Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Defensive Pessimism And Goal Setting, Elizabeth Anna Guth

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Studies have found that the defensive pessimism cognitive strategy which involves going into situations with unrealistically low expectations despite previous high performance, leads to lower levels of performance when individuals taking on this strategy have expectations placed upon them in the form of encouragement (Norem & Cantor, 1986a, 1986b). Thus far, no one has applied goal setting theory to this phenomenon to try to investigate the possible interactive effects of goal setting and encouragement on performance (Locke & Latham, 2002). This study hypothesized that specific difficult goals would have negative effects on individuals more likely to take on a defensive …

Teacher-Directed Violence: The Role Of Disempowerment In Turnover, Eric A. Peist

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Teacher turnover is a significant issue in education, creating great economic cost and affecting students in the form of academic performance and instructional continuity. While many factors impact turnover, the effects of teacher-directed violence have rarely been explored. Violence directed against teachers has been linked to negative outcomes, such as emotional distress and professional disengagement. The construct of empowerment, or disempowerment, can help researchers to better understand the relationship between teacher-directed violence and teacher turnover, allowing for an ecological approach that explores the context around teachers’ experiences of violence. The current study uses mixed methods to analyze this relationship, based …

Economic Pressure And Depressive Symptoms Among Latino Youth: The Role Of Control Beliefs And Family Obligation, Ashley Castro

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Latino youth in the United States experience high rates of both poverty and of depressive symptoms and disorders (CDC, 2012; DeNavas-Walt, Proctor, & Smith, 2014). According to the Adaptation to Poverty Related Stress model (APRS; Wadsworth, Raviv, Compas, & Connor-Smith, 2005), economic pressure is positively linked to adolescent depression via coping. Using a resilience perspective, the present study extends the APRS model by exploring the role that cultural values, namely family obligation, and control beliefs play in the relation between economic pressure and depressive symptoms for Latino youth. Participants in this study were 404 Latino children and adolescents (M …

Toward Pay Equity: A Motivational Intervention To Reduce Gender Differences In Salary Negotiations, Mary Margaret Keegin

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

A persistent wage gap exists between women and men in the United States (Catalyst, 2015; Hegewisch, Ellis, & Hartmann, 2015). Although the reasons behind the wage gap are extremely complex, one of the methods through which pay equity may be reached could involve altering the way people approach their goals at the bargaining table, especially since women tend to underperform relative to men in salary negotiations (Mazei, Hüffmeier, Freund, Stuhlmacher, Bilke, & Hertel, 2015). Salary negotiations represent a critical piece of the pay equity puzzle, particularly when individuals are starting their careers. If equally qualified men and women begin their …

Sold A Dream: An Experimental Test Of The Predictions Of The Elaboration Likelihood Model Of Persuasion In A Predatory Student Lending Scenario, Lauren M. Pytel

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Understanding why consumers fall prey to fraud and scams is a critically important area of research. Yet few comprehensive models of fraud victimization exist. The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion (ELM; Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) is a possible exception (e.g., Rusch, 1999; Langenderfer & Shimp, 2001; Lea et al., 2009), but the predictions of ELM remain to be empirically tested in a fraud-related decision context. Here, four experiments testing the predictions of ELM in a predatory student lending scenario are presented. Although results only partially supported the predictions of ELM, it is suggested that ELM can continue to serve as …

Coping With Stigma And Social Exclusion Of Terror-Convicts’ Wives In Indonesia: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Any Rufaedah, Idhamsyah Eka Putra

The Qualitative Report

This research aims to: (1) understand the various forms of stigma and social exclusion toward the wives of those convicted of terrorism, (2) understand the psychological impact of stigma and social exclusion toward the wives, (3) understand the coping mechanism of the wives toward stigma and social exclusion. The all Muslim participants were 24 wives of terror convicts or former convicts who lived in East Java, Central Java, and West Java. The data were collected through interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD), whereas interpretative psychological analysis were used to explore the participants’ experience. Results of the study show that participants …

Ideological Positions Of Hispanic College Students In The Rio Grande Valley: Using A Two-Dimensional Model To Account For Domestic Policy Preference, William Greene, Mi-Son Kim

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

While a good amount of research has been conducted regarding the voting behavior of Hispanics in the United States, there is a dearth of analysis of the underlying ideologies of members of this ethnic group, especially in contrast to their partisan self-identifications. This is especially true of one particular sub-category: Hispanics along the Rio Grande Valley of south Texas, of whom a majority consistently vote Democrat, but whose personal values would seem to make them a natural constituency for issue positions associated with the Republican Party (Garrett, 2010). The goal of this study is to analyze the ideological positions of …

Understanding Emotion In Educational And Service Organizations Through Semi-Structured Interviews: Some Conceptual And Practical Insights, Izhar Oplatka 9512056

The Qualitative Report

The aim of this paper is to illuminate the challenges, complexities, and strategies of semi-structured interviewing in studies about emotion in educational organizations, in general, and about teacher emotion and emotion in educational leadership, in particular, and, thereby, enable interviewers to make thoughtful decisions concerning planning and implementing future interviews on this sensitive issue. After a short review of the literature on semi-structured interviews, I analyze the distinctive characteristics of the planning phase (e.g., sample, sampling, location) and the implementation phase (e.g., the opening stage, rapport, hazards) in interviewing teachers and educational leaders about their emotion management, emotion regulation and …

Adapting Medical Guidelines To Be Patient-Centered Using A Patient-Driven Process For Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease And Their Caregivers, Robert M. Cronin, Tilicia Mayo-Gamble, Sarah-Jo Stimpson, Sherif M. Badawy, Lori E. Crosby, Jeannie Byrd, Emmanuel J. Volanakis, Adetola A. Kassim, Jean L. Raphael, Velma Mcbride Murry, Michael Debaun

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Background: Evidence-based guidelines for sickle cell disease (SCD) health maintenance and management have been developed for primary health care providers, but not for individuals with SCD. To improve the quality of care delivered to individuals with SCD and their caregivers, the main purposes of this study were to: (1) understand the desire for patient-centered guidelines among the SCD community; and (2) adapt guideline material to be patient-centered using community-engagement strategies involving health care providers, community -based organizations, and individuals with the disease.

Methods: From May–December 2016, a volunteer sample of 107 individuals with SCD and their caregivers gave …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Justice Reinvestment Legislation In Oregon: Analyses Of State And County Implementation, Christopher Wade Dollar

Dissertations and Theses

Sentencing reform and "tough on crime" policies have assisted in the inflation of the United States' prison population by nearly 400% over the last 50 years. In 2003, justice reinvestment was conceptualized as a way to decrease recidivism and remedy the exorbitant correctional spending by reinvesting funds on rehabilitation and reentry assistance to those leaving custodial institutions. Early implementations of justice reinvestment in Connecticut and Texas achieved both savings and reductions in prison populations. This led to the creation of the Justice Reinvestment Initiative by the U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance in 2010. Officials of the Justice Reinvestment Initiative sought …

Anti-Lgb Hate Crimes: Political Threat Or Political Legitimization?, Johanna R. Shreve

Dissertations and Theses

While activists and others have argued that the legitimization of biased attitudes and stereotypes by political leaders foments violence against minority groups, criminological research in the U.S. has focused more on "threat" hypotheses that view hate crime as a retaliatory response to perceived gains or encroachment of targeted groups. Another view suggests that heightened public visibility of hate crimes or other bias issues, usually in the form of media coverage, increases hate crimes. This study compares the effect on anti-LGB crimes of events representing political threat (a court decision legalizing marriage equality) and political legitimization of bias (passage of a …

Reconciling The Opportunities And Obstacles Of Motherhood Following Corrections Involvement, Summer Brooke Newell

Dissertations and Theses

This mixed methods dissertation is comprised of three papers that consider interrelated ways in which social bonds, within the context of parenting, are experienced by women recently involved with the corrections system. Types of social bonds considered include agency professionals, romantic partners, and children--all previously theorized to play a role during the reentry period. These social bonds are considered within the context of the challenges experienced during this period, and how and why these social bonds may--or may not--support women as they transition back into the community.

Research Output Analysis Of Top Six Universities Of Tamil Nadu, India : A Scientometric View, Sadik Batcha M

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Scientometrics is an important field of information science as it represents a unique set of techniques and tools for the monitoring and analysis of information resources and for the management of knowledge in social and organizational contexts. This article analysed the various Scientometric components of the articles published by top six universities of Tamil Nadu from 2000-2017. The study identifies research trend, characteristics growth and collaboration pattern of published literature. The analysis of data reveals that the average growth rate increases at the rate of 9.76%. Further, the average citation per paper observed is 12.18%. High degree of international collaboration …

A Scientometric Analysis Of Environmental Management Research Output During 1989 To 2014, Amsaveni N, Harikrishnan Ca

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The main objective of this article is to find out most prolific authors and journals in the environmental management research output during 1989 to 2014. This area is an interdisciplinary subject and developed dramatically over the last few decades. Scientometrics offers assess the quantitative analytical techniques with the development and growth of research in Environmental management. The total sample data retrieved from the database of Web of Knowledge, includes, SCI, SSCI, A&HCI. Total records of 61877 research articles retrieved from 22 types of different sources. Applicability of Bradford’s law and Lotka’s law methods was tested.

The Importance Of Information In International Relations, Njabulo Bruce Khumalo, Miniyothabo Baloyi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Information and information technologies are steering international relations as they have fostered collaborations and even wars. Competition for information and information products have resulted in massive cyber-attacks and information wars. Information is being used by different countries for economic and political gains and this has brought about information theft and manipulation over the cyber. Information has become a central and key driver in international relations. However, different countries are not aware of the exact extent of the importance of information in international relations. This has made them not pay attention to securing their information and information products and even not …

Historic Preservation And Progress In Atlanta: Opportunity Knocks, Ian Michael Rogers

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

This paper explores where Atlanta’s historic preservation ethos stands in 2017. Further, this paper examines and analyzes how historic preservation can be more fully supported in Atlanta through strategic tools and policies.

Natura 2000 - The European Union Mechanism For Nature Conservation. Some Legal Issues., Maria Kenig-Witkowska

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Water Shortage And Water Law: The Impending Crisis In Semi-Arid Climates, Bonnie Persons

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

Water is a business driver and a substantial source of both wealth and risk. Water is also under increasing statutory and legislative pressure as jurisdictions strive to manage water resources more holistically by addressing both surface and groundwater together, but on a more decentralized and sustainable basis. The potential collapse of the municipal water system in Cape Town, South Africa serves as a stark alarm for cities in arid and semi-arid, Mediterranean-like environments. This risk is especially true of cities like Marseilles, France and regions like California. By comparing the impacts of the water law in these different jurisdictions, this …

Three Cases In Point: A Comparison Of Legal Access To Housing For Low-Income And Homeless Populations In Cape Town, Marseille And Miami, Leila Lawlor

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

Miami, Cape Town, and Marseille have taken dissimilar approaches in their attempts to legislate and supply affordable housing to those in need. One of these cities has no justiciable right whatsoever, one has a right set out in its national constitution, and one has a right set out in its national law. These cities have had different degrees of success in aiding those in need of adequate housing; however, each of these cities continues to suffer from both a lack of affordable housing and a widening income gap. Examining the frameworks and the efforts of these three port cities establishes …

Ten Years Of The French Dalo And The Catalan Right To Housing Act: European Innovation In The Fields Of Land Use Planning And Housing, Camille Mialot, Juli Ponce

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

The main objective of this article is to give an overview for an international audience of the results of two acts which were passed the same year, 2007 - the French Enforceable right to housing (Droit au logement opposable, later referred as DALO) Act, and the Catalan Right to Housing Act (Llei catalana del dret a l´habitatge, CRHA). Both acts are good examples of legal innovations regarding land use and housing at the beginning of the 21st Century. The first one established an enforceable right to housing in France for the first time in French history. The second one is …

Social Dimensions And Social Function Born In Latin America: Property Limits In The U.S. And The European Union Legal Systems, Wellington Migliari

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

This article is a comparative analysis of property systems and their social dimensions between the United States (U.S.) and the European Union (EU). Throughout the article, we show how the fees and development taxes applied in the U.S. refer to an ex ante rationale assumed by private owners to compensate communities for land transformation or environmental impacts, while inside the EU, the political consensus is responsible for the imposition of limits in ex post abuses of ownership. Either in public administrations, or in the Council of Ministers of the EU, the social function of property is better understood as a …

Regional Public/Private Partnerships As Entrepreneurial Bricolage, John F. Mcardle

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

Entrepreneurial development of contaminated or blighted land, commonly referred to as “brownfield,” carries significant enterprise risk. When considering competing opportunities, capital tends to flow in an adverse direction from higher-risk activity where outcomes are less certain. In addition, a complicated regulatory landscape can increase transaction costs which further limit the desirability of these projects. Often, that leaves the remediation of environmentally compromised property in the hands of the public sector. Yet, in industrialized nations with significant brownfield presence, government is often unable to solely cure defects due to limited fiscal resources and competing policy imperatives. One solution to the problem …

The Emergence Of Metropolitan Areas As A New Form Of Interfederative Governance: A Comparative Study Of Aix-Marseille-Provence And The Metropolitan Region Of Rio De Janeiro, Aricia Fernandes Correia, Romulo S.R. Sampaio

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

The exponential demographic increase of the last century and the transformation of the cities, from industrial to service providers, added to the phenomenon of conurbation. In addition, the new social, environmental, economic, political and cultural dynamics of close cities, challenged the traditional municipal power and required a collaborative new management framework. Global cities became metropolitan areas. Issues of local urban interest are now of regional preoccupation. Governmental institutional frameworks and urban planning were not designed to match this new socioeconomic and environmental metropolitan order. This paper deals with the legal challenges of creating metropolitan governance structures comparing France and Brazil. …

The French Metropole: How It Gained Legal Status As A Metropolis, Janice Griffith

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

France’s long history of centralized governance has generated debates as to what powers should remain with the State and what powers should devolve to sub-national governments. To ameliorate the fragmentation resulting from the small size of France’s 36,000 plus municipalities, called communes, the State authorized the creation of general-purpose, inter-communal public institutions to perform municipal functions on behalf of the communes on a greater economy of scale. The article examines the trajectory that led to the creation in 2010 of the métropole, or metropolis, the most recent of these inter-communal bodies that is designed to undertake public functions in large …

The Future Of French Metropolis, Anne-Claire Mialot

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Introduction, Julian Conrad Juergensmeyer, Karen Johnston

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

38th Annual Siouan And Caddoan Languages Conference Proceedings, Linguistics Department

Siouan and Caddoan Languages Conference

No abstract provided.

38th Annual Siouan And Caddoan Languages Conference Program, Linguistics Department

Siouan and Caddoan Languages Conference

No abstract provided.

Research Skills, Ict Application And Sustainable Library Development, Adekoya Clement Ola

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study investigated research skills, ICT application and sustainable library development. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population of the study was 142 librarians working in the university libraries of twelve universities in South-west, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique and total enumeration sampling technique were employed for the study. Data were collected using well-structured questionnaire. Six research questions were raised and three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using Pearson-Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings of the study revealed that: sustainable library development was primary to librarians; librarians exhibited high need for research skills that …

Bibliometric Analysis Of Cited References In Commerce Journals, Nishat Fatima

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper examines the distribution of cited references in three commerce journals pertaining to the years 2012 to 2014. The study reveals that maximum number of cited references was found in Journal of World Business, followed by The International Journal of Accounting and Journal of Commerce and Management Thought. Most of the cited references were authored by more than one author. M. W.Peng's articles were most cited and maximum journals were from the fields of business and management.