Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Evaluating Community-Facility Linkage Models To Promote Mother-Infant Retention Along The Hiv Care Continuum, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

In Malawi, and other resourced-constrained, sub-Saharan African countries with a high HIV burden, several service delivery models have emerged to increase prevention of mother-to-child transmission care retention by strengthening connections between health facilities and their surrounding communities. Yet there has been little documentation of the unique characteristics of each model and their comparative impact on mother-infant pair (MIP) care retention and other health outcomes. This brief describes how Project SOAR is responding to these knowledge gaps by conducting research to identify components of community-based MIP support that are associated with maternal care retention and infant HIV-free survival. This research will …

Evaluation A Depression Treatment Program On Hiv Care And Mental Health Outcomes In Malawi, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

This brief outlines a Project SOAR study which will provide critical evidence on the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of an integrated depression treatment model for improving retention in and adherence to HIV care in Malawi. Among people initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART), those with depression are a large and especially vulnerable population. Depression affects 18–30 percent of patients receiving HIV care in Africa and is an important barrier to early ART retention. Evidence revealed by the study will have implications not only for the applicability of the model in Malawi but for other countries in sub-Saharan Africa as well.

Project Yes! Youth Engaging For Success: A Peer Mentoring Program To Transition Youth To Hiv Self-Management In Zambia, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

This activity brief describes an operational study that responds to challenges and evidence gaps in Zambia about how to support adolescents and young adults living with HIV (YLHIV) in having a greater and more effective role in the management of their own care. The study aimed to refine and test a peer-mentoring strategy in Zambia to strengthen the capacity of health systems and families to support youth as they transition to, and engage in, self-management and adult HIV care and treatment. This approach builds on previous Ministry of Health–approved research at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital with YLHIV and their families. …

Reducing Hiv Risk Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women, And Their Partners Through The Dreams Partnership In Malawi, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

Project SOAR is conducting implementation science research in Malawi to build needed evidence to inform decisionmaking about effective programming to reduce HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) and their male partners. Specifically, SOAR is: examining approaches to identify the most at-risk girls, particularly those out of school, and enroll and retain them in DREAMS programming; assessing HIV-risk and health-seeking behaviors before and after AGYW’s engagement in DREAMS interventions; exploring how to reach AGYW’s male sexual partners and increase their uptake of HIV services; and assessing facilitators and barriers to HIV service uptake by men living with HIV. …

A Tale Of Two Neighbors: A Comparative Analysis Of The Processes Of State Creation And Regime Formation In Colombia And Venezuela, Alexander Mintz

Government and International Relations Honors Papers

No abstract provided.

From The Courthouse To The Backyard: The Gendered Impact Of Transitional Justice Mechanisms In Post-Genocide Rwanda, Nam Luu

Government and International Relations Honors Papers

In one hundred days between April 6 and July 15, 1994, the Rwandan genocide took away the lives of approximately 800,000 Tutsis and politically moderate Hutus. The United Nations estimated that between 250,000 and 500,000 individuals were raped or sexually assaulted during the genocide, and rape was used as a tool of war with a clear genocidal intent to destroy the enemy. Both men and women subjected to rape, gang rape, sexual torture, sexual slavery, sexual mutilation, and various other types of abuse and humiliation. As the genocide ended with the victory of the Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), Rwanda …

Examining The Impact Of Modern Money Theory On Non-Traditional Means Of Increasing Aggregate Demand, Storm Boris

Economics Honors Papers

The recent period of ultra-low interest rates and chronically inadequate aggregate demand has led to a series of prominent new proposals of nontraditional means of increasing aggregate demand. That same stagnation has allowed for the increasing influence within the field of Modern Money Theory, a theoretical framework derived from historical observations regarding the role of money. I will explore the impact of Modern Money Theory (MMT) on two of the most prominent proposals for increasing aggregate demand, helicopter money and negative interest rates. I will explain why MMT would suggest, not only are these policies either limited in their effectiveness, …

Community Module Week 2 Slides, Arden Kirkland

Design for Learning: 21st Century Online Teaching and Learning Skills for Library Workers

No abstract provided.

Getting Started - Content Creation, Arden Kirkland

Design for Learning: 21st Century Online Teaching and Learning Skills for Library Workers

No abstract provided.

Survey About Social Media, Arden Kirkland

Design for Learning: 21st Century Online Teaching and Learning Skills for Library Workers

No abstract provided.

Community Module Week 4 Slides, Arden Kirkland

Design for Learning: 21st Century Online Teaching and Learning Skills for Library Workers

No abstract provided.

Enhancing Ontario’S Rural Infrastructure Preparedness: Inter-Community Service Sharing In A Changing Climate — Environmental Scan, Bryce Gunson, Kylie Hissa

Geography and Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Given the research that has been done in this environmental scan and the gaps found in this research, it is our aim to find out:

1. What types of service sharing are going on in Ontario municipalities, particularly in rural/remote areas?
2. How can inter-community service sharing (ICSS) benefit the asset management planning process in these rural/remote areas to enhance capacities for climate change resilience?

Climate change (CC) will exacerbate deterioration to existing infrastructure and increase replacement costs. Improved preparedness reduces risks and increases efficiency, readiness and coping capacity. To increase the preparedness of Ontario rural communities, this project develops CC-Prepared Inter-Community …

The Invisible Employee: Success And Fragility Of Automating Interlibrary Loan, Leetta Schmidt

Tampa Library Faculty and Staff Publications

Libraries and their interlibrary loan departments have enacted different methods for improving processes and services to create greater efficiency and less waste. Techniques range from holistic, and expansive process improvement projects to leveraging the ability of request management systems to automate processes and services successfully. This article explores the effect of automation on the output of a sample interlibrary loan department and points out possible challenges that this automation success may create in the future.

Cultural Universals And Cultural Differences In Meta-Norms About Peer Punishment, Kimmo Eriksson, Pontus Strimling, Per A. Andersson, Mark Aveyard, Adam W. Stivers

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

Violators of cooperation norms may be informally punished by their peers. How such norm enforcement is judged by others can be regarded as a meta-norm (i.e., a second-order norm). We examined whether meta-norms about peer punishment vary across cultures by having students in eight countries judge animations in which an agent who over-harvested a common resource was punished either by a single peer or by the entire peer group. Whether the punishment was retributive or restorative varied between two studies, and findings were largely consistent across these two types of punishment. Across all countries, punishment was judged as more appropriate …

War Or Peace? How The Subjective Perception Of Great Power Interdependence Shapes Preemptive Defensive Aggression, Yiming Jing, Peter H. Gries, Yang Li, Adam W. Stivers, Nobuhiro Mifune, D. M. Kuhlman, Liying Bai

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

Why do great powers with benign intentions end up fighting each other in wars they do not seek? We utilize an incentivized, two-person “Preemptive Strike Game” (PSG) to explore how the subjective perception of great power interdependence shapes defensive aggression against persons from rival great powers. In Study 1, college students from the United States (N = 115), China (N = 106), and Japan (N = 99) made PSG decisions facing each other. This natural experiment revealed that Chinese and Japanese participants (a) made more preemptive attacks against each other and Americans than against their compatriots, and …

藍地大街的故事, 香港嶺南大學服務研習處

OSL Students' Service-Learning Project Output: Booklet

嶺南大學服務研習處為大學生提供不同探索和參與社區的學習平台，在賽馬會「關愛．服務．研習 @ 屯門」計劃下，服務研習處於2017 年年初成功招募了十一位大學生成為「服務研習長者議題專題記者」（下稱「專題記者」）。專題記者於同年二月至四月期間接受了一系列的培訓，當中包括認識社區高齡化的議題、採訪、攝影及寫作技巧等，亦安排參觀媒體機構，了解記者的日常工作及環境；於同年三月至七月期間，專題記者到屯門藍地大街的傳統店鋪進行訪談。

藍地大街（下稱大街）位於新界屯門，是藍地的主要街道，附近有輕鐵藍地站、港鐵兆康站及嶺南大學。大街內有不少的村屋及小店鋪，包括舊式士多、百貨店及糧油雜貨店等，保留傳統市集的面貌，也算是偏離市中心的一條特色街道。在中文系講師蕭欣浩博士的指導下，專題記者撰寫專題文章，並透過文字及相片記錄店鋪的故事。服務研習處亦把文章編成此刊物，藉此加強大眾對屯門社區的認識。

Children’S Quantification With Every Over Time, Athulya Aravind, Jill De Villiers, Peter A. De Villiers, Christopher J. Lonigan, Beth M. Phillips, Jeanine Clancy, Susan H. Landry, Paul R. Swank, Michael Assel, Heather B. Taylor, Nancy Eisenberg, Tracy Spinrad, Carlos Valiente

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

This article looks closely at two types of errors children have been shown to make with universal quantification—Exhaustive Pairing (EP) errors and Underexhaustive errors—and asks whether they reflect the same underlying phenomenon. In a large-scale, longitudinal study, 140 children were tested 4 times from ages 4 to 7 on sentences involving the universal quantifier every. We find an interesting inverse relationship between EP errors and Underexhaustive errors over development: the point at which children stop making Underexhaustive errors is also when they begin making EP errors. Underexhaustive errors, common at early stages in our study, may be indicative of a …

Is Education A Solution To Inequality? A Comparison On How People Perceive Educational Inequality And Social Mobility In Hong Kong, Wing Tung Szeto

Bachelor of Social Sciences – Senior Theses

This paper would examine how people in Hong Kong perceive the correlation between educational inequality and social mobility, using public opinion as the major research approach. An opinion survey is conducted to obtain the overall attitude towards educational inequality and social mobility, followed by comparisons on the social issues using official statistics and figures as published by the government and academia. The paper would compare the differences between how the general public perceive the issue of educational inequality and social mobility as reflected in the opinion survey, and the reality of the issues as presented by official data.

Prince Rogers Nelson: From "Dirty Mind" To Devout Jehovah's Witness, Cassandra Chaney Phd

Faculty Publications

Prince Rogers Nelson (born: June 7, 1958) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and actor. He was a musical innovator and known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range. When he passed unexpectedly on April 21, 2016, he had built an immensely successful career that spanned over 30 years. Although Prince is widely known for his highly sexual behavior, we know less about his spiritual beliefs as well as how these beliefs influenced his public persona and private life. Through the lens of social identity theory, this manuscript will examine …

The Double Abcx Model, Family Stress Theory, Risk, Protection, And Resilience In The Movie “Precious”, Cassandra Chaney Phd

Faculty Publications

The critically acclaimed movie Precious [1] highlights the multiple stressors and crises experienced by an abused Black teen female living in poverty. Given its introduction to the screen, scholars have yet to make critical connections between the family dynamics portrayed in this movie and a particular family theory. The purpose of this paper is to help scholars who teach family stress courses apply the experiences of this young woman and her family to McCubbin and Patterson’s [2] Double ABCX Model. Furthermore, this paper will examine the risk factors, the protective factors, and the resilience demonstrated by the movie’s protagonist, Claireece …

Constructing And Implementing Transgender Policy For Public Administration, Nicole M. Elias

Publications and Research

Sex and gender are increasingly complex topics that prompt new policy and administrative responses within public agencies. As the federal workforce evolves, federal employment policy must accommodate the needs of employees who do not fit traditional sex/gender categories. One emerging area of policy targets transgender employees, particularly policy that guides the employer response throughout the transitioning process. This research seeks to answer the following questions: How can transitioning policy and implementation within federal agencies affect employees? and How should transitioning policy be crafted and implemented? This work addresses organizational behavior and management issues by presenting a successful case of a …

Beyond The Lavender Scare: Lgbt And Heterosexual Employees In The Federal Workplace, Peter Stanley Federman, Nicole M. Elias

Publications and Research

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) identities within the workplace have recently gained greater attention as significant demographic categories. A key question that emerges from the limited scholarship on LGBT employment in the federal government is whether there is a distinction between the experiences of employees within federal security agencies, defined here as the five major agencies that provide civilian support to the defense and military structures of the United States, and employees of other federal agencies. Using data from the 2013 Employee Viewpoint Survey, this article addresses the following questions: How does sexual orientation and/or gender identity as self-reported …

Sentiment Analysis Of Tweets Including Emoji Data, Travis Lecompte

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Utilizing This New Medium Of Mass-Communication: The Regional Film Distribution Program At The Cleveland Public Library, 1948-1951., Suzanne Marie Stauffer

Faculty Publications

In 1948, the Carnegie Corporation made grants of $25,000 to the Cleveland Public Library and $15,000 to the Missouri State Library to set up 3-year regional educational film distribution programs in northern Ohio and in Missouri. In Cleveland, films were distributed among a consortium of 10 library systems in the region; twenty library systems participated in Missouri. These successful programs served as models for other library systems, and lasted well into the last quarter of the twentieth century, when films in libraries were replaced with videocassettes and later DVDs. This paper explores the antecedents of the program at the Cleveland …

Libraries Are The Homes Of Books: Whiteness In The Construction Of School Libraries, Suzanne Marie Stauffer

Faculty Publications

The bibliographic instructional work, The Children’s Book on How to Use Books and Libraries, issued seven times between 1937 and 1973, utilized the metaphor of the library as the “home of books.” That “home” was constructed as a private, white, middle- class space in which children, who are invited guests, not residents, were expected to behave according to white, middle-class social norms and cultural values. The children depicted were uniformly white, able-bodied, and middle class as well. American cultural values such as individualism, competition, and pragmatism and utilitarianism were celebrated. This work critically analyzes the whiteness of the presentation, including …

Intra-Industry Trade In Agricultural Products Between The United States, Nafta And European Union Trading Partners, Shuvo Chakraborty

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study provides an overview of trends and identifies country-specific determinants of intra-industry trade (IIT) between the United States (U.S.), the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trading partners. We analyze the food and live animal industry at the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 4 at the 4-digit level to calculate IIT and cover the period between 2007 and 2014. To determine the country-specific determinants of IIT, we used a Generalized Least Squares (GLS) random effect model. Results indicate that the size of an economy, the relative difference in level of economic development, the …

Graduate School Decisions: The Impact Of Out-Of-Class Communication On First-Generation College Students, Kaitlyn Voges

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

First-generation college students possess barriers within academics that may be unique to the population. This thesis seeks to understand how instructors and advisors can use the memorable messages framework to encourage first-generation college students to attend graduate school despite barriers the students may possess. Thirteen first-generation college/graduate students were interviewed regarding their decisions to attend graduate school. Specifically, interviewees were asked if they received memorable messages from an outside source which encouraged them to pursue a master’s degree. A majority of participants stated they had received a particular message from either an instructor or academic advisor. These messages tended to …

Automatic Idiom Recognition With Word Embeddings, Jing Peng, Anna Feldman

Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Expressions, such as add fuel to the fire, can be interpreted literally or idiomatically depending on the context they occur in. Many Natural Language Processing applications could improve their performance if idiom recognition were improved. Our approach is based on the idea that idioms and their literal counterparts do not appear in the same contexts. We propose two approaches: (1) Compute inner product of context word vectors with the vector representing a target expression. Since literal vectors predict well local contexts, their inner product with contexts should be larger than idiomatic ones, thereby telling apart literals from idioms; and (2) …

The Chief Learning Officer: A Model Role For Integrating Hr And Strategic Planning Functions In Libraries, Robert Farrell

Publications and Research

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to put forward the position of chief learning officer (CLO) as a potential new role or models for new roles in libraries wishing to integrate human resources, strategic planning, and budgeting.
Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the history and present functions of the CLO role in the corporate world, correlating work within the library field with key aspects of the position as way by which to conceptualize the integration of disparate library operations.

Findings – The position of CLO has not yet entered the library and information science (LIS) discourse.

Practical implications …

Learning The Basics Of Scholarly Communication: A Guide For New Subject Liaison Librarians, Madeline Cohen

Publications and Research

Academic librarians are playing a greater role in scholarly communication at their institutions. Scholarly communication has become a part of every academic librarian’s work. In particular, the role of subject liaison librarian often includes responsibilities related to advising discipline faculty on scholarly publishing, open access, institutional repositories and copyright. Liaison librarians might take on these responsibilities without having a firm grasp of the landscape of scholarly communication due to lack of experience or education in this area. This article is a guide to the key issues and concepts of scholarly communication for librarians new to this facet of academic librarianship. …