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2012

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Articles 12271 - 12300 of 15703

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Antinociceptive Role Of The Anterior Interposed Nucleus Of The Cerebellum, Christopher E. Hagains Jan 2012

The Antinociceptive Role Of The Anterior Interposed Nucleus Of The Cerebellum, Christopher E. Hagains

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

The cerebellum has been extensively studied for its role in pain. It is safe to say that the cerebellum has a modulatory role in pain. It is active during various types of pain, but it also plays a role in inhibiting pain. An overall contribution to pain has yet to be defined. This study was performed to contribute to knowledge pertaining to the cerebellum's role in pain. Specifically, the role of the interposed nucleus in descending inhibition was of interest.To test the role of the interposed nucleus in descending inhibition, single-unit extracellular electrophysiological recordings were collected to observe dorsal horn …

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Does Fibromyalgia Resolve With Functional Restoration Treatment In Chronic Disabling Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders? Prevalence And Treatment Responsiveness, Meredith M. Hartzell Jan 2012

Does Fibromyalgia Resolve With Functional Restoration Treatment In Chronic Disabling Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders? Prevalence And Treatment Responsiveness, Meredith M. Hartzell

Psychology Theses - Archive

Fibromyalgia (FM), a musculoskeletal syndrome involving widespread pain and tenderness to palpation, is considered stable and chronic, with few researchers evaluating diagnosis loss at post-treatment. FM patients (N = 117) entered functional restoration (FR) treatment, and 41% lost ACR 1990 diagnostic criteria for FM at post-treatment. Patients that lost the diagnosis (LFM group; n = 48) differed from patients who retained the diagnosis (RFM group; n = 69) on psychosocial measures of depressive symptoms, pain intensity, health-related quality of life, and disability at post-treatment, but were similar to the lumbar only comparison group (n = 87). LFM patients physically functioned …

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Human Trafficking: Law Enforcement's Perceptions And Knowledge, Stormy Michelle Slider Jan 2012

Human Trafficking: Law Enforcement's Perceptions And Knowledge, Stormy Michelle Slider

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The perceptions and knowledge of law enforcement personnel regarding the issue of human trafficking was analyzed by utilizing a self-administered survey with questions measuring those items. Unfortunately there is a limited amount of literature available that addresses the role and responses to human trafficking amongst law enforcement personnel and was therefore taken into consideration during the analysis of this research study. The findings of this study found that there does not seem to be a significant statistical difference among law enforcement personnel's confidence in victim identification when related directly to the number of training hours they have received pertaining to …

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A Closer Look At Race, Capital, And Sentencing: An Examination Of Race And Death Penalty Post-Furman And Gregg Decisions From 1977-2011, Michael R. Khodayari Jan 2012

A Closer Look At Race, Capital, And Sentencing: An Examination Of Race And Death Penalty Post-Furman And Gregg Decisions From 1977-2011, Michael R. Khodayari

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The aim of this thesis is to study racial disparity in capital sentencing since Gregg and Furman decisions from 1977-2011. The data used in this study came from execution in the United States, 1608-2002 (the ESPY file) and death penalty information center, 2003-2011. The findings of the data suggest that there is a relationship between the race of the victim and the race of the offender in the capital sentencing. Most of the empirical literature to date examined in the study also conclude that race is a determining factor in capital punishment cases.

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Racial Disparity And The Crack Cocaine Federal Sentencing Guidelines, Sandy L. Binnicker Jan 2012

Racial Disparity And The Crack Cocaine Federal Sentencing Guidelines, Sandy L. Binnicker

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

Racial disparities throughout the Federal Prison System are perhaps more apparent today than ever largely due to the fact that people are becoming increasingly cognizant of disproportionate sentencing for various types of crimes, most notably for crack cocaine versus powder cocaine offenses established under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. Regardless of their legal origins, or who or what is most responsible for their continued utilization, the uses of disproportionate sentences for similar offenses are part of an alarming trend occurring in our criminal justice system. It is crucial, therefore, to have a better understanding of the magnitude of this problem, both …

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Human Trafficking: The Perceptions Of Students Towards The Underground Sex Trafficking Network, Jennifer Jones Jan 2012

Human Trafficking: The Perceptions Of Students Towards The Underground Sex Trafficking Network, Jennifer Jones

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study is to measure the perception, while controlling for race and ethnicity, towards human trafficking in 2012. Specifically, the perceptions of both undergraduate and graduate criminology and criminal justice college students at the University of Texas at Arlington are examined by a survey. A Quantitative empirical approach is used to measure the views of students on this topic. This study uses a non-experimental, cross-sectional survey design which consists of a single observation of undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Texas at Arlington. A non-probability convenience sample (n=108) is used for this group. The ultimate …

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Fear Of Dna Exonerees, Callie Brown Jan 2012

Fear Of Dna Exonerees, Callie Brown

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this research was to determine if the public has a fear of wrongly convicted individuals that have since been exonerated through the use of DNA evidence. Existing research on DNA exonerations and exonerees has not addressed this phenomenon. The researcher distributed surveys to undergraduate students taking criminology and criminal justice courses at the University of Texas at Arlington. The data was analyzed using a t-test to compare the means of Caucasian and non-Caucasian respondents. The findings suggest that Caucasians and minorities have different levels of perceived fear of DNA exonerees in a variety of circumstances. The two …

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Defense Industry Fraud And Whistle-Blowing: A Study Of The Relationship Between Perceptions Of Fraud And Whistle-Blowing, Ryan A. Bradbury Jan 2012

Defense Industry Fraud And Whistle-Blowing: A Study Of The Relationship Between Perceptions Of Fraud And Whistle-Blowing, Ryan A. Bradbury

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between perception of fraud occurring in the defense industry and likelihood of engaging in whistle-blowing behaviors. To accomplish this, college students attending the University of Texas at Arlington were selected (n=281) to respond to surveys on the topic of defense industry fraud and whistle-blowing. This study used statistical analyses such as T-tests (Independent Sample T-test and ANOVAs) to determine significant differences between variables. The variables of gender, race, major, political party and defense industry associations were found to have statistically significant differences. Scales were also created for perception of defense …

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The Effect Of Video Games On Aggressive Behavior In Undergraduate Students, Marisa Prokarym Jan 2012

The Effect Of Video Games On Aggressive Behavior In Undergraduate Students, Marisa Prokarym

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The study of the relationship between media and aggressive behavior gained popularity in the 1950's with television and has evolved to examine other media sources in the following decades. Video games have become the new media source of concern within the past decade (popularized in 2000), and as a result inspired the current study as an extension of the previous media studies. The current study examined the effect of video game play on aggressive behavior through survey research and consisted of 167 undergraduate participants at the University of Texas - Arlington. The analysis revealed that the personality and behavior of …

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Child Abuse Among Tarrant County Probationers, Alyssa Wadas Jan 2012

Child Abuse Among Tarrant County Probationers, Alyssa Wadas

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

Child abuse occurs throughout every city, in every state, in the United States. Child abuse occurs in many different forms, including but not limited to: physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, medical neglect, psychological abuse and neglect. For many children child abuse never gets reported and children have a lifetime to cope with the effects of the abuse without consequence to the abuser. The current study explores probationers who report to the Tarrant County Probation office in Tarrant County Texas who have been convicted of or received deferred adjudication for committing an offense against a child in the State of …

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Perceptions Of Inmates, Inmates' Life In Prison, And Reentry Into Society: An Evaluation Of Educational Influence On Societal Perceptions Versus The Realities Of Inmates' Experiences, Krystal Salazar Jan 2012

Perceptions Of Inmates, Inmates' Life In Prison, And Reentry Into Society: An Evaluation Of Educational Influence On Societal Perceptions Versus The Realities Of Inmates' Experiences, Krystal Salazar

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study was to conduct an in class survey over the perceptions of inmates, inmates' life in prison and reentry into society. The study hoped to gain understanding of educational influence on societal current perceptions on the topic. Statistical analyses of t-tests were conducted to control for gender, victimization, and knowing someone who was ever incarcerated versus not knowing someone ever incarcerated. The results suggested many victims agreed that inmates face hardships in prison and in society. Furthermore, victims believed community cohesion is crucial to reintegration. The study hypothesized that perceptions of inmates, inmates' life in prison …

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Student Perceptions Of Drug Neighborhoods: An Analysis Of Visual Cues That Contribute To Students' View Of What Is Or Is Not A Drug Neighborhood, Jeremy Thompson Jan 2012

Student Perceptions Of Drug Neighborhoods: An Analysis Of Visual Cues That Contribute To Students' View Of What Is Or Is Not A Drug Neighborhood, Jeremy Thompson

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

Perceptions of crime has been an emerging criminological area of study for the past twenty years. Prior research has shown that visual cues of social disorganization are indicators of both general crime and narcotics crime. This research explores perceptions of narcotics crimes through the utilization of a cross-sectional quantitative research method. Data collected through this study was analyzed by a series of tests which confirm prior findings regarding the connection between visual cues of social disorganization and the perception of crime. This study further suggests that visual indicators of crime have the greatest impact on women, Asian or Pacific Islanders, …

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Burger Cultures: Mcdonaldization And De-Mcdonaldization In Croatia And The U.S., Ashley Wendell Kranjac Jan 2012

Burger Cultures: Mcdonaldization And De-Mcdonaldization In Croatia And The U.S., Ashley Wendell Kranjac

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

The primary goal of this thesis is to contribute to critical/ social theory through food theory by examining the interactions between local (i.e., internal food trends) and delocalization/ globalization, which are external food trends in Croatia and the United States. I argue, the globalization process is visible in Croatian's adoption of processed foods and fast-food experiences, while the localization in the United States is observable in the re-creation of local, organic, and slower food practices. Subsets of Croatians are embarking on a path of monoculturalism, and conversely, subgroups in the United States are deconstructing and resisting the one common global …

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Venezuela; A Case Study, Susan Janell Wilkerson Jan 2012

Venezuela; A Case Study, Susan Janell Wilkerson

Political Science Theses - Archive

A case study of Venezuela is provided to test Marxist theory of political development. The first hypothesis is: three characteristics are inherent in any politically developed nation-State:There is an inherent class divide in society and this divide is based upon the ratio of wealth produced to wealth distributed by the modern industry;The existence of this class divide has existed throughout history and has led to political dictatorships of a small possessing class over a large proletariat class;As developments in the world market increase an individual's awareness in global society, the proletariat class organizes to abolish the dictatorship of a small …

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With Liberty And Justice For Some, Shannon E. Kern Jan 2012

With Liberty And Justice For Some, Shannon E. Kern

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

This thesis identifies trends in attitudes toward LGBT civil rights from 1973 to 2012; however, the main purpose is to examine public attitudes toward marriage equality in the United States in 2006. Based upon the 2006 General Social Survey (GSS), this study uses cross-tabulation and chi-square tests as well as multivariate ordinal logistic regression to examine relationships between support for marriage equality and political views (party affiliation, political ideology), religiosity (spirituality, religiosity, belief application, religious activities, attendance), media consumption (TV hours, news source), LGBT contact (in general, at work, in family, in neighborhood, in voluntary organizations), and social demographic characteristics …

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Facebook Or Face-To-Face? Connection And Community In A Wired World, Sara Ridenour Jan 2012

Facebook Or Face-To-Face? Connection And Community In A Wired World, Sara Ridenour

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

We live in a state of constant connection. Literally speaking, businesses provide free Wi-Fi connections to patrons, and smartphones allow people to connect to the Internet anywhere and everywhere. Social networking sites, such as Twitter and Facebook, establish personal connections. These technical and personal connections can enhance feelings of belonging and help people follow current events, but they also create new expectations regarding communication and relationships. Technology provides more opportunities than ever before for people to maintain relationships with each other and the world around them, but that same technology allows people to connect without any face-to-face contact. Technology encourages …

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The Rugged Action Hero And His Sexy Love Interest: Gender In Popular Movie Posters, Brandyn Paige Gabriel Jan 2012

The Rugged Action Hero And His Sexy Love Interest: Gender In Popular Movie Posters, Brandyn Paige Gabriel

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

As a social institution, the media exert a profound influence on people's lives and shape the way people conceive gender. Although a great deal of research exists analyzing gender in the media, the area of gendered portrayals of characters in movie posters remains largely unexplored. This study uses systematic and illustrative analysis of movie posters to examine this previously ignored topic. Furthermore, it seeks to situate these portrayals within larger societal trends by making connections between the themes that emerge from this sample and the media's status as a social institution, mainstream gender roles, conservative definitions of masculinity and femininity, …

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Narrativity And Involvement In Online Consumer Reviews: The Case Of Tripadvisor, Camilla Vasquez Jan 2012

Narrativity And Involvement In Online Consumer Reviews: The Case Of Tripadvisor, Camilla Vasquez

World Languages Faculty Publications

Drawing on recent work on digital narratives of personal experience in online genres such as email, social networking sites, and blogs, the present study explores narrative features in 100 online consumer reviews of hotels. Focusing on negative reviews, or “Rants,” from popular consumer travel platform, TripAdvisor, the article examines both canonical and genre-specific structural features of narratives, as well as some of the discursive resources used by online narrators to engage their audiences, and to draw them into their stories. Specifically, the study explores the use of story prefaces and related forms of second person address, represented speech and mental …

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Prevalence And Correlates Of Hiv Infection In A Cohort Of Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, Waimar Tun, Vartika Sharma, Mary Philip Sebastian, Ira Madan, Amita Yadav, Meredith Sheehy, Dean Lewis, Ibou Thior, Avina Sarna Jan 2012

Prevalence And Correlates Of Hiv Infection In A Cohort Of Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, Waimar Tun, Vartika Sharma, Mary Philip Sebastian, Ira Madan, Amita Yadav, Meredith Sheehy, Dean Lewis, Ibou Thior, Avina Sarna

HIV and AIDS

Baseline assessment of HIV infection among male injection drug users to understand the correlates of HIV infection and high risk injection practices and sexual behavior in Delhi, India.

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The Failures And Possibilities Of A Human Rights Approach To Secure Native American Women’S Reproductive Justice, Barbara Gurr Jan 2012

The Failures And Possibilities Of A Human Rights Approach To Secure Native American Women’S Reproductive Justice, Barbara Gurr

Societies Without Borders

This article has three purposes: the first is to bring to light current violations of Native American women’s basic right to health as these violations are produced by the federal government and imposed through the Indian Health Service. The second is to articulate the challenges of current human rights discourse in articulating and providing for Native Americans’ human rights within the United States. Third, this article offers a potential strategy for understanding and redressing the violation of Native women’s right to health through the rubric of reproductive justice. Drawing from over ten years of participant observation as well as semi-structured …

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Challenges In Localizing Global Human Rights, Ranita Ray, Badana Purkayastha Jan 2012

Challenges In Localizing Global Human Rights, Ranita Ray, Badana Purkayastha

Societies Without Borders

Drawing from ethnographic and historical data combined with document analysis, this article addresses two issues related to the mechanisms involved in localizing global human rights ideas: 1) the disharmony that may results when global ideas are concretized in the form of domestic laws and come in conflict with the ever shifting local rights consciousness and 2) the role of habitus in determining how human rights advocates respond to changing local rights consciousness. By examining the ways in which violence against women is addressed by a human rights commission in an Indian state, the disjuncture between local appropriations of global human …

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‘Woman As…’: Personhood, Rights And The Case Of Domestic Violence, Stacy Missari, Christine Zozula Jan 2012

‘Woman As…’: Personhood, Rights And The Case Of Domestic Violence, Stacy Missari, Christine Zozula

Societies Without Borders

This article uses the first domestic violence case filed against the United States in the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) to discuss the politics of gender and domestic violence. We discuss how gender-neutral frameworks of the case in the U.S. ignore the interpersonal gender and power issues which often attend domestic violence cases. The case before the IACHR was arguably more successful in addressing gender by drawing from the human rights literature on women’s rights. However, given that this case is the first human rights charge against the United States by a domestic violence survivor, the specifically gendered framework …

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Trafficking Risks For Refugees, Annie Wilson Jan 2012

Trafficking Risks For Refugees, Annie Wilson

Societies Without Borders

This article examines a number of risk factors in the life situation of refugees that place them in danger of falling prey to human traffickers. Among the factors discussed are protracted refugee situations, conflict situations and security, precarious economic conditions, the circumstances of women and children, the prevalence of sexual and gender-based discrimination and violence, physical and psychological trauma, and the absence of legal protection. The article examines the unintended consequences of enforcement and border controls in increasing trafficking risks for refugees. Stronger refugee protection is the fundamental building block for reducing trafficking risk. Additionally, mapping, assessment and targeted programs …

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Help Create Order; Beggars Opera; Communication, George Snedeker Jan 2012

Help Create Order; Beggars Opera; Communication, George Snedeker

Societies Without Borders

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Anarchy As Order: The History And Future Of Civic Humanity By Mohammed Bamyeh, Dana M. Williams Jan 2012

Review Of Anarchy As Order: The History And Future Of Civic Humanity By Mohammed Bamyeh, Dana M. Williams

Societies Without Borders

No abstract provided.

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“Learning The Truth And Stating The Facts”: Us State Department Claims-Making And The Construction Of “Human Rights”, Nancy A. Matthews Jan 2012

“Learning The Truth And Stating The Facts”: Us State Department Claims-Making And The Construction Of “Human Rights”, Nancy A. Matthews

Societies Without Borders

Official US discourse claims US leadership and benevolence in promoting human rights worldwide. But US action on human rights is more complicated and paradoxical. My aim is to problematize “human rights” in particular discursive contexts in order to discover what is encompassed by this set of concepts and how the discourse about human rights exposes the relations of ruling (Smith 1990). I examine the discourse of the powerful, i.e., the US State Department in its Annual Country Reports on Human Rights. The repetition of facts, assertions, and ideas by a hegemonic institution constructs a reality that is difficult to counter. …

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Just Places: Creating A Space For Place In Environmental Justice, Damayanti Banergee Jan 2012

Just Places: Creating A Space For Place In Environmental Justice, Damayanti Banergee

Societies Without Borders

This paper explores how discourses on sense of place and cultural heritage inform environmental justice conflicts. I argue that while economic distribution remains the overarching frame within environmental justice scholarship, cultural entitlement concerns are rarely discussed in the literature. I argue that environmental justice scholarship can draw upon place and cultural research to explore how cultural entitlement claims can be incorporated in environmental justice. I draw upon place literature to propose a three-dimensional typology of place. I call these three dimensions – political place, cultural place, and moral place. The proposed typology allows us to examine how discourses of place …

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Symposium On The Implications Of The Asa Human Rights Statement For Research, Teaching And Service, Mark Frezzo, Judith Blau, Louis Edgar Esparza, Davita Silfen Glasbert, Bruce K. Friesen Jan 2012

Symposium On The Implications Of The Asa Human Rights Statement For Research, Teaching And Service, Mark Frezzo, Judith Blau, Louis Edgar Esparza, Davita Silfen Glasbert, Bruce K. Friesen

Societies Without Borders

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Fallgirls: Gender And The Framing Of Torture At Abu Ghraib By Ryan Ashley Caldwell, Amina Zarrugh Jan 2012

Review Of Fallgirls: Gender And The Framing Of Torture At Abu Ghraib By Ryan Ashley Caldwell, Amina Zarrugh

Societies Without Borders

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Inside Al-Qaeda And The Taliban: Beyond Bin Laden And The 9/11 By Saleem Shahzad, Sikandar Tangi Jan 2012

Review Of Inside Al-Qaeda And The Taliban: Beyond Bin Laden And The 9/11 By Saleem Shahzad, Sikandar Tangi

Societies Without Borders

No abstract provided.

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