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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Greater Syracuse Community Indicators, 2005, Syracuse University. Maxwell School. Community Benchmarks Program Jan 2005

Greater Syracuse Community Indicators, 2005, Syracuse University. Maxwell School. Community Benchmarks Program

Community Benchmarks Program

The Greater Syracuse Community Indicators Report is a snapshot of Onondaga County portraying trends of the time and opportunities for the future. Community Indicators 2005 is the first update since the 2000 Indicators Report and presents the most recent available data. It is essentially a list of measurements which show where we are advancing as a community and where we are not. These measurements were collected from professionals with access to pertinent data concerning the issues that impact our daily lives. You will find their names and affiliations on the last page. Information was gathered by Samantha Long, Syracuse University …

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2005 Preservation Calendar, Donia Conn, Central New York Library Resource Council Jan 2005

2005 Preservation Calendar, Donia Conn, Central New York Library Resource Council

Librarian Publications

Text and images illustrating common preservation problems affecting library and archival materials including books, papers, photographs, scrapbooks, textiles, audio recordings with tips on preserving them. From the 2005 Central New York Library Resource Councils (CLRC) 2005 calendar.

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Dois And Deeplinked E-Reserves: Innovative Links For The Future, Scott A. Warren Jan 2005

Dois And Deeplinked E-Reserves: Innovative Links For The Future, Scott A. Warren

Librarian Publications

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) have uses beyond reference linking and document identification, which are their current primary selling points. Due to their inherent stability, DOIs are well suited for creating deeplinked e-reserves. This paper outlines reasons why libraries should use DOIs whenever possible in the construction of deeplinked e-reserves and provides examples of how such linking can take place, including means for providing security and authentication. Other innovative uses for DOIs in academic libraries are suggested. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: Website: © 2005 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All …

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Estimating Models Of Complex Fdi: Are There Third-Country Effects?, Badi H. Baltagi, Peter Egger, Michael Pfaffermayr Jan 2005

Estimating Models Of Complex Fdi: Are There Third-Country Effects?, Badi H. Baltagi, Peter Egger, Michael Pfaffermayr

Center for Policy Research

The recent general equilibrium theory of trade and multinationals emphasizes the importance of third countries and the complex integration strategies of multinationals. Little has been done to test this theory empirically. This paper attempts to rectify this situation by considering not only bilateral determinants, but also spatially weighted third-country determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI). Since the dependency among host markets is particularly related to multinationals' trade between them, we use trade costs (distances) as spatial weights. Using panel data on U.S. industries and host countries observed over the 1989-1999 period, we estimate a "complex FDI" version of the knowledge-capital …

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Resource Guide For Authors: Open Access, Copyright, And The Digital Commons., Charlotte Hess Jan 2005

Resource Guide For Authors: Open Access, Copyright, And The Digital Commons., Charlotte Hess

Librarian Publications

"This article aims to introduce you to the important issues about copyright and open access; to convince you that providing open access to your research is a right and a responsibility; and to provide concrete information and instructions so that all of you can easily contribute and enrich the global information commons. This is a push for institutional change, commoners, because few of you see yourselves as archivists, publishers, or librarians. But you must begin to take an active role in freeing information. The information that the world needs and values is in your hands."

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Spending Health Care Dollars Wisely: Can Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Help?, Milton C. Weinstein Jan 2005

Spending Health Care Dollars Wisely: Can Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Help?, Milton C. Weinstein

Center for Policy Research

Are we getting the most health improvement possible for our money. In other words, are all the things that we do in medicine really worth it? That is where cost-effectiveness comes in. As a nation, we have been unwilling, at least publicly, to look explicitly at the value, in terms of improved health outcome, that we get for our health care dollars. With advances in medical technology putting unsustainable pressure on health care costs, our historical reluctance to measure value for health care may have to change. I start this brief by describing cost-effectiveness analysis as a method of determining …

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Labor Supply With Social Interactions: Econometric Estimates And Their Tax Policy Implications, Andrew Grodner, Thomas Kniesner Jan 2005

Labor Supply With Social Interactions: Econometric Estimates And Their Tax Policy Implications, Andrew Grodner, Thomas Kniesner

Center for Policy Research

Our research fleshes out econometric details of examining possible social interactions in labor supply. We look for a response of a person's hours worked to hours worked in the labor market reference group, which includes those with similar age, family structure, and location. We identify endogenous spillovers by instrumenting average hours worked in the reference group with hours worked in neighboring reference groups. Estimates of the canonical labor supply model indicate positive economically important spillovers for adult men. The estimated total wage elasticity of labor supply is 0.22, where 0.08 is the exogenous wage change effect and 0.14 is the …

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Cox-Mcfadden Partial And Marginal Likelihoods For The Proportional Hazard Model With Random Effects, Jan Ondrich Jan 2005

Cox-Mcfadden Partial And Marginal Likelihoods For The Proportional Hazard Model With Random Effects, Jan Ondrich

Center for Policy Research

In survival analysis, Cox's name is associated with the partial likelihood technique that allows consistent estimation of proportional hazard scale parameters without specifying a duration dependence baseline. In discrete choice analysis, McFadden's name is associated with the generalized extreme-value (GEV) class of logistic choice models that relax the independence of irrelevant alternatives assumption. This paper shows that the mixed class of proportional hazard specifications allowing consistent estimation of scale and mixing parameters using partial likelihood is isomorphic to the GEV class. Independent censoring is allowed and I discuss approximations to the partial likelihood in the presence of ties. Finally, the …

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Why Do Real Estate Brokers Continue To Discriminate? Evidence From The 2000 Housing Discrimination Study, Bo Zhao, Jan Ondrich, John Yinger Jan 2005

Why Do Real Estate Brokers Continue To Discriminate? Evidence From The 2000 Housing Discrimination Study, Bo Zhao, Jan Ondrich, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

This paper studies racial and ethnic discrimination in discrete choices by real estate brokers using national audit data from the 2000 Housing Discrimination Study. It uses a fixed effects logit model to estimate the probability that discrimination occurs and to study the causes of discrimination. The data set makes it possible to control for auditors' actual demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, along with the characteristics assigned for the purposes of the audit. The study finds that discrimination continues to be strong but also documents a downward trend in both the scope and incidence of discrimination since 1989. The estimations also identify …

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Calculating The Added Costs Of Educating Disadvantaged Students, John Yinger Jan 2005

Calculating The Added Costs Of Educating Disadvantaged Students, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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Simulation-Based Two-Step Estimation With Endogenous Regressors, Kamhon Kan, Chihwa Kao Jan 2005

Simulation-Based Two-Step Estimation With Endogenous Regressors, Kamhon Kan, Chihwa Kao

Center for Policy Research

This paper considers models with latent/discrete endogenous regressors and presents a simulation-based two-step (STS) estimator. The endogeneity is corrected by adopting a simulation-based control function approach. The first step consists of simulating the residuals of the reduced-form equation for endogenous regressors. The second step is a regression model (linear, latent or discrete) with the simulated residual as an additional regressor. In this paper we develop the asymptotic theory for the STS estimator and its rate of convergence.

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On The Estimation And Inference Of A Panel Cointegration Model With Cross-Sectional Dependence, Jushan Bai, Chihwa Kao Jan 2005

On The Estimation And Inference Of A Panel Cointegration Model With Cross-Sectional Dependence, Jushan Bai, Chihwa Kao

Center for Policy Research

Most of the existing literature on panel data cointegration assumes cross-sectional independence, an assumption that is difficult to satisfy. This paper studies panel cointegration under cross-sectional dependence, which is characterized by a factor structure. We derive the limiting distribution of a fully modified estimator for the panel cointegrating coefficients. We also propose a continuous-updated fully modified (CUP-FM) estimator). Monte Carlo results show that the CUP-FM estimator has better small sample properties than the two-step FM (2S-FM) and OLS estimators.

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Do Credit Market Barriers Exist For Minority And Women Entrepreneurs?, Lloyd Blanchard, Bo Zhao, John Yinger Jan 2005

Do Credit Market Barriers Exist For Minority And Women Entrepreneurs?, Lloyd Blanchard, Bo Zhao, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

This paper examines whether methodological deficiencies in the literature on discrimination in small business credit markets have a significant impact on the estimation of discrimination and provides a preliminary investigation into the causes of discrimination in these markets. We find substantial, statistically significant evidence of discrimination in loan approval against black-owned and Hispanic-owned businesses in 1998 with additional control variables, with a variety of different specifications, and with a simultaneous model of the application and loan-denial decisions. We also find that discrimination in small business lending may take the form of statistical discrimination, driven by lenders' stereotypes about the ability …

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Ranking Inequality: Applications Of Multivariate Subset Selection, William C. Horrace, Joseph T. Marchand, Timothy M. Smeeding Jan 2005

Ranking Inequality: Applications Of Multivariate Subset Selection, William C. Horrace, Joseph T. Marchand, Timothy M. Smeeding

Center for Policy Research

Inequality measures are often presented in the form of a rank ordering to highlight their relative magnitudes. However, a rank ordering may produce misleading inference, because the inequality measures themselves are statistical estimators with different standard errors, and because a rank ordering necessarily implies multiple comparisons across all measures. Within this setting, if differences between several inequality measures are *simultaneously* and statistically insignificant, the interpretation of the ranking is changed. This study uses a multivariate subset selection procedure to make simultaneous distinctions across inequality measures at a pre-specified confidence level. Three applications of this procedure are explored using country-level data …

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Estimating The Cost Of An Adequate Education, John Yinger Dec 2004

Estimating The Cost Of An Adequate Education, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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Pastoralist Livestock Marketing Behavior In Northern Kenya And Southern Ethiopia: An Analysis Of Constraints Limiting Off-Take Rates, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Winnie Luseno, Peter D. Little, Sharon M. Osterloh, Hussein Mahmoud, Getachu Gebru Nov 2004

Pastoralist Livestock Marketing Behavior In Northern Kenya And Southern Ethiopia: An Analysis Of Constraints Limiting Off-Take Rates, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Winnie Luseno, Peter D. Little, Sharon M. Osterloh, Hussein Mahmoud, Getachu Gebru

Economics - All Scholarship

Pastoralists in East Africa's arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL) regularly confront climatic shocks that plunge them into massive herd die-offs and loss of scarce wealth. One of the most puzzling features of pastoralist behavior in times of stress has been their relatively low and non-responsive rate of marketed off-take of animals when faced with likely losses to herd mortality. As Figure 1, from Desta (1999), finds in 17-year herd history data from Borana pastoralists in southern Ethiopia, mortality always exceeds net sales as a share of beginning period herd size, with the latter never exceeding three percent and moving hardly …

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November 2004, Syracuse Department Of Economics Nov 2004

November 2004, Syracuse Department Of Economics

Economics - All Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Ranking And Selection Of Motor Carrier Safety Performance By Commodity, William C. Horrace, Thomas P. Keane Nov 2004

Ranking And Selection Of Motor Carrier Safety Performance By Commodity, William C. Horrace, Thomas P. Keane

Economics - All Scholarship

We use recent safety performance data to rank US motor carrier commodity segments (e.g., Tank segment or Produce segment) in terms of several driver-related, vehicle-related, and crash-related safety measures. Ranking and selection inference techniques are used to determine the best and worst performing commodity segments at the 95% confidence level. The results are mixed, however the Passenger segment is generally best, while the Produce, Intermodal, and Refrigerated segments tend to be worst.

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The Cfe Case, John Yinger Nov 2004

The Cfe Case, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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The Effect Of Income Taxation On Consumption And Labor Supply, James P. Ziliak, Thomas J. Kniesner Nov 2004

The Effect Of Income Taxation On Consumption And Labor Supply, James P. Ziliak, Thomas J. Kniesner

Center for Policy Research

We estimate the incentive effects of income taxation in a life-cycle model of consumption and labor supply that relaxes the standard assumption of strong separability within periods. Our model permits identification of both within-period preference parameters and lifecycle preference parameters such as the inter-temporal substitution elasticity. Results indicate that consumption and hours worked are direct complements in utility, and both increase with an increase in the after-tax share and with a compensated increase in the net wage. The compensated net wage elasticity is about 0.3, nearly double the standard estimates for men in the United States that ignore within-period non-separability …

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Shelter Strategies For The Urban Poor: Idiosyncratic And Successful, But Hardly Mysterious, Jerry Kalarickal, Robert M. Buckley Oct 2004

Shelter Strategies For The Urban Poor: Idiosyncratic And Successful, But Hardly Mysterious, Jerry Kalarickal, Robert M. Buckley

Economics - All Scholarship

In 1986 the World Bank prepared a strategy for low-income housing in developing countries. This work grew out of the Bank's efforts to support the urban poor through an extensive housing assistance program that was launched by Bank President McNamara's speech on urban poverty. By that time, the Bank had provided more than $4 billion of such assistance, and had undertaken an extensive research effort to design support for that lending. Much has changed since that time, not only in the way the Bank provides shelter assistance, more than doubling its support since that review, but also in the changing …

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Educational Investments In A Dual Economy, Andrew G. Mude, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Cheryl R. Doss Oct 2004

Educational Investments In A Dual Economy, Andrew G. Mude, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Cheryl R. Doss

Economics - All Scholarship

This paper presents a simple two-period, dual economy model in which migration options may affect the informal financing of educational investments. When credit contracts are universally available and perfectly enforceable, spatially varied returns to human capital have no effect on educational investment patterns. But when financial markets are incomplete and informal mechanisms subject to imperfect contract enforcement must fill the breach, spatial inequality in infrastructure or other attributes that affect the returns to education create spatial differentiation in educational lending and consequently, in educational attainment. Although migration options can increase the returns to education, they can also choke off the …

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Number 1 Fall 2004, Special Collections Research Center Oct 2004

Number 1 Fall 2004, Special Collections Research Center

Newsletters from The Special Collection Research Center - The Courant

No abstract provided.

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Fall 2004, School Of Information Studies Oct 2004

Fall 2004, School Of Information Studies

iSchool Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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On Ranking And Selection From Independent Truncated Normal Distributions, William C. Horrace Jul 2004

On Ranking And Selection From Independent Truncated Normal Distributions, William C. Horrace

Economics - All Scholarship

This paper develops probability statements and ranking and selection rules for independent truncated normal populations. An application to a broad class of parametric stochastic frontier models is considered, where interest centers on making probability statements concerning unobserved firm-level technical inefficiency. In particular, probabilistic decision rules allow subsets of firms to be deemed relatively efficient or inefficient at prespecified probabilities. An empirical example is provided.

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Summer 2004, School Of Information Studies Jul 2004

Summer 2004, School Of Information Studies

iSchool Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Translation Of Classifications: Issues And Solutions As Exemplifies In The Korean Decimal Classification., Barbara H. Kwasnik, You-Lee Chun Jul 2004

Translation Of Classifications: Issues And Solutions As Exemplifies In The Korean Decimal Classification., Barbara H. Kwasnik, You-Lee Chun

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

The aim of this study was to describe how the Korean Decimal Classification (KDC), which is based on the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), accommodated translation and adaptation issues in making the scheme culturally hospitable. We made a concept-by-concept comparison of terms in selected sections of the KDC with the analogous terms or sections in the DDC, noting the differences and similarities of terms and structure. Our analysis suggests that, overall, the KDC succeeded in this endeavor, and that the process of adaptation made good use of several adaptive strategies identified in previous work: adjustments to term specificity and term location …

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Bayesian Herders: Asymmetric Updating Of Rainfall Beliefs In Response To External Forecasts, Travis J. Lybbert, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Winnie Luseno Jul 2004

Bayesian Herders: Asymmetric Updating Of Rainfall Beliefs In Response To External Forecasts, Travis J. Lybbert, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak, Winnie Luseno

Economics - All Scholarship

Temporal climate risk weighs heavily on many of the world's poor. Model-based climate forecasts could benefit such populations, provided recipients use forecast information to update climate expectations. We test whether pastoralists in southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya update
their expectations in response to forecast information and find that they indeed do, albeit with a systematic bias towards optimism. In their systematic optimism, these pastoralists are remarkably like Wall Street's financial analysts and stockbrokers. If climate forecasts have limited value to these pastoralists, it is due to the flexibility of their livelihood rather than an inability to process forecast information.

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Social Identity And Manipulative Interhousehold Transfers Among East African Pastoralists, Marieke Huysentruyt, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak Jul 2004

Social Identity And Manipulative Interhousehold Transfers Among East African Pastoralists, Marieke Huysentruyt, Christopher B. Barrett, John G. Mcpeak

Economics - All Scholarship

We model interhousehold transfers between nomadic livestock herders as the state-dependent consequence of individuals' strategic interdependence resulting from the existence of multiple, opposing externalities. A public good security externality among individuals sharing a social
(e.g., ethnic) identity in a potentially hostile environment creates incentives to band together. Self-interested interhousehold wealth transfers from wealthier herders to poorer ones may emerge endogenously within a limited wealth space as a means to motivate accompanying migration by the recipient. The distributional reach and size of the transfer are limited, however, by a resource appropriation externality related to the use of common property grazing lands. …

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Entry Deterring Capacity In The Texas Lodging Industry, Michael Conlin, Vrinda Kadiyali Jun 2004

Entry Deterring Capacity In The Texas Lodging Industry, Michael Conlin, Vrinda Kadiyali

Economics - All Scholarship

We test whether capacity is used to deter entry and whether the amount invested in entry deterring capacity is related to market concentration and market presence. We use a unique dataset containing all lodging properties in Texas from 1991 through 1997. For each of the 3,830 properties, we have information on occupancy rate, number of rooms, location and ownership. This information is augmented by market level information such as tax rates, travel expenditures and retail wages. We find that there is higher investment in capacity relative to demand (i.e. idle capacity) in markets with larger Herfindahl index and by firms …

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