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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Demystifying School Resource Officers: A Case Study, Alexis Sliva Jan 2021

Demystifying School Resource Officers: A Case Study, Alexis Sliva

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, there has been a dramatic spike in student arrests for behaviors that previously fell under the auspices of suspensions, expulsions, or family consultations. Black and Latinx students receive discipline and law enforcement referrals at superfluous levels compared to White peers. Additionally, the disproportionate and aggressive referral of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) students for disciplinary action are often for infractions that are considered less severe than the actions of their White counterparts. Punitive discipline advances school-based pathways to the juvenile justice system (SPJJ), formerly known as the school to prison pipeline (STPP). School psychologists are …

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A Grounded Theory Inquiry Into The Pedagogical Socialization Of Graduate Students Within Graduate Quantitative Methods Courses, Amanda Kay Thomas Jan 2021

A Grounded Theory Inquiry Into The Pedagogical Socialization Of Graduate Students Within Graduate Quantitative Methods Courses, Amanda Kay Thomas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Quantitative methods are one of the most highly technical fields of study within social sciences graduate programs. Although classroom pedagogy is an important factor connected to student success within graduate quantitative methods courses little is known on the pedagogical socialization experiences of masters and doctoral students. The purpose of this grounded theory inquiry was to discover graduate students perspectives on their pedagogical socialization experiences and the norms, values and role expectations transmitted during the teaching and learning of quantitative methods. Narrative data was collected from in-depth interviews among a theoretical sample of 31 masters and doctoral students enrolled in introductory, …

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Operationalizing A New Method For Defining And Scaling Social Innovations Using Tiny Home Communities As A Case Study, Jennifer H. Wilson Jan 2021

Operationalizing A New Method For Defining And Scaling Social Innovations Using Tiny Home Communities As A Case Study, Jennifer H. Wilson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Social innovations are new approaches to addressing unmet need. In an increasingly globalized and interconnected world, social innovations propagate rapidly in response to the dynamic conditions of our modern world. An example of an emergent social innovation, tiny home communities are gaining traction as a more economically, socially, and environmentally favorable response to homelessness and inadequacies in the current shelter and housing system. The use of tiny homes communities (that is, intentional clusters of small-scale structures) as an innovative response to homelessness is relatively new. As such, there is limited empirical evidence on the topic. Lack of research and defined …

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The Effect Of Deontic Anger On Political Attitudes Toward Immigration And Redistribution, Nichole Gligor Jan 2021

The Effect Of Deontic Anger On Political Attitudes Toward Immigration And Redistribution, Nichole Gligor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Findings in political science suggest that negative emotions play a significant role in our understanding of 1) which factors affect our political attitudes (e.g. Brader 2006) and 2) which factors motivate our political behavior (e.g. Lamprianou and Ellinas 2019; Miller 2011). Further, anger has been established as a negative emotion that significantly affects both political attitudes (e.g. Brader 2006) and political behavior (e.g. Lamprianou and Ellinas 2019; Miller 2011). However, there is evidence to suggest that we are motivated differently by three established types of anger (i.e. personal, empathic, and deontic) (Batson et al. 2007), and so each type of …

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Predictors Of Faculty Retention And Turnover Intent In State System Institutions: An Institution's Work Environment (Organizational Structure) Impacts On Faculty Gender Composition And Intention To Leave Or Stay, Joyce Eduful Jan 2021

Predictors Of Faculty Retention And Turnover Intent In State System Institutions: An Institution's Work Environment (Organizational Structure) Impacts On Faculty Gender Composition And Intention To Leave Or Stay, Joyce Eduful

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Retaining high-quality and competent faculty members requires academic institutions authorities to understand the institutional factors that determine faculty retention and turnover intent to help implement sound policies and practices to maintain these faculty members in academia. This research examined the institutional work dimensions related to faculty job satisfaction and intention to leave or stay, particularly in state system institutions. Survey data were garnered as part of the National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE PLAN-IHE grant project and were administered through various institutions' representatives of the NSF ADVANCE PLAN-IHE grant program and were commissioned to work with their provosts to distribute the …

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A Study Of Geographic Information System-Based Watershed Processing For Hydrologic Analysis Of Ungauged Watersheds, Philip Adanbe Adalikwu Jan 2021

A Study Of Geographic Information System-Based Watershed Processing For Hydrologic Analysis Of Ungauged Watersheds, Philip Adanbe Adalikwu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The increasing application of geographic information system (GIS) technology in watershed modeling makes is necessary to further evaluate its impacts on runoff characteristics as a basis for improved hydrologic analysis in ungauged watersheds. Experts in the field of water resources and hydrology have recommended the practice of subdivision when modeling a watershed, and the use of observed data from hydrologically similar watershed to calibrate and validate an ungauged watershed’s model. However, previous studies have failed to adequately address the issues of watershed heterogeneity, spatial and temporal variability in physical parameters, GIS data resolution issues, including artifacts in automated extraction of …

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A Joint Estimation Of Pheasant Hunting Parameters, Rama Khadka Jan 2021

A Joint Estimation Of Pheasant Hunting Parameters, Rama Khadka

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The decreasing pheasant population from 2008 to 2019 across South Dakota is a concern as it may lead to decreased hunting activity and consequently reduced economic activity. Past studies have shown that changes in the landscape (e.g., from changing agricultural practices) is a major factor responsible for decreasing the bird population. However, these studies lack a clear understanding of how the fluctuating crop mixes impact the pheasant population together with harvest volume. The goal of this study was to analyze the pheasant population and the quantity of harvested birds during 2008 to 2019 in South Dakota to understand how variations …

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Extended Pseudo Invariant Calibration Site-Based Trend-To-Trend Cross-Calibration Of Optical Satellite Sensors, Prathana Khakurel Jan 2021

Extended Pseudo Invariant Calibration Site-Based Trend-To-Trend Cross-Calibration Of Optical Satellite Sensors, Prathana Khakurel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Satellite sensors have been extremely useful and are in massive demand in the understanding of the Earth’s surface and monitoring of changes. For quantitative analysis and acquiring consistent measurements, absolute radiometric calibration is necessary. The most common vicarious approach of radiometric calibration is cross-calibration, which helps to tie all the sensors to a common radiometric scale for consistent measurement. One of the traditional methods of cross-calibration is performed using temporally and spectrally stable pseudo-invariant calibration sites (PICS). This technique is limited by adequate cloud-free acquisitions for cross-calibration which would require a longer time to study the differences in sensor measurements. …

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Interrogating The Socio-Ethical Dilemmas Of Precision Agriculture Technologies, Ayorinde Ogunyiola Jan 2021

Interrogating The Socio-Ethical Dilemmas Of Precision Agriculture Technologies, Ayorinde Ogunyiola

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Farming has moved into a digital age where data and information are available to farmers to make informed agronomic and financial on-farm decisions. The development of precision agriculture (PA), such as big data technologies and machine learning algorithms is transforming the agricultural food production system in diverse ways, economically, environmentally, and socially. Despite benefits afforded by PA to agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability, these technologies can raise unintended societal challenges that can also limit their adoption among farmers. PA is changing how farming is done, reconstructing farmers’ social identities, and influencing relationships between farmers, agronomists, and technology developers. This dissertation …

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Detection Of Change Points In Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites Time Series Using Multi-Sensor Satellite Imagery, Neha Khadka Jan 2021

Detection Of Change Points In Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites Time Series Using Multi-Sensor Satellite Imagery, Neha Khadka

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The remote sensing community has extensively used Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) to monitor the long-term in-flight radiometric calibration of Earth-observing satellites. The use of the PICS has an underlying assumption that these sites are invariant over time. However, the site’s temporal stability has not been assured in the past. This work evaluates the temporal stability of PICS by not only detecting the trend but also locating significant shifts (change points) lying behind the time series. A single time series was formed using the virtual constellation approach in which multiple sensors data were combined for each site to achieve denser temporal …

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Encroachment: College Athletes’ Experiences With Identity Development As Affected By Media Representations Of Social Justice Demonstrations, Madison Remi Vanwalleghen Jan 2021

Encroachment: College Athletes’ Experiences With Identity Development As Affected By Media Representations Of Social Justice Demonstrations, Madison Remi Vanwalleghen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was conducted to understand how communication and identity are experienced by Black university athletes in asking about their experiences and how they gauge mainstream media portrayals of Black NFL athletes making verbal or physical statements about or in protest of social injustice, racism, and inequality in America. I interviewed five university athletes identifying as Black/African American or Mixed- Race using media representations of Black NFL athletes’ protests since the NFL has dominated mainstream media headlines regarding recent athletes’ protests, especially in connection to the Black Lives Matter social movement. I also used several theories to interpret the data …

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Exploring The Determinants Of Aspects Of Rotational Grazing In The U.S. Great Plains, Iftekhar Uddin Ahmed Chowdhury Jan 2021

Exploring The Determinants Of Aspects Of Rotational Grazing In The U.S. Great Plains, Iftekhar Uddin Ahmed Chowdhury

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pasture and rangeland make up about 45 percent of the agricultural land in the U.S. Great Plains and one of the most common form of mismanagement of this pasture is overgrazing. Which results in many detrimental effects on environment. Many practitioners endorsed Rotational grazing (RG) as an improved grazing management practice over season-long continuous grazing. The overall goal of the current study is to assess the certain aspects of using RG in the U.S. Great Plains. Using mail survey data of the of 874 beef cattle producers of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas, the study found that neighborhood practice, …

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Are Us Government Foreign Aid Flows And Fdi Flows Intertemporally Related? An Investigation Of Twenty-Three Countries In Sub-Saharan Africa, Ravi Kumar Datt Panchagnula Jan 2021

Are Us Government Foreign Aid Flows And Fdi Flows Intertemporally Related? An Investigation Of Twenty-Three Countries In Sub-Saharan Africa, Ravi Kumar Datt Panchagnula

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, I test my central hypothesis that United States government foreign aid flows and FDI flows from anywhere in the world to Sub-Saharan Africa are intertemporally related; thus, I test to what extent FDI flows follow—and, thus, are caused by—aid flows or to what extent aid flows follow—and, thus, are caused by—FDI flows. My panel dataset includes twenty-three Sub-Saharan countries and spans 1991 to 2018. Based on the results of pooled-OLS and panel fixed-effects regressions, and panel Granger causality tests, I show that aid and FDI are intertemporally related. Additionally, Granger-causality is bidirectional: FDI Granger-causes United States government …

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U.S. Consumers' Acceptance And Willingness To Pay For Genetically Modified And Genome-Edited Foods, Bindu Paudel Jan 2021

U.S. Consumers' Acceptance And Willingness To Pay For Genetically Modified And Genome-Edited Foods, Bindu Paudel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Even though genetically modified (GM) crops have a lot of economic potential for producers and consumers, they have not been widely accepted due to increasing concerns related to food safety, human, animal, and environmental health. Unlike GM technology, genome-editing technology does not involve the transfer of genetic materials. It is simpler, cheaper, more precise, and faster relative to GM technology and has immense potential for incorporating producer and consumer traits. Genome-editing technology, as a novel process, not has been explored much from the consumer’s side. This study uses a nationally representative survey of 1,573 U.S. consumers to examine their acceptance …

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Serving Motherhood: Analyzing The Balance And Justice Of Foodwork In The Lives Of Working Moms, Kaitlyn Paige Hall Jan 2021

Serving Motherhood: Analyzing The Balance And Justice Of Foodwork In The Lives Of Working Moms, Kaitlyn Paige Hall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis focuses on the foodwork that working mothers do at work and at home in order to support and provide for their families. It explores how women in low-paid food service jobs talk about and manage the work of feeding their families at home and customers at work in order to better understand the gender dynamics of this work and the conditions necessary to achieve “work-family justice”—structural solutions to work/family conflict. The study is based on qualitative semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 12 mothers who are between the ages of 24 and 43 from Mississippi and Arkansas. While some held …

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Revitalization In The Alabama Black Belt: Cultivation Of A New Civic Hegemony In Rural Main Street America, Martha Grace Lowry Mize Jan 2021

Revitalization In The Alabama Black Belt: Cultivation Of A New Civic Hegemony In Rural Main Street America, Martha Grace Lowry Mize

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One Alabama Black Belt community has sought to re-imagine itself as a future affluent space for new families, tourists, and diasporic communities—despite regional challenges—by supplanting traditional discourses and centering a new civic hegemony within local revitalization efforts. This research and thesis draws upon qualitative ethnographic methods: participant observation and interviews conducted in Marion, Alabama. Located in Perry County, Marion has approximately 3,000 inhabitants, the majority of whom are African-American. Marion was designated as a Main Street Community (June 2017) and began a series of revitalization initiatives to increase community pride and project confidence about future growth. The National Main Street …

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Estimating The Impacts Of Acculturation On The Health Of Immigrants In The United States, Tingting He Jan 2021

Estimating The Impacts Of Acculturation On The Health Of Immigrants In The United States, Tingting He

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The growth in the immigration population in the U.S. has transformed American demographic profile and has led to magnification in health disparities in the United States. The main purpose of this dissertation is to examine the relationship between acculturation and health behavior, mental health outcomes, and access to health care service among immigrants in the U.S. Relying on the acculturation framework, the dissertation intends to increase the understanding of health disparities and health patterns among immigrants. The dissertation utilizes the secondary data from National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data to examine the effects of acculturation on health of immigrants. Measures …

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Broccoli Over Brownies: Factors Affecting Healthy Food Choices For Low Income Residents Of Sioux Falls, South Dakota, Aileen Patricia Profir Jan 2021

Broccoli Over Brownies: Factors Affecting Healthy Food Choices For Low Income Residents Of Sioux Falls, South Dakota, Aileen Patricia Profir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The world is on the cusp of a nutritional crisis: malnutrition, in all its forms, now directly affects one in three persons on the planet. Chronic malnutrition is closely associated with a wide range of public health issues such as stunted growth, increased incidence of disease, school or work absences, and obesity. Access to proper nourishment for food insecure individuals is often evaluated as a measure of distance to market, yet a causal relationship between proximity to food resources and improved health outcomes is unclear. Multiple dimensions of food access influence fruit and vegetable consumption for those who are food …

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Food Insecurity And Affordable Housing, Domelaar A. A. Ouattara Jan 2021

Food Insecurity And Affordable Housing, Domelaar A. A. Ouattara

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Food insecurity in household with children in the US is about 13.6 percent. Food insecurity among households with children headed by a single woman is 28.7 percent and among households with incomes below 185 percent of the poverty threshold (the Federal poverty line was $25,926 for a family of four in 2019) is 27.6 percent (USDA, 2019). This research is about the effect of affordable housing on food security in the United States. The data include observations on 50 states and Washington, D.C., from 2004 to 2017 resulting in a total sample of 714 observations. The research used the 50th …

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Impacts Of Zero-Commission Trading On Stock Market Liquidity, Jie Hu Jan 2021

Impacts Of Zero-Commission Trading On Stock Market Liquidity, Jie Hu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the elimination of commission fees of retail brokers, zero-commission trading became the new normal after October 2019. This study employs DTAQ data to calculate ten different market liquidity measures and finds that the implementation of zero-commission trading significantly improves market liquidity. This effect is also significant after related factors including trading volume, price volatility, market performance, opening effect, and closing effect are controlled. By explicitly modeling the simultaneity nature among market liquidity measures, trading volume, and price volatility, this study finds that there is a positive relationship between spread and price volatility. The implementation of zero-commission trading decreases price …

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Quantifying The Benefits Of The Expanded Food And Nutrition Education Program (Efnep) Using Biomarkers For Chronic Disease Risk, Richard Acquah-Sarpong Jan 2021

Quantifying The Benefits Of The Expanded Food And Nutrition Education Program (Efnep) Using Biomarkers For Chronic Disease Risk, Richard Acquah-Sarpong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) is among the major nutrition education programs funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) with the aim of reducing food insecurity among low-income families. The program reaches about 70,000 adults and youth of low-income families in the US, District of Columbia, and six U.S. territories. Prior studies have used self-reported data, which possesses measurement errors, to estimate the benefits of the program. This can lead to underestimation or overestimation of results. To address this limitation, I use clinically measured objective biomarkers, such as body mass index (BMI), blood sugar level …

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Classification And Evaluation Of Extended Pics (Epics) On A Global Scale For Calibration And Stability Monitoring Of Optical Satellite Sensors, Juliana Maria Fajardo Rueda Jan 2021

Classification And Evaluation Of Extended Pics (Epics) On A Global Scale For Calibration And Stability Monitoring Of Optical Satellite Sensors, Juliana Maria Fajardo Rueda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As targets for the calibration and monitoring of optical satellite sensors, historically stable areas across North Africa have been used, known as Pseudo Invariant Calibration Sites PICS. However, two major drawbacks exist for these sites; first is the dependency on a single location to be always invariant, and second is the limited amount of observation achieved using these sites. As a result, longer time periods are needed to construct a dense data set to assess the radiometric performance of on-orbit optical sensors, and be convinced that the change detected is sensor-specific rather than site-specific. This work presents a global land …

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Using New And Long-Term Multi-Scale Remotely Sensed Data To Detect Recurrent Fires And Quantify Their Relationship To Land Cover/Use In Indonesian Peatlands, Yenni Vetrita Jan 2021

Using New And Long-Term Multi-Scale Remotely Sensed Data To Detect Recurrent Fires And Quantify Their Relationship To Land Cover/Use In Indonesian Peatlands, Yenni Vetrita

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Indonesia has committed to reducing its greenhouse gases emissions by 29% (potentially up to 41% with international assistance) by 2030. Achieving those targets requires many efforts but, in particular, controlling the fire problem in Indonesia’s peatlands is paramount, since it is unlikely to diminish on its own in the coming decades. This study was conducted in Sumatra and Kalimantan peatlands in Indonesia. Four MODIS-derived products (MCD45A1 collection 5.1, MCD64A1 (collection 5.1 and 6), FireCCI51) were initially assessed to explore long-term fire frequency and land use/cover change relationships. The results indicated the product(s) could only detect half of the fires accurately. …

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Use And Improvement Of Remote Sensing And Geospatial Technologies In Support Of Crop Area And Yield Estimations In The West African Sahel, Kaboro Samasse Jan 2021

Use And Improvement Of Remote Sensing And Geospatial Technologies In Support Of Crop Area And Yield Estimations In The West African Sahel, Kaboro Samasse

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In arid and semi-arid West Africa, agricultural production and regional food security depend largely on small-scale subsistence farming and rainfed crops, both of which are vulnerable to climate variability and drought. Efforts made to improve crop monitoring and our ability to estimate crop production (areas planted and yield estimations by crop type) in the major agricultural zones of the region are critical paths for minimizing climate risks and to support food security planning. The main objective of this dissertation research was to contribute to these efforts using remote sensing technologies. In this regard, the first analysis documented the low reliability …

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Go Talk To Your Employee: A Sequential Mediation Analysis Of Leader Communication Frequency And Employee Turnover Intent, Max Weaver Jan 2021

Go Talk To Your Employee: A Sequential Mediation Analysis Of Leader Communication Frequency And Employee Turnover Intent, Max Weaver

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Employee turnover has significant negative costs to healthcare organizations. While leadership communication styles and quality have been empirically supported to reduce turnover intentions, our understanding of specific modalities of leader intervention is not well understood. This paper sought to understand how the specific act of communication frequency reduces turnover. Through the lens of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and role dynamic theories, mediating effects of LMX quality and job satisfaction were investigated to further understand this proposed relationship in a sample of healthcare workers in the Midwest/US. Results indicate that communication frequency was negatively related to turnover intent. Furthermore, while LMX and …

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What Am I?": Navigating Running Identity During Covid-19, Joshua Yeager Jan 2021

What Am I?": Navigating Running Identity During Covid-19, Joshua Yeager

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis attempted to answer how collegiate student-athlete runners navigated their running identity through the COVID-19 pandemic. This international health crisis served as an identity threat to the participants in this study as it cancelled outdoor track and field season in the spring of 2020. The main goal was to investigate how student-athlete runners navigated their athletic identity during COVID-19 and the social and psychological costs associated with said navigation. Utilizing in-depth semi-structured interviews, I collected data from five male and five female collegiate distance runners, from the same university. With grounded theory approach and identity theory as a theoretical …

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Quantifying The Impacts Of Land Use, Management And Climate Change On Water Resources In Missouri River Basin, Arun Bawa Jan 2021

Quantifying The Impacts Of Land Use, Management And Climate Change On Water Resources In Missouri River Basin, Arun Bawa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A location-specific evaluation of hydrological landscape responses concerning past and projected climate and land use land cover (LULC) changes can provide a powerful intellectual basis for developing efficient and profitable agroecosystems, and overcoming uncertain and detrimental consequences of LULC and climate shifts. This dissertation assessed the impacts of land use, management, and climate change on water resources in the Missouri River Basin (MRB) through four specific studies that included: (i) to study the responses of leached nutrient concentrations and soil health to winter rye cover crop (CC) under no-till corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation, (ii) to …

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Improved Biochar Based Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers For Sustainable Corn Production, Robiul Islam Rubel Jan 2021

Improved Biochar Based Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers For Sustainable Corn Production, Robiul Islam Rubel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an essential factor to increase crop yield. When conventional nitrogen fertilizer (e.g. Urea, Ammonium Sulphate, etc.) is applied in the field, generally over 50% of the N of these fertilizers may lose into the air due to vaporization, or run-off and leaching in rivers and lakes. The N losses lead to not only low NUE but also serious environmental problems. The consequence of N losses results in insufficient N available to meet the demand of crop growth at the growing stages. Lack of sufficient N for crop growth puts a threat of nutrient deficiency and …

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Components Of War: How Combat Shapes Political Behavior, Travis W. Endicott Jan 2021

Components Of War: How Combat Shapes Political Behavior, Travis W. Endicott

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

After military service is over, veterans are left to try to acclimate to their new lives. They take the lessons learned through their military career and they apply it to their daily life. One area of veteran life that remains understudied is the way that military service, combat experience specifically, alters political attitudes and behavior. The main focus of this dissertation is to understand the way that military combat alters political attitudes among military veterans. Instead of analyzing military veterans as one homogenous group, I separate veterans by combat experience. Building from the military psychology literature on combat trauma, I …

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Essays On Female Labor Supply, Hyerim Park Jan 2021

Essays On Female Labor Supply, Hyerim Park

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The first chapter examines how women's local labor supply decisions affect the national gender wage gap. The national wage is the sum of weighted local wages, which combines local wages and local employment weights. Here, I emphasize the role of local employment weights, especially for women, which can reflect worker's labor supply decisions across locations. I show that, only for highly-educated women, there is a significant negative relationship between employment-to-population ratio and average log wage across locations. This relationship is stronger for married women with children. Since fewer highly-educated women are working in high-wage cities while more highly-educated women are …

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