Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Ecology Of Foraging Behavior: Implications For Animal Learning And Memory, Alan Kamil, Herbert L. Roitblat

Avian Cognition Papers

In his recent Annual Review of Psychology article, Snowdon (1983) discussed the synthesis of ethology and comparative psychology. A similar synthesis of behavioral ecology and animal learning is beginning to take place. This article reviews developments in the behavioral ecology and ethology of foraging behavior relevant to psychological research on animal learning. The psychological literature shows that animals possess a wide range of learning abilities, including “simple” classical and operant conditioning; they acquire spatial, nonspatial, and temporal discriminations; they exhibit various forms of rule learning (e.g. matching-to-sample and learning set), and may even in certain senses learn language. Why does …

Psychological Responses Of Fathers And Mothers To Amniocentesis, Nancy D. Williamson

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Amniocentesis is one of the most widely used prenatal diagnostic techniques for congenital disorders. It was hypothesized that the psychological responses of mothers and fathers to amniocenthesis during high-risk pregnancies would be positively correlated on scales of Symptomatology (Anxiety, Depression, Anger, and Somatic Complaints) and Well-Being (Relaxed, Contented, Friendliness, and Somatic Well-Being). It was also hypothesized that Symptomatology would be negatively correlated with Well-Being. Nineteen couples, who were referred by their physicians, voluntarily participated in the study. Each partner completed the Symptom Questionnaire (Kellner, 1983), a self-rating scale of Symptomatology and Well-Being, in addition to the Pre-Amniocentesis and Post-Amniocentesis Questionnaires …

Abstinence Versus Controlled Drinking: A Critical Review, Suresh. Pushkarna

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Abstinence used to be the only recommended goal for persons affected with alcohol misuse. In recent years there has been a trend to suggest controlled drinking for some alcohol abusers. The comparison of abstinence versus controlled drinking indicates that controlled drinking goals have proved to be successful in a limited attempt with problem drinkers having middle income, average intelligence, stable job and adequate social support system. Severely dependent alcoholics (gamma type) have been trained in some instances to control their drinking in a laboratory environment, but their control erodes over time. The controlled drinking controversy has partly to do with …

Situational And Sex Role Determinants Of Male Reactions To Female Assertion, Linda. Mesing

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The present investigation examined male reactions to female assertion as a function of attitudes toward women and situational context. Male college students observed videotapes of a female model behaving passively and assertively in each of two situations. Subjects completed an adjective rating scale of the model's behavior after each videotaped scenario. The Attitudes Toward Women Scale was completed by each subject, as well, and served to classify subjects as either liberal or traditional. Results indicated that the female model was given lower ratings of likeability in the assertive conditions than passive conditions, but was given higher ratings on ability/achievement measures …

Factors Related To Job Satisfaction Of Academic Faculty And Administrators In Higher Education, Sutin Somprakit

Masters Theses

Statement of the Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify factors which are most likely to affect job satisfaction of academic faculty and administrators in higher education. Specific recommendations were proposed for college and university administrators' application to maximize academic faculty and administrator job satisfaction. These recommendations were to improve organizational effectiveness and productivity of higher education.

Procedure

The identification of satisfaction-producing factors affecting academic faculty and administrators was accomplished by the related research and literature in the private (business and industry) and the public (higher education) sectors in relation to the motivation-hygiene theory of Herzberg. The recommendations …

Memory Observed: Remembering In Natural Contexts: By U. Neisser (Book Review), Steven S. Braddon

Psychology Faculty Publications

Book review by Steven S. Braddon.

Neisser, Ulric, selector. Memory Observed: Remembering in Natural Contexts. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, 1982. ISBN 9780716713715; 9780716713722 (pbk.)

A Methodology For The Study Of Children's Environmental Knowledge In Other Cultures, Cindi Katz

Publications and Research

This paper presents a methodology which I used to study the content and acquisition of children's environmental knowledge as central to the social reproduction of a rural agricultural economy in the Sudan. My approach was forged drawing on methods of geography, linguistics and anthropology to provide information on (1) how children learn to interact productively with their environment, (2) the nature of their interactions and (3) their knowledge of environmental processes and resources. In this paper I will describe first the methodology adopted including participant observation, ethnosemantic interviews, child-led walks, environmental modeling and "geo-dramas". I will then discuss its use …

Dignity: A Psychological Construct, Walter Watson Tunstall

Theses and Dissertations

A theory was presented which argued that dignity or a per­sonal sense of worth is a distinct dimension of the self­ concept, and it can be distinguished from self-esteem, a re­lated but different dimension of the self-structure. The theory presented an explanation for how a personal sense of worth originates, and why individuals may differ on the degree to which they feel worthy. An internally consistant, alpha= .85, temporally stable, r = .64, 25 item self-report measure of individual differences in dignity, defined as a social process of mutual and reciprocal validation between interactants, was constructed. The Personal Worth Inventory …

Comparison Of Wais-R Subtest Scores In Mbti Sensing Types And Intuitive Types, Gary Mitchell Jaworski

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Differential Psychophysiologic Reactivity And The Type A Behavior Pattern, Timothy P. Toben

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Since 1975, many studies have attempted to show that Type As are sympathetically hyper-reactive to environmental stimuli compared to Type Bs. Inconsistencies in findings have led Holmes (1983} to 2 challenge the basic assumption that a link exists between the Type A behavior pattern and processes which precipitate development of coronary heart disease. The present.study was an attempt to isolate the organismic variable psycho-physiologic reactivity and demonstrate through a replication-extension of Holmes, McGilley, and Houston (1984} that individual psycho-physiologic reactivity rather than the personality profile of Type A is predictive of heightened arousal due to challenge. Reactive and nonreactive Type …

Cognitive Interdependence In Close Relationships, Daniel M. Wegner, T. Giuliano, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

This chapter is concerned with the thinking processes of the intimate dyad. So, although we will focus from time to time on the thinking processes of the individual-as they influence and are influenced by the relationship with another person-our prime interest is in thinking as it occurs at the dyadic level. This may be dangerous territory for inquiry. After all, this topic resembles one that has, for many years now, represented something of a "black hole" in the social sciences-the study of the group mind. For good reasons, the early practice of drawing an analogy between the mind of the …

Cognitive Correlates And Predictors Of Verbal Aggression And Anger In The College Population, Douglas Allen Davidson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The present investigation involved a multidimensional approach to the assessment of anger and aggression. Past research had neglected to use multiple assessment approaches to assess the degree of anger and aggression experience. The present study evaluated cognitive, behavioral, and physiological measures of anger and aggression. This study examined the subjects' thought processes, as well as their actual verbal behavior in role-play situations. The purpose of the present study was to find out what variables were the best predictors of verbal aggression and anger. Based on past research the following hypotheses were proposed: (a) subjects rated high on anger and aggression …

The Infant-Mother Relationship: An Examination Of The Antecedents Of Attachment, Janice M. Kowalski

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Mood-Congruent Retrieval And Circumplexity Between Emotions In Early Childhood Memories, Robert C. Casas

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Alternate Models Of Wisc-R Psychodiagnostics, Edward D. Rossini

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Psychological Factors In The Development Of Ulcerative Colitis: Stress, Coping, And Ego Maturity, Ileen Patrice Liss

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Eating Disorder Continuum: A Comparison Of Depression And Personality Organization In Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, And Weight Preoccupation, Elizabeth Anne Pfaelzer-Smith

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Anti-Judaism, Anti-Semitism, Anti-Zionism: A Theoretical And Empirical Analysis Of The Anti-Jewish Phenomenon Throughout Its History To The Present, Benzion. Allswang

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Memory For Frequency Of Hearing Popular Music: An Investigation Of An Automatic Processing Theory, James Robert Fidler

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Racial And Gender Differences In Self-Efficacy Among Black And White Urban College Students, Sidney C. St. Leger

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Factor Analysis Of Nursing Role Conceptions Of Three Groups, Sarah E. Brotherton

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Parent Data In Measuring The Outcome Of Child Psychotherapy, Barry Richard Lindstrom

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Of Gender And Personality To Fantasy Patterns, Eileen F. Bernat

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effectiveness Of Perinatal Behavioral Assessments In Predicting Preschool Intelligence, James S. Gyurke

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Child Guidance Outcome As A Function Of Focus Of Treatment, Michael T. Klinger

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Causes And Prevention Of Juvenile Delinquent Behavior, Brian E. Scruggs

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Teachers And Stress: An Investigation Of Stressors, Strain, And Methods Of Coping, Kerry Smith-Bandy

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Sharing As A Function Of The Number Of Play Materials, Nancy Carol Milstead

Dissertations and Theses

This study examined whether the number of available play materials (toys) affected the occurrence of sharing behavior in preschool children. Eighteen four- and five-year-old children were assigned by age and gender to six same-sexed groups of three children each and were observed during three, 10-minute observation sessions. All groups were observed playing with one toy, two toys, and three toys. The children's play activities with the toy(s) were videotaped, and a behavioral coding system was developed to record those behaviors. The effect of toy condition on the sharing categories of Asked-for-Share, Partial Share, Overall Share (a category combining the highly …

Recipient Reactions To Aid Reciprocity And Self-Esteem, Ronald Douglas Rankmore

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The purpose of this research was to determine to what extent the clients of the Ontario March of Dames – Assistive Device Program experienced negative reactions to aid across three conditions: 1) no reciprocity condition, 2) voluntary reciprocity condition and 3) financial reciprocity condition. Dependent variable measures assessing negative reactions to aid were: a) self-esteem scores on the Phillips Self-Acceptance Scale (Phillips, 1951), b) length of delay to approach the program, c) feelings of approaching the agency as measured by a seven item, five point semantic differential scale and reason for delay if any was indicated, and d) choice for …

Social Support Networks And Sex Role Orientation After Divorce In Catholic Italian Women And Catholic Anglophone Women, Diana Maria Di Costa

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Twenty-one Catholic Italian divorcees and a matched group of twenty-one Catholic Anglophone divorcees (who were born in Canada and whose ethnic roots were in Great Britain) were studied to determine ethnic differences in family concept, family interaction, sex role orientation, and social support. Results showed that Italian fathers, but not mothers, disapproved of the divorce significantly more than Anglophone fathers. Parental approval/disapproval of the divorce was found to have a greater effect on the support received by Italian divorcees than Anglophone divorcees. Parental disapproval of the divorce was associated with less family and relative support for Italian divorcees only. Italian …