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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

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2019

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Articles 21271 - 21300 of 26090

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Police Surveillance Of Cell Phone Location Data: Supreme Court Versus Public Opinion, Emma W. Marshall, Jennifer L. Groscup, Eve Brank, Analay Perez, Lori A. Hoetger Jan 2019

Police Surveillance Of Cell Phone Location Data: Supreme Court Versus Public Opinion, Emma W. Marshall, Jennifer L. Groscup, Eve Brank, Analay Perez, Lori A. Hoetger

Center on Children, Families, and the Law: Faculty Publications

The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures. As technology evolves, courts must examine Fourth Amendment concerns implicated by the introduction of new and enhanced police surveillance techniques. Recent Supreme Court cases have demonstrated a trend towards reconsidering the mechanical application of traditional Fourth Amendment doctrine to define the scope of constitutional protections for modern technological devices and personal data. The current research examined whether public opinion regarding privacy rights in electronic communications is in accordance with these Supreme Court rulings. Results suggest that cell phone location data is perceived as more private …

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Speaking Their Truth: Black Women's Perspectives On Executive-Level Administration In Higher Education, Tanja N. Bibbs Jan 2019

Speaking Their Truth: Black Women's Perspectives On Executive-Level Administration In Higher Education, Tanja N. Bibbs

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

While Black women have etched a place for themselves as leaders within colleges and universities, few have advanced to the most senior levels of postsecondary administration and they remain underrepresented in those type of roles (Gamble & Turner, 2015; Jackson & Harris, 2007; West, 2015). Scholarly research has explored Black women’s experiences as institutional leaders (Davis & Maldonado, 2015; Smith & Crawford, 2007; Waring, 2003); yet the phenomenon of executive-level higher education administration, specifically as it relates to Black women’s perspectives, is not well known (Enke, 2014; Jean-Marie, Williams, & Sherman, 2009). Moreover, research that directs attention to Black women’s …

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Barriers To Implementing A Single-Use Plastic Bag Ban In Missoula, Tess Elizabeth Parker Jan 2019

Barriers To Implementing A Single-Use Plastic Bag Ban In Missoula, Tess Elizabeth Parker

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Single-use plastic bags have been in the media spotlight over the past several years due to their harmful environmental impact. Key issues include accumulating waste and litter pollution. The City of Missoula should enact a bag ban due to its environmentally conscious culture. Discussed in the paper are potential barriers and examples of successful bans and how to apply them locally.

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Visions Of The Future In Budgetary Discourse, Ewan Macdonald, Brendan O'Rourke, John Hogan Jan 2019

Visions Of The Future In Budgetary Discourse, Ewan Macdonald, Brendan O'Rourke, John Hogan

Conference papers

Whilst there is ample precedent to argue against the common-sense notion that the ideological leanings of political parties are congruent with their implementation of fiscal policy (Boix, 2000; Garrett & Lange, 1991; Hibbs, 1977; Liargovas & Manolas, 2007), there is a relative dearth of research on the role of discourse in shaping fiscal policy with one notable exception by Maatsch (2014). With this in mind, we approach the issue of examining fiscal policy through a fixed, contested and subverted within particular texts” (Howarth, 2005, p. 341). This paper examines how the future is constructed in Irish budget speeches delivered between …

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Community Notification Policies, J.J. Prescott Jan 2019

Community Notification Policies, J.J. Prescott

Book Chapters

Community notification policies seek to prevent crime, raise awareness, or otherwise educate the public about criminal activity by requiring or permitting the police or other community actors to disseminate information to the public. Policies can focus on potential victims, potential offenders, the community at large, or some combination of these three. Victim-oriented policies seek to reduce the likelihood of victimization by encouraging precautionary behavior on the part of at-risk individuals. Offender-oriented policies publicize information (e.g., the severity of penalties or the likelihood of arrest) with the aim of deterring potential offenders from engaging in harmful activities. Community-oriented policies provide the …

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Change In Patient Activation And Mental Illness Symptoms After Communication Training: A Multisite Study With A Diverse Patient Sample, Mengchun Chiang, Janet Chang, Ora Nakash, Mario Cruz-Gonzalez, Mirko K. Fillbrunn, Margarita Alegría Jan 2019

Change In Patient Activation And Mental Illness Symptoms After Communication Training: A Multisite Study With A Diverse Patient Sample, Mengchun Chiang, Janet Chang, Ora Nakash, Mario Cruz-Gonzalez, Mirko K. Fillbrunn, Margarita Alegría

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Objective: Patient activation involves patients’ ability and motivation to communicate about their health and health care. Research has demonstrated that clinician or patient interventions may improve patient activation. This study explored the degree to which clinician and patient interventions affected both patient activation and symptoms of depression and anxiety in a racially and ethnically diverse clinical sample. Methods: Data were from a randomized clinical trial that included 312 patients and 74 clinicians from 13 Massachusetts community- and hospital-based outpatient behavioral health clinics. Patients completed measures of patient activation and depression and anxiety symptoms. Secondary data analyses were conducted to examine …

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Making Your Vote Worth More: The Impact Of Electoral Rules On Voters' Behaviors In Ireland, The Netherlands, And The U.S., Skylar Knight Jan 2019

Making Your Vote Worth More: The Impact Of Electoral Rules On Voters' Behaviors In Ireland, The Netherlands, And The U.S., Skylar Knight

Honors Program Theses

This research examines the impact of electoral rules on voters’ behaviors. More specifically, how do majoritarian and proportional electoral arrangements influence citizens’ efficacy, knowledge, and sophistication levels and how, in turn, do they affect voter turnout in Ireland, the Netherlands, and the U.S.? It is hypothesized that typical predictors of political participation (e.g. educational attainment, partisanship, etc.) are more significant in the U.S. because majoritarian electoral arrangements impose greater informational costs and offer fewer participatory incentives. Conducting multivariate regression analysis with data from The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES), I conclude that electoral systems do indeed impact voters’ behaviors …

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A Critical Review Of The Best Practices For Displaced Students In Orange County Public Schools, Nicole Hubert Jan 2019

A Critical Review Of The Best Practices For Displaced Students In Orange County Public Schools, Nicole Hubert

Honors Program Theses

In September of 2017, Hurricane Maria hit the island of Puerto Rico, resulting in the displacement of 35,000 people to Central Florida. Consequently, approximately 4,000 displaced students were enrolled in Orange County Public Schools, one of the largest and most racially diverse school districts in both Florida and the United States. Displaced students did not receive the attention deserved leading to academic and psychological difficulties. This critical review recommends curricular best practices specific to displaced English Language Learner (ELL) students, including ELL specific approaches, technology-based approaches, and models for trauma-related care. Additionally, administrative best practices are proposed to address issues …

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The Use Of State-Sponsored Torture For National Security: A Debate On The Permissibility Of Torture In The Name Of Public Safety, Matthew Fisher Jan 2019

The Use Of State-Sponsored Torture For National Security: A Debate On The Permissibility Of Torture In The Name Of Public Safety, Matthew Fisher

Honors Program Theses

Can the United States government’s use of state-sponsored torture ever be justified for national security purposes? This question is a taboo subject that frequently elicits passionate responses from individuals who argue both for and against its use in upholding national security. This vigorous debate challenges moral, ethical, legal, and even pragmatic ideals in seeking to determine if state use of torture can ever be a part of America’s national security strategy. These considerations, and others, have inspired this research project and the specific research question which seeks to determine whether the United States government’s use of state-sponsored torture for national …

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"I Couldn't Play With Anyone That Day... I'M So Frustrated": Making Meaning Out Of Frustrating Experiences In Early Childhood, Megan Welliver Jan 2019

"I Couldn't Play With Anyone That Day... I'M So Frustrated": Making Meaning Out Of Frustrating Experiences In Early Childhood, Megan Welliver

Honors Program Theses

The aim of the present study was to explore the content and sources of children’s independently narrated stories about personal experiences with frustration. Additionally, the study examined internal state language in stories that shifted to a resolution or positive emotional tone. Seventeen children (ages 46 – 61 months) attending a laboratory preschool, and twenty children (ages 65 – 78 months) attending kindergarten at a public elementary school shared stories about “a time when you were frustrated.” Stories were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded for reports of total, unique, negative and positive emotions, cognitive states, emotional tone shift/resolution, and resolution strategies. Grounded …

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Frequency Of Academic Interactions With Racial And Ethnic Minority Students And Student Attitudes Towards Campus Diversity And Diversity Programs, Sydney Theerman Jan 2019

Frequency Of Academic Interactions With Racial And Ethnic Minority Students And Student Attitudes Towards Campus Diversity And Diversity Programs, Sydney Theerman

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

In response to concerns about differential access to higher education and the recognition of the value of diversity, universities are developing new programs to promote diversity and inclusive learning experiences on their campuses. Given this, it is important to understand what factors increase student support and understanding of the benefits of campus diversity in order to create an inclusive and tolerant campus environment. A number of studies have examined the impact of close friendships with people of minority race or ethnicity on students’ experiences with racial/ethnic diversity. This study adds to this research by focusing on interracial and interethnic academic …

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Anxiety-Like Behavior In Adolescent Rats Following Maternal Separation And Chronic Cocaine Exposure, Jonathan Handy Jan 2019

Anxiety-Like Behavior In Adolescent Rats Following Maternal Separation And Chronic Cocaine Exposure, Jonathan Handy

Behavioral Neuroscience Honors Papers

Cocaine is one of the most widely used illicit substances in the world and has an addiction rate comparable to opioids. Early Life Stress (ELS) has been shown to have a profound influence on the development of an individual, showing strong correlations to the development of psychiatric disorders and psychostimulant abuse. Adolescents in particular are at a high risk for the abuse of psychostimulants such as cocaine. Previous studies have individually described the correlation between cocaine addiction and anxiety, and the correlation between ELS and cocaine addiction. Rats who have experienced some form of ELS have shown a higher levels …

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Voices Of Hope And Trepidation: Usf Scholars Tackle Critical Issues Concerning The Future Of The San Francisco Bay Area, Saera R. Khan, Christine J. Yeh Jan 2019

Voices Of Hope And Trepidation: Usf Scholars Tackle Critical Issues Concerning The Future Of The San Francisco Bay Area, Saera R. Khan, Christine J. Yeh

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

Eighteen university scholars representing different academic fields provide their expertise in critical issues to underscore how the Bay Area’s stories of success and troubling challenges may forecast what our country could and would become. Although many of us share Manuel Pastor’s optimism in his book State of Resistance, we also focus on the experiences of marginalized communities which allows us to envision a version of success that is inclusive.

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Bay Area – Nexus Of Change – But Toward What?, Rick Ayers Jan 2019

Bay Area – Nexus Of Change – But Toward What?, Rick Ayers

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

The Bay Area has a history as a site of innovation and change. With Caffe Trieste as a backdrop, Rick Ayers considers recent shifts in culture and freedom.

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Going To Jail To Receive Mental Healthcare?, Lisa De La Rue Jan 2019

Going To Jail To Receive Mental Healthcare?, Lisa De La Rue

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

San Francisco jails are now the largest mental health facility in the country. Lisa De La Rue writes about issues with affordable healthcare and the growing population of incarcerated people with mental illness.

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Queering California’S K-12 History Curriculum, David Donahue Jan 2019

Queering California’S K-12 History Curriculum, David Donahue

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

To comply with the California Fair, Accurate, Inclusive and Respectful Act (FAIR Act), new inclusive textbooks were developed for K-12 instruction. David Donahue discusses the process of implementation and how this will impact curriculum in California and across the United States.

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It’S About Discrimination And Equality, Not Just Diversity And Bad Actors, Tristin Green Jan 2019

It’S About Discrimination And Equality, Not Just Diversity And Bad Actors, Tristin Green

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

Silicon Valley firms have made changes in response to accusations of discrimination and harassment. Tristin Green writes about the narrative around individuals and suggests that the focus move to systemic problems within organizations.

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Aging In The Bay: Where We Excel And Fall Short In Serving The Needs Of Older Adults, Erin Grinshteyn Jan 2019

Aging In The Bay: Where We Excel And Fall Short In Serving The Needs Of Older Adults, Erin Grinshteyn

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

As the population of California and the Bay Area gets older, issues of high cost of living and transportation makes it difficult for elderly people. Erin Grinshteyn looks at initiatives in the Bay Area to help the aging populations.

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Entrepreneurship In Silicon Valley: The Road To Sustainable Prosperity, June Y. Lee Jan 2019

Entrepreneurship In Silicon Valley: The Road To Sustainable Prosperity, June Y. Lee

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

Although Silicon Valley has made significant cultural and technological advancements, only 9% of decision-makers at U.S. based venture capital firms are women and only 15% of the U.S venture dollars in 2017 went to teams with a female founder. June Y. Lee writes about the long history of successful entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley and the relationship between academia and industry.

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Data Science: Past, Present, And Future, Vijay Mehrotra Jan 2019

Data Science: Past, Present, And Future, Vijay Mehrotra

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

Data science is a growing in popularity. Vijay Mehrotra chronicles the field from its inception in the early days of technology to new and emerging areas in technology and management.

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A New Model Of Art Commerce, John Zarobell Jan 2019

A New Model Of Art Commerce, John Zarobell

Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Scholarship

Rising rents in San Francisco led to galleries closing and vanishing studio space for artists. John Zarobell explores innovative development of art galleries and studios as a new model for creative spaces.

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A Region Recovers: Planning For Resilience After Superstorm Sandy, Donovan Finn, Divya Chandrasekhar, Yu Xiao Jan 2019

A Region Recovers: Planning For Resilience After Superstorm Sandy, Donovan Finn, Divya Chandrasekhar, Yu Xiao

School of Marine & Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications

2012’s Superstorm Sandy had a devastating impact on the New York City metropolitan region, including the suburban Long Island coast and the New Jersey shore. Given the size, density, complexity, and diversity of the region, many approaches have been used to address post-storm recovery. Planning has been central to these efforts. Using in-depth interviews with recovery stakeholders, this analysis of the planning responses to Sandy illustrates what an emergent model of resilient recovery planning looks like and highlights the kinds of resources and approaches that help facilitate this approach. We argue that preexisting planning capacity, strong political leadership, and nongovernmental …

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Fp-19-01 Cohabitors Raising Shared Children, Kasey J. Eickmeyer Jan 2019

Fp-19-01 Cohabitors Raising Shared Children, Kasey J. Eickmeyer

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-02 Composition Of Cohabitating Families, Kasey J. Eickmeyer Jan 2019

Fp-19-02 Composition Of Cohabitating Families, Kasey J. Eickmeyer

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-05 Age Variation In The First Marriage Rate, 1990 & 2017, Kasey J. Eickmeyer Jan 2019

Fp-19-05 Age Variation In The First Marriage Rate, 1990 & 2017, Kasey J. Eickmeyer

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-06 Median Age At First Marriage, 2017, Krista K. Payne Jan 2019

Fp-19-06 Median Age At First Marriage, 2017, Krista K. Payne

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-12 High School Seniors’ Ideal Time To Marry, 2017, Colette A. Allred Jan 2019

Fp-19-12 High School Seniors’ Ideal Time To Marry, 2017, Colette A. Allred

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-13 Age Variation In The Divorce Rate, 1990 & 2017, Colette Allred Jan 2019

Fp-19-13 Age Variation In The Divorce Rate, 1990 & 2017, Colette Allred

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-15 Family Formation Experiences: Shares Of Women Who Married And Had A Birth, 1979 & 2016, Paul Hemez Jan 2019

Fp-19-15 Family Formation Experiences: Shares Of Women Who Married And Had A Birth, 1979 & 2016, Paul Hemez

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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Fp-19-17 The Retreat From Remarriage, 1950-2017, Valerie Schweizer Jan 2019

Fp-19-17 The Retreat From Remarriage, 1950-2017, Valerie Schweizer

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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