Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Culture And Friendship On Rewarding Honesty And Punishing Deception, Cynthia S. Wang, Angela K.-Y. Leung, Michelle Ya Hui See, Xiang Yu Gao

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The present research explores whether the type of relationship one holds with deceptive or honest actors influences cross-cultural differences in reward and punishment. Research suggests that Americans reward honest actors more than they punish deceptive perpetrators, whereas East Asians reward and punish equally (Wang & Leung, 2010). Our research suggests that the type of relationship with the actor matters for East Asians, but not for Americans. East Asians exhibit favoritism toward their friends by rewarding more than punishing them, but reward and punish equally when the actors are strangers (Experiment 1 and 2); Americans reward more than they punish regardless …

Fairness: Processes Are As Important As Outcomes, David Chan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

People are sensitive to the fairness of decisions made or the treatment they receive. Research in work contexts has shown that it is important for processes like personnel selection, performance appraisal and compensation to be perceived as fair, because fairness perceptions influence how people react to situations and their leaders. This also applies to public policy implementation and public engagement efforts.

Relating Trait Self-Control And Forgiveness Within Prosocials And Proselfs: Compensatory Versus Synergistic Models, Daniel Balliet, Norman P. Li, Jeff Joireman

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The present research tested 2 competing models specifying how 2 traits (concern with the well-being of others and self-control) interact to predict forgiveness. According to the compensatory model, forgiveness requires being high on either trait; according to the synergistic model, forgiveness requires being high on both traits. Two preliminary studies demonstrated the main effect of trait (Study 1a) and primed (Study 1b) self-control on forgiveness. Three primary studies consistently supported the compensatory model in predicting willingness to forgive a partner who behaves noncooperatively in a 2-alternative prisoner’s dilemma (Study 2), a continuous give-some dilemma (Study 3), and a 2-alternative maximizing …

Cultural Differences In The Subjective Experience Of Emotion: When And Why They Occur, Christie N. Scollon, Sharon Koh, Evelyn Wing Mun Au

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Cross-cultural comparisons of subjective emotional experience are common, and virtually any comparison of nations or different ethnic groups is bound to yield some differences and some similarities. While nobody doubts the considerable intercultural variability in subjective or self-reports of emotion, more attention needs to be given to when and why and these differences occur. In this article, we explore factors that accentuate or attenuate cultural differences in the subjective experience of emotion. We propose that cultural norms shape emotional experiences to different degrees depending on the time frame of the emotional experience, the valence of the emotion, and even the …

Linear Programming-Based Estimators In Simple Linear Regression, Daniel P. A. Preve, Marcelo C. Medeiros

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper we introduce a linear programming estimator (LPE) for the slope parameter in a constrained linear regression model with a single regressor. The LPE is interesting because it can be superconsistent in the presence of an endogenous regressor and, hence, preferable to the ordinary least squares estimator (LSE). Two different cases are considered as we investigate the statistical properties of the LPE. In the first case, the regressor is assumed to be fixed in repeated samples. In the second, the regressor is stochastic and potentially endogenous. For both cases the strong consistency and exact finite-sample distribution of the …

Prevention Of Vessel-Source Marine Pollution: A Note On The Challenges And Prospects For Chinese Practice Under International Law, Nengye Liu, Frank Maes

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article examines China’s domestic legal regime for the prevention of vessel sourcepollution. It pays special attention to the recently adopted Regulation on Preventionand Control of Marine Pollution from Vessels. Potential challenges and emerging issuesthat China has to confront are addressed, including: application of the legislation todisputed sea areas between China and its neighbors, freedom of navigation in theexclusive economic zone, reduction of emission from ships, and prevention of invasivespecies from ballast water.

Trust And The Commitment To Fairness, Tan K. B. Eugene

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Assistant Professor Eugene Tan writes that tripartism has given us years of industrial peace and prosperity in Singapore, but warns that trust must work both ways. The high principle of tripartism does not necessarily mean that the partners will subscribe to the same policies and outlook on what is needed for workplace harmony.

Intertemporal Substitution In The Time Allocation Of Married Women, Ken Yamada

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper studies a life-cycle model of home production to examine how married women change their allocation of time in response to evolutionary movements along the life-cycle wage profile in Japan. After accounting for the potential bias due to heterogeneity, measurement error, weak instruments, and missing data, the estimates of intertemporal substitution elasticity obtained from the home production model are moderate and similar to those obtained from the standard labor supply model.

Sex Differences In Cooperation: A Meta-Analytic Review Of Social Dilemmas, Daniel Balliet, Norman P. Li, Shane J. Macfarlan, Mark Van Vugt

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Although it is commonly believed that women are kinder and more cooperative than men, there is conflicting evidence for this assertion. Current theories of sex differences in social behavior suggest that it may be useful to examine in what situations men and women are likely to differ in cooperation. Here, we derive predictions from both sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives on context-specific sex differences in cooperation, and we conduct a unique meta-analytic study of 272 effect sizes—sampled across 50 years of research—on social dilemmas to examine several potential moderators. The overall average effect size is not statistically different from zero (d …

Review Of Identity Economics By Akerlof And Kranton, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Public Opinion And Food Animal Welfare, Randolph L. Cantrell

Cornhusker Economics

In the October 12, 2011 edition of Cornhusker Economics, Professor Dave Aiken brought us up to date on the issue of food animal welfare as it might affect Nebraska agriculture. His update was rendered out of date a mere six days later when the Nebraska Farmers’ Union (NEFU) and the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) announced an agreement and the formation of a new advisory body, the Nebraska Agricultural Council of the Humane Society of the United States. The stated goal of the new organization is “To advance more humane practices on farms and ranches and to …

2011 November, Office Of Communications & Marketing, Morehead State University.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Press releases for November of 2011.

The Incidence Of The Mortgage Interest Deduction: Evidence From The Market For Home Purchase Loans, Andrew R. Hanson

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

This article examines the incidence of the largest housing-related subsidy in the federal budget, the home mortgage interest deduction (MID). The author uses the difference in interest rates for loans made around the MID limit to identify the incidence of the subsidy. Using data on individual mortgages originated in 2004, the author estimates that for every $1,000 borrowed without the MID, the interest rate on the entire loan decreases by between 3.3 and 4.4 percent. Results suggest that lenders capture between 9 and 17 percent of the subsidy created by the home MID through higher mortgage interest rates.

Practicing What They Preach? Lynching And Religion In The American South 1890 - 1929, Amy Kate Bailey, Karen A. Snedker

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

This project employs a moral solidarity framework to explore the relationship between organized religion and lynching in the American South. The authors ask whether a county’s religious composition affected its rate of lynching, net of demographic and economic controls. The authors find evidence for the solidarity thesis, using three religious metrics. First, their findings show that counties with greater religious diversity experienced more lynching, supporting the notion that a pluralistic religious marketplace with competing religious denominations weakened the bonds of a cohesive moral community and might have enhanced white racial solidarity. Second, counties in which a larger share of the …

Smu Appoints Bryce Hool As Economics Dean, Singapore Management University

SMU Press Releases and News

No abstract provided.

(Wp 2011-09) The Development Effects Of Natural Resources: A Geographical Dimension, Fabrizio Carmignani, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Working Papers

Despite the recent growth resurgence, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains the poorest region in the world. At the same time, it is a region that heavily relies on natural resources. In this paper we investigate the extent to which the second fact helps explain the first one. The distinctive feature of our study is that we take a geographical perspective and allow the effect of natural resources to differ across regions of the world. Our findings suggest that (i) the effect of natural resource intensity on per-capita income is positive and significant in general, but almost negligible and possibly negative in …

Access, November 2011, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Access Magazine

No abstract provided.

Hard Times For Peace Between Two Internally Divided Societies, Claudia Heiss

Human Rights & Human Welfare

These are not promising days for those who desire peace between Israelis and Palestinians, with two states respected by each other and recognized by the international community, living securely side by side. Richard Falk’s article rightly stresses the negative role played by the US Government in its sharp rejection of the Palestinian bid for statehood at the United Nations Security Council. The problem, however, seems to lie deeper in these complex societies and their current political leaderships.

November Roundtable: The Palestine Bid For Statehood At The Un, Introduction, Claudia Fuentes Julio

Human Rights & Human Welfare

An annotation of:

“Statehood versus “Facts on the Ground””. By Richard Falk. Aljazeera, September 20, 2011.

The Us On The Palestinian Statehood Bid: Weighing The Costs, Thomas Pegram

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Reflecting on the controversy surrounding the Palestinian bid for statehood, Richard Falk neatly subverts the opening words of the UN Charter, “we the people,” as having always surrendered to “we the governments,” and, in the modern era of American empire, “we the hegemon.”

This may well be true. The UN Security Council (UNSC), in particular, is viewed in Washington as a vehicle for hegemonic ambitions—to be indulged when it serves its purpose and vetoed and sidelined when it does not. Unfolding events at the UNSC, reportedly due to vote on the Palestinian resolution on November 11 but now postponed perhaps …

The Sum Of The Parts, Therese O'Donnell

Human Rights & Human Welfare

From one perspective the Middle East lends itself as a macabre mise-en-scene where the triumph of realpolitik over the legitimacies of international law can be continually re-staged. To be sure, at least two sovereign states seem to go their own way, even in the face of rampant and valid international criticism—the end of a construction freeze on illegal settlements and failures to condemn clearly illustrate this point. However, two can play at that game. The US veto of the October 2003 draft Security Council resolution declaring as illegal Israel’s construction of its security fence, beyond the 1949 Green Line and …

Review Of The Book Gender And Globalization: Patterns Of Women’S Resistance, Erica G. Polakoff And Ligaya Lindio-Mcgovern, (Eds.)., Mantra Roy

Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

City Council And County Commissioners: Views Regarding Montana Tourism, Norma P. Nickerson, Christine Oschell

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The MT Tourism and Recreation Charter highlights principles by which the tourism industry should conduct itself for a sustainable industry. The state Office of Tourism and numerous entities around the state have endorsed the Charter. Since the charter reaches beyond tourism promotion and includes criteria for development, politicians, especially at the local level, have substantial influence on the “integrity of place and destination appeal.” It is important to understand the attitudes of local elected officials in regards to this charter. The purpose of this study was to gauge the level of agreement local Montana elected officials have with the Montana …

Teachers' Attitudes Towards Overt And Covert Bullying, And Perceived Efficacy To Intervene, Dianne L. Byers, Nerina J. Caltabiano, Marie L. Caltabiano

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Abstract: Covert bullying has become a serious problem in Australian schools. Past research has focused on overt bullying, especially physical forms. This study explores teacher characteristics that influence their attitudes and responses to covert bullying. Responses to three scales measuring teacher attitudes towards bullying, perceived self-efficacy and preferred style of handling bullying incidents, as well as background questions were sought from 62 teachers from a Catholic Diocese in Queensland. Overt bullying incidents were taken more seriously than covert bullying; victims were shown empathy and intervention was likely. All teachers showed high levels of self-efficacy and were likely to intervene in …

Singapore And Re-Engineering Economic Space: Observations From The Middle East, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The hallmark of the Singapore state-led, market-driven interventions, and their efficacy, have often been a matter of academic contention. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, revisits Singapore’s state-enterprise strategy in the context of the city-state’s determined efforts at internationalization through a series of state-engineered projects, orchestrated to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand into the region and beyond. This internationalization stratagem remains controversial; premised, as they are, on the exportability of Singapore’s state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as technological competencies of Singaporean companies, government-linked or otherwise, to locations where these attributes …

A Capping Case Study: Integrating Freight Rail Into A Community Setting, Jeff Schnabel, Tristan Brasseur

TREC Final Reports

This investigation seeks to explore specific design solutions that could potentially enhance the capabilities of heavy rail facilities while increasing their safety and reducing their environmental and community impacts.

Using Portland's Brooklyn Rail Yard as the study site, this case study explored the potential of structural platforms (caps) built above the existing rail yards to provide development space for expanding rail capacity and rail related activities. The potential for capping to reduce /eliminate conflicts between rail and non-rail uses will also be investigated. Finally, the various designs were presented for caps at the rail yard.

Capping projects (the development of …

Health Insurance Coverage Dipped Along With The State, U.S. Economy, Ryan Dann, Jason R. Jurjevich

Publications, Reports and Presentations

A brief examination of the effects that economic downturns have on health insurance coverage in Oregon. Reviews statistical information relating to health coverage, and disparities that exist within the state.

A Pomdp Model For Guiding Taxi Cruising In A Congested Urban City, Lucas Agussurja, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We consider a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) model for improving a taxi agent cruising decision in a congested urban city. Using real-world data provided by a large taxi company in Singapore as a guide, we derive the state transition function of the POMDP. Specifically, we model the cruising behavior of the drivers as continuous-time Markov chains. We then apply dynamic programming algorithm for finding the optimal policy of the driver agent. Using a simulation, we show that this policy is significantly better than a greedy policy in congested road network.

Delphi In Criminal Justice Policy: A Case Study On Judgmental Forecasting, Kim Loyens, Jeroen Maesschalck, Geert Bouckaert

The Qualitative Report

This article provides an in-depth case study analysis of a pilot project organized by the section "Strategic Analysis" of the Belgian Federal Police. Using the Delphi method, which is a judgmental forecasting technique, a panel of experts was questioned about future developments of crime, based on their expertise in criminal or social trends. The results demonstrate how police authorities could implement judgmental forecasting methods like Delphi methodology for the anticipation of future criminal trends, and how this technique, applied under specific conditions, can complement current crime analysis techniques. This article will not focus on criminal trends that were forecasted in …

Contextualizing The Perceived Barriers Of Adult Learners In An Accelerated Undergraduate Degree Program, David Deggs

The Qualitative Report

Research has consistently suggested that colleges and universities should review academic programs and support services in order to make modifications to meet the needs of adult learners. However, one could argue that colleges and universities cannot be successful in meeting adult learners' needs without understanding the barriers they experience. This study utilized phenomenology to examine the perceived barriers of adult learners in an accelerated undergraduate degree program in the mid-South. Analysis of data collected from adult learners identified three types of barriers: (a). intrapersonal, (b). career and job-related barriers, and (c). academic-related. The results of this study suggested that barriers …