Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Color Reversal On The Maze Performance Of Learning Disabled And Normal Children, Susan Ramsay Knaysi

Master's Theses

Recent studies examining the performance of braininjured children (specifically, cerebral palsied children) reported improvement of perceptual-motor abilities on graphic tests with figure-ground reversals (Uhlin & Dickinson, 1970; May, 1978). A pilot study was done to ascertain whether this facilitative effect of color manipulation would be demonstrated with hyperactive children also classified as perceptually impaired. A significant difference in performance was found between the white background/black figure manipulation and the black background/white figure manipulation by age (5-10 year olds). Normal children did not demonstrate this facilitative effect. It was postulated that this effect would generalize to learning disabled children. In the …

Effects Of Classroom Setting On Self-Esteem In Learning Disabled Students, Drema G. Moody

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the self-esteem of learning disabled students required to attend learning disabilities classes. Subjects were 35 7th- through 9th-grade, male and female learning disabled (LD) students. Nineteen of the subjects attended at least one resource LD class while the other 16 subjects attended mainstream classes. These groups were matched on intelligence quotients (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised) and reading comprehension standard scores (Peabody Individual Achievement Test) so that no significant differences between the groups, on these measures, existed. The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (Fitts, 1965) was administered to all subjects, along with the closing question, "Does attendance in learning …

Attitude Change In Children And Satisfaction Change In Elders As A Function Of An Intergenerational Integration Program, Terry M. Shkilnyk

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This research involved the development, implementation and evaluation of a 20 week visitation program between 29 senior citizens in a nursing home and 51 adolescents in grades six, seven and eight. It was hypothesized that this type of intergenerational integration would not only benefit the elders involved but also improve the students’ attitudes toward the aged. The results indicated that the elders who were visited showed a significantly higher degree of life satisfaction compared to elders who were not visited. However, there was no effect found on the attitudes of the adolescents toward elders. Results were discussed in terms of …

A Case Study Of A Utilization-Focused Evaluation Involving Two Community-Based Family Services, Giles Reneacute Charbonneau

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The purpose of this research was to study a utilization-focused model developed to evaluate two small community-based family services. The case study method allowed for an intensive investigation of the model so that it could be determined whether or not it contributed to increased utilization of evaluation findings. The research, conducted over a period of two years, involved the participation of committees, selected by the Board of Directors of both organizations, to work with a researcher to develop a program evaluation. Results indicate that involving decision-makers from these organizations in the design and implementation of the evaluation was critical to …

The Development And Assessment Of A Human Sexuality Decision-Making Training Program, John Kazunori Iwohara

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study introduces a decision making skills training program as a potential intervention designed to help prevent unwanted pregnancies. The rationale for the proposed intervention is presented and includes a review of models of contraceptive behavior, decision making, stress, and locus of control. Two separate studies were conducted. Study one used a high school aged population from Los Angeles. Study two used an undergraduate student population from Wilfrid Laurier University. The effectiveness of the training was measured by assessing problem solving ability, stress reduction, locus of control, and participants’ intent to use contraception. Participants’ evaluations of the training materials were …

Love In The Eighties: A Test Of The Socioeconomic Theory, Loretta L. Givens

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Computer Assisted Instruction (Cai) Effect On Strategic Electronic Troubleshooting Performance, Virginia T. White

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Critical Note On The Usefulness Of Attention Deficit As A Clinical Syndrome, David Shaffer, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

Parental ratings of overactivity are unrelated to teachers' ratings of overactivity or to laboratory measures of inattention. Teachers' ratings of overactivity correlate strongly with teachers' ratings of inattention as well as to laboratory measures of inattention. Teachers' ratings of inattention, however, are unrelated to laboratory measures of inattention when IQ is controlled. There are considerable definitional problems relating to the symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention, making it difficult create a behavioral definition of the psychiatric syndrome of attention deficit disorder.

A Comparative Study Of The Psychological Profiles Of A Selective Sample Of Incarcerated Females Versus Non-Incarcerated Females, Karen Ladd

Dissertations

Problem. Psychological testing is used in penal institutions at the initial time of incarceration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of developing distinct psychological profiles for incarcerated females.

Method. The psychological assessment instrument employed to develop these profiles is the Sixteen Factor Personality Questionnaire (16PF). The data which were computed and analyzed to test the eight null hypotheses were provided by a selective sample group of 622 subjects in two penal institutions in Indiana.

Findings. (1) There is no significant difference between personality profiles of incarcerated white females who are property offenders and personality profiles of …

Fitness Level, Type A Behavior, And Anxiety Levels In An Occupational Setting, Susan D. Kilduff

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

An assessment was made of the relationship between physical fitness level, anxiety level and Type A behavior in a non-clinical sample of healthy middle-age adults. Forty nine mid-level managers from Westinghouse Steam Generator and Turbine Division, world Headquarters participated by filling out a battery of tests, including the Jenkins Activity Survey, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a fitness questionnaire. No significant relationship was found between physical fitness level and Type A behavior. A significant negative relationship was found between physical fitness level and trait-anxiety. Trend analysis revealed a significant linear decrease in mean anxiety scores for groups of increasing levels …

An Investigation Of The Moderating Effects Of Personality Variables On The Relationship Of Role Conflict And Role Ambiguity To Individual Performance, Adam J. Gross

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effects of personality variables on the relationship of role stress to performance. The sample consisted of 45 males and 57 females from undergraduate psychology classes at the University of Central Florida. Subjects completed the Adjective Check List (Gough & Heilbrun, 1965), a written decision-making exercise, and a derivative of the role conflict and role ambiguity scales developed by Rizzo, House, and Lirtzman (1970). these yielded personality, performance, and stress scores for each subject. Each personality variable (achievement, aggression, autonomy, flexibility, and introversion) was partialed out of the relationship between role …

Normative Data On The Auditory Memory Performance Of Three- And Four-Year Old Children As Measured By The Auditory Memory Test Package (Amtp), Patricia R. Davis

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to collect normative data on the auditory memory performance of three- and four-year old children as measured by the Auditory Memory Test Package (AMTP). Specifically, this investigation sought to answer one question: is the AMTP sensitive to age differences when administered to young children ages 3.0-4.11?

Incredible Day-Dream : Freud And Jung At Clark, 1909, William A. Koelsch

Clark University History

This booklet collects The Fifth Annual Paul S. Clarkson lecture, about Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung's historic 1909 visit to Clark University. As Blaine E. Taylor write in their preface:

"Professor Koelsch helps the reader put the visit in perspective, carefully correcting claims that it introduced Freud to America or that original research was presented for the first time in the lectures. He also traces the importance of the visit to Clark for Carl Jung and the interesting relationship between Freud and Jung....Here is a complete record, full of insight and interesting asides, of the events that led to 'the …

The Inner Life: The Outer Mind, Stephen Toulmin

Heinz Werner Lectures

This is the fifteenth of the Heinz Werner Lecture Series. This series is designed to provide a forum for outstanding scholars who are known for their contributions to the developmental analysis of biological, psychological and/or sociocultural phenomena.

Factors Associated With Stress In Working Mothers, Jayne Roberts

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Depth Of Process Involvement As A Function Of Structure In Training Groups, David H. Broome

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Clinical Psychology Doctor Of Philosophy Policies And Procedures Handbook 1984-1985, Nova University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Predicting Immoral Behavior, Donelson R. Forsyth

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Moral behavior remains an unpredictable puzzle for psychological researchers; however, some success has been achieved recently by taking individuals' personal moral philosophies into consideration. Writing in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in 1980, Forsyth argued that individual variations in approaches to moral judgment and behavior may be conceptualized in terms of two basic dimensions: relativism and idealism. First, while some personal moral codes emphasize the importance of universal ethical rules like "Thou shalt not lie," others maintain a posture of relativism that skeptically rejects universal principles. Second, while a fundamental concern for the welfare of others lies at …

Environmental Psychology : Theory, Methodology, And Research, Ellen R. Divers

Honors Theses

The purpose of this literature review is to introduce the reader to the emerging field of environmental psychology. The first section deals with problems and challenges of theory and methodology in environmental psychology, and is followed by samples of research in the areas of visual perception, noise, and spatial perception. Finally, two areas, women and the environment and residential satisfaction, selected by the author as important topics for further investigation, are described briefly. It is concluded that since environmental psychology appears to be growing as a field, it is crucial that clear communication be established between environmental designers and those …

The Effects Of Subject Assertiveness On Perceived Assertiveness Of Others, Lisa E. Robertori, Sandra D. Hulbert

Honors Theses

The effects of subject-assertiveness on perceived assertiveness in others were investigated. A subject's assertiveness level was determined by scores on the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule. Subjects were randomly assigned to watch a videotape portraying a low-, medium-, or high-assertive actor and then asked to rate the actor on a 14-item semantic differential scale and on the Impact Message Inventory. Several Pearson product-moment correlations revealed significant results, supporting the original hypothesis. Suggestions for future research are included.

Interpersonal Perceptions As Function Of Personality Styles, Suzanne R. Gascoyne

Theses and Dissertations

One hundred, sixty-nine undergraduates participated in a study that investigated the effects of interpersonal self-perceptions on judgements made about others. Subjects' interpersonal styles were assessed by self-ratings using the Interpersonal Adjective Scales (IAS). Subjects also rated the interpersonal styles of two video-taped stimulus others using the IAS. In addition, subjects' degree of identification and desire to affiliate with the stimuli were assessed. The general design was a two-group rating comparison (Friendly-Dominant and Friendly-Submissive, and more extreme and less extreme) across two stimulus conditions, Hostile-Dominant and Hostile-Submissive. There were several findings and interpretations were forwarded. Extreme subjects assigned higher, more extreme …

Family And Peer Relations Of Conduct Disorder And Hyperactive Children, Katy N. Morrison

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of the family and the peer systems on the development and maintenance of conduct disorder and hyperactivity. In the first section, the diagnostic criteria for children with conduct disorder and hyperactivity, the behavioral characteristics and prevalence of these disorders, as well as the controversy over differential diagnosis between these two disorders will be presented. Following this, the significant familial determinants of these two disorders will be discussed. Finally, the peer determinants of conduct disorder and hyperactivity will be presented.

Cognitive Development In Females : Effects On Self-Esteem And Achievement Motivation, Mary Miller

Honors Theses

The recent years, with changing roles for males and females, have in addition generated both questions and research about the psychological nature of men and women. If differences do indeed exist, they are no longer accepted as permanent and unchangeable. If nothing else, recent social change has made us aware that one's ideas and concepts about social order are much more challengeable than we thought previously. Research in these areas is particularly fascinating in that it has direct implications for how we live, relate to one another, challenge ourselves, and even raise our children.

One area that is of interest …

An Empirical Study Of The Relationship Between Religious Orthodoxy (Defined As Religious Rigidity And Religious Closed-Mindedness) And Marital Sexual Functioning, Stephen Lennard Purcell

Dissertations

Problem

This study attempted to explore whether or not a significant relationship exists between religious orthodoxy (defined as religious rigidity and religious closed-mindedness) and marital sexual functioning.

Methodology

Two Likert-type scales were developed to measure religious orthodoxy and marital sexual functioning, respectively, in a sample of 217 subjects representing Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish faiths. The relationship between the eleven indices of marital sexual functioning (overall marital sexual functioning, sexual interest, responsivity, foreplay, frequency, pleasure, inhibition, anxiety, guilt, shame, and disgust) and religious regidity, religious closed-mindedness, and four moderator variables (sex, age, education, and duration of marriage of subjects) were investigated …

Cognitive Styles And Measured Occupational Preferences Of College Freshmen And Sophomores, Leonard M. Fisher

Dissertations

Problem. This research study tested the hypothesis that significant statistical relationships obtain for junior college and college freshmen and sophomore students, between the cognitive style measures field independence/dependence, "preference for structure," Harvey's Cognitive Style Factors--and occupational factors measure by the UNIACT Interest Inventory.

Method. Four paper and pencil tests measuring three cognitive styles were administered to 213 Michiana area and junior college and college freshmen and sophomores. The Group Embedded Figures Test was used to measure field independence/dependence while the two major measures of "preference for structure" cognitive styles were the VRTTAB average, and the FRTTAB average scores of the …

Case Effects In Letter-Name Matching: A Partial Replication, Joseph B. Hellige

Psychological Science Faculty Works

When same-case letter pairs are to be physically matched as “same” or “different,” reaction times (RTs) are generally shorter for “same” responses. The advantage in RT increases when such pairs are intermixed in blocks of trials also containing mixed-case pairs to be matched for name identity. These results have been interpreted as supportive of a two-code hypothesis of letter matching: In pure blocks of same-case pairs, a visual or physical code underlies letter matching, whereas in intermixed blocks, a phonetic or name code must be used for all “different” judgments. The theory predicts, however, that there should be little discrepancy …

Neuropsychological Performance Of Sexual Assaulters And Pedophiles, Monte L. Scott, James K. Cole, Stephen E. Mckay, Charles J. Golden, Kenneth R. Liggett

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Persons who had been arrested for sexual assault were administered the Luria- Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery and the results compared to a group of normal controls. The sexual assaulters performed significantly worse on 7 of the 14 scales of the battery. The data were then broken down into three groups: (1) those who had forcibly assaulted postpubescent victims, (2) those subjects who had sexually molested a prepubeseent child, and (3) normal controls. A discriminant analysis correctly classified 68% of the subjects on the basis of their neuropsychological performance alone.

The Bender Gestalt And Symbol Digit Modalities Tests As Cerebral Dysfunction Screening Instruments :A Comparative Evaluation, Bruce R. Wright

Dissertations

Problem

One of the problems confronting the psychologist in an institutional setting is the selection of appropriate instruments for the screening and diagnosis of a variety of psychological problems. Among the more subtle and yet far-reaching problems of this sort are those associated with disease, trauma, or congenital defect of the central nervous system. It was the purpose of this study to evaluate the usefulness of two well-known psychological tests as screening instruments for neurological dysfunction in a large and varied institutional population.

Method

The Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test (BGT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were administered to one …

Lethality Assessment Analogue: A Behavioral Measure For Evaluating The Suicide Intervention Competency Of Crisis Hotline Volunteers, Amparo A. Pita

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The need for behavioral evaluations of volunteers performing hotline crisis work led to the development of the Lethality Assessment (LA) Analogue. This measure is designed to evaluate the competence of hotline volunteers in performing the specific crisis intervention skill of Lethality Assessment. This skill is the ability of the volunteers to assess suicide risk in a caller. The specific procedures used in the development of the LA Analogue and preliminary validation data on its use are reported. The development stages of the LA Analogue were following: (a) operationally defining the skill to be assessed, (b) the formulation of a case …

A Study Of The Effects Of Fishbowl Group Structures On The Verbal Self-Disclosure And Feedback Of Graduate Clinical Psychology Students Participating In A Systematic Human Relations Training Laboratory, Dana R. Taylor

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.