Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Public Services Department : Annual Report : 2010 - 2011, Nelson Poynter Memorial Library

USF St. Petersburg Campus Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Verbal Behavior Of Mice And Men: Preference For Multiple Schedules Of Reinforcement As An Indicator Of The Evolution Of Verbal Behavior, Adrianne Eileen Lewis

Psychology Theses - Archive

The evolution of verbal behavior in humans is believed to have appeared in the form of a complex operant behavior. According to behaviorists, the development verbal behavior which is exclusive to Homo sapiens could have been the result of an increased sensitivity to environmental stimuli in the form of another person. Previous animal research by Roark and Kopp (2008) found that sensitivity to environmental stimuli (as indicated by a preference to respond to a multiple schedule of reinforcement) and a preference to respond to additional cues could be a precursor to the evolution of verbal behavior in Sprague Dawley rats. …

Competition Between Dorsal Root Reflex And Sympathetic Activity On Neurogenic Inflammation, Ailing Li

Psychology Theses - Archive

Neurogenic inflammation is caused by the inflammatory substances released from the peripheral terminals of afferent fibers. Vasodilation is one of the cardinal signs of neurogenic inflammation. It is thought that neurogenic inflammation is closely related with dorsal root reflex (DRR). DRRs are the antidromic action potentials that can be elicited by noxious stimuli and promote the release of inflammatory substances from the nerve terminals to facilitate neurogenic inflammation, like increase of the vasodilation. Some studies have proved that DRR can propagate bilaterally after being induced unilaterally. However, in our previous studies, we didn't observe significant increase of contralateral blood perfusion, …

Embeddedness Versus Isolation In Dissonance-Induced Attitude Change, Rebecca L. Robinson

Psychology Theses - Archive

The argument is made that embedded and isolated attitudes differ in the magnitude and effects of cognitive dissonance in an induced-compliance paradigm. Individuals who engaged in counterattitudinal advocacy with an embedded attitude experienced increased negative affect but decreased attitude change compared to those who engaged in counterattitudinal advocacy with an isolated attitude. Traditional choice condition effects were also found to be different when the attitude was embedded versus isolated, with the embedded attitude characterized by a reversal of the expected effects typically seen with isolated attitudes. It is argued that induced-compliance dissonance studies have historically been restricted to one-sided isolated …

Religious Orientation And Responses To Anxiety: The Mediating Role Of Trust, Jennifer Rae Jones

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

This research experimentally manipulated death anxiety and examined its effects on social, spiritual, and self-support. Individual level of religiosity was examined as a moderating variable. Various forms of trust were examined as potential mediators of the relationship between death anxiety and sources of support. The participants' ages ranged from 17-48 (M = 22.13 SD = 6.30), including 141 females and 39 males. A marginally significant interaction (p = .09) was found between experimental condition and participant level of religiosity in predicting general support by God, such that intrinsic religiosity predicted general support by God most strongly in the anxiety condition, …

An Animal Model Of Conditioned Placebo Analgesia, Christopher T. Mcnabb

Psychology Theses - Archive

Research on placebo analgesia (PA) has called for the further elucidation of underlying neural mechanisms. Animal models allow for experimental manipulations that are not possible or feasible in human research such as brain lesions. Therefore, an animal model would be ideally suited to expand upon human PA literature; however, there is currently no animal model of PA. This study used a classical conditioning paradigm in an effort to induce an analgesic response to placebo treatment in rats. Thirty eight female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent an L5 spinal nerve ligation (L5 SNL) to induce a chronic neuropathic pain condition. Animals were conditioned …

Creating And Studying "Instant Enemies" And Instant Allies" In Same-Sex Dyadic Interactions, Anna E. Park

Psychology Theses - Archive

The present study was designed to investigate the “instant enemy” and “instant ally” phenomena. Forty-three pairs of unacquainted college students interacted in same-sex and same-race pairs for 10 minutes. In the enemy condition, the dyads consisted of one participant who was liberal and one participant who was conservative. In the ally condition, both participants were either liberal or both participants were conservative. It was expected that dyads consisting of political opposites would behave like “instant enemies,” whereas dyads consisting of participants with similar political attitudes would behave more like “instant allies.” This general prediction was expected to be reflected in …

Evaluation Of A Randomized Clinical Trial Of A Psychoeducational Intervention On Long-Term Quality Of Life, Negative Affect, Progression And Survival In Head And Neck Cancer Patients, Lara Anne Trevino

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

The relationship between psychological and physiological factors that impact health is an important consideration for daily life, illness prevention, treatment, and recovery in cancer patients. Psychological functioning may impact overall immune functioning, which may affect efficacy of cancer treatment and disease outcomes. Unfortunately, how psychological variables and quality of life during treatment may impact progression or survival has not been systematically studied. There is a growing body of research suggesting that psychological factors are important predictors of quality of life among cancer survivors. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a randomized clinical trial of …

Sex, Drugs, And Work: The Associations Of Personality Characteristics, Risky Sex, Substance Use, And Work Behavior In Young Adult Restaurant Workers, Robyn D. Petree

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

Personality characteristics among young adult (18 - 29 years old) restaurant workers were examined in relation to substance use, risky sexual behavior, and several work outcomes. High sensation seekers and emerging adults were associated with more alcohol and drug use, lower levels of work engagement, and higher levels of intent to quit. Sensation seeking was also related to shorter job tenure. Emerging adulthood was also related to more days absent from work, more sexual partners, and having more unprotected sex. These findings are particularly important for the restaurant industry, one of the largest employers of young adults who are often …

Measurement Invariance Of The Sf-12 Across Ethnic Groups Among Women In Postpartum, Tamer Farouk Desouky

Psychology Theses - Archive

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine differential item functioning (DIF) as a plausible cause of subgroup variation in the short-form health survey (SF-12). Methods: Cross sectional secondary data analysis of postpartum women (n = 655) who participated in a prospective cohort longitudinal design was conducted. Hypotheses predicted that subgroups would exhibit DIF among items measuring physical health as assessed by the SF-12. If DIF is found then other postpartum related variables, such as social support and parity, will explain DIF through mediation analysis. A Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) model was used to examine DIF among these …

Nonvoters: Doing Nothing To Change The Government They Hate, Geoffrey N. Mciver

Political Science Theses and Capstones

The sporadic and often dismal voter turnout of the American public is often regarded as a hole in the democratic model. This research examines the influence of an individual‘s attitude about their government and how it affects their voting habits. Literature in the past has isolated demographic makeup as the reason for nonvoting, i.e. education or income. However, the nonvoter‘s state of mind in relation to their general feelings toward government and the social contract has been broadly overlooked. A new measure of an individual‘s attitude toward government was created using a collection of survey questions centered on a person‘s …

Gender Differences In Emotional Labor, Cara L. Fay

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

This study examined the differences in emotional labor efforts between men and women. Emotional labor refers to the incongruity between experienced emotions and displayed emotions. This "faking" or "acting" that takes place during emotional labor has been found to be correlated with negative work-related outcomes such as job satisfaction, burnout, turnover intentions, and decreased work performance. These outcomes can cost organizations millions of dollars in terms of lost revenue, innovation, and employee-related expenses. Likewise, these outcomes can cost individuals greatly in terms of physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The study sought to experimentally examine how emotional labor differs by gender. …

Testing The Effects Of Civility And Rationality During Political Contact, Jason R. Popan

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

This research project investigated the effects of civility and rationality of contact between self-identified liberals and conservatives on several outcome measures: participants' evaluations of the political ingroup and outgroup; political attitude certainty; perceived amount of difference between political group members (liberal and conservative); and political identification strength. A 2 (civility: high, low) X 2 (rationality: high, low) experimental design was used in both studies. In Study 1, participants encountered fictitious Internet discussion board posts, with manipulated levels of civility and rationality. Findings from Study 1 did not confirm expectations that exposure to civil and rational civil discourse would lead to …

Behaviors And Attitudes Related To Youth Runaway Behaviors, Braden Anthony Bozer

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine running away behaviors related to certain attitudes and behaviors during childhood and adolescence. Data for this study was collected from 206 students that filled out a self report questionnaire while attending the University of Texas at Arlington during the Fall semester of 2010 or Spring semester of 2011. The main point of this research was to examine attitudes and behaviors that caused participants to have runaway thoughts or actually run away. Other variables observed were gender, family structure, and parent's education level. Two logistic regressions were run. Depression was the behavior that …

The Impact Of The War On Drugs: African-American Women's Perceptions Through A Phenomenological Approach, Zandra D. Hubbard

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of African-American women who have been impacted by incarceration based on drug offense. Studies have indicated that in last twenty years, women have been incarcerated at a much higher rate than their male counterparts (Bureau of Statistics Bulletin, 2009; Kappeler & Porter, 2005; Harrison & Beck, 2003).African-American women have the highest imprisonment rate (Tonry, 1995; Nunn, 2002). As a result, this study attempted to portray the impact of the war on drugs on African- American women while considering all the factors relevant to their incarceration phenomenon. This qualitative study was …

Perceptions Of Terrorism Regarding Fear Of Victimization, Rufus Abraham

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study is to measure perceptions of terrorism in regards to fear of victimization by terrorist organizations among college undergraduates. A quantitative measure of levels of fear of victimization and its possible effects on student behavior will be obtained through the use of a survey instrument. The 120 students will be confidentially surveyed at The University of Texas at Arlington. The experimental group will have nine media photos of major terrorist events attached to their survey. The research team hypothesizes that female undergraduates will have higher rates of fear of victimization than male undergraduates in both groups …

Racial Disparities And Capital Sentencing As Perceived By Criminology And Criminal Justice Students, Hubert Kanda Lumbala

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

The purpose of this study is to examine the difference of perceptions of criminology and criminal justice (CRCJ) male students in comparison with their female counterparts on possible race factor in death penalty sentencing. The data in this study were obtained from a sample of 100 male and female CRCJ students enrolled in CRCJ courses during the semester of fall 2010 at the University of Texas at Arlington, located in north Texas. The findings in this research suggest that there is a little significant difference of knowledge among both male and female CRCJ students as pertaining to the death penalty, …

How Irish Racecourses Use Pr Tactics And Promotional Tools To Improve Attendance Levels At Race Meetings., Jennifer Henley

Theses

The use of more innovated and interesting public relations techniques and media platforms have recently been more widely introduced into the common workplace. Recessionary times have made business life extremely difficult but the exploitation of more modern and unusual techniques have been helping organisations of today in combating the poor economic climate that currently exists. The use of reputation, branding and promotion is heightening the awareness of brands and attracting customers.

This debacle exists within the Horse Racing Industry as much as in any other industry and racecourse managers and PR managers have been witnessing the steady decline in attendance …

Trabecular Bone Variation In Mid And Upper Craniofacial Regions Of Four Anthropoids, Leslie Claire Pryor Smith

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

Some posit that robust supraorbital tori seen in fossil hominin species are an adaptation to hard object feeding, while others believe that supraorbital morphology is overdesigned for mastication in robust species. Strain gage analysis of primate craniofacial regions finds that strain is much lower in the supraorbital region relative to the zygomatic region, however, the mechanisms behind bone adaptation to loads is not fully understood. While variations in cortical bone material properties in a few primate species have been determined, no one has explored the variation in cranial trabecular bone. This study used microcomputed tomography to assess the variation in …

Late And Terminal Classic Maya Subsistence: Stable Isotope Analysis At Chac Balam And San Juan On Northern Ambergris Caye, Belize, Dana Yvonne Ritchie Parker

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

Skeletal populations from several Maya sites during the Late and Terminal Classic periods exhibit pathologies indicative of poor health and malnutrition, while populations from other sites appear comparatively healthy. Chac Balam and San Juan from Ambergris Caye in Belize are examples of flourishing sites with skeletal populations that possess few indicators of nutritional stress. Analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes on bone collagen and carbon isotopes on bone apatite from 30 individuals was conducted to elucidate dietary intake of the populations from Chac Balam and San Juan. Results indicate dietary possibilities typical for an island population, with primary food …

Investigating Juvenile Supervisory Officers' Attitudes At A Texas Juvenile Detention Center, Justin Michael Patrick Regan

Sociology & Anthropology Theses - Archive

Punitive and rehabilitative ideologies have traditionally competed to influence correctional policy. The growing emphasis on prisoner rights however, has subtly transformed the mindset of the carceral institution. Juvenile detention officers, the frontline negotiators of these changes in the juvenile justice system, have been the focus of little ethnographical research concerning their ideological orientation or the pressures that shape that outlook. While sociological and criminal justice studies have quantitatively identified a number of individual and organizational factors that affect officers' attitudes, these studies give scant attention to the actual impact of those views on rehabilitative efforts. This paper extends the carceral …

American Sign Language Verb Categories In Constructed Action, K. Larry Rogers

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

The American Sign Language construction commonly known as "role-shift" superficially resembles mimic forms, however unlike mime, role-shift is a type of depicting construction in ASL discourse (Roy 1989). The signer may use eye gaze, head shift, facial expression, stylistic variation, and use of signing space to convey information (Lee 1997). While this construction may involve a level of gesture, it is linguistic in nature (Padden 1990). "Role-shift may be used to recreate the action in a narrative, thus the term: constructed action” (Metzger 1995). This aspect to depict action is the particular focus of this study. Participants were videotaped telling …

Developing Design Materials For Yes Campaign For The Referendum For Children's Rights In The Constitution. (Part 1), Hana Hudakova

Students Learning with Communities

The need for a constitutional referendum to address the issue of children’s rights and child protection has been the subject of ongoing debate and discussion within the child care sector for a number of years. As far back as 1989 the ISPCC in its Centenary Charter identified the possible need for a constitutional referendum to ensure children were extended the same rights as adults. My task was to create campaign guidelines for the constitutional referendum – Yes for kids. The logo was based and made as a potatoe stamp. It consists of two parts - kids face and tick symbol …

Irish Business And Society: Governing, Participating And Transforming In The 21st Century, John Hogan, Paul Donnelly, Brendan O'Rourke

Books/Book Chapters

Irish Business and Society is a contemporary exploration of the wide-ranging debates surrounding the relationships between business and society in 21^st century Ireland, providing a context in which to question and inform our perspectives on both. The book consists of diverse and thought-provoking contributions from leading business researchers, economists, sociologists and political scientists from Ireland and abroad, which address five central themes:

-- The Making and Unmaking of the Celtic Tiger

-- Governance, Regulation & Justice

-- Partnership & Participation

-- The nature of Irish Borders within Ireland, Europe & the Wider World

-- Interests & Concerns in Contemporary …

Engels Tentang Evolusi Manusia: Catatan Pendahuluan Atas Gagasan Fridriech Engels (1820-1895) Tentang Alur Evolusi Manusia Dan Peran Kerja Di Dalamnya, Dede Mulyanto

Antropologi Indonesia

This paper represents Engels’ theory of human origin with more modern facts and theories from contemporary fossil record. In Engels' theory, brain and cognitive ability is not the essential attribute of humanity. Brain capacity is not a cause; it is result or effect of evolution of more essential attribute in hominid evolution, that are terrestrial-bipedal life style and the use of tools by which labour social organisation emerge in hominid evolution.

The Experience Of Mental Health Service Use For African American Mothers And Youth, Richard Thompson, Barbara L. Dancy, Tisha R. A. Wiley, Sylvia P. Perry, Cynthia J. Najdowski

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

Little is known about African American families’ experiences with mental health services. A purposive sample of 40 dyads of African American youth (aged 13 to 19) and their mothers participated in a cross-sectional qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews that elicited information about their past experiences and satisfaction with mental health services. Though rarely received, group and family therapy were perceived favorably. However, both mothers and youth reported dissatisfaction centered on medication and lack of professionalism, confidentiality, and concern by providers. The failure of mental health services providers to meet basic standards of quality and professionalism may explain the low …

Jurors’ Perceptions Of Juvenile Offenders Tried In Adult Criminal Court, Margaret C. Stevenson, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Bette L. Bottoms, Katlyn M. Sorenson, Sylvia P. Perry

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Receptivity To Library Involvement In Scientific Data Curation: A Case Study At The University Of Colorado Boulder, Kathryn Lage, Barbara Losoff, Jack M. Maness

University Libraries: Faculty Scholarship

Increasingly libraries are expected to play a role in scientific data curation initiatives, i.e., "the management and preservation of digital data over the long-term." This case study offers a novel approach for identifying researchers who are receptive toward library involvement in data curation. The authors interviewed researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and, after analysis, created eight design "personas." Each persona represents an aggregation of researcher attributes and can be used to target strategic relationships for nascent or emerging data management initiatives. These personas are applicable to any academic library seeking to provide data curation support.

Internal Colonization And The International System: Gender Stratification In The U. S. And Its Global Implications, Muhammed Asadi

Societies Without Borders

My purpose in this paper is to critically review various theoretical perspectives contained in the literature to come up with implications for a comprehensive model that captures the intersectionality of race, gender and class in the International System with special emphasis on gender. My theoretical model links the U.S. gender ‘project’ post World War II: the construction of the post war ‘nuclear family’ and the reinvention of women’s ‘sacred domestic sphere’ to the maintenance of gender oppression globally by the U.S. in a world dominated by it. The common ingredient in such oppression is the use of women as productive …

The Oromo In Exile: Creating Knowledge And Promoting Social Justice, Asafa Jalata

Societies Without Borders

This paper explains how some Oromos who were forced to leave their country, Oromia, by successive colonial Ethiopian governments and live in exile have been organized in foreign lands to liberate their people and country by supporting the Oromo national movement. By demonstrating how global and regional forces have collaborated in the colonization, continued subjugation and dehumanization of the Oromo people, the paper illustrates how the Oromo people have lost their cultural, political, and social rights that are enshrined in the UN Universal Declaration of human rights and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and how they are still facing state …