Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Training African-American Social Workers Through The Nul Fellowship Program, Iris Calton-Laney

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The National Urban League (NUL), under Dr. George Edmund Haynes' leadership made the training and education of African American social workers one of its major functions during the early 1900s. This article provides detailed information about the unique and timely fellowship program which provided funding and opportunities for many African American to study social work at leading schools of social work in the country. The Social Science Department of Fisk University also played a significant role in pioneering African American social work education, and is also briefly discussed.

Social Workers And The Development Of The Naacp, Linda S. Moore

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article addresses the relationship between African-American leaders and settlement house workers in the development of the NAACP. Using social movement theory and Hasenfeld and Tropman's conceptual framework for interorganizational relations, it analyzes the linkages developed between voluntary associations and how they benefitted all involved. This linkage provides lessons for today's struggle for social justice.

Review Of Declining Fortunes: The Withering Of The American Dream. Katherine S. Newman. Reviewed By David Stoesz, San Diego State University., David Stoesz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Anthropology, arguably the most American of the social sciences, is also the most poignant. In Declining Fortunes, Katherine Newman adeptly applies her anthropological skills to a most American topic: the prospects of the baby boom generation. Drawing on interviews with residents of "Pleasanton," a prosperous suburban community in the Northeast, Newman traces the generational identity of what could be the most influential cohort in the nation's history. But fortune has eluded the baby boomers. In her exploration of the context, the consequences, and the rationalization of generational failure, Newman integrates demographic and economic evidence with her interviews producing an account …

Rethinking Social Policy: Race, Poverty And The Underclass. Christopher Jencks.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Christopher Jencks. Rethinking Social Policy: Race, Poverty and the Underclass. New York: Harper Collins, 1992. $12 papercover.

Jencks is best know for his pioneering study of the affects of education on the life chances of individuals but he has also gained a reputation as a astute commentator on diverse social questions. His articles in magazines such as the New York Review of Books, The New Republic and American Prospect have been widely read.

Welfare System Reform: Coordinating Federal, State And Local Public Assistance Programs. Edward J. Jennings Jr. And Neal S. Zank (Eds).

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Edward J. Jennings Jr. and Neal S. Zank (Eds). Welfare System Reform: Coordinating Federal, State and Local Public Assistance Programs. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993. $55.00 hardcover.

Social Work Macro Practice. F. Ellen Netting, Peter M. Kettner And Steven L. Mcmurtry.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

F. Ellen Netting, Peter M. Kettner and Steven L. McMurtry. Social Work Macro Practice. New York: Longman, 1993. $35.50 hardcover.

The term 'macro-practice' has been bandied about in social work circles for some years but it has not been satisfactorily 167 168 Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare defined. It is still used loosely as a synonym for community organization, administration or social policy, and sometimes it is employed to denote any form of social work intervention other than clinical practice.

Human Services In Contemporary America. Paul Scmolling Jr., Merrill Youkeles And William R. Burger.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Paul Scmolling Jr., Merrill Youkeles and William R. Burger. Human Services in Contemporary America. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks-Cole Publishing Co., 1993. $42.75 hardcover.

Introduction - The Legacy Of African-American Leadership In Social Welfare, Iris Carlton-Laney

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The legacy of African-American leadership in social welfare history is only recently finding space in social work literature. The small number of professional journals in social work that publish historical articles, along with institutionalized resistance to the acknowledgement of African-Americans contributions to the development of the profession, have contributed to this dearth of scholarship. The results have been that many professionals are disinclined to perceive of African-Americans as resourceful, skilled and powerful. Instead, the theme of pathology permeates social work literature, teaching, and ultimately social work practice. The social work profession emphasizes the importance of diversity, yet fails to acknowledge …

"Gentle Student Bend Thine Ear To My Speech" An Essay About Sojourner Truth, Abolitionist And Feminist, Laura B. Somerville

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Sojourner Truth provides a powerful model of advocacy for the social work profession. This paper offers an analysis of this important historical figure that centers around the implications of being a doubly oppressed minority. An analysis of the nineteenth century chattel slavery system sets the stage for understanding the social environment. A brief biography of her life and evolution from enslaved chattel to feminist activist will highlight her social, spiritual, and personal development. Her philosophy, which is compatible with the modern feminist movement, is outlined by an analysis of her speeches.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 21, No. 1 (March 1994)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

SPECIAL ISSUE ON THE LEGACY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN SOCIAL WELFARE

Edited by Iris Carlton-LaNey

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION: THE LEGACY OF AFRICANAMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN SOCIAL WELFARE - Iris Carlton-LaNey
• "GENTLE STUDENT BEND THINE EAR TO MY SPEECH:" AN ESSAY ABOUT SOJOURNER TRUTH, ABOLITIONIST AND FEMINIST - Laura Budd Somerville
• WILLIAM STILL, A PIONEER AFRICAN AMERICAN SOCIAL WORKER 1821-1902 - Audreye E. Johnson
• TRAINING AFRICAN-AMERICAN SOCIAL WORKERS THROUGH THE NUL FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM - Iris Carlton-LaNey
• NORTH CAROLINA PUBLIC WELFARE INSTITUTES FOR NEGROES 1926-1940 - N. Yolanda Burwell
• THE HISTORY OF SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION FOR BLACK PEOPLE, 1900-1930 - Robenia Baker …

North Carolina Public Welfare Institutes For Negroes 1926-1946, Yolanda N. Burwell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Black welfare workers in the South had limited opportunities for professional social work education and development. In 1926, annual public welfare institutes for Blacks were sponsored by the North Carolina State Board of Charities and Public Welfare through its Division of Work Among Negroes. They filled a critical educational and professional void. For twenty years, these annual institutes bolstered the knowledge and skills of a growing corp of Black welfare workers and the maturation of the profession in North Carolina.

The History Of Social Work Education For Black People 1900-1930, Robenia Baker Gary, Lawrence E. Gary

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The nature and extent of the contributions of Black people to social work education during the early twentieth century is the focus of this paper. The scope of this investigation includes: the identification of prominent Black social work educators; analysis of the curricula and the Atlanta School of Social Work and the Bishop Turtle School; and a description of the four basic approaches to social work training for Black people during this development phase of the social work profession.

Social Work Services And Social Work Training For African Americans In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1900-1930, Tawana Ford Sabbath

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The longstanding presence of African Americans in Philadelphia explains the establishment of social welfare institutions and agencies by more affluent African Americans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The Armstrong Association of Philadelphia and Women's Christian Alliance are two of the more prominent and enduring efforts initiated by African Americans to serve their own. Both also provided a vehicle for training for African Americans who desired to join the new profession of social work.

"Almost A Partnership": African-Americans, Segregation, And The Young Men's Christian Association, Susan Kerr Chandler

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

On January 1, 1913, the Colored Men's Department of the Young Men's Christian Association gathered in Washington, D.C., at the Twelfth Street "Y". The six African American International Secretaries made a practice of coming together on this holiday, finding in the New Year a quiet time to talk among themselves. Dr. Jesse E. Moorland, the Department's senior secretary, was scheduled to give "Remarks," as usual, and the secretaries looked forward to them-particularly this year, which, they knew, held great opportunity for their work. The Twelfth Street Y.M.C.A.-the "Colored Branch"-itself bore witness to the measured sense of hope abroad in African …

Effectively Teaching African American Social Welfare Historical Developments, Wilma Peebles-Wilkins

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A select group of African American and other educators continue to develop literature on African American social welfare. As this literature increases and is subjected to scholarly exchange and debate, educators are beginning to raise questions about effective teaching strategies for integrating the content into the curriculum and effectively delivering the content through classroom lectures and discussions. In addition to concerns about the content being "heard", black educators are concerned that African Americans not always be depicted historically as helpless individuals who were the "white man's burden" and are also concerned about the broad characterization of African American Social Welfare …

Review Of Reconstructing The American Welfare State. David Stoesz And Howard J. Karger. Reviewed By Leon Ginsberg, University Of South Carolina., Leon Ginsberg

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This brief, well written book summarizes the development and many critiques of the current American welfare system, which is what the authors mean by the term 'American Welfare State.' They demonstrate that few Americans, even many who are potential beneficiaries, feel positively about the nation's social welfare.

Review Of Reinventing Government: How The Entrepreneurial Spirit Is Transforming The Public Sector. David Osborne And Ted Gaebler. Reviewed By Mark Lusk, Boise State University., Mark W. Lusk

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

For most, the concept of a public entrepreneur is an oxymoron much like military music. But for a new generation of thinkers, such as those at the Progressive Policy Institute, government can be held accountable to its constituency by combining democratic representation with lessons learned in the marketplace. Therein lies the essence of a series of publications of which the present volume is among the better recent examples. Beginning with Peter Drucker's Age of Discontinuity in 1968 and culminating in the 1991 publication of Susan Rose- Ackerman's Rethinking the Progressive Agenda, non-conservatives have been considering the importance of market forces …

Review Of Rethinking Citizenship: Welfare, Ideology And Change In Modern Society. Maurice Roche. Reviewed By James Midgley, Louisiana State University., James Midgley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In a series of lectures in 1949, the British sociologist T. H. Marshall, used the concept of citizenship to formulate an engaging conceptual representation of the emergence of the Western welfare state. The welfare state, he suggested, personified the attainment of full citizenship rights. Civil (or human) rights which were first secured through political struggle in the 18th century, were augmented by the granting of political rights in the 19th. In the 20th century, the institutionalization of social rights in the welfare state guaranteed that basic human needs would be met.

Review Of Protecting Soldiers And Mothers: The Political Origins Of Social Policy In The United States. Theda Skocpol. Reviewed By James Midgley, Louisiana State University., James Midgley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Over the last twenty years, sociological research into the emergence of the modern welfare state has increased rapidly. This research has generated competing theoretical accounts of the dynamics of social welfare. For example, while some studies attribute the emergence of national social policies to the social and economic changes brought about by industrialization, others stress the role of trade unions in successfully negotiating with reluctant governments for the introduction of social programs. Yet others contend that social programs are purposely introduced by the ruling class in an attempt to stifle the revolutionary potential of the proletariat.

The Welfare State Crisis And The Transformation Of Social Service Work. Michael B. Fabricant And Steve Burghardt.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Michael B. Fabricant and Steve Burghardt. The Welfare State Crisis and the Transformation of Social Service Work. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1992. $42.50 hardcover, $16.50 papercover.

The damaging impact of the Reagan era and its policies on the human services has been well documented. Numerous studies have shown how budget cuts, the increased privatization and commercialization of programs, and the greater use of purchase of services contracting have limited the ability of public agencies to serve those in need. Introduced ostensibly to promote greater efficiency and to enhance "value for money", there is little evidence that these changes have met …

Support For The American Welfare State. Fay Lomoax Cook And Edith J. Barrett.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Fay Lomoax Cook and Edith J. Barrett. Support for the American Welfare State. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992. $49.50 hardcover; $16.50 papercover.

During the 1980s, the rhetoric of crisis permeated academic debates about social policy. The welfare state was said to be struggling with a major fiscal crisis and, at the same time, to be facing a crisis of legitimacy. The legitimacy of the social services was being undermined as programs were becoming increasingly costly, inefficient and unable to meet expectations. Reagan's electoral victories appeared to confirm the view that popular support for the welfare state was rapidly evaporating. …

Structural Social Work: Ideology, Theory And Practice. Robert Mullaly.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Robert Mullaly. Structural Social Work: Ideology, Theory and Practice. Toronto, Canada: McClelland and Stewart, 1993. $19.95 papercover.

African-American Males In Prison: Are They Doing Time Or Is The Time Doing Them?, Anthony E. O. King

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

African-American males comprise a disproportionate percentage of the individuals imprisoned in State correctional institutions across the United States. The purpose of this paper is to describe how incarceration affects African-American males. The author recommends more rigorous and systematic analysis of the prison experience, and how it affects the mental, physical, and social well-being of African-American males. Given this nation's commitment to using imprisonment as the principal means for punishing convicted felons, it is imperative that society ascertain the social, psychological, and economic effects of such confinement on millions of African-American males.

The Political Activity Of Social Workers: A Post-Reagan Update, Mark Ezell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article reports the findings of a survey that examined the political activism of social workers and what changes may have occurred in their political participation during the Reagan years. Social workers are politically active largely by writing letters to public officials but also by discussing political issues with friends, by belonging to politically active organizations and by attending political meetings. In addition, a substantial proportion of social workers make campaign contributions and get involved in candidate elections. Among social workers, those with the highest educational degrees, those who are NASW members, those who are in macro type jobs, and …

The Observer As An Instrument In Qualitative Community Studies, Pranab Chatterjee

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A qualitative study of leadership in local black communities was done by an Asian Indian scholar in Cleveland during the nineteen sixties and seventies. This paper narrates the conditions under which and the methodology with which the study was done. Using participant observation, interviews, and reviews of published and unpublished documents, the author develops ten propositions about organizational and electoral leadership in black communities. Further, three additional propositions about the adequacy of qualitative research are also developed from this research experience. A short comparative review of trends in these communities is appended.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 20, No. 4 (December 1993)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• EDITORIAL: THE FIRST TWENTY YEARS - Robert D. Leighninger, Jr.
• AFRICAN-AMERICAN MALES IN PRISON: ARE THEY DOING TIME OR IS THE TIME DOING THEM? - Anthony E. O. King, Ph.D.
• THE OBSERVER AS AN INSTRUMENT IN QUALITATIVE COMMUNITY STUDIES: A THIRD WORLD PERSPECTIVE - Pranab Chatterjee
• THE EMPLOYED HOMELESS: A CRISIS IN PUBLIC POLICY - Frederick A. DiBlasio, Ph.D., John R. Belcher, Ph.D., Kathleen A. Connors, Ph.D.
• JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND THE TRANSITION TO MONOPOLY CAPITALISM - Kevin I. Minor
• THE POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF SOCIAL WORKERS: A POST-REAGAN UPDATE - Mark Ezell, Ph.D.
• THE DUAL FACE OF EMPOWERMENT: …

Resources For Friendship Intervention, Rebecca G. Adams, Rosemary Blieszner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Programs affecting friendship patterns can be implemented at the individual, dyadic, network, immediate environment, community, or societal level. Literature specifically focused on friendship intervention is scarce. The relevance of other resources for the design and assessment of friendship interventions at each of these levels is described.

Practitioners who design social interaction interventions are prompted to familiarize themselves with the friendship literature and to apply the findings. Even if the goal is not to manipulate friendship patterns specifically, interventions should at least be designed not to undermine existing relationships.

Book Notes

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

BOOK NOTES

• Pure and Applied Sociological Theory: Problems and Issues. Calvin J. Larson.
• Postmodernization: Change in Advanced Society. Stephen Crook, Jan Pakulski and Malcolm Waters.
• Introduction to Macrosociology. James W. Russell
• The Renascence of Sociological Theory. Henry Etzkowitz and Ronald M. Glassman
• Erving Goffman and Modern Sociology. Philip Manning
• Pragmatism and Social Theory. Hans Joas

Neighborhood-Based Initiative To Address Poverty: Lessons From Experience, Robert Halpern

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The neighborhood has long been an important locus for efforts to address the causes and consequences of poverty in American society. Over the course of the past century neighborhood- based initiatives have been called on to reduce class conflict, counter feelings of alienation, localize control of social institutions, create jobs and reverse neighborhood economic decline, improve human services, and address a variety of specific poverty-related problems, ranging from infant mortality to juvenile delinquency. In this essay I draw on the historical experience with neighborhood initiative to illuminate its strengths and limitations as a strategy for addressing poverty and its correlates. …

Juvenile Delinquency And The Transition To Monopoly Capitalism, Kevin I. Minor

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper identifies three macrosociological forces (i.e., the social position of youth, private market relations, and poverty and inequality) that are crucial for understanding delinquency and analyzes how these forces evolved together as part of the historical transformation in the United States to monopoly capitalism. The thesis is that these forces have contributed to delinquency by acting collectively to decrease the capacity of social institutions to maintain informal social control. Implications for policy are also considered.