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2018

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Articles 17401 - 17430 of 22831

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Documenting Sociopolitical Development Via Participatory Action Research (Par) With Women Of Color Student Activists In The Neoliberal University, Jesica S. Fernández, Jasmyne Y. Gaston, Madeline Nguyen, Jaia Rovaris, Rhyann L. Robinson, Danielle N. Aguilar Jan 2018

Documenting Sociopolitical Development Via Participatory Action Research (Par) With Women Of Color Student Activists In The Neoliberal University, Jesica S. Fernández, Jasmyne Y. Gaston, Madeline Nguyen, Jaia Rovaris, Rhyann L. Robinson, Danielle N. Aguilar

Ethnic Studies

Political activism attests to the sociopolitical development and agency of young people. Yet the literature sparingly engages the intersectional subjectivities that inform the sociopolitical development of young people, especially women of color. Important questions remain in the theorizing of sociopolitical development among youth engaged in political activism within higher education settings. Thus, we focus on the following question: What experiences informed or catalyzed the sociopolitical development of women of color student activists within a racialized neoliberal university in the United States? In addressing this question we demonstrate how student-led participatory action research (PAR) within the neoliberal university can facilitate and …

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New For Discovery: Scholarworks@Uark, Discovery Editors Jan 2018

New For Discovery: Scholarworks@Uark, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 19 2018, Several Authors Jan 2018

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 19 2018, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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A Message From The Department Head Of Horticulture And Food Science, Wayne Mackey Jan 2018

A Message From The Department Head Of Horticulture And Food Science, Wayne Mackey

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Socio-Economic Determinants Of Physical Activity Across The Life Course: A "Determinants Of Diet And Physical Activity" (Dedipac) Umbrella Literature Review, Grainne O’Donoghue, Aileen Kennedy, Anna Puggina, Katina Aleksovska, Christoph Buck, Con Burns, Greet Cardon, Angela Carlin, Donatella Ciarapica, Marco Colotto, Giancarlo Condello, Tara Coppinger, Cristina Cortis, Sara D’Haese, Marieke De Craemer, Andrea Di Blasio, Sylvia Hansen, Licia Iacoviello, Johann Issartel, Pascal Izzicupo, Lina Jaeschke, Martina Kanning, Fiona Ling, Agnes Luzak, Giorgio Napolitano, Julie Anne Nazare, Camille Perchoux, Caterina Pesce, Tobias Pischon, Angela Polito, Alessandra Sannella, Holger Schulz Jan 2018

Socio-Economic Determinants Of Physical Activity Across The Life Course: A "Determinants Of Diet And Physical Activity" (Dedipac) Umbrella Literature Review, Grainne O’Donoghue, Aileen Kennedy, Anna Puggina, Katina Aleksovska, Christoph Buck, Con Burns, Greet Cardon, Angela Carlin, Donatella Ciarapica, Marco Colotto, Giancarlo Condello, Tara Coppinger, Cristina Cortis, Sara D’Haese, Marieke De Craemer, Andrea Di Blasio, Sylvia Hansen, Licia Iacoviello, Johann Issartel, Pascal Izzicupo, Lina Jaeschke, Martina Kanning, Fiona Ling, Agnes Luzak, Giorgio Napolitano, Julie Anne Nazare, Camille Perchoux, Caterina Pesce, Tobias Pischon, Angela Polito, Alessandra Sannella, Holger Schulz

Publications

Background To date, the scientific literature on socioeconomic correlates and determinants of physical activity behaviours has been dispersed throughout a number of systematic reviews, often focusing on one factor (e.g. education or parental income) in one specific age group (e.g. pre-school children or adults). The aim of this umbrella review is to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the scientific literature from previously conducted research by summarising and synthesising the importance and strength of the evidence related to socioeconomic correlates and determinants of PA behaviours across the life course. Methods Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus …

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Career Decision-Making Difficulties Among Student Veterans, Lindsey Michalle Laveck Jan 2018

Career Decision-Making Difficulties Among Student Veterans, Lindsey Michalle Laveck

ETD Archive

Difficulties in career decision-making are among the most prevalent academic and vocational problems (Amir & Gati, 2006; Osipow, 1999; Tagay, 2014). Many college students, including Veterans, struggle with the decisions they must make within higher education and while transitioning between school and work (Mau, 2004). In recognizing career decision-making difficulties, it is imperative to focus on the student Veteran population, as cultural factors have an influence on one’s career development and career decision-making processes (Mau, 2004; Tagay, 2014). Additionally, military culture is little understood and additional exploration of unique military factors could lead to a better understanding of Veterans’ problems …

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Does Posture Impact Affective Word Processing? Examining The Role Of Posture Across Adulthood In An Incidental Encoding Task, Lucas John Hamilton Jan 2018

Does Posture Impact Affective Word Processing? Examining The Role Of Posture Across Adulthood In An Incidental Encoding Task, Lucas John Hamilton

ETD Archive

Research in emotional aging has primarily investigated mechanisms that could explain the age-related increase in positive emotionality despite various age-related losses. Of particular note is the increasing importance of age-related positivity effects and underlying biological influences on affective processes. Despite evidence of weakened mind-body connectivity in older adulthood presented in the maturation dualism framework, research shows age-similarities in subjective and objective reactivity for certain negative emotional states across adulthood. Thus, robust physiological-experiential associations may still exist in later life. Investigations of integrated mind-body connectivity have lead researchers to examine the influence of posture on cognitive outcomes. Prior evidence has observed …

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Who’S In Charge Here? Exercising Authority In The Organization-Volunteer Relationship, Patricia A. Groble Jan 2018

Who’S In Charge Here? Exercising Authority In The Organization-Volunteer Relationship, Patricia A. Groble

ETD Archive

One facet of being a volunteer is the freedom to choose one’s work and schedule. When this ability to choose conflicts with the organization’s need to ensure that volunteers’ work activities fulfill its mission, it creates tension between staff members and volunteers and presents a challenge to the organization’s ability to exercise authority over its volunteers.

Existing research on volunteerism studies volunteer engagement, motivations, and best practices for managing volunteers, as well as how volunteers can be considered a sustainable resource. The volunteer management literature pays little attention, however, to authority’s role in the relationship between organizations and their volunteers. …

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Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practice In Psychology, Radinka Jurosevic Samardzic Jan 2018

Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practice In Psychology, Radinka Jurosevic Samardzic

ETD Archive

As a result of a fierce debate about the most important factors of effective therapy, the American Psychological Association (APA) defined Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology (EBPP) as “an approach to clinical practice which integrates best available research with clinical expertise in context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences.” (APA, 2006, p. 273). Research suggests that positive attitudes toward EBPP are related to use of EBPP (Nelson & Steele, 2007). This study utilized a social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986) framework to examine the relationships between counseling self-efficacy, research self-efficacy, past training experiences, knowledge of EBPP, and attitudes toward EBPP. The participants …

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Atheism And The Effects Of Mortality Salience And Limited Analytic Processing Ability On Religious Faith And Teleological Thinkin, Brett Jordan Waggoner Jan 2018

Atheism And The Effects Of Mortality Salience And Limited Analytic Processing Ability On Religious Faith And Teleological Thinkin, Brett Jordan Waggoner

ETD Archive

The scenario of the atheist in the proverbial foxhole has been a topic of discussion in religious circles for centuries. Building on prior research utilizing terror management theory (TMT), a dual process model of cognition, and previous work suggesting that humans are intuitively wired for teleological and religious concepts, the researchers set out to examine atheist’s religiosity when confronted with the reality of one’s impermanence. To explore this idea, the present experiment recruited a sample of atheists, manipulated their awareness of mortality, manipulated their ability to employ analytic thinking, and measured various intuitive cognitions (e.g., teleological reasoning) alongside religious belief. …

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Are There Differences In Vocal Parameters Across Various Ethnic Groups?, Mason P. Meek Jan 2018

Are There Differences In Vocal Parameters Across Various Ethnic Groups?, Mason P. Meek

ETD Archive

The purpose of this study was to investigate vocal characteristics of various ethnic groups in terms of acoustic, physiological, and perceptual data. Currently there are acoustic parameter norms that have been established for men and women. Prior research suggested that these norms were established on only American Caucasian individuals. This creates the question as to whether or not these norms are reflective of the true nature of vocal fold closure pattern of all ethnic groups. If there is a difference in vocal characteristics then it would be important to establish specific norms for various ethnic groups. Further rationale for this …

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Emotional Responses To Opioid Public Service Announcements; Testing Trait Empathy’S Impact On Message Processing And Attitude Change, Olivia D. Cohen Jan 2018

Emotional Responses To Opioid Public Service Announcements; Testing Trait Empathy’S Impact On Message Processing And Attitude Change, Olivia D. Cohen

ETD Archive

Addiction to opioids, including abusing prescription pain killers and using heroin, is on a dramatic rise in the United States. Communities across the country are in the process of adapting new ways of addressing the issue, which have been met with significant opposition from the general public. This study examined the impact an individual’s trait empathy has on whether persuasive public service announcements (PSAs) dealing with opioid addiction will be processed centrally or peripherally. Empathy has evolved, growing from an emotional experience, to a cognitive ability, to a function of both emotional and cognitive elements that can work both independently …

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Drughelp.Care – A Web Application For The Discovery Of Drug Addiction Treatment Facilities, Sachin Hiriyanna Jan 2018

Drughelp.Care – A Web Application For The Discovery Of Drug Addiction Treatment Facilities, Sachin Hiriyanna

ETD Archive

One of the current and biggest problems in the system of emergency care for the drug overdose epidemic, is the failure of information delivery on nearby treatment facilities. Even though some initiatives on the internet tried to solve this issue, they either failed in delivering the information or in providing ease of usability. This thesis research aims to develop a web application which, 1. Delivers a highly accurate, easy-to-understand and targeted information in a timely manner for drug abusers and their well-wishers. 2. Provides an eco-system for the treatment facilities with an easy-to-use backend to constantly update their complex information …

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The Evaluation Of Non-Standard Accented English: An Intergroup Perspective On Language Attitudes, Doris Acheme Jan 2018

The Evaluation Of Non-Standard Accented English: An Intergroup Perspective On Language Attitudes, Doris Acheme

ETD Archive

The present study used social identity theory as a framework in examining the evaluation of non-standard accented speakers from India and Nigeria and whose first language is English. Social identity theory explains one’s awareness that he/she is a member of a certain social group and that such group membership is of value to the individual. Accordingly, the study investigated how social identity influences listeners’ perceptions of non-standard accented speakers’ status, solidarity, and dynamism. And also, if Standard American English (SAE), Indian and Nigerian accents are perceived differently by listeners. A 3 (SAE, Indian accented English, and Nigerian accented English) ¿ …

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Recognition Memory Revisited: An Aging And Electrophysiological Investigation, Elliot C. Jardin Jan 2018

Recognition Memory Revisited: An Aging And Electrophysiological Investigation, Elliot C. Jardin

ETD Archive

This study provides a better understanding of contributing factors to age differences in human episodic memory. A recurrent finding in recognition memory is that older adults tend to have lower overall accuracy and tend to make fewer false-alarm errors in judging new items, relative miss errors (Coyne, Allen & Wickens, 1986; Danziger, 1980; Poon and Fozard 1980). Two possible causes for decline in these abilities include an age-related decrement in speed of processing (Salthouse 1991) and changes in information processing ability due to entropy (Allen, Kaufman, Smitch, & Propper 1998a; Mallik et al., in preparation). Additionally, age differences may be …

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Making A Mark In The First Year: Initiating And Implementing Large-Scale Projects As A New Librarian, Teagan Eastman, Amber Willenborg Jan 2018

Making A Mark In The First Year: Initiating And Implementing Large-Scale Projects As A New Librarian, Teagan Eastman, Amber Willenborg

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

New librarians are in a position to bring innovative ideas to their organization, but are often unsure of how to go about implementing big projects. This article presents a case study of two online learning librarians in their first year of librarianship, outlining how they initiated and implemented large-scale projects and discussing challenges they faced and lessons they learned.

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Utah State University - University Libraries Metadata Application Profile For Contentdm Digital Collections, Andrea Payant, Sara Skindelien, Liz Woolcott Jan 2018

Utah State University - University Libraries Metadata Application Profile For Contentdm Digital Collections, Andrea Payant, Sara Skindelien, Liz Woolcott

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

The Utah State University Libraries Digital Collections Application Profile outlines the metadata fields, mappings, definitions, and resources used to assign metadata for digital collections in the USU CONTENTdm repository. Utah State University is a collection partner of the Mountain West Digital Library (MWDL). Therefore, this profile pulls substantially from the MWDL application profile 2.0, which is available at this URL: http://mwdl.org/docs/MWDL_DC_Profile_Version_2.0.pdf

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Concordance Of Illness Representations: The Key To Improving Care Of Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Lisa M. Mcandrew, Myrna L. Friedlander, L. Alison Phillips, Susan L. Santos, Drew A. Helmer Jan 2018

Concordance Of Illness Representations: The Key To Improving Care Of Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Lisa M. Mcandrew, Myrna L. Friedlander, L. Alison Phillips, Susan L. Santos, Drew A. Helmer

Educational & Counseling Psychology Faculty Scholarship

How can effective patient-provider relationships be developed when the underlying cause of the health condition is not well understood and becomes a point of controversy between patient and provider? This problem underlies the difficulty in treating medically unexplained symptoms and syndromes (MUS; e.g., fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome), which primary care providers consider to be among the most difficult conditions to treat.1 This difficulty extends to the patient-provider relationship which is characterized by discord over MUS.1 In this article, we argue that the key to improving the patient provider relationship is for the patient and provider to develop congruent …

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A Mixed-Method Examination Of Patient Perceptions Of Ideal Physician Behavior And Overall Quality Of Care, Megan Rouse Jan 2018

A Mixed-Method Examination Of Patient Perceptions Of Ideal Physician Behavior And Overall Quality Of Care, Megan Rouse

Honors Program Theses

The present study examined three dimensions of physician characteristics and behaviors (knowledge, communication, and compassion) to better understand how patients perceive physicians and overall quality of care. This mixed-methods approach utilized both close- and open-ended survey questions to assess participants’ relationship with their physicians. In addition, participants wrote stories to describe best and worst experiences with physicians. Giving participants the opportunity to write stories in their own words allowed for a more nuanced understanding of the complexity of patients’ experiences, physician characteristics, and perceptions of overall quality of care. Results indicated that patients perceive physicians who are good communicators as …

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Relationships Between Hiv Testing, Knowledge, And Stigma Among Men: Reports From Belarus, Moldova, And Ukraine, Jildyz Urbaeva, Lynn Warner Jan 2018

Relationships Between Hiv Testing, Knowledge, And Stigma Among Men: Reports From Belarus, Moldova, And Ukraine, Jildyz Urbaeva, Lynn Warner

Social Welfare Faculty Scholarship

A surge in heterosexual transmission of HIV among men in post-Soviet countries prompts the need to understand the determinants of HIV testing in the region. Survey data from Belarus (n = 2,769), Moldova (n = 1,545), and Ukraine (n = 3,620) were used to assess an influence of psychosocial determinants on testing among men. A mediation analysis for binary outcomes was used to assess effects of knowledge and stigma on testing. While knowledge had a positive influence on testing in each country, an indirect influence of knowledge through stigma was unique for each country. Implications for interventions …

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Is Informal Financial Aid Good For Health? Evidence From Kyrgyzstan, A Low-Income Post-Socialist Nation In Eurasia, Jildyz Urbaeva, Theodore Jackson, Daejun Park Jan 2018

Is Informal Financial Aid Good For Health? Evidence From Kyrgyzstan, A Low-Income Post-Socialist Nation In Eurasia, Jildyz Urbaeva, Theodore Jackson, Daejun Park

Social Welfare Faculty Scholarship

The importance of social capital and economic advantage for health is well established in literature. The relationship between health and social capital through informal financial aid is less understood. Using representative data (N = 7,474), authors explored an association between informal financial aid and health satisfaction in Kyrgyzstan, a post-socialist low-income country in Eurasia. Multilevel modeling revealed significant associations between informal aid and health. Cross-level interactions between individual and neighborhood financial aid were also significantly associated with health satisfaction. The results suggest that (a) social capital is influenced by socioeconomic status of the person, and (b) paths between informal …

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Review Of Rulers, Religion, & Riches: Why The West Got Rich And The Middle East Did Not, Lynne P. Doti Jan 2018

Review Of Rulers, Religion, & Riches: Why The West Got Rich And The Middle East Did Not, Lynne P. Doti

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

A review of Jared Rubin's Rulers, Religion, & Riches: Why the West Got Rich and the Middle East Did Not.

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Venezuela Public Health Issue, Luke Vargas Jan 2018

Venezuela Public Health Issue, Luke Vargas

Global Public Health

While every country around the world faces a form of public health issues, the issues that the country of Venezuela faces are different. Their public health problem is not a disease that can be solved by science, or a cure. It’s a problem that can only be solved by the people within the county itself. The country of Venezuela now lacks the proper medical supplies needed to help cure diseases and normal vaccinations, and the only ones to blame is their government. Because their government has now refused to pay their debts to the surrounding countries they have now lost …

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Landscape Transformation During Ceramic Age And Colonial Occupations Of Barbuda, West Indies, Allison Bain, Anne-Marie Faucher, Lisa M. Kennedy, Allison R. Leblanc, Michael J. Burn, Rebecca Boger, Sophia Perdikaris Jan 2018

Landscape Transformation During Ceramic Age And Colonial Occupations Of Barbuda, West Indies, Allison Bain, Anne-Marie Faucher, Lisa M. Kennedy, Allison R. Leblanc, Michael J. Burn, Rebecca Boger, Sophia Perdikaris

School of Global Integrative Studies: Faculty Publications

This research documented the history of landscape transformation on the island of Barbuda in the Lesser Antilles, Caribbean through cross-disciplinary research approaches. Excavations confirmed a human presence for the seasonal exploitation of conch meat and other mollusks during the Archaic Age (c.3000–500 BC), but more substantial impacts to terrestrial ecosystems likely began during the Ceramic Age (c.500 BC–AD 1500). Our combined sedimentary and charcoal records revealed that human-induced environmental transformations began with Ceramic Age peoples as they cleared vegetation for settlements and gardens with intentional burning. Sedimentary charcoal indicated a dramatic decline in fire during post-Ceramic Age abandonment, continuing through …

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Terror Management Theory: The Effect Of Death On Criminogenic Thought Patterns, Zachary J. Kyle Jan 2018

Terror Management Theory: The Effect Of Death On Criminogenic Thought Patterns, Zachary J. Kyle

Modern Psychological Studies

Terror Management Theory has been applied with judges and juries in the courtroom, but not yet with criminals themselves. The current study looks for an association between criminogenic thought patterns and worldviews of criminal behavior. Thought patterns were assessed with the Measure of Criminogenic Thinking Styles (MOCTS), while worldviews were measured with the associate section of the Measures of Criminal Attitudes and Associates. Results indicated that mortality salience did not increase criminogenic thinking. However, criminogenic thinking scores from the MOCTS were correlated with scores on the associate scale under mortality salience. These findings may suggest that participants with a worldview …

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To Post Or Not To Post: Perceptions Of Appropriateness On Social Media, Tayler Darr, Scott King Jan 2018

To Post Or Not To Post: Perceptions Of Appropriateness On Social Media, Tayler Darr, Scott King

Modern Psychological Studies

This study compares how undergraduate students, graduate students, and faculty members rate social media posts based on appropriateness, employability, and responsibility. Previous research suggests that students have different views on what is acceptable to post on social media. Student status and age were studied to see if they had an effect on what is considered as appropriate social media posts, with the hypothesis that graduate students would view social media posts more negatively than undergraduate students. 409 participants were given a survey including mock Instagram and Twitter posts relating to alcohol, work, and/or school. Participants rated each Instagram image or …

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No. 22: Predictors Of Household Food Insecurity In Maputo And Matola, Mozambique, Cameron Mccordic, Ezequiel Abrahamo Jan 2018

No. 22: Predictors Of Household Food Insecurity In Maputo And Matola, Mozambique, Cameron Mccordic, Ezequiel Abrahamo

Hungry Cities Partnership

The rapid growth of Maputo and Matola (neighbouring cities in Southern Mozambique) has dramatically changed each city’s demographic and food insecurity profile. Previous research in Maputo indicates that household access to infrastructure plays an important role in determining vulnerability to food insecurity. This paper investigates (a) whether this relationship is also true of Matola and (b) whether the demographic composition of households plays a role in defining vulnerability to food insecurity in either city. Using household survey data collected by HCP in 2014 in Maputo and Matola, the paper demonstrates that inconsistent access to water, electricity, medical care, cooking fuel …

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No. 13: The Growth Of Food Banking In Cities Of The Global South, Daniel N. Warshawsky Jan 2018

No. 13: The Growth Of Food Banking In Cities Of The Global South, Daniel N. Warshawsky

Hungry Cities Partnership

As the number and size of food banks increase globally, it is critical to research how food banks fit into existing food systems and their role in reducing food insecurity and food waste. After examining the political ecology of urban food waste in food systems, this discussion paper examines the globalization of food banking and its growth in the Global South. Through a case study of FoodForward SA, it critically analyzes the roles that urban food banks play in cities of the Global South. Since many countries in the South have both the highest levels of food insecurity and the …

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No. 11: The State Of Household Food Security In Nairobi, Kenya, Samuel Owuor Jan 2018

No. 11: The State Of Household Food Security In Nairobi, Kenya, Samuel Owuor

Hungry Cities Partnership

This report presents the results of a city-wide household food security survey of 1,434 Nairobi households, conducted by the Hungry Cities Partnership and the University of Nairobi. Among the key findings was that 70% of households in Kenya’s capital experience food insecurity, with one-quarter severely food insecure. As the first city-wide survey of household food security in Nairobi, this report provides researchers and policy-makers with detailed data and information about the overall food security picture, as well as important insights into the operation of the city’s food system. In particular, the report demonstrates the vital importance of Nairobi’s food markets …

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No. 08: The Urban Food System Of Windhoek, Namibia, Ndeyapo Nickanor, Lawrence Kazembe, Jonathan Crush, Jeremy Wagner Jan 2018

No. 08: The Urban Food System Of Windhoek, Namibia, Ndeyapo Nickanor, Lawrence Kazembe, Jonathan Crush, Jeremy Wagner

Hungry Cities Partnership

The surprisingly high rate of supermarket patronage in low-income areas of Windhoek, Namibia’s capital and largest city, is at odds with conventional wisdom that supermarkets in African cities are primarily patronized by middle and high-income residents and therefore target their neighbourhoods. What is happening in Namibia and other Southern African countries that make supermarkets so much more accessible to the urban poor? What are they buying at supermarkets and how frequently do they shop there? Further, what is the impact of supermarket expansion on informal food vendors? This report, which presents the findings of the South African Supermarkets in Growing …

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