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2000

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Articles 12361 - 12375 of 12375

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Redemption And Recovery: An Ethnographic Comparison Of Two Drug Rehabilitation Programs, A Faith Community And A Therapeutic Community, Daniel E. Hood Jan 2000

Redemption And Recovery: An Ethnographic Comparison Of Two Drug Rehabilitation Programs, A Faith Community And A Therapeutic Community, Daniel E. Hood

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This ethnography of long-term residential programs for drug users compares a therapeutic community (TC) with an evangelical Christian "training program." Using participant observation and life history interviews, it pursues three themes. The first is comparative and descriptive. It poses a basic similarity between the ideologically disparate programs. Parallels in program process and personal experience of "identity transformation" (conversion) are described. Despite the religious/secular divide, important similarities in anthropological assumptions are also identified. Contrary to earlier research, the singularity of the clientele is demonstrated. Other parallels include the ritual function of prayer and encounter, the centrality of selective biographical reconstruction, and …

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Leisure Patterns, Constraints And Socio-Demographic Characteristics Of Korean Immigrants In Western Australia, Sooyoung S. Tcha Jan 2000

Leisure Patterns, Constraints And Socio-Demographic Characteristics Of Korean Immigrants In Western Australia, Sooyoung S. Tcha

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study investigated the patterns of and constraints to leisure participation of Korean immigrants in Western Australia. The socioeconomic and demographic attributes of Korean immigrants were examined using descriptive statistical methods and their effects on leisure participation were rigorously analysed using quantitative techniques, based on data that were collected from Korean immigrants in Western Australia. The study showed that Korean immigrants participated in more passive leisure activities such as home-based ones. Participation in more active or western style leisure activities especially sports was found to be considerably low. The study also looked at which variables could explain the change in …

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Suggestibility In Children: A Review: Suggestibility Differences Between Children With And Without Mild Intellectual Impairment, Rebecca Purchon Jan 2000

Suggestibility In Children: A Review: Suggestibility Differences Between Children With And Without Mild Intellectual Impairment, Rebecca Purchon

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Literature review: The following review outlines the broad area of children and suggestibility with a focus on children with intellectual disabilities. Key determinants of suggestibility including cognitive, social and stress factors underpinning the phenomenon are examined. Secondly, methodological issues such as poor ecological validity and generaliseability to the child-victim context are discussed. Relevant studies in the field are examined in light of these methodological issues. The implications of generalising from ecologically invalid studies for legal and psychological professionals are discussed. Finally, future directions for research such as effects of different ages, differences in ethnicity and IQ differences on suggestibility are …

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Managing The Information Overload : A Case Study Of Managerial Staff In A Government Department, Kerttu Hamilton Jan 2000

Managing The Information Overload : A Case Study Of Managerial Staff In A Government Department, Kerttu Hamilton

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Research shows that the amount of information has grown vastly and information technology has greatly increased its availability. This has caused changes in the organisational environment, placing greater and greater demands on the individuals' and organisations' capacity to absorb and process information. Since information is considered to be a valuable and necessary asset, and as time for processing information is limited, an individual will have to make choices about what information to process. An exploratory case study was conducted to ascertain what rationale do individuals in an organisational setting use for making decisions about what information to process from the …

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Indeterminacy In First And Second Languages: Case Studies Of Narrative Development Of Chinese Children With And Without Language Disorder, Bee Hong Lo Jan 2000

Indeterminacy In First And Second Languages: Case Studies Of Narrative Development Of Chinese Children With And Without Language Disorder, Bee Hong Lo

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Bilingual children with specific language impairment (SLI) from non English speaking background (NESB) present a major diagnostic problem to speech pathologist and educationist in an English speaking country. There has been no known study on the simultaneous narrative development involving bilingual Chinese children with and without SLI. This longitudinal case study examined the relationship of Chinese (L1) and English (L2) in narrative development in a child with no language difficulty (Child LN) and a child (Child L1) diagnosed as having SLI. The hypothesis posed for this study was that Child L1 has the same developmental profile for narrative skill in …

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Gender Differences In Coping Responses For Partners Of Problem Drinkers, Patricia O'Brien Jan 2000

Gender Differences In Coping Responses For Partners Of Problem Drinkers, Patricia O'Brien

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis is compiled in two parts. Each part is an independent piece of work intended for separate publication. Consequently each part has separate page numbering. The list part is a literature review with relevant appendices attached. The second part is a research report incorporating the collection and analysis of data. This research report also has its own appendices. A general appendices section at the end of the thesis supplies documentation not included in either the literature review or the study. The literature review is to be submitted to the Clinical Psychology Review and the research report to the Journal …

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Living With A Transvestite : A Phenomenological Study Of Wives And Committed Partners Of Transvestites, Heather Christine Freegard Jan 2000

Living With A Transvestite : A Phenomenological Study Of Wives And Committed Partners Of Transvestites, Heather Christine Freegard

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Being a man or woman is at the core of human social lives and personal identity, and guides appropriate behaviours such as dress, mannerisms and relationships. Transvestism, or the practice of wearing the clothes of the other gender, challenges societal values and guidelines for behaviour. The attitude of society to this practice has varied from veneration to vilification depending on the period of history and the culture of the people. In western countries, although there is little social or legal repression, transvestism is largely a hidden phenomena. The tradition of comic drag has dominated public recognition of cross-dressing. Hence transvestites …

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Psychological Sense Of Community In Jewish Adolescents Of Perth, Western Australia, Darren M. Stein Jan 2000

Psychological Sense Of Community In Jewish Adolescents Of Perth, Western Australia, Darren M. Stein

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This paper explores Psychological Sense of Community (PSC) in the Jewish adolescent population of Perth. The main aim was to investigate the differences between student attending the private Jewish School (Carmel) or another school within the metropolitan area. Participants were recruited from Carmel School, W A Maccabi (Jewish sport club) and by using a snowball sampling technique. The total sample included 167 students (60 males and 107 females) in years 10, II and 12. Participants' PSC was assessed by the modified Sense of Community Index (SCI). Results showed significantly higher PSC in Carmel students (ᵽ< .05), males (ᵽ< .01) and Somewhat observant individuals (ᵽ< .0 I). No relationship was found between PSC and whether one lived in the central Jewish suburbs. The relationship between PSC and length of time lived in the community was not a positive, linear one as expected. Results that were contrary to those in the literature may be effected by the community's traditional gender stereotypes and high numbers of migrants. Limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.

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Research Problem: What Are The Differences Between Wadjela And Nyungar Criteria When Assessing Organisational Effectiveness Of Non-Government Human Service Organisations?, Keith Truscott Jan 2000

Research Problem: What Are The Differences Between Wadjela And Nyungar Criteria When Assessing Organisational Effectiveness Of Non-Government Human Service Organisations?, Keith Truscott

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Wadjela and Nyungar experts (of managerial, administrative, service staff), from the same South-West city location in Western Australia were randomly chosen from the non-government human service field for separate workshops and asked the question “what makes a non-government human service organisation effective?" The purpose was to compare the group consensus answer between the two separate workshop groups. The Nyungars are the Indigenous people in the South-West of Western Australia and the Wadjelas are the Non-Indigenous people living in the same area. The results listed five criteria, in order of priority that made non-government human service organisations effective. For the Wadjela …

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So-- You Do This For A Living? : A Study Of Women In Adventure Recreation In Western Australia, May Carter Jan 2000

So-- You Do This For A Living? : A Study Of Women In Adventure Recreation In Western Australia, May Carter

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study explored the experiences of women working in the adventure recreation industry in Western Australia. Ten women employed in the local adventure recreation industry were selected as a cross-section sample. Selection criteria for this study included employment in the industry for more than five years, competency in several adventure recreation activities and extensive field experience in "hands-on" instructional roles. The women selected ranged in age from twenty-seven to fifty years of age. Years of employment in the adventure recreation industry ranged from five to thirty years. The purpose of this study was to describe the realities of working in …

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Shamanism And Alien Abductions : A Comparative Study, Simon Brian Harvey-Wilson Jan 2000

Shamanism And Alien Abductions : A Comparative Study, Simon Brian Harvey-Wilson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Some UFO researchers (ufologists) claim that being abducted by aliens can be compared with shamanic initiation experiences in traditional societies in that both types of experience may be similarly transformative, leading to a more spiritual or animistic world-view, a deep concern for the environment and the development of paranormal abilities such as healing. This qualitative study is designed to investigate the validity of such claims. The research aim is to see whether the experiences and subsequent world-view of eleven alien abductees (eight women and three men) from a local abduction support group are similar to those of the typical shaman …

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Coping With Health-Related Problems And Psychological Distress Amongst Older Adult Hospital Patients, Fotini Katerina Zachariades Jan 2000

Coping With Health-Related Problems And Psychological Distress Amongst Older Adult Hospital Patients, Fotini Katerina Zachariades

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study addresses the extent to which coping strategies can predict emotional status amongst a sample of older adult hospital patients in Perth, Western Australia. Older people are frequently in hospitals because of the large number of serious health problems that are more common in this age group. Older people vary in how well they deal with illness, and negative emotional reactions can complicate medical care. The emotional states of depression, anxiety and somatic complaints were assessed in a group of 120 older adults from two Perth hospitals. Two questionnaires were administered: the Depression, Anxiety and Somatic Complaints subscales from …

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Parents' Construction Of Emotional Abuse And Neglect Of Children Aged Birth To Six Years In A Rural District In Uganda, Edreda Tuwangye Jan 2000

Parents' Construction Of Emotional Abuse And Neglect Of Children Aged Birth To Six Years In A Rural District In Uganda, Edreda Tuwangye

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Child abuse and neglect are endemic not only in Western countries but also in developing countries such as Uganda. An investigation was conducted to establish how parents living in rural Uganda construe child abuse and neglect. The study is of theoretical interest on two counts. First, there is evidence to suggest that Western accounts of child abuse and neglect may not apply to developing countries, a matter of importance given the dominance of Western research in the thinking of policy and intervention studies. Second, most of the research assumes that abuse and neglect are self-evident constructs and there is seldom …

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Killing Ostriches: Young Women, Family Violence And Youth Work, Judy Kulisa Jan 2000

Killing Ostriches: Young Women, Family Violence And Youth Work, Judy Kulisa

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Using a phenomenological approach, this study, "Killing Ostriches" sought to investigate the experience of violence in the home of a small group of young women living in the northern suburbs of Perth. Seven young women between the ages of 17-26 took part in the study. Five of these young women claimed to have experienced violence in their family of origin and the: remaining two, introduced for triangulation purposes, claimed not to have done so. The study sought, not only to explore the lived experience of violence in the home for these young women, but to also investigate their experience of …

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Prisoners' Use Of Social Support, Gaynor S. Hobbs Jan 2000

Prisoners' Use Of Social Support, Gaynor S. Hobbs

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Manuscript 1: It is generally acknowledged that prison is often a stressful environment, yet little is known of the coping processes employed by prisoners. This paper aims to examine the question of what facilitates and frustrates prisoners' use of social support whilst imprisoned. This question is examined with regards to both informal (family and friends, other prisoners) and 'formal sources of support (professional support services, peer support prisoners, prison officers). The conclusion that was drawn from this review of the literature is that the role of social support in correctional environments is largely unknown and current thinking is based primarily …

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