Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Therapeutic Engagement, Oral Language Proficiency, And Core Learning Indicators On The Effects Of Therapy For Youth With Depression, Amanda E. Wagstaff

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Youth with depression, particularly ethnic minority youth, have low rates of engagement in mental health services, indicating a large need to better understand the role of engagement in effective treatments for depression (Merikangas et al., 2011). Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the leading psychotherapeutic treatments available for youth with depression (Weisz, McCarty, & Valeri, 2006), but several questions still remain regarding why and in what circumstances this therapy is most appropriate. CBT posits that part of the positive treatment effects is accounted by learning certain cognitive and behavioral skills during and outside of session (i.e., through active homework …

The Impact Of Values As Heuristics On Social Cognition, Lauren James

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Stereotypes, and other forms of heuristics, are used in our everyday lives to assist our brains absorb information. An argument is made here to show that values can act as a form of heuristics and affect implicit attitudes. Drawing on research regarding implicit attitudes, heuristics, and values, we believe that values, such as equality, can act as a heuristic and consequently alter implicit attitudes on race. In this experiment, participants were primed with equality, intuition, or a stereotype inhibition prompt and ran through the affect misattribution procedure (AMP). Contrary to the hypothesized expectation, the results showed that participants in the …

An Examination Of Depression And Social Support Among African American Women In Substance Use Recovery, Jocelyn Rose Droege

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Depression is responsible for widespread functional impairment and disability in 16 million individuals across the United States, as well as societal costs that exceed $36 billion. There are numerous risk factors for depression, such as female gender, ethnic minority status, poverty, incarceration, and comorbid substance use disorders. Thus, low-income, criminal-justice-involved African American women in recovery from substance use problems represent a population that is particularly vulnerable to depression. Social support has been established as a protective factor against depression; however, the relationship between social support and depression has been understudied in such high-risk African American populations. The present study examined …

The Effects Of Perceived Danger, Fear Of Heterosexism, And Internalized Homonegativity On Public Displays Of Affection Among Gender And Sexual Minorities, John Patrick Brady

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Among the gender and sexual minority (GSM/GSMs plural) population, public displays of affection (PDA) “out” the participants to observers. Any minor display of affection - such as holding hands or comforting a partner - can lead to verbal harassment or physical assault. In addition to this perceived danger, GSM couples must take into account the possibility of less dangerous and direct forms of heterosexism, such as the denial of business services or poor response from authorities to discrimination. This fear of nonviolent prejudice and discrimination is referred to as a fear of heterosexism. Due to a negative view of their …

Medved Studies Communication At Home And At Work., Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

“Through language, through communication, we create our world. We come to understand who we are through relationships. How you come to understand who you are, it all happens through language and through communication.” That is how Dr. Caryn Medved answers when asked why she chose communications as an academic field.

Medved, a native of Toledo, Ohio, has had an interest in communications since she was young. She decided to pursue a bachelor’s degree in the subject at Michigan State University and later a master’s in labor-industrial relations at the same institution, not a bad choice since the university has one …

Secondary Students’ Writing Achievement Goals: Assessing The Mediating Effects Of Mastery And Performance Goals On Writing Self-Efficacy, Affect, And Writing Achievement, Meryem Yilmaz Soylu, Mary G. Zeleny, Ruomeng Zhao, Roger H. Bruning, Michael S. Dempsey, Douglas F. Kauffman

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The two studies reported here explored the factor structure of the newly constructed Writing Achievement Goal Scale (WAGS), and examined relationships among secondary students’ writing achievement goals, writing self-efficacy, affect for writing, and writing achievement. In the first study, 697 middle school students completed the WAGS. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit for this data with a three-factor model that corresponds with mastery, performance approach, and performance avoidance goals. The results of Study 1 were an indication for the researchers to move forward with Study 2, which included 563 high school students. The secondary students completed theWAGS, as …

Workers In Poverty: An Insight Into Informal Workers Around The World, Mahima Saxena

Psychology Faculty Publications

Gloss, Carr, Reichman, Abdul-Nasiru, and Oestereich (2017) present compelling arguments on a moral/humanistic need for I-O psychologists to consider workers that are living and working in deep poverty. Their case nicely shifts focus to large percentages of global workers who heretofore have only been represented minimally in the scholarly discourse in our field. I would like to accomplish two goals in this commentary. First, I would like to present a brief historical perspective on why industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology’s focus has been on POSH workers. Second, I will provide conceptual extensions to Gloss et al.’s (2017) focal article by …

Examining The Role Of Mentorship On Urban Youth: The Effect Of Locus Of Control On Academic Achievement, Stacy Alaina Stewart

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Positive academic effects of mentoring interventions have bee established, but little is known about how and why mentoring interventions are effective. Understanding the mechanisms or constructs that enable mentoring effects would allow researchers to better generalize these types of interventions across populations. This present study explored the construct, locus of control, and examined its effects on academic achievement in the context of mentorship. In the present study, 87 urban, low-income middle school youth participated in a randomized controlled trial intervention, entitled The Cities Mentor Project. Cities Mentor Project provides coping trainings, and access to mentors and community organizations, to further …

Inferring Character Emotions During Text Comprehension: A Divided Visual Field Study, Blaine Tomkins

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

During reading, individuals often need to activate mental representations of a character’s emotional state. Currently, little is known about how readers infer positive and negative character emotional states. Furthermore, the selective involvement of the two cerebral hemispheres in generating emotional inferences is unclear. In the current study, participants read texts that primed either a positive (Experiment 1) or negative (Experiment 2) emotion of a character in a text. Using a divided visual-field paradigm, participants performed a lexical decision task for target words congruent with the character’s emotional state, which were presented to either the left visual field-right hemisphere or right …

Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) And Its Impact On Actions: Exploring Social Change Through College Students, Rachael Leigh Suffrin

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

The present study has three goals. First, it validates a new Sensitivity to Employer Social Responsibility Scale, used to help understand how undergraduate students perceive their values related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) impact their prospective employment decisions. Second, this study examines whether students value working for a socially responsible employer and third, how (a) social justice experiences in college and/or (b) social justice attitudes and beliefs may predict how students perceive the impact their CSR values have on their prospective employment decisions. Results indicate that students who participated in the study overall positively endorsed a degree of sensitivity to …

Examination Of Multidimensional Acculturation Theory And Acculturation Process On Latinas/Os In Communal Recovery Homes, Roberto Lopez Tamayo

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Disparities in access and utilization of substance abuse treatment (SAT) among Latinas/os, accentuated by the rapid growth of this population are creating a public health issue. Among those in need of SAT, only 7.7% receive treatment and nearly half of these individuals complete SAT or continue their recovery in a controlled environment. Additionally, Latinas/os who complete SAT reported their needs were not met in treatment. Although substance abuse literature has given more consideration to environmental factors and social support in relation to treatment outcomes, current substance abuse models fail to address important contextual and cultural aspects for Latinas/os in recovery. …

Stereotypes Of Saudi Women Among Saudi College Students, Ali Hadi Omair

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the nature of stereotypes regarding Saudi women in contemporary Saudi Arabia. Despite the extremely high levels of inequality between men and women that The Global Gender Gap has documented in Saudi Arabia (American Association of University Women, 2014), little is known about the actual perception of women within Saudi society. Several factors in Saudi Arabia’s history—including its pastoral herding economy, tendency toward frequent warfare, and polygamous family structure (Wagemakers et al., 2012)—link Saudi society with a tendency to encourage the formation of restrictive gender stereotypes that may be particularly harmful to women (Alesina et al., 2013; Nisbett …

Maternal Trauma Experience On Infant Cortisol Reactivity At 12 Months, Michelle Anne Gilchrist

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health concern in the United States (US). One third of women in the US have experienced rape, physical assault or stalking by a former or current partner (Black et al., 2011). Evidence suggests that women experience increased risk for IPV during the perinatal period and exposure to IPV during and after pregnancy increases risk for adverse physical and mental health outcomes for victims. The “fetal programming” hypothesis proposes that prenatal experiences are also particularly impactful for offspring development in the short and long term; prenatal poor nutrition and stress have been linked …

Universal Teacher-Child Interaction Training: A Pilot Study Examining Coaching With Random Assignment, Alexandra Lauren Barnett

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Classrooms are in dire need of teacher support services and effective child behavior management, particularly in low-income urban areas (Campbell & Ewing, 1990; Fantuzzo & Mohr, 1999; Hamre & Pianta, 2004; Visser, Bitsko, Danielson, Perou, & Blumberg, 2010). Teacher-Child Interaction Training - Universal (TCIT-U) is a preventive, classroom-wide teacher training protocol that shows promise for strengthening teacher and child behavior (Budd, Garbacz, & Carter, 2016; Fernandez, Gold, Hirsch, & Miller, 2015b; Garbacz, Zychinski, Feuer, Carter, & Budd, 2014; Lyon, Budd, & Gershenson, 2009a). To date, this is the first pilot study with random assignment to investigate TCIT-U; further, it is …

Investigating Post-Exertional Malaise As A Core Symptom Of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis And Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Meta-Analytic Approach, Abigail A. Brown

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Efforts to establish a reliable and valid case definition for myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome (ME and CFS) have been complicated by an over-reliance on clinical consensus, and inconsistent application of established case definitions by researchers across study sites. This has resulted in the absence of an empirically-based case definition for ME and CFS, as well as failed replication studies on potential diagnostic tests and biomarkers. One step toward an empirically-driven case definition is determining which symptoms best discriminate between patients with ME and CFS versus controls. Post-exertional malaise (PEM) is considered a cardinal symptom of ME and CFS …

High-Impact Practices In Anthropology: Creating A Bridge Between Liberal Arts And Neoliberal Values, Susan Kirkpatrick Smith, Brandon D. Lundy, Cheyenne Dahlmann

Georgia Journal of Science

Neoliberal values are dramatically affecting higher education in the United States, with a focus on running these institutions as businesses and molding students into productive workers. This shift toward training and away from traditional liberal arts education at U.S. universities and colleges has occurred even as studies demonstrate that the ability to adapt in a rapidly evolving marketplace promotes long-term professional success. While neoliberalism and traditional liberal arts education are often seen as antithetical, we show how one anthropology program has combined these values into pedagogical practice through a select subset of high impact practices to improve academic outcomes for …

Food Addiction And The Effective Treatment Of Adult Food Addicts: An Integrative Review Of Literature, Sara Bourque

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: In a survey conducted between the years of 2011 and 2014 it was suggested that 36% of adults in the U.S. were obese with over 40.2% being middle aged adults. Obesity is associated with a number of comorbid conditions including diabetes, heart attacks, and strokes. Due to this it is one of the major factors driving up our annual medical care costs. It is also one of the leading causes of death not only in the U.S. but worldwide. With one third of the adult population in the U.S. being obese food addiction may very well be a …

Coping Strategies Associated With High Quality Of Life In People Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis: An Intagrative Literature Review, Alyssa Fitzhugh

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: People suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS) face many challenges including physical disability, financial strain, and cognitive changes. While the coping mechanisms used to address these stressors can greatly impact one’s quality of life, limited studies are conducted to understand positive coping strategies used by this population.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to examine the types of coping strategies that have a positive impact on quality of life in individuals diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.

Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted. The keywords “coping, coping strategies, quality of life, multiple sclerosis, and MS” were used to …

The Meaning Of Will To Live In Patients, Jeanne Burdette

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

The Meaning of Will to Live in Patients: An Integrative literature review

Jeanne Burdette

DePaul University

Abstract

Background: The will to live (WTL) is the desire, determination and effort to survive as defined by Mosby’s Medical Dictionary, 8^th edition (2009). According to Tataryn & Chochinov (2002), we know that the WTL can impact the trajectory of a terminal illness and “has been shown to vary considerably in relatively brief periods of time during the final course of a terminal illness” (p 370). Yet little is known about the concept. Health care professionals (HCPs) can benefit from increased knowledge …

The Efficacy Of Public Health Interventions Aimed At Curbing Gun Violence: An Integrative Review, Brian Cook

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Gun violence is a pressing public health issue in the United States. Homicide is the second-leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year-old Americans, and the third-leading cause of death for 25 to 34 year-old Americans, and 80% of these homicides are committed via firearm. In recent years, the field of criminology has studied the efficacy of a variety of policing, public health, and public policy interventions that aim to reduce the incidence of gun violence, but many of their findings have yet to be incorporated into the body of nursing literature.

Objective: This project’s objective was …

Factors Contributing To Weight-Gain In Pediatric Psychiatric Patients: An Integrative Literature Review, Holly Ann Douglas Charles

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Obesity and excess weight occur more frequently in the psychiatric patient population. Inappropriate weight gain during in-patient treatment indicates long-term increases in weight. Children are particularly vulnerable to the ill effects of obesity with an increased risk of premature mortality and adult morbidity. Thus, it is imperative to minimize weight gain during psychiatric treatment. The purpose of this review was to identify factors contributing to weight gain in youth psychiatric patients, effective strategies to control modifiable risk factors, and the population that would benefit most from these strategies. An intensive review of literature was conducted. The search utilized multiple databases, …

Adverse Psychological Effects Of Patients In Medical Isolation Due To Healthcare-Associated Infections, Kristin Brill

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Patients placed in medical isolation due to healthcare-associated infections experience adverse psychological effects that can impact their quality of life.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to identify the adverse effects of patients in medical isolation as well as explore coping strategies that can be used to decrease these adverse effects.

Method: An integrative literature review was conducted using the databases of CINAHL, PsychInfo, PubMed, and PsychArticles. Search terms included adverse effects, negative effects, effects, adverse outcomes, negative outcomes, isolation precautions, contact isolation, droplet isolation, airborne isolation, isolation, coping and psychology.

Results: Five common adverse psychological …

Evaluating The Role Of Community Advisory Boards: With Persons Who Inject Drugs In Photovoice Research, Nicole Pallas

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: The use of community advisory boards (CABs) is a source of leadership in community-based participatory research (CBPR); however, not all researchers have incorporated CABs, and others have restricted CAB involvement for feasibility purposes. Although there is literature about utilizing CABs in a variety of CBPR studies, less is known about the challenges and successes of working with persons who inject drugs (PWIDs) as CAB members in photovoice methodology, as well as their perceptions throughout the process.

Objectives: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the role CABs play in photovoice research while determining PWIDs’ capacity to fulfill …

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale Among Youth In Mexico, Steven Hoffman, Heidi Adams Rueda, Matthew C. Lambert

Social Work Faculty Publications

The internal structure of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis for a sample of youth living in Michoacán, Mexico. While the chi-square test of model fit suggested misfit to the data, the alternative fit indices and standardized factor loadings supported the conclusion that the items are adequate and reliable indicators of a single underlying latent factor. The utilization of this strengths-based mental health instrument could help circumvent some of the negativity and stigma inherent in traditional mental health assessments.

How Social Contagion Helps Explain Our Pet Choices, Harold Herzog

'Animals and Us' Blog Posts

In 1939, Londoners killed 400,000 dogs and cats in four days. Why?

Time To Dismantle Nuclear Weapons, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

In the article "Time to dismantle nuclear weapons," Erika Simpson discusses the heightened tensions between North Korea and the United States, especially under President Donald Trump's administration. She emphasizes the catastrophic global consequences of even a limited nuclear war and critiques the reliance on nuclear deterrence. Simpson calls for a renewed focus on diplomatic efforts, including strengthening the nuclear non-proliferation regime, reviving the UN Conference on Disarmament, and advancing treaties like the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. She urges non-nuclear countries, including Canada, to push for the stigmatization of nuclear deterrence and for comprehensive strategies involving economic …

1786 - A New Map Of The Whole Continent Of America - Divided Into North And South And West Indies Where They Are Exactly Described In United States Of North America As Well As The Several European Possessions According To The Preliminaries Of Peace Signed At Versailles, Jan 20, 1783

Pre-1824 Maps

An early map that depicted both the North and South Americans along with the West Indies. It provides a glaring contrast between the known and unknown regions, with the Eastern parts of North America quite well understood, while the mythical River of the West was still shown as a continuous water course from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The map reflects the United States following the American Revolutionary War and included the addition of Spanish discoveries north of Baja California in what has been described as “fantastically detailed” topographical and geographical features. Included on this map is the often-disputed Chinese …

A Reexamination Of “The Hidden Return To Incentives”, Jing Davis, Steven Schwartz, Richard Young

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

Prior literature has observed a “hidden return to incentives” where principals receive more cooperation from agents when formal incentives are available but not used than when not available. Previous experiments are replicated using a gift-exchange rather than a trust game. Hidden returns to incentives are not observed, and in fact the results show the opposite. Suggestions for future research are provided.

Lindenwood Digest, August 18, 2017, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been an employee newsletter since 2009.

Evaluation Of Real-Time Feedback To Train Caregivers To Conduct Early Intensive Behavioral Interventions, Amanda L. Gibson

Theses & Dissertations

Mounting empirical support for early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) has increased demand for these types of treatments for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Many caregivers are now learning EIBI techniques and becoming active agents in their child’s ASD treatment. Behavioral skills training (BST) has been frequently used to teach individuals to perform a variety of skills correctly, including discrete-trial instruction (DTI; Lafasakis & Sturmey, 2007). In this study, caregivers were trained to conduct a DTI procedure. A single-component BST method (i.e., real-time feedback) was examined. A concurrent, multiple baseline across caregivers design was used to demonstrate experimental control. …