criminal justice policy. Findings did not support the primary hypothesis that prior exposure to domestic violence would be positively correlated …


Behavioral Impairment Following Gestational Exposure To Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterial Aerosols In Male And Female Rats, Matthew Leland Eckard Jan 2019

Behavioral Impairment Following Gestational Exposure To Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterial Aerosols In Male And Female Rats, Matthew Leland Eckard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are beginning to be recognized as hazardous to human and animal health. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is primarily used as a whitening agent in paints, plastics, and sunscreens. While relatively inert in its bulk form, nano-TiO2 (diameter) can produce prolonged inflammation and oxidative stress in target tissue. Recently, the potential for nano-TiO2 to cause neuroinflammation and damage has heightened concerns about its continued use. One important concern is that nano-TiO2, and other metal oxide ENMs, may affect fetal neurodevelopment. Accordingly, it is imperative to screen ENMs, like TiO2, for possible neurotoxicity following developmental exposures. The current set of …


Functional Analyses: A Comparison Of Isolated And Synthesized Contingencies, Devin N. Graley Jan 2019

Functional Analyses: A Comparison Of Isolated And Synthesized Contingencies, Devin N. Graley

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

The purpose of the study was to compare traditional functional analysis procedures (isolated contingencies) to functional analysis procedures which are modified to include nuanced environmental variables (synthesized contingencies) for children in an outpatient setting in order to determine sensitivity to the isolated or synthesized contingencies. A multi-element design embedded into a multi-treatment design was used to evaluate differentiated rates of challenging behavior across the two analyses for three children exhibiting challenging behaviors. The results supported the utility of the traditional functional analysis (FA) procedures when compared to that of the interview informed synthesized contingency analysis (IISCA) for one of three …


Targeting Food Selectivity In Young Children In A Preschool Classroom Using A Multi-Component Treatment Package, Christina Challed Hesley Jan 2019

Targeting Food Selectivity In Young Children In A Preschool Classroom Using A Multi-Component Treatment Package, Christina Challed Hesley

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using a video model, graduated exposure (i.e., touch, smell, try, eat), and positive reinforcement to first increase food exploration, and then increase consumption of non-preferred foods in young children that exhibit food selectivity in a school setting. A multiple probe design across behaviors replicated across participants was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment package. The treatment package consisted of a video model of each target behavior (touch, smell, try, eat) and positive reinforcement which included preferred foods and materials. The results indicated that the treatment package was …


Commitment And Credibility In Fdi, Kathleen Sullivan Jan 2019

Commitment And Credibility In Fdi, Kathleen Sullivan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

How can firms in foreign direct investment (FDI) best protect their assets from host government contract beach? FDI is the largest and most stable form of external financing to less developed countries (LDCs). It increases job growth, technological development, and efficiency in the host country, subsequently increasing economic development. Companies prefer to invest in countries that are less prone to contract breach. I propose that credibility of commitments can help explain variation in contract breach. I propose that firms are most likely to avoid contract breach when they are involved in supply chains and when the host country has a …


Reconceptualizing Responsiveness For Network Governance: Insights From Cross-Sector Efforts To Assist The Displaced Population From Puerto Rico In Central Florida, Safiya Prysmakova Jan 2019

Reconceptualizing Responsiveness For Network Governance: Insights From Cross-Sector Efforts To Assist The Displaced Population From Puerto Rico In Central Florida, Safiya Prysmakova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study further expands current knowledge on responsiveness in the public administration field and examines factors that contribute to more responsive public service delivery networks. This research reconceptualized the concept of responsiveness under the lens of New Public Governance as a legitimate democratic public value and answered the following research questions: What constructs constitute to the concept of public service responsiveness? How can public service responsiveness be measured at the network level? Does the complexity of public service provision affect perceived public service network responsiveness? How do collaborative processes across network partners, community support, and resource munificence affect the responsiveness …


The Effect Of Reliability Information And Risk On Appropriate Reliance In An Autonomous Robot Teammate, Andrew Talone Jan 2019

The Effect Of Reliability Information And Risk On Appropriate Reliance In An Autonomous Robot Teammate, Andrew Talone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research examined how information regarding a robot teammate's reliability and the consequences for mistakes made by a robot in its task influence reliance on the robot by a human teammate. Of interest in this research was the notion of appropriate reliance: relying on a robot teammate's decisions when it is performing well and not relying on its decisions when it is performing poorly. An experiment was conducted in which participants interacted with an autonomous robot teammate while performing a cordon and search operation within a virtual reality simulation environment. Participants were responsible for monitoring the perimeter of a search …


Telephone-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Insomnia In Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Andel Nicasio Jan 2019

Telephone-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Insomnia In Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Andel Nicasio

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the efficacy and feasibility of a brief telephone-delivered CBT-I (TeleCBT-I) intervention in cancer patients compared to a control group. The study used a randomized controlled trial design. The TeleCBT-I program consisted of a brief four-week CBT-I program adapted for cancer patients. Patients completed assessment measures at pre-treatment, post-treatment and one-month follow-up. Out of 184 patients screened, 39 were randomly assigned, and 35 (TeleCBT-I, n = 19; Control, n = 16) completed pre- and post-treatment measures and were included in the analyses. Compared to control group, the TeleCBT-I group reported decreased insomnia severity symptoms (p < .014), improved sleep quality (p < .023), and reduced dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (p = .039) at post-treatment with sustained treatment effects at one-month follow-up. Sleep measures yielded large effect sizes (Hedges' g, 0.84-2.7). Although the TeleCBT-I group indicated improvements in fatigue, general functioning, physical well-being, functional well-being, and physical quality of life, effects at follow-up were observed only for fatigue, functional well-being and physical quality of life. No effects were found on depression at any of the time points. In terms of feasibility, TeleCBT-I demonstrated high adherence, high homework completion and high overall satisfaction. These results advance the empirical evidence of CBT-I in cancer patients and support the use of telephone-delivered CBT-I to widely disseminate and implement among patients with cancer.


A Network Agent-Based Model Of Ethnocentrism And Intergroup Cooperation, Carlos M. Lemos, Ross J. Gore, Laurence Lessard-Phillips, F. Leron Shults Jan 2019

A Network Agent-Based Model Of Ethnocentrism And Intergroup Cooperation, Carlos M. Lemos, Ross J. Gore, Laurence Lessard-Phillips, F. Leron Shults

VMASC Publications

We present a network agent-based model of ethnocentrism and intergroup cooperation in which agents from two groups (majority and minority) change their communality (feeling of group solidarity), cooperation strategy and social ties, depending on a barrier of “likeness” (affinity). Our purpose was to study the model’s capability for describing how the mechanisms of preexisting markers (or “tags”) that can work as cues for inducing in-group bias, imitation, and reaction to non-cooperating agents, lead to ethnocentrism or intergroup cooperation and influence the formation of the network of mixed ties between agents of different groups. We explored the model’s behavior via four …


Energy Intensity As An Ecological Factor In The Selection Of The Manufacturing Process, Artur Soroczyński, Roman Haratym, Krzystof Rechowicz Jan 2019

Energy Intensity As An Ecological Factor In The Selection Of The Manufacturing Process, Artur Soroczyński, Roman Haratym, Krzystof Rechowicz

VMASC Publications

The article presents the analysis of the implementation of selected elements of car transport in the aspect of ecology. The basic issue that affects the protection of the environment (ecology) is the value of energy intensity in the manufacture of products. The elements made in the production process of plastic mouldings were compared. The amount of energy in kJ needed to produce 1 kg of a given product was estimated. Next, the dependencies between the value of computational energy intensity and the emission of gases affecting the environment of CO2, SO2, NOx were presented. As …


Negotiating Household Quality Of Life And Social Cohesion At Ucanha, Yucatan, Mexico, During The Late Preclassic To Early Classic Transition, Barry Kidder Jan 2019

Negotiating Household Quality Of Life And Social Cohesion At Ucanha, Yucatan, Mexico, During The Late Preclassic To Early Classic Transition, Barry Kidder

Theses and Dissertations--Anthropology

The main focus of this project is to chronicle whether or not social inequality increased among households and community-level interactions in Ucanha, Yucatan, Mexico, at the time it was physically integrated with a larger regional polity headed by Ucí around the Terminal Preclassic/Early Classic (50 BCE – CE 400) transition. My research seeks to identify how social distinctions emerged during the early moments of social inequality and how these distinctions did or did not become a threat to social cohesion, as seen in the Early Classic “collapse” in some areas. Using a relational theoretical perspective, I argue that political authority …


Preserving The Archives In The 21st Century Classroom: Designing History Classes Around Primary Source Research., Julie Harper Pace Jan 2019

Preserving The Archives In The 21st Century Classroom: Designing History Classes Around Primary Source Research., Julie Harper Pace

Georgia Educational Researcher

This article details an experiment in an 11th and 12th grade 3-week intensive course, the Science and History of Contagious Disease. The course was an interdisciplinary survey of how diseases are spread along with an examination of social responses. Although both lecture and discussion based, the course revolved primary around a trip in which we led approximately 22 students through archival research in the City of Savannah Municipal Archives on the Yellow Fever epidemics of 1820, 1854, and 1876. The article describes the numerous advantages of archival work, from direct contact with rare and unique primary sources to …


Parental Availability As A Predictor Of Academic Success Among Students Of A Private Residential School, Lesley Kubisiak Logan Jan 2019

Parental Availability As A Predictor Of Academic Success Among Students Of A Private Residential School, Lesley Kubisiak Logan

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

A private residential school in the northeast United States provides a cost-free coeducation to qualifying pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade students. One of the most important application factors is need, which is measured by a scale for parental availability. For a parent to be considered unavailable, any or all of the following areas could be present: limited physical capacity to effectively parent the child, limited mental capacity to effectively parent the child, active abuse of drugs or alcohol or ongoing substance abuse history, inadequate supervision, chronic neglect, incarceration, death, no contact or sporadic contact (e.g., not on a regular basis or …


Student Participation In School Sponsored Extra-Curricular Activities At The Elementary School Level And The Impact Of Student Engagement, Kirsten D. Myers Jan 2019

Student Participation In School Sponsored Extra-Curricular Activities At The Elementary School Level And The Impact Of Student Engagement, Kirsten D. Myers

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Getting students involved in their day to day educational processes is often challenging and, in some schools, systems appear almost unrealistic. Students in school do not often see the value of or make the connection with the importance of education. Students see movie stars such as Jennifer Lawrence drop out of school at fourteen, singers, rappers and others in the entertainment industry who are successful and make millions without an education. The potential of a YouTube posting, turning someone into a star looms in their imaginations and they think it could happen to them. Students today are even more enticed …


Examining The Impact Of Educational Modules On Self-Care, Burnout, And Professional Impairment On Graduate And Medical Students, Samantha Giangrande Jan 2019

Examining The Impact Of Educational Modules On Self-Care, Burnout, And Professional Impairment On Graduate And Medical Students, Samantha Giangrande

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Graduate school is a time of academic rigor, personal growth, stress, change, fear, and confrontation. It is important for medical and other graduate students to prepare themselves to serve and treat their patients effectively. An important part of this involves learning skills to better manage challenges and demands through ongoing self-care. However, little research has examined what knowledge students have of self-care strategies and burnout or whether education about these constructs is lacking in higher education. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of self-care and impairment modules for medical and other graduate students enrolled in an …


Working With Transgender And Gender-Variant Youth: Teacher Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceived Competence, Charla J. Curtis Jan 2019

Working With Transgender And Gender-Variant Youth: Teacher Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceived Competence, Charla J. Curtis

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Despite the fact that research shows that access to supportive adults within the school is consistently associated with better outcomes for LGBTQ students (McGuire, Anderson, Toomey, & Russell, 2010; Kosciw et al., 2018), most teachers do not receive significant training—either preservice or post-certification—about some diversity issues, including gender and sexual orientation (Jennings, 2005). Consequently, many educators lack knowledge about transgender individuals, their needs, experiences, and the unique challenges they face. This survey study explored teachers’ perspectives about working with transgender and gender-variant children and adolescents. A total of 76 teachers in the Greater Philadelphia Metropolitan Area, serving students in public …


A Survey Of Teacher Receptiveness Regarding Inclusive Education Within A New Jersey Urban School District, Tammy Hobbs-Ginsberg Jan 2019

A Survey Of Teacher Receptiveness Regarding Inclusive Education Within A New Jersey Urban School District, Tammy Hobbs-Ginsberg

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The inclusion model is being implemented on a national scale in response to the United States Department of Education’s mandate that all pupils with special needs be integrated into the general education classroom. For the inclusion model to yield adequate yearly progress for all pupils, it must be appropriately applied. Research has indicated that an important factor in adequate implementation is an understanding of teachers’ initial attitudes concerning inclusion. The propose of this study is to survey the receptiveness of kindergarten through high school special and general education teachers in an urban New Jersey school district concerning inclusion. More specifically, …


Long-Term Use Of Beta-Blocker Medication In Pediatric Long Qt Syndrome Patients: Neuropsychological Profiles, Kara J. Rudisill Jan 2019

Long-Term Use Of Beta-Blocker Medication In Pediatric Long Qt Syndrome Patients: Neuropsychological Profiles, Kara J. Rudisill

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a heart rhythm disorder characterized by a disruption of the heart’s electrical activity that may cause accelerated and uncontrolled heartbeats referred to as ventricular fibrillation. LQTS is primarily treated with beta-blocker medications, which reduce the risk of experiencing an arrhythmia through regulating the heart rate. However, the potential neuropsychological side-effects associated with the use of beta-blocker medication may impact the executive functioning skills, mental health, and behavior of the affected pediatric population at home. As a result, a child’s academic performance and emotional regulation etiology may be misunderstood by his or her parents, caregivers, and …