Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Wright State University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 1051 - 1080 of 5800

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Influence Of Flow On Standard And Adaptive Performance In Teams, Jennifer N. Baumgartner Jan 2015

The Influence Of Flow On Standard And Adaptive Performance In Teams, Jennifer N. Baumgartner

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine flow as it relates to different types of performance in teams. Participants (N = 165) in teams of five engaged in an airport simulation that included an unforeseen change during the second session. Flow was expected to be positively correlated with standard and adaptive performance and predict performance along with cognitive ability and personality. Positive affect was expected to mediate the relationship between flow and performance. Flow was positively correlated with the number of aircraft departed under standard conditions, negatively correlated with aircraft departed under adaptive conditions, and positively correlated with subjective …


A Study Of Exercise: Intentions And Behavior, Michael Raymond Hoepf Jan 2015

A Study Of Exercise: Intentions And Behavior, Michael Raymond Hoepf

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Health concerns associated with obesity are becoming an increasingly large societal problem. Engaging in physical exercise is one effective way to combat obesity, but most people do not exercise enough to derive significant health benefits. In order to increase participation in exercise activities, it is first necessary to have a good understanding of why people are not exercising. The current research builds on prior research by investigating the proposition that conflict from work, family, and school roles can reduce time spent exercising. To accomplish this goal, I created exercise conflict scales by taking existing items from the work-family conflict literature …


Why The Rise In Drones, Sean David Duffy Jan 2015

Why The Rise In Drones, Sean David Duffy

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

What are the reasons for the increasing number of drone strikes between 2002 and 2012 by the United States? This study examines the various aspects of the United States government which led to this increase in the number of strikes. Specifically, this study examines the military capabilities, the military leadership bureaucracy and presidential aspects of drone use. Through the division of this time period into three sections, this study seeks to find explain the events which led to the increase in the use of drones by the United States. This study concludes with a discussion on what the future may …


Bridging The Gap: Exploring The Need For Better System Representations In Higher Education, Corinne P. Wright Jan 2015

Bridging The Gap: Exploring The Need For Better System Representations In Higher Education, Corinne P. Wright

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Higher education constitutes a sociotechnical system. Some students enter with cultural experiences that support the new endeavor whereas others are woefully under-supported. Student preparedness often is tightly coupled with student background. Some ethnic minorities and students from impoverished backgrounds enter the university setting with a high risk of not persisting or completing their higher education pursuits (e.g., Kuh, Kinzie, Bridges, & Hayek, 2007). Traditional conceptualizations of risk identify immutable factors, such as SES, with little opportunity for immediate mitigation. Traditional interventions to mitigate risk include either fitting the student to the system (e.g., Tinto, 1993) or fitting the system to …


Self-Determination In The People's Republic Of China: Elite Responses, 1949-2012, Hanna M. Tarbert Jan 2015

Self-Determination In The People's Republic Of China: Elite Responses, 1949-2012, Hanna M. Tarbert

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This work addresses the historical response of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to perceived irredentist threats in its contested territories. This is assessed through a comparative case analysis. The four cases are Taiwan, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet. The response of the first four generations of CCP leaders: Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, are analyzed through a framework that evaluates domestic and international priorities, domestic self-determination sentiment, strength of domestic self-determination movements, and the status of self-determination. The findings of this framework are used to project the response of current CCP leader and President of the …


Detecting Structure In Activity Sequences: Exploring The Hot Hand Phenomenon, Taleri Lynn Hammack Jan 2015

Detecting Structure In Activity Sequences: Exploring The Hot Hand Phenomenon, Taleri Lynn Hammack

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Can humans discriminate whether strings of events (e.g., shooting success in basketball) were generated by a random or constrained process (e.g., hot and cold streaks)? Conventional wisdom suggests that humans are not good at this discrimination. Following from Cooper, Hammack, Lemasters, and Flach (2014), a series of Monte Carlo simulations and an empirical experiment examined the abilities of both humans and statistical tests (Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test and 1/f) to detect specific constraints that are representative of plausible factors that might influence the performance of athletes (e.g., learning, non-stationary task constraints). Using a performance/success dependent learning constraint that was calibrated to …


Free To Hate Freedom And The Survival Of Liberalized States Confronting The Emergence Of Political Islam; Effective State Solutions To The Rise Of Islamic Political Violence In Democratic Societies, Lauren R. Bowen Jan 2015

Free To Hate Freedom And The Survival Of Liberalized States Confronting The Emergence Of Political Islam; Effective State Solutions To The Rise Of Islamic Political Violence In Democratic Societies, Lauren R. Bowen

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The following research addresses the susceptibility of liberalized nations to encounter Islamic political violence associated with the behaviors they direct toward Islamic minorities. Democratic values, theoretically, weaken the ability of free regimes to defend against the emergence of Islamic extremism and terrorism. Experiences with these phenomena are, however, specific to multicultural or assimilationist democratic states that esteem civil liberties and individual freedom. This study presents diverse data sets to understand the interaction of state behaviors shaped by the adoption of multiculturalism or assimilationist polices concerning Islamic minorities and violent outcomes. The findings suggest that state behaviors affecting Islamic populations are …


Understanding Paths Toward Strategic Success In Nvr Campaigns: A Comparison Of Palestinian And South African Resistance, Archibald A. Grieve Jan 2015

Understanding Paths Toward Strategic Success In Nvr Campaigns: A Comparison Of Palestinian And South African Resistance, Archibald A. Grieve

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The following paper fills a gap in the literature of nonviolent resistance (NVR) by investigating when and under what circumstances it is necessary for nonviolent resistance campaigns to enlist the support of outside actors in order to achieve strategic success. Using Gene Sharp's pillars of power theory as a comparative framework, the author pairs the method of process-tracing with a most-similar-systems design in order to fashion a time-series experiment measuring the strength of each pillar of power propping up the target regimes of South Africa and Israel. The results reveal that these variables are interacting. The paper also reveals that …


Testing In Adoption Evaluations: Selections And Usage Determined From Surveying Psychologists, Erin Marie Sylvester Nichting Jan 2015

Testing In Adoption Evaluations: Selections And Usage Determined From Surveying Psychologists, Erin Marie Sylvester Nichting

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A significant amount of children are adopted each year both within the United States and internationally. In fact, the United States Department of State reported that 242,602 international adoptions had taken place from 1999 to 2012 and also indicated that in 2012 alone, 52,035 children had been adopted domestically. However, research is lacking in many areas of the adoption process. One such area includes an absence of knowledge in regards to adoption evaluations, even though they may be required for both prospective parents and adoptive children during the adoption process. Another area includes how psychological instruments are incorporated into these …


The Effectiveness Of "The Tunnel Of Oppression": An Exposure Approach To Increasing Awareness Of Oppression Among Freshman Students At Wright State University, Jennifer B. Stoyell Jan 2015

The Effectiveness Of "The Tunnel Of Oppression": An Exposure Approach To Increasing Awareness Of Oppression Among Freshman Students At Wright State University, Jennifer B. Stoyell

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

While diversity-training programs have gained popularity in the US, limited research has been done to establish the effectiveness of these programs in increasing awareness of oppression. The present study explored the effectiveness of the Tunnel of Oppression in increasing awareness of oppression among freshman students at Wright State University. Participants (N= 1736) were given a survey before and after participating in the Tunnel where they rated their awareness of levels of oppression for nine different oppressed groups. Data for this survey was analyzed employing descriptive and non-parametric statistics to determine significance in change of scores (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum) …


The Predictive Power Of Non-Pathological Psychological Variables In Weight Loss Surgery, Tiffany Milligan Jan 2015

The Predictive Power Of Non-Pathological Psychological Variables In Weight Loss Surgery, Tiffany Milligan

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

According to the World Health Organization and National Institutes of Health, obesity is a global health problem. Worldwide, obesity is the fifth-leading cause of death. Weight loss surgeries such as gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and gastric bypass surgery have become increasingly popular methods to manage intractable obesity in the United States. Such surgeries have inherent risks, both medical and psychosocial, and as a result, candidates for weight loss surgery routinely undergo pre-surgical evaluations to determine their suitability for weight loss procedures. The current study was done in partnership with Kettering Bariatrics in Kettering, Ohio, and is an analysis of the …


Cognitive Analysis Of Multi-Sensor Information, Elizabeth Lynn Fox Jan 2015

Cognitive Analysis Of Multi-Sensor Information, Elizabeth Lynn Fox

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Multispectral imagery can supply an observer with different components of information to, in combination, lead to critical decisions. Human observers can be presented with two fusion techniques: 1) cognitive fusion presents the two sensor images within 5 degrees of visual angle and 2) algorithmic fusion aims to enhance image quality by combining relevant information from two individual sensor images into one composite image. Researchers have used methods such as comparing performance across different algorithms or comparing algorithmic fusion to a single-sensor image. However, cognitive fusion is a technique that provides all of the sensor information and, if utilized efficiently, may …


Once Careless, Always Careless? Temporal And Situational Stability Of Insufficient Effort Responding (Ier), Kelly Ann Camus Jan 2015

Once Careless, Always Careless? Temporal And Situational Stability Of Insufficient Effort Responding (Ier), Kelly Ann Camus

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In the current paper, I examined insufficient effort responding (IER) as a substantive construct rather than as a methodological nuisance as other researchers have done. Specifically, I focused on the relationship between personality traits and IER and the temporal and situational stability of IER. I hypothesized that agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion would be negatively associated with IER and that neuroticism would be positively related to IER. Also, I predicted that the extent to which a given participant engages in IER would be relatively stable across time and across tasks. The current sample (N = 288) consisted of students from …


A Fight For Equity: School Desegregation, Public High Schools, And Why African-American Males Have Lower Academic Achievement, Tanisha S. Pruitt Jan 2015

A Fight For Equity: School Desegregation, Public High Schools, And Why African-American Males Have Lower Academic Achievement, Tanisha S. Pruitt

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis is to examine the lowered academic achievement of African- American males since the Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka Kansas court decision that ruled in favor of school desegregation. The research shows that school desegregation was intended to allow African Americans educational equity with their White counterparts. Since Brown v. Board, there has been increased academic achievement for African-American females and lowered achievement among males. Predictions were made that poverty and low motivation affect academic achievement for African-American males. Regression analyses yielded results showing poverty and motivation were statistically significant; however, neither of the variables …


Not All Forms Of Misbehavior Are Created Equal: Perpetrator Personality And Differential Relationships With Cwbs, Caleb Braxton Bragg Jan 2015

Not All Forms Of Misbehavior Are Created Equal: Perpetrator Personality And Differential Relationships With Cwbs, Caleb Braxton Bragg

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Most research has lumped counterproductive work behaviors into a single or a few categories. The present study, however, used dominance analysis to examine whether aggression, industriousness, dishonesty and self-control had differential predictive relationships with the Gruys and Sacket (2003) 11-Factor CWB model. I hypothesized that various CWBs would be differentially predicted by various personality traits, and that those predictive relationships would be moderated by self-control. The results indicated all CWBs are not created equal and should not be lumped into a single all-inclusive category. Counterproductive work behaviors are multidimensional, with unique predictors and covariates, and are best understood and predicted …


Chat Communication In A Command And Control Environment: How Does It Help?, April M. Courtice Jan 2015

Chat Communication In A Command And Control Environment: How Does It Help?, April M. Courtice

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Military command and control (C2) teams are often faced with difficult, complex, and distributed operations amidst the fog and friction of war. To deal with this uncertainty, teams rely on clear and effective communication to coordinate their actions; two current conduits for communication in distributed military teams include voice and chat. Chat communication is regarded by many in the C2 world as the premier method of communicating with the power to lessen some of the traffic and disturbances of current voice communication, and its usage continues to exponentially increase. Despite this operational view, countless laboratory studies have demonstrated detrimental effects …


The Effects Of Rater Characteristics On Validity Coefficients, Kathleen Michele Van Bremen Jan 2015

The Effects Of Rater Characteristics On Validity Coefficients, Kathleen Michele Van Bremen

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Researchers and practitioners look to validity coefficients as indicators of the relationship between predictors and a measure of performance, typically as rated by a supervisor. Previous research suggests that subjective ratings of performance are problematic as they contain variance unrelated to subordinate performance. Though previous research suggested variance in supervisor ratings was random and unsystematic, recent literature suggests distortions may be deliberate and goal-directed. A potential implication of systematic variance in job performance ratings is a possible effect on validity coefficients. In the present study, I used multilevel modeling to determine if supervisor level characteristics influence the average ratings as …


The Guardian, December 3, 2014, Wright State University Student Body Dec 2014

The Guardian, December 3, 2014, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Twelve page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.


The Guardian, November 19, 2014, Wright State University Student Body Nov 2014

The Guardian, November 19, 2014, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Twelve page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.


Anonymized Video Analysis Methods And Systems, Marjorie Skubic, James M. Keller, Fang Wang, Derek T. Anderson, Erik Stone, Robert H. Luke Iii, Tanvi Banerjee, Marilyn J. Rantz Nov 2014

Anonymized Video Analysis Methods And Systems, Marjorie Skubic, James M. Keller, Fang Wang, Derek T. Anderson, Erik Stone, Robert H. Luke Iii, Tanvi Banerjee, Marilyn J. Rantz

Kno.e.sis Publications

Methods and systems for anonymized video analysis are described. In one embodiment, a first silhouette image of a person in a living unit may be accessed. The first silhouette image may be based on a first video signal recorded by a first video camera. A second silhouette image of the person in the living unit may be accessed. The second silhouette image may be of a different view of the person than the first silhouette image. The second silhouette image may be based on a second video signal recorded by a second video camera. A three-dimensional model of the person …


Poisoning Death Review Summary Report, November 18, 2014, Center For Interventions, Treatment & Addictions Research Nov 2014

Poisoning Death Review Summary Report, November 18, 2014, Center For Interventions, Treatment & Addictions Research

Unintentional Prescription Drug Poisoning Project

No abstract provided.


Protecting Web Servers From Web Robot Traffic, Derek Doran Nov 2014

Protecting Web Servers From Web Robot Traffic, Derek Doran

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.


The Guardian, November 12, 2014, Wright State University Student Body Nov 2014

The Guardian, November 12, 2014, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Twelve page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.


Triad-Based Role Discovery For Large Social Systems, Derek Doran Nov 2014

Triad-Based Role Discovery For Large Social Systems, Derek Doran

Kno.e.sis Publications

The social role of a participant in a social system conceptualizes the circumstances under which she chooses to interact with others, making their discovery and analysis important for theoretical and practical purposes. In this paper, we propose a methodology to detect such roles by utilizing the conditional triad censuses of ego-networks. These censuses are a promising tool for social role extraction because they capture the degree to which basic social forces push upon a user to interact with others in a system. Clusters of triad censuses, inferred from network samples that preserve local structural properties, define the social roles. The …


Wright State University Men's Basketball Media Guide 2014-2015, Wright State University Athletics Nov 2014

Wright State University Men's Basketball Media Guide 2014-2015, Wright State University Athletics

Athletics Publications

A media guide for Wright State University's 2014-2015 Men's Basketball team. This guide includes photographs, player stats, game results, and records.


The Guardian, November 5, 2014, Wright State University Student Body Nov 2014

The Guardian, November 5, 2014, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Twelve page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.


Right Flier: Newsletter Of The Aaup-Wsu Volume 15, Number 2, 2014-2015, American Association Of University Professors-Wright State University Nov 2014

Right Flier: Newsletter Of The Aaup-Wsu Volume 15, Number 2, 2014-2015, American Association Of University Professors-Wright State University

The Right Flier Newsletter

A four page newsletter created by the Wright State University chapter of the American Association of University Professors. The newsletter features a single article "What’s New in the CBA's: Part 2: Health Care."


Discovering Perceptions In Online Social Media: A Probabilistic Approach, Derek Doran, Swapna S. Gokhale, Aldo Dagnino Nov 2014

Discovering Perceptions In Online Social Media: A Probabilistic Approach, Derek Doran, Swapna S. Gokhale, Aldo Dagnino

Kno.e.sis Publications

People across the world habitually turn to online social media to share their experiences, thoughts, ideas, and opinions as they go about their daily lives. These posts collectively contain a wealth of insights into how masses perceive their surroundings. Therefore, extracting people’s perceptions from social media posts can provide valuable information about pertinent issues such as public transportation, emergency conditions, and even reactions to political actions or other activities. This paper proposes a novel approach to extract such perceptions from a corpus of social media posts originating from a given broad geographical region. The approach divides the broad region into …


Wright State University Women's Basketball Media Guide 2014-2015, Wright State University Athletics Nov 2014

Wright State University Women's Basketball Media Guide 2014-2015, Wright State University Athletics

Athletics Publications

A media guide for Wright State University's 2014-2015 Women's Basketball team. This guide includes photographs, player stats, game results, and records.


Online Information Searching For Cardiovascular Diseases: An Analysis Of Mayo Clinic Search Query Logs, Ashutosh Sopan Jadhav, Amit P. Sheth, Jyotishman Pathak Nov 2014

Online Information Searching For Cardiovascular Diseases: An Analysis Of Mayo Clinic Search Query Logs, Ashutosh Sopan Jadhav, Amit P. Sheth, Jyotishman Pathak

Kno.e.sis Publications

Since the early 2000’s, Internet usage for health information searching has increased significantly. Studying search queries can help us to understand users “information need” and how do they formulate search queries (“expression of information need”). Although cardiovascular diseases (CVD) affect a large percentage of the population, few studies have investigated how and what users search for CVD. We address this knowledge gap in the community by analyzing a large corpus of 10 million CVD related search queries from MayoClinic.com. Using UMLS MetaMap and UMLS semantic types/concepts, we developed a rule-based approach to categorize the queries into 14 health categories. We …