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Articles 3781 - 3810 of 4380

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Social Interactions And The Health Insurance Choices Of The Elderly: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Study, Eldar Beiseitov, Jeffrey D. Kubik, John R. Moran Jun 2004

Social Interactions And The Health Insurance Choices Of The Elderly: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Study, Eldar Beiseitov, Jeffrey D. Kubik, John R. Moran

Economics - All Scholarship

Using data from the 1998 Wave of the Health and Retirement Study, we examine the effect of social interactions on the health insurance choices of the elderly. We find that having more social interactions, as measured by contacts with friends and neighbors, reduces the likelihood of enrolling in a Medicare managed care plan relative to purchasing a medigap policy or having coverage through Medicare alone. Our estimates indicate that social networks are an important determinant of the health insurance choices of the elderly and provide suggestive evidence that "word-of-mouth" information sharing may have played a role in the preference of …

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Bayesian Herders: Optimistic Updating Of Rainfall Beliefs In Response To External Forecasts, Travis J. Lybbert, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Winnie Luseno Jun 2004

Bayesian Herders: Optimistic Updating Of Rainfall Beliefs In Response To External Forecasts, Travis J. Lybbert, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Winnie Luseno

Economics - All Scholarship

Temporal climate risk weighs heavily on many of the world's poor. Model based climate forecasts could benefit such populations, provided recipients use forecast information to update climate expectations. We test whether pastoralists in southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya update their expectations in response to forecast information and find that they indeed do, albeit with a systematic bias towards optimism. In their systematic optimism, these pastoralists are remarkably like Wall Street's financial analysts and stockbrokers. If climate forecasts have limited value to these pastoralists, it is due to the flexibility of their livelihood rather than an inability to process forecast information.

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Ghana's Vanishing Past: Development, Antiquities, And The Destruction Of The Archaeological Record, Benjamin W. Kankpeyeng, Christopher R. Decorse Jun 2004

Ghana's Vanishing Past: Development, Antiquities, And The Destruction Of The Archaeological Record, Benjamin W. Kankpeyeng, Christopher R. Decorse

Anthropology - All Scholarship

Ghana's past is being destroyed at a rapid rate. Although the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board has in some instances successfully intervened to stop the illicit trading of antiquities, the destruction of archaeological sites as a consequence of development over the past two decades has been staggering and the pace is accelerating. The potential of the legislation that established the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board and empowered it to manage and preserve the country's archaeological past has not been realized. The lack of political action, limited relevant public education, insufficient funding, and the poverty of the majority of the Ghanaian …

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Virtual Browsing Via Deeplinked Catalog Searches, Scott A. Warren Jun 2004

Virtual Browsing Via Deeplinked Catalog Searches, Scott A. Warren

Librarian Publications

This project facilitates virtual browsing by means of deeplinked catalog searches based on Library of Congress (LC) subject headings and call numbers. Collocating these searches by discipline in pulldown menus opens up the physical book collection in a seamless online fashion to users lacking LC subject heading knowledge, but possessing subject knowledge. Virtual browsing is important because it may aid awareness of and increased use of print collections in large libraries, especially by researchers who rarely visit the library physically.

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April 2004, Syracuse Department Of Economics Apr 2004

April 2004, Syracuse Department Of Economics

Economics - All Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Habitat Destruction By Collectors Associated With Decreased Abundance Of Rock-Dwelling Lizards, Matthew J. Goode, William C. Horrace, Michael J. Sredl, Jeffrey M. Howland Feb 2004

Habitat Destruction By Collectors Associated With Decreased Abundance Of Rock-Dwelling Lizards, Matthew J. Goode, William C. Horrace, Michael J. Sredl, Jeffrey M. Howland

Economics - All Scholarship

Declines in biodiversity caused by habitat loss have been well documented on large spatial scales, however, effects of habitat loss on small scales have received little attention. Some common methods of reptile collection, primarily for commercial harvest, result in destruction of cracks, crevices, and other cool, moist microhabitats in desert rock outcrops. We developed a method for identifying habitat destruction associated with reptile collecting. We surveyed lightly and heavily disturbed areas near Phoenix, Arizona to determine if microhabitat loss caused by collectors was associated with decreased relative abundance of reptiles. Of four diurnal lizard species studied, relative abundance of two …

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Life-Cycle Consumption And The Age-Adjusted Value Of Life, Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi, James P. Ziliak Feb 2004

Life-Cycle Consumption And The Age-Adjusted Value Of Life, Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi, James P. Ziliak

Economics - All Scholarship

Our research examines empirically the age pattern of the implicit value of life revealed from workers' differential wages and job safety pairings. Although aging reduces the number of years of life expectancy, aging can affect the value of life through an effect on planned life-cycle consumption. The elderly could, a priori, have the highest implicit value of life if there is a life-cycle plan to defer consumption until old age. We find that largely due to the age pattern of consumption, which is non-constant, the implicit value of life rises and falls over the lifetime in a way that the …

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A Framework For Creating A Facetted Classification For Genres: Addressing Issues Of Multidimensionality., Barbara H. Kwasnik, Kevin Crowston Jan 2004

A Framework For Creating A Facetted Classification For Genres: Addressing Issues Of Multidimensionality., Barbara H. Kwasnik, Kevin Crowston

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

People recognize and use document genres as a way of identifying useful information and of participating in mutually understood communicative acts. Crowston and Kwasnik [1] discuss the possibility of improving information access in large digital collections through the identification and use of document genre metadata. They draw on the definition of genre proposed by Orlikowski and Yates [3], who describe genre as “a distinctive type of communicative action, characterized by a socially recognized communicative purpose and common aspects of form” (p. 543). Scholars in fields such as rhetoric and library science have attempted to describe and systematize the notion of …

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Precious Red Coral: Markets And Meanings, Susan J. Torntore Jan 2004

Precious Red Coral: Markets And Meanings, Susan J. Torntore

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Beads and other ornamental items made of precious red coral have been utilized by various cultures worldwide for thousands of years. Depending on its properties and market context, this highly valued material has meant different things to different peoples through time. The current industry—based in Torre del Greco in southern Italy—reflects past traditions but also incorporates new ideas into the production of beads and jewelry for the three principal world markets: fashion, ethnic, and tourist. These reflect the historic trade and use of red coral beads in several West African, European, and American cultural settings. This article describes the Torrese …

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Incised Dentalium Shell Beads In The Plateau Culture Area, Roderick Sprague Jan 2004

Incised Dentalium Shell Beads In The Plateau Culture Area, Roderick Sprague

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

Whole dentalium and segments of dentalium shell have been used as beads in the Northwest Coast and interior Plateau culture areas both prehistorically and ethnographically. Incised whole shells, and no more than five known examples of incised segments, have been recovered from the Plateau, limited to archaeological contexts. A review of the reported incising clearly shows the use of design elements typical of the Plateau Culture Area as often also used on bone, antler, wood, and historic copper in addition to dentalium. The Asotin site (45-AS-9), one of the few well-dated Plateau burial sites with incised beads indicates that this …

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Beads: Journal Of The Society Of Bead Researchers - Volume 16 (Complete) Jan 2004

Beads: Journal Of The Society Of Bead Researchers - Volume 16 (Complete)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

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Bead Making At Murano And Venice, B. Harvey Carroll Jr., Jamey D. Allen Jan 2004

Bead Making At Murano And Venice, B. Harvey Carroll Jr., Jamey D. Allen

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

"Bead Making at Murano and Venice," by B. Harvey Carroll, Jr., is a rare eyewitness account of beadmaking in and around Venice, Italy, towards the end of the First World War and documents the technology of the time as well as what impact the war had on the industry. Carroll's report takes us through the various steps in the production of drawn or tube beads and also provides a historical perspective of the industry. Although the report presents much useful information, we now know much more about most aspects of glass beadmaking and endnotes provide much additional information and clarification.

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Does Fund Size Erode Mutual Fund Performance? The Role Of Liquidity And Organization, Joseph Chen, Harrison G. Hong, Ming Huang, Jeffrey D. Kubik Jan 2004

Does Fund Size Erode Mutual Fund Performance? The Role Of Liquidity And Organization, Joseph Chen, Harrison G. Hong, Ming Huang, Jeffrey D. Kubik

Economics - All Scholarship

We investigate the effect of scale on performance in the active money management industry. We first document that fund returns, both before and after fees and expenses, decline with lagged fund size, even after adjusting these returns by various performance benchmarks. We then explore a number of potential explanations for this relationship. We find that this relationship is most pronounced among funds that have to invest in small and illiquid stocks, which suggests that the adverse effects of scale are related to liquidity. Controlling for its size, a fund's performance actually increases with the asset base of the other funds …

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Global Force, David Marc Jan 2004

Global Force, David Marc

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

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Su People, Linda Ober, Wanfeng Zhou, David Marc, Kate Gaetano, Margaret Costello, Amy Speach Shires Jan 2004

Su People, Linda Ober, Wanfeng Zhou, David Marc, Kate Gaetano, Margaret Costello, Amy Speach Shires

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

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Information Central, David Marc Jan 2004

Information Central, David Marc

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

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Opening Remarks, Jay Cox Jan 2004

Opening Remarks, Jay Cox

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

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Certainty Categorization Model, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Noriko Kando, Victoria L. Rubin Jan 2004

Certainty Categorization Model, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Noriko Kando, Victoria L. Rubin

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

We present a theoretical framework and preliminary results for manual categorization of explicit certainty information in 32 English newspaper articles. The explicit certainty markers were identified and categorized according to the four hypothesized dimensions – perspective, focus, timeline, and level of certainty. One hundred twenty one sentences from sample news stories contained a significantly lower frequency of markers per sentence (M=0.46, SD =0.04) than 564 sentences from sample editorials (M=0.6, SD =0.23), p= 0.0056, two-tailed heteroscedastic t-test. Within each dimension, editorials had most numerous markers per sentence in high level of certainty, writer’s point of view, and future and present …

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Evaluation Of Restricted Domain Question-Answering Systems, Anne R. Diekema, Ozgur Yilmazel, Elizabeth D. Liddy Jan 2004

Evaluation Of Restricted Domain Question-Answering Systems, Anne R. Diekema, Ozgur Yilmazel, Elizabeth D. Liddy

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Question-Answering (QA) evaluation efforts have largely been tailored to open-domain systems. The TREC QA test collections contain newswire articles and the accompanying queries cover a wide variety of topics. While some apprehension about the limitations of restricted-domain systems is no doubt justified, the strict promotion of unlimited domain QA evaluations may have some unintended consequences. Simply applying the open domain QA evaluation paradigm to a restricted-domain system poses problems in the areas of test question development, answer key creation, and test collection construction. This paper examines the evaluation requirements of restricted domain systems. It incorporates evaluation criteria identified by users …

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Semantic Analysis For Monitoring Insider Threats, Svetlana Symonenko, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Ozgur Yilmazel, Robert Del Zoppo, Eric Brown Jan 2004

Semantic Analysis For Monitoring Insider Threats, Svetlana Symonenko, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Ozgur Yilmazel, Robert Del Zoppo, Eric Brown

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Malicious insiders’ difficult-to-detect activities pose serious threats to the intelligence community (IC) when these activities go undetected. A novel approach that integrates the results of social network analysis, role-based access monitoring, and semantic analysis of insiders ’ communications as evidence for evaluation by a risk assessor is being tested on an IC simulation. A semantic analysis, by our proven Natural Language Processing (NLP) system, of the insider’s text-based communications produces conceptual representations that are clustered and compared on the expected vs. observed scope. The determined risk level produces an input to a risk analysis algorithm that is merged with outputs …

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A Framework For Creating A Facetted Classification For Genres: Addressing Issues Of Multidimensionality, Kevin Crowston, Barbara H. Kwasnik Jan 2004

A Framework For Creating A Facetted Classification For Genres: Addressing Issues Of Multidimensionality, Kevin Crowston, Barbara H. Kwasnik

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

People recognize and use document genres as a way of identifying useful information and of participating in mutually understood communicative acts. Crowston and Kwasnik [1] discuss the possibility of improving information access in large digital collections through the identification and use of document genre metadata. They draw on the definition of genre proposed by Orlikowski and Yates [3], who describe genre as "a distinctive type of communicative action, characterized by a socially recognized communicative purpose and common aspects of form" (p. 543). Scholars in fields such as rhetoric and library science have attempted to describe and systematize the notion of …

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Effective Work Practices For Software Engineering: Free/Libre Open Source Software Development, Kevin Crowston, Hala Annabi, James Howison, Chengetai Masango Jan 2004

Effective Work Practices For Software Engineering: Free/Libre Open Source Software Development, Kevin Crowston, Hala Annabi, James Howison, Chengetai Masango

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

We review the literature on Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) development and on software development, distributed work and teams more generally to develop a theoretical model to explain the performance of FLOSS teams. The proposed model is based on Hackman's [34] model of effectiveness of work teams, with coordination theory [52] and collective mind [79] to extend Hackman's model by elaborating team practices relevant to effectiveness in software development. We propose a set of propositions to guide further research.

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Organizational Cultures Of Libraries As A Strategic Resource, Michelle L. Kaarst-Brown, Scott Nicholson, Gisela M. Von Dran, Jeffrey M. Stanton Jan 2004

Organizational Cultures Of Libraries As A Strategic Resource, Michelle L. Kaarst-Brown, Scott Nicholson, Gisela M. Von Dran, Jeffrey M. Stanton

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Theorists have suggested that organizational culture is a strategic resource that has value in ensuring the continuing existence and success of organizations (Michalisin, Smith, & Kline, 1997; Barney, 1986, 1991; Hult, Ketchen, & Nichols, 2002; Gordon, 1985). This assertion is supported by various studies that have linked organizational culture to broad strategic outcomes such as an organization’s ability to manage knowledge (Davenport, Long, & Beers, 1998; Storck & Hill, 2000), innovation capability (Hauser, 1998), and strategic management of information technology (Kaarst-Brown & Robey, 1999; Reich & Benbasat, 2000; Schein, 1985). Based on this research, we suggest that there are characteristics …

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The Perils And Pitfalls Of Mining Sourceforge, James Howison, Kevin Crowston Jan 2004

The Perils And Pitfalls Of Mining Sourceforge, James Howison, Kevin Crowston

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

SourceForge provides abundant accessible data from Open Source Software development projects, making it an attractive data source for software engineering research. However it is not without theoretical peril and practical pitfalls. In this paper, we outline practical lessons gained from our spidering, parsing and analysis of SourceForge data. SourceForge can be practically difficult: projects are defunct, data from earlier systems has been dumped in and crucial data is hosted outside SourceForge, dirtying the retrieved data. These practical issues play directly into analysis: decisions made in screening projects can reduce the range of variables, skewing data and biasing correlations. SourceForge is …

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Discerning Emotions In Texts, Victoria L. Rubin, Jeffrey M. Stanton, Elizabeth D. Liddy Jan 2004

Discerning Emotions In Texts, Victoria L. Rubin, Jeffrey M. Stanton, Elizabeth D. Liddy

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

We present an empirically verified model of discernable emotions, Watson and Tellegen’s Circumplex Theory of Affect from social and personality psychology, and suggest its usefulness in NLP as a potential model for an automation of an eight-fold categorization of emotions in written English texts. We developed a data collection tool based on the model, collected 287 responses from 110 non-expert informants based on 50 emotional excerpts (min=12, max=348, average=86 words), and analyzed the inter-coder agreement per category and per strength of ratings per sub-category. The respondents achieved an average 70.7% agreement in the most commonly identified emotion categories per text. …

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The Digital Reference Research Agenda, R. David Lankes Jan 2004

The Digital Reference Research Agenda, R. David Lankes

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

This article presents a research agenda for the study of digital reference. The agenda stems from a research symposium held at Harvard in August 2002. The agenda defines digital reference as "the use of human intermediation to answer questions in a digital environment." The agenda also proposes the central research question in digital reference - "How can human expertise be effectively and efficiently incorporated into information systems to answer user questions?" The definition and question are used to outline a research agenda centered on how the exploration of digital reference relates to other fields of inquiry.

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The Post-.Com Internet: Toward Regular And Objective Procedures For Internet Governance, Milton Mueller, Lee Mcknight Jan 2004

The Post-.Com Internet: Toward Regular And Objective Procedures For Internet Governance, Milton Mueller, Lee Mcknight

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

This paper makes the case for using regular and objective procedures to assign new Internet top-level domain names (TLDs) instead of the unscheduled, irregular, discretionary and ad hoc processes and criteria currently used by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Adopting a regularized process is past due: after 5 years of existence, ICANN has yet to define a method for managing TLD additions to the root. Yet, the root of the DNS is an important international resource, and handling applications for new TLDs is one of ICANN’s most significant policy responsibilities. The paper shows that ICANN’s current …

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Context-Based Question-Answering Evaluation, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Anne R. Diekema, Ozgur Yilmazel Jan 2004

Context-Based Question-Answering Evaluation, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Anne R. Diekema, Ozgur Yilmazel

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

In this poster, we will present the results of efforts we have undertaken to conduct evaluations of a QA system in a real world environment and to understand the nature of the dimensions on which users evaluate QA systems when given full reign to comment on whatever dimensions they deem important.

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Coordination Theory: A Ten-Year Retrospective, Kevin Crowston, Joseph Rubleske, James Howison Jan 2004

Coordination Theory: A Ten-Year Retrospective, Kevin Crowston, Joseph Rubleske, James Howison

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Since the initial publication in 1994, Coordination Theory (Malone and Crowston, 1994) has been referenced in nearly 300 journal articles, book chapters, conference papers and theses. This chapter will analyze the contribution of this body of research to determine how Coordination Theory has been used for user task analysis and modelling for HCI. Issues that will be addressed include: 1) how the theory has been applied; 2) factors that led to the success of the theory; and 3) identification of areas needing further research.

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Towards A Portfolio Of Floss Project Success Measures, Kevin Crowston, Hala Annabi, James Howison, Chengetai Masango Jan 2004

Towards A Portfolio Of Floss Project Success Measures, Kevin Crowston, Hala Annabi, James Howison, Chengetai Masango

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Project success is one of the most widely used dependent variables in information systems research. However, conventional measures of project success are difficult to apply to Free/Libre Open Source Software projects. In this paper, we present an analysis of four measures of success applied to SourceForge projects: number of members of the extended development community, project activity, bug fixing time and number of downloads. We argue that these four measures provide different insights into the collaboration and control mechanisms of the projects.

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