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Articles 1 - 30 of 96
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Introduction, Ken Mccormick
The Role Of Foreign Direct Investment In Transition Economies, With Special Emphasis On The Republic Of Croatia, Marko Svetina
The Role Of Foreign Direct Investment In Transition Economies, With Special Emphasis On The Republic Of Croatia, Marko Svetina
Major Themes in Economics
This paper examines the process of transition in Central Europe. It examines the development of international trade theories as a basis for the emergence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), along with a brief history of FDI. Special consideration is given to FDI as a determinate of economic growth in transitional Croatia. It is argued that Croatia has reached a level of economic development where it can make use of substantial amounts of FDI.
Income Inequality And Economic Growth: An Empirical Study About The Effects Of Economic Growth On Income Distribution, Steve Schuler
Income Inequality And Economic Growth: An Empirical Study About The Effects Of Economic Growth On Income Distribution, Steve Schuler
Major Themes in Economics
The Kuznets inverted-U hypothesis has been a source of debate in development economics for years. Most of the recent studies on the subject have been panel studies. In this paper, the author re-considers the possibility of testing the Kuznets hypothesis in a cross-sectional study. The results suggest that the Kuznets hypothesis does hold. However, there are a number of qualifications about the research presented which must be considered.
Trade Adjustment Assistance: Past Issues, Current Concerns, And A Possible Solution, Mike Hanson
Trade Adjustment Assistance: Past Issues, Current Concerns, And A Possible Solution, Mike Hanson
Major Themes in Economics
Compensating workers who are displaced by trade provides a key political tool for advancing the cause of free trade. Since 1962 the United States has provided such compensation through Trade Adjustment Assistance. Throughout much of the program's relatively short life, there has been much criticism of its effectiveness. However, converting the program to one that provides earnings insurance rather than income replacement would greatly improve the program by providing strong incentives to find work.
Population Trends In Rural Iowa: Decline And Recovery, Jake Hansen
Population Trends In Rural Iowa: Decline And Recovery, Jake Hansen
Major Themes in Economics
In the 1980s, the population of the United States increased by 22,219,000 people, or 9.8%. At the same time, the population of the state of lowa declined by 4.7%, meaning a loss of over 136,000 Iowans. Many experts blame the farm crisis of the 1980s for this population decline. As of 1998, only 20 of Iowa's 99 counties had experienced population growth since 1980. The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that contributed to Iowa's population decline in the 1980s and what Iowans can do to stabilize their population in the years ahead. The focus of this …
A New Era In American Agriculture, Peter Hosch
A New Era In American Agriculture, Peter Hosch
Major Themes in Economics
The implications of the 1996 Freedom to Farm Bill go far beyond free market agriculture. By moving away from past farm policy and lifting subsidy payments, America's small farmers will be forced out of business. This should have happened gradually over the years. With current agricultural technology and the unique structure of the agriculture industry, the phasing out of the small farmer will be rapid. Current trends in agribusiness consolidation also threaten the rural businesses that have traditionally supported the small farmers and consumer choice in the marketplace.
Geography Newsletter, Spring 2000, University Of Northern Iowa. Department Of Geography.
Geography Newsletter, Spring 2000, University Of Northern Iowa. Department Of Geography.
Geography Newsletter
Inside this issue:
-- As the New Century Dawns
-- Dr. Robert Clark Retired Spring 1999
-- Geography enrollments for Non-Introductory Courses
-- UNI Partnership in the Midwestern Transportation Consortium
-- Careers in Geography
-- Curricular Developments
-- New Cultural Geography Faculty Member Appointed for 2000-01
-- Department of Geography to Establish Foundation Account
-- Recent Geography Graduates
-- Alumni Album
-- Roy Chung to Retire This Spring
-- Spring Awards Banquet: Friday, April 21, 2000
Self-Mutilation : Using Pain To Cope, Wendy S. Cook
Self-Mutilation : Using Pain To Cope, Wendy S. Cook
Graduate Research Papers
Self-mutilation is a serious mental and physical health problem that is often under-reported and misdiagnosed. The mutilation is a reaction to negative internal feelings, such as despair, anxiety, anger, or cognitive constriction. The goal of the self-mutilation is relief from emotional pain by using physical pain. The self-mutilator has low self-esteem, bouts of depression, difficulty forming intimate relationships, and usually suffered some type of trauma such as physical or sexual abuse. Pharmacological treatment for the self-mutilator has been experimental but has not been well researched. However, research seemed to indicate that individual and group therapy, specifically cognitive-behavioral therapy, is helpful …
Youth Violence : A Comprehensive Literature Review, Amy L. Licht
Youth Violence : A Comprehensive Literature Review, Amy L. Licht
Graduate Research Papers
Over the last decade a great deal of literature has been focused on the subject of youth violence. For this paper, youth violence is defined as elementary and adolescent-aged boys and girls who commit violent acts. These include: the use of physical force to produce injury or death to others, gang fighting, hate crimes, sexual and/or physical assault, bringing and/or using weapons at school, and aggressive behavior used as a means to gain a certain outcome.
Many studies have been conducted focusing on several dynamics involved in this complicated issue. The focus of the present work was primarily to: review …
Wilderness Orientation Programs : Their Impact On Student Development And Retention, Mary L. Russell
Wilderness Orientation Programs : Their Impact On Student Development And Retention, Mary L. Russell
Graduate Research Papers
This paper is designed to accomplish two purposes. First, I will examine current writings and research on orientation programs in general and on Wilderness Orientation Programs and look at how these particular forms of orientation programs are benefiting colleges and universities in terms of student development and retention. Second, in an attempt to further analyze Wilderness Orientation Programs in the light of student development, I will apply Klein's Framework and Chickering's Seven Vectors to the concepts of Wilderness Orientation Programs. I will conclude with recommendations for further research.
Distribution And Habitat Of The Southern Two-Lined Salamander, Eurycea Cirrigera, In Will County, Illinois: Implications For Population Management And Monitoring, David Mauger, Timothy Bell, Eric L. Peters
Distribution And Habitat Of The Southern Two-Lined Salamander, Eurycea Cirrigera, In Will County, Illinois: Implications For Population Management And Monitoring, David Mauger, Timothy Bell, Eric L. Peters
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The southern two-lined salamander (Eurycea cirrigera) was found to occur at numerous localities within the Kankakee River State Park in Will County, Illinois. The species is restricted to small drainages within the Kankakee River valley that have flow consisting of groundwater that discharges at seeps or springs at or within the valley bluff. Cooler water temperatures and possibly other conditions that are associated with water derived from seep or spring sources may be important factors in determining salamander abundance. This is particularly relevant to larval habitat. These observations suggest that the spring or seep-fed larval habitat may be the primary …
Revitalization Of Ephemeral Pools As Frog Breeding Habitat In An Illinois Forest Preserve, Denins Nyberg, Irene Lerner
Revitalization Of Ephemeral Pools As Frog Breeding Habitat In An Illinois Forest Preserve, Denins Nyberg, Irene Lerner
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Almost all land in the eastern United States that has been acquired to preserve nature was once in agricultural usage, and because of this, alterations of ephemeral pool hydrology are common in forest preserves and parks. These ephemeral pools are an important breeding resource for many amphibian species. We hypothesized that filling drainage ditches and recreating a more natural topography at eroded berms would enhance amphibian populations in the forest preserve. Restoration of the hydrology was begun by volunteers in 1993 and was associated with management to reduce non-native woody vegetation. Three ephemeral pools have had maximum water levels raised …
Statement Of The Position Of The Iowa Academy Of Science On The Validity Of Evolutionary Science And On The Status Of Creationism As A Scientific Explanation Of Natural Phenomena
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Current attempts to introduce "scientific creationism", "creationism", or the Judeo-Christian biblical account of creation, as well as to reframe the discussion around terms such as "abrupt appearance theory", "intelligent design theory", or other disguised forms of creationism into the science classroom along with or instead of evolutionary science are strongly opposed by The Iowa Academy of Science on the grounds that creationism, in whatever form, is a religious doctrine and not science.
Book Review: Wildflowers And Other Plants Of Iowa Wetlands, Paul Christiansen
Book Review: Wildflowers And Other Plants Of Iowa Wetlands, Paul Christiansen
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Wildflowers and Other Plants of Iowa Wetlands. Sylvan T. Runkeland Dean M. Roosa. 1999. Iowa State University Press. 372 pages. ISBN 0-8138-2174-6 pbk.
Runkel and Roosa have scored again with an impressive book on the plants of Iowa wetlands. The format is similar to their very successful Wildflowers of the Tallgrass Prairie (ISU Press, 1989) with full-page color illustrations of each species with the facing page giving nomenclatural data, range and habitat, leaf, flower and fruit characteristics. Information and interesting facts about the plant, including uses by aborigines and early settlers, follows.
Realities And Treatment Of Rape, Alison S. Brennan
Realities And Treatment Of Rape, Alison S. Brennan
Graduate Research Papers
One in three women have experienced a sexual assault. The impact of sexual assault can affect numerous aspects of a woman's life including: sexual health, cognitions, behaviors, emotions, interpersonal relationships, and self-perceptions. The healing journey for a rape victim is often initiated with the aid of a counselor. For this reason alone, it is crucial for counselors to have a basic knowledge of the symptoms as well as the various treatments for rape victims.
Couple Counseling Issues And Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions, Amy M. Christensen
Couple Counseling Issues And Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions, Amy M. Christensen
Graduate Research Papers
Couple counseling services, a source of hope and assistance for relationships of all types, have become a standard mental health practice available all over the country. These services are being demanded, sought after, and utilized in agencies, within religious settings, and in private practice.
The purpose of this paper will be to describe the use of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in couple's therapy. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy was selected because it is frequently used to treat couples. Hollen (1998), Janowsky (1999), and Speigler (1998) documented its effectiveness with individuals and couples seeking therapeutic service.
This paper will address problems that develop in the relationships, …
Burnout : Implications For Counselors, Rhonda L. Corell
Burnout : Implications For Counselors, Rhonda L. Corell
Graduate Research Papers
The phenomenon of burnout has received wide attention during the last fifteen years, especially in human service organizations. Burnout may affect individuals in a number of ways within the work setting. Its consequences may be physical, emotional, or intellectual (Whitaker, 1995). The key characteristics are an overwhelming exhaustion; feelings of frustration, anger, and cynicism; and a sense of ineffectiveness and failure (Maslach & Goldberg, 1998). Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment are symptoms of a cognitive and emotional state that mental health workers experience and observe among their colleagues (Leiter & Harvie, 1996). Although some people may quit the …
Stepfamilies : Implications And Interventions For Children, Deanna S. Johnson
Stepfamilies : Implications And Interventions For Children, Deanna S. Johnson
Graduate Research Papers
The American family has been in a state of transition for the past three decades. Marital dissolution has quadrupled in the past 20 years, with three in five marriages ending in divorce. Approximately 80% of divorced men and 75% of divorced women remarry, creating 5.3.million married-couple households in which at least one stepchild under 18 resides.
The author of this paper will address several factors and intervention strategies that have been identified as potential determinants of healthy adaptation in children in stepfamilies. Given the increasing prevalence of stepfamilies in this country, it is imperative that school counselors become knowledgeable in …
Integrating Spirituality Into Mental Health Counseling, Mary Jane Madsen
Integrating Spirituality Into Mental Health Counseling, Mary Jane Madsen
Graduate Research Papers
This paper represents an attempt to bring together information from the existing literature that, when combined, could form a basic framework of thought and application for counselors who wish to integrate spirituality into mental health counseling. As mental health counseling students or more seasoned professionals consider this information, they may choose to take practical ideas into their work with clients, or at least become more involved in further reading and research on the topic. The paper concludes with a presentation of ethical issues that specifically relate to the integration of spirituality into the traditional mental health counseling paradigm.
Examining Counseling Strategies For African American Adolescent Crack Abusers, Paula Reed Dorris
Examining Counseling Strategies For African American Adolescent Crack Abusers, Paula Reed Dorris
Graduate Research Papers
The author of this paper has addressed the significance of the development of treatment strategies to implement with African American adolescent crack addicts. An integral basis for tailoring culturally specific treatment approaches for African American adolescents relates to the unique circumstances, which may promote more extensive crack abuse by this group. Depression was the difficulty which the author chose to focus upon. Several different methods of helping these adolescents are discussed. The intervention strategies which show promise in helping African American adolescent crack addicts include: (a) Interpersonal Therapy; (b) psycho-educational programs; (c) involvement of family members in treatment; (d) use …
The Effects Of Computers And The Internet On Small Town America, Judith L. Clefisch
The Effects Of Computers And The Internet On Small Town America, Judith L. Clefisch
Graduate Research Papers
Computers and the Internet have changed the way small town America operates. The infusion of technology has allowed rural areas to be competitive with residents in urban areas in education, business, and personal fulfillment. Computerized systems have made the workplace more efficient and effective. The Internet connects rural areas to the rest of the country, even the world. Just because a small town atmosphere appears to be in a different era with its quiet streets and friendly people, this does not necessarily indicate that the small town has not kept up with the technology era. A small town can have …
Holistic Approaches In Counseling, Rachel Denhart
Holistic Approaches In Counseling, Rachel Denhart
Graduate Research Papers
The concept of holism has several meanings according to this review of the literature; the origination and evolution is complex. The definitions and context of holism in counseling are specified. Moreover, the elements and models based in holism are examined. Finally, the areas in which holistic based counseling occurs are outlined and investigated.
The Double Edged Sword Of Depersonalization: An Examination Of Depersonalization's Role In The Police Profession, Michael J. O'Connor
The Double Edged Sword Of Depersonalization: An Examination Of Depersonalization's Role In The Police Profession, Michael J. O'Connor
Dissertations and Theses @ UNI
The role of depersonalization is the central focus of this study. A major issue in examining the role of depersonalization is whether the present concept of burnout is an appropriate indicator of bumout for police officers. The commonly accepted conception of burnout is a process of emotional exhaustion that leads to depersonalization, followed by a reduction in work accomplishment. Depersonalization, by this conception, is a symptom of burnout. By definition,depersonalization is the psychological distancing of emotional and psychological trauma in stressful situations—a coping technique.
For police officers, depersonalization acts as a shield of emotional armor to maintain a sense of …
Including Preschool Children In The School Counseling Program : Classroom Recommendations For Counselors, Nancy A. Kriener
Including Preschool Children In The School Counseling Program : Classroom Recommendations For Counselors, Nancy A. Kriener
Graduate Research Papers
School counselors have long advocated including all children in their guidance programs. However, preschool children who attend public schools are often not a part of the school counseling program.
In light of the national trend emphasizing the importance of early childhood education, many public schools are assuming more responsibility for preschool education (Hohenshil & Hohenshil, 1989). As more and more preschools are being adopted by public schools, school counselors must be ready to extend their services to these children.
Residential Learning Communities : What Are They? Why Do We Have Them? Are They Here To Stay?, Kris Franzen
Residential Learning Communities : What Are They? Why Do We Have Them? Are They Here To Stay?, Kris Franzen
Graduate Research Papers
Higher education administrators have been challenged with creating optimal learning and developmental environments, and have identified residence halls as one area on college campuses that can be used as a tool in promoting learning. In order to be more purposeful in creating learning environments, housing administrators have created residential learning communities. The communities discussed in this paper have centered around freshmen interest groups, academic areas and majors, and common interests. The majority of information available to this point has been very positive. However, more information is needed before it is certain that the communities are worth the money that institutions …
Conflict Resolution : A Counseling Skill, Carol Jean Friedmann
Conflict Resolution : A Counseling Skill, Carol Jean Friedmann
Graduate Research Papers
Conflict resolution is a counseling skill (Ivy, 1994; Haley, 1976; Pearce, 1996). Counselors are in a unique place to both promote conflict resolution skills and use counseling skills while practicing conflict resolution for longer lasting and therapeutic resolutions. Two environments in which counselors have been especially active regarding conflict resolution have been in the schools and in the family (Moore, 1996).
To take a closer look at conflict resolution, this paper will do the following: define conflict resolution; look at common attitudes and ways of handling conflict; examine the effects of destructive conflict resolution and the effects of teaching constructive …
Adolescent School Refusal In Japan : Implications For School Counselors, Noriko Ido
Adolescent School Refusal In Japan : Implications For School Counselors, Noriko Ido
Graduate Research Papers
Since its emergence in the late 1950s, school refusal has been identified as a severe problem related to schooling in Japan. Its etiology is complex; changes in social environment in Japan after World War II which affect everyone, familial factors such as parenting style, and school environmental factors are considered as critical factors which cause school refusal.
School counselors need to not only understand the background information of school refusal, but also identify early symptoms and intervene before students develop it. Coordination and consultation roles are especially important in dealing with this problem. Consultation with parents of school refusers is …
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (Odd) In Children And Adolescents, Maria J. Garlie
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (Odd) In Children And Adolescents, Maria J. Garlie
Graduate Research Papers
This paper is a review of the literature on Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in children and adolescents. Included in this review is information on the history of changes through which the diagnosis of ODD has gone, a comparison of children with ODD to "normal" children in terms of development, gender differences, co-morbidity, etiology, and treatment interventions.
Effectively Addressing The Needs Of Bereaved Children, Nichole J. Flint
Effectively Addressing The Needs Of Bereaved Children, Nichole J. Flint
Graduate Research Papers
Any professional counselor who works with children will eventually be presented with children who have lost a loved one due to death. It is important, therefore, for counselors to acquire basic knowledge about how children understand death, how children are affected when shielded from the facts about death, what the grieving process looks like for children, and whether a child's reactions to death is typical or whether it is a sign of more serious mental health problems.
A brief overview summarizing these factors is included in the first section of this paper. In the second section, the author will explore …